Chemical Company Research Articles

Safety Participation on Industrial Company: Emphasize Safety Leadership and Safety Climate with Safety Knowledge as Mediation

Purpose: This study aims to empirically test how safety participation can be improved through safety leadership, safety climate to foster safety knowledge in employees. Theoretical Framework: This study uses Omnibearing Leadership Theory to link between variables investigated related to the relationship between safety leadership and safety participation. Design/methodology/approach: The population in this study is employees of the production department at PT. X. While the samples involved in this study were 707 samples. Online questionnaire using accidental sampling. The questionnaires collected and included in the criteria amounted to 405 respondents. Finding: The results of the study empirically that safety participation is influenced by safety leadership, safety climate through safety knowledge. Research, Practical & Social Implication: This research has theoretical implications and practical implications. Theoretically, it can be used as reading material by further researchers, as well as expanding research rules related to the topic of employee safety participation in the company. While practically it can be used as company evaluation material related to the research topic. Originality, value: This research is different from other research, especially from the conceptual model used, besides that this research was conducted in a chemical company that implements a safety management system.

The role of European chemical manufacturing companies in promoting effective communication of conditions of safe use by workers.

In 2006, the revised chemicals management legislation mandatedthat manufacturers of hazardous chemical substances conduct risk assessments for the entire substance life cycle. Additionally, they mustcommunicate use-specific safe handling advice (exposure scenarios) to their customer, asannex to the Safety Data Sheet (SDS). Despite significant efforts to develop workable solutions for chemical mixtures, this goal has not yet been fully achieved. Therefore, a Cefic research project (LRI B23) was commissioned on how to ensure meaningful health risk communication for workers across supply chains. The research project determined that risk-based safe use advice generated by manufacturers, often does not reach the intended end-user and was seen as not tailored to specific user needs. Recipients of the advice are also not prepared to act based on information developed by suppliers. From an industry perspective, the complexity of supply chains and substance life cycles are considered major barriers for effective safe use communication. Exposure scenarios for substance use in industrial work environments are often perceived as adding little value compared to existing safe use arrangements required by other health, safety, and environmental legislation applicable to employers and duty-holders. To attain meaningful use-specific safe handling advice for workers, including those at non-industrial premises who may benefit most from such advice, knowledge transfer and close collaboration between manufacturers and formulators remain key elements, supported by enhanced regulatory appreciation.

Community relations under pressure: Local residents’ perceptions of corporate crisis communication

ABSTRACT High-risk organizations, such as chemical companies, are urged to engage in long-term, dialogic community relations with local residents. Community engagement can establish organizational legitimacy and help to address local concerns. However, stakeholders may be skeptical toward communication efforts made by high-risk organizations, especially during crisis situations. This qualitative study explores whether two Belgian communities are skeptical of the communication efforts made by chemical companies regarding pollution crises, what motives they attribute to the crisis communication, and which communication characteristics shape those attributions. In-depth interviews with 47 local community members reveal that the crisis communication efforts were considered self-serving and attributed to corporate concerns over (a) legitimacy, (b) financial consequences and (c) legal liability. Interviewees believed that these self-serving motives took precedence over public interests. This study also describes communication cues that triggered or strengthened suspicions. Practical recommendations are proposed for chemical companies to improve relationships with local communities.

Biological variability hampers the use of skeletal staining methods in zebrafish embryo developmental toxicity assays

Zebrafish embryo assays are used by pharmaceutical and chemical companies as new approach methodologies (NAMs) in developmental toxicity screening. Despite an overall high concordance of zebrafish embryo assays with in vivo mammalian studies, false negative and false positive results have been reported. False negative results in risk assessment models are of particular concern for human safety, as developmental anomalies may be missed. Interestingly, for several chemicals and drugs that were reported to be false negative in zebrafish, skeletal findings were noted in the in vivo studies. As the number of skeletal endpoints assessed in zebrafish is very limited compared to the in vivo mammalian studies, the aim of this study was to investigate whether the sensitivity could be increased by including a skeletal staining method. Three staining methods were tested on zebrafish embryos that were exposed to four teratogens that caused skeletal anomalies in rats and/or rabbits and were false negative in zebrafish embryo assays. These methods included a fixed alizarin red-alcian blue staining, a calcein staining, and a live alizarin red staining. The results showed a high variability in staining intensity of larvae exposed to mammalian skeletal teratogens, as well as variability between control larvae originating from the same clutch of zebrafish. Hence, biological variability in (onset of) bone development in zebrafish hampers the detection of (subtle) treatment-related bone effects that are not picked-up by gross morphology. In conclusion, the used skeletal staining methods did not increase the sensitivity of zebrafish embryo developmental toxicity assays.

