Chemical Composition Of Grain Research Articles

Chemical Composition of Dust Expected from Condensation Models

AbstractThis review examines to what degrees the present chemical equilibrium condensation models are effective in predicting chemical composition of grains observed in a variety of cosmic environments. The composition expected from the equilibrium calculations is reviewed separately for refractory (rocky and metallic) and volatile (icy) components. Comments are given on the limitation of the equilibrium calculations in predicting the grain composition. By taking cometary ice as a typical cosmic volatile condensate, it is pointed out that its composition is far from that expected from the equilibrium models. Theories on the formation of cometary volatiles are reviewed, and an observational clue helpful to testing the theories is pointed out. Discussion is given on the advantage for formation of organic materials from volatile solids.

Variability of the chemical composition of grain from maize plants with different genotypes

Variability of the chemical composition of grain from maize plants with different genotypes

Grain composition in some buckwheat cultivars (Fagopyrum Spp.) with particular reference to protein fractions

A comparative study has been made of the chemical composition of grains in four buckwheat cultivarsviz. Fagopyrum esculentum Moench,F. sagittatum Gilib.,F. kashmirianum Munshi andF. tataricum Gaertn. Grains ofF. esculentum had the lowest content of phenolics, relatively low fat, free sugar and protein content but a higher starch content compared to other three cultivars.F. esculentum had a lower albuminglobulin content as also a lower glutelin content but a higher content of residual insoluble proteins. The content of prolamins was generally low in each of the four cultivars. Low content of phenolics in the groat fraction ofF. esculentum accounts for its better palatability compared to other three cultivars which possess astringent taste.

Development of chemical composition of grain during growth and ripening

The development of chemical composition of barley and oat grains was investigated in samples taken weekly from the beginning of kernel development to about two weeks over the normal harvesting time. The chemical composition of both grain species, but especially that of barley, was complete when the colour of crops was turning from green to yellow: the starch content increased from the initial zero level to its maximum, the sugar and crude fibre contents decreased to the low level of ripe grains. Over-ripening decreased the starch content and kernel weight.

Effects of N, P, and K and their Interactions on the Nitrogen Metabolism of Vegetative Barley Tissue and on the Chemical Composition of Grain in Hydroponic Culture1

Abstract‘Herta’ barley (Hordeum distichon L.) was grown in a greenhouse hydroponics experiment where nitrogen was supplied at concentrations of 10, 50, 100, and 200 ppm N, phosphorus at 25 and 100 ppm P, and potassium at 10, 50, and 200 ppm K in factorial combination. Barley tissue, harvested at the early vegetative, mid‐vegetative, and mature stages of development, was analyzed for total N, protein (alcohol‐insoluble) N, non‐protein (alcohol‐soluble) N, nitrate N, and reduced N. All N fractions, except nitrate N in the mature grain increased with increasing concentrations of N in the nutrient solution. As the concentration of P and K was increased, there was an increase in the dry matter yield and a decrease in the percentage of all N fractions, particularly in tissue at the early‐ and mid‐vegetative stages of development. The percent of protein N and non‐protein N fractions in the mature grain was lower with 100 P than with 25 P and also lower with 200 K than with 10 K or 50 K. Total production of protein N and non‐protein N per plant, however, was greater at the higher rates of P and K largely due to the increased yield of dry matter per plant. Interaction effects of N and K were more significant than NP interactions and than PK interactions except at the early vegetative stage. Potassium appeared to have more effect on the N metabolism of the plant in both vegetative and mature stages than did P.