Prediksi Financial Distress Model Almant Z-Score, Kinerja Keuangan dan Pengaruhnya terhadap Nilai Perusahaan

The aim of this research is to predict financial distress conditions using the Almant Z-Score model and to test the influence of financial distress and financial performance on company value in basic industrial and chemical sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the 2017-2021 period. The sample selection technique is purposive sampling method, research data is secondary data obtained from the Indonesia Capital Market Directory for the period 2017 - 2021. The data analysis method used is multiple regression analysis with the eviews 12.0 application tool. The research results show that financial distress and debt to equity ratio (DER) partially do not have a significant effect on company value. Meanwhile, financial performance as proxied by return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) partially has a positive and significant effect on company value.

The relationship between noise pollution and blood pressure: A study on field workers at unit plan chemical industry company

Workers chemical companies employed at these facilities are exposed to inherent occupatioanl health hazards, including occupational noise. Noise was considered disruptive because its presence was unwanted. The production process was one of the main sources of noise pollution that could disrupt health. Noise exceeding the Threshold Limit Value would cause abnormal blood pressure, as occupational noise was a risk factor for hypertension. This study aimed to identify the relationship between noise pollution and blood pressure. This research was an observational study with a cross-sectional approach. The research sample was obtained using proportional random sampling technique, comprising 95 samples from a population of 128. Of the 95 participants (median age <40 years;87,4%), 20%(19/95) had abnormal blood preassure, used PPE (60%) and 32,6%(31/64) wereexposed to high noise. The results of this study revealed a significant relationship with abnormal blood pressure experienced by Unit Plan field workers (p=0.019). Based on the research, it was found that high noise intensity coupled with not using PPE could increase the risk of abnormal blood pressure in workers.

EU regulations on reporting sustainable development as a determinant of limiting the environmental pressure of chemical enterprises in Poland

The period of validity of Directive 2014/95/EU, which imposed on enterprises the obligation to present non-financial information in separate non-financial reports, the so-called ESG was aimed to check its effects, complementary regulations and actual actions in the environmental area. Numerous works have analysed various aspects of non-financial reporting in the context of the directive, including several on ESG reporting in relation to air pollution emissions. However, it has not been examined yet whether there is a relationship between the level of reporting and the effects of pro-environmental activities in the context of the impact of regulations on it. A research gap in this area was identified, and therefore, the aim of the paper is to examine how selected chemical companies in Poland adapt to the EU guidelines on ESG reporting in the environmental dimension and whether it has an impact on reducing their pressure on the environment. The research period is 2010-2022, and the three-stage study used a quantitative-qualitative methodological approach. In the first and third stages, descriptive statistics and time series analysis methods were used. The second one includes methods such as content analysis, case analysis, GES Risk Rating, and expert analysis. The research carried out made it possible to conclude on the impact of non-financial reporting regulations on the environmental pressure.

The Influential Roles of Marketing Stimuli on Customer Retention

The purpose of this study is to explore the necessity of creating retention strategies, emphasize the significance of customer retention, and propose a customer value/retention model. The main objective is to combine three mediators - customer satisfaction (CS), customer loyalty (CL), and word of mouth (WOM) - and evaluate their effect on customer retention using YL Company, a Taiwanese chemical manufacturing company, as a case study. The proposed model's goodness-of-fit was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and SEM-AMOS. Hierarchical regression and the PROCESS macro were employed to examine mediation and moderation effects. The outcomes indicate that product quality, service quality, and price attribution act as marketing stimuli factors that significantly influence the three mediators. Relationship proneness serves as a negative moderator that impedes customer WOM and loyalty's influence on customer retention.

Industry Type, Profitability and Convergence of IFRS to Audit Fees

This research aims to determine the relationship between industry type, profitability, and IFRS convergence with audit fees. This research is associative research that connects each research variable using data taken directly online at the Indonesian Stock Exchange. This research collects data from the annual reports of basic industrial and chemical manufacturing companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange for 2020-2022, with purposive sampling being the technique used in sampling. A total of 27 companies were respondents with an observation period of 3 years. Quantitative methods were used to analyze this research by processing data using the Statistical Program for Special Science (SPSS). The research results show that industry type has a relationship with audit fees, while profitability has no relationship with audit fees, and the same as industry type, IFRS convergence has a relationship with audit fees.

Circular Economy Transformation in Chemical Industry: Integrating CRM and AI for Sustainable Growth

This white paper explores the pivotal role of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) in the digital transformation journey of the chemical industry. As customer expectations continue to evolve and competition intensifies, chemical companies are turning to CRM solutions to enhance customer interactions, streamline operations, and drive business growth. The abstract provides an overview of CRM’s significance in the chemical sector, highlighting its role in customer segmentation, sales automation, marketing optimization, and customer service enhancement. By centralizing and optimizing customer-related processes, CRM enables chemical companies to deliver personalized experiences, improve sales productivity, and foster stronger customer relationships. Through a comprehensive examination of CRM implementations and potential applications in the chemical industry, this white paper aims to provide valuable insights for industry professionals seeking to leverage CRM to navigate the challenges and opportunities of the digital age.

Greenhouse gas neutrality: A qualitative analysis of perceived sustainability tensions in the German chemical industry

The chemical industry plays a critical role in achieving climate neutrality. While several recent studies have concluded that a greenhouse gas-neutral chemical industry is technically feasible, implementation seems to lag behind. This study addresses this issue and contributes to the literature on corporate sustainability by providing a contextual perspective of tensions. Specifically, this study investigates perceived tensions of sustainability managers in their chemical firms' quest to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and how they react to these tensions. The study thereby draws on paradox theory. A qualitative content analysis of interviews with sustainability managers from 22 chemical companies in Germany identifies six tensions, of which four occur very frequently. The responses are grouped into four categories: Business success vs. GHG savings (1), Missing availability (2), GHG savings vs other ecological impact (3) and Desire for sustainability vs. actual behaviour (4). Energy is identified as an overarching topic through which the tensions are linked. Therefore, it is concluded that the response to tensions, as well as the framework conditions around energy, determine if the tensions are either amplified or reduced.

A proposal for a framework process to guide the digital transformation in the R&D center of a Brazilian chemical industry

Despite the known advantages of digital transformation, many chemical industries have failed to advance digital maturity. Recent studies have shown that the main difficulties lie in the implementation process of digital technologies. In fact, digital projects are started within companies, but most of them do not go beyond the pilot phase. So, how should the digital transformation process be conducted to mitigate implementation difficulties? This article investigates the main barriers faced by the Research and Development (R&D) center of a Brazilian large chemical company and proposes a solution to improve the likelihood of digital transformation implementation success. Therefore, a prescriptive research was performed with a qualitive approach based on Design Science Research resulting in the artifact (a framework) design. The proposed solution is a framework which is composed by three phases, I-PREPARATION, II-ELABORATION OF DIGITAL PLAN, and III-EXECUTION OF DIGITAL PLAN, aiming to support the identification, prioritization, and execution of digital projects inside the sector. The framework was positively evaluated by companies’ specialists , suggesting that it’s a potential solution for improving the likelihood of digital transformation implementation effectiveness.

Can ESG disclosures promote firms going concern? Evidence from BRICS countries

AbstractThis study examines the moderating role of managerial ownership on environmental, social and governance (ESG) disclosures and the going concern of chemical manufacturing firms in Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS) countries. We employed a quantitative research methodology, using panel data from 236 listed firms operating in the chemical manufacturing sector between 2007 and 2022. For the analysis, we utilized the Augmented Mean Group and the Common Correlated Effects Mean Group estimators. The results showed that ESG disclosures significantly impact the continued existence of chemical manufacturing companies in BRICS nations. Additionally, high managerial ownership exerts a significant positive influence on the association between ESG disclosures and the going concern of chemical manufacturing firms. The findings affirm the need for businesses to disclose their ESG issues to stakeholders to ensure carbon neutrality goals for BRICS. Hence, it is recommended that policymakers and business owners promote and incentivize managerial ownership, recognizing its pivotal role in enhancing the positive relationship between ESG disclosure and firms' continuity, thereby contributing to the realization of carbon neutrality goals in the BRICS region.

A novel class of insecticidal alkylsulfones are potent inhibitors of vesicular acetylcholine transport

Pyridine alkylsulfone derivatives typified by oxazosulfyl (Sumitomo Chemical Company Ltd.) and compound A2 (Syngenta) represent a new class of insecticides, with potent activity against several insect orders. Whilst the MOA of this class has been attributed to interaction with the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC), here we present strong evidence that their toxicity to insects is mediated primarily through inhibition of the vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT). Alkylsulfone intoxication in insects is characterised by (i) a reduction in cholinergic synaptic transmission efficiency demonstrated by a depression of cercal afferent activity in giant-interneurone preparations of American cockroach (Periplaneta americana), (ii) selective block of cholinergic-transmission dependent post-synaptic potentials in the Drosophila giant-fibre pathway and (iii) abolition of miniature excitatory post-synaptic currents (mEPSCs) in an identified synapse in Drosophila larvae.Ligand-binding studies using a tritiated example compound ([3H]-A1) revealed a single saturable binding-site, with low nanomolar Kd value, in membrane fractions of green bottle fly (Lucilia sericata). Binding is inhibited by vesamicol and by several examples of a previously identified class of insecticidal compounds known to target VAChT, the spiroindolines. Displacement of this binding by analogues of the radioligand reveals a strong correlation with insecticidal potency. No specific binding was detected in untransformed PC12 cells but a PC12 line stably expressing Drosophila VAChT showed similar affinity for [3H]-A1 as that seen in fly head membrane preparations. Previously identified VAChT point mutations confer resistance to the spiroindoline class of insecticides in Drosophila by Gal-4/UAS directed expression in cholinergic neurones and by CRISPR gene-editing of VAChT, but none of these flies show detectable cross-resistance to this new chemical class.Oxazosulfyl was previously shown to stabilise voltage-gated sodium channels in their slow-inactivated conformation with an IC50 value of 12.3μM but inhibits binding of [3H]-A1 with approximately 5000 times greater potency. We believe this chemistry class represents a novel mode-of-action with high potential for invertebrate selectivity.

Design and Diversity Analysis of Chemical Libraries in Drug Discovery.

Chemical libraries and compound data sets are among the main inputs to start the drug discovery process at universities, research institutes, and the pharmaceutical industry. The approach used in the design of compound libraries, the chemical information they possess, and the representation of structures, play a fundamental role in the development of studies: chemoinformatics, food informatics, in silico pharmacokinetics, computational toxicology, bioinformatics, and molecular modeling to generate computational hits that will continue the optimization process of drug candidates. The prospects for growth in drug discovery and development processes in chemical, biotechnological, and pharmaceutical companies began a few years ago by integrating computational tools with artificial intelligence methodologies. It is anticipated that it will increase the number of drugs approved by regulatory agencies shortly.

Circularity assessment in a chemical company. Evaluation of mass-based vs. impact-based circularity

Assessing the circularity of a chemical company can be challenging due to the lack of recorded data on chemical flows. This study evaluates the circularity of solvents in a Swiss chemical plant by analyzing material flows and environmental impacts. The recycling rate and retained environmental value are used as indicators. The company achieved a recycling rate of over 95 %, but the retained environmental value was only about 52 %. Maximizing circularity is not always enough to ensure environmental sustainability. Impact-based metrics are also necessary. This is evidenced by the fact that despite having extremely high mass-based circularity, the retained environmental value is remarkably lower. Since the mass-based circularity is already close to its maximum, additional measures such as using renewable energy for the distillation process or renewable feedstocks for solvent production would be required to further reduce the environmental impact.

FUTURE FACTORY: A CASE STUDY ON ENERGY AND CARBON REDUCTION IN A BIO-PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT

Manufacturing industry is recently facing many challenges such as shorter product life cycles, diversified demands and green manufacturing. According to the deployment of carbon peaking work in Zhejiang province of China, pharmaceutical and chemical companies must accelerate product upgrading and green technology transformation of production methods to promote the carbon emission peaking. To this end, the bio-pharmaceutical company named Conba optimizes, upgrades and innovates existing technologies and equipment when applying energy-saving and consumption-reducing processes, so that they can better meet the application conditions of energy-saving and consumption-reducing technologies in the actual production process. Using the key production parameters of the equipment and equipment monitoring technology, Conba improves the utilization rate of operating equipment and reduces unnecessary energy consumption through data analysis to build a future factory with high energy efficiency, green environment protection and comfortable work environment.

Apakah Capital Intensity Meningkatkan Agresivitas Pajak?

This study aims to analyze the effect of capital intensity on tax aggressiveness by using control variables consisting of size, leverage and profitability. The sample is the financial reports of companies in the chemical manufacturing sector listed on the IDX in 2017-2021 using the purposive sampling technique method, obtained 22 chemical companies with 110 observational data for 5 years from 2017-2021. Data collection techniques used are documentation and literature study. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and simple linear regression analysis. The results showed that by model fit test (F test) capital intensity and control variables consisting of leverage, size and profitability have an influence on tax aggressiveness. Meanwhile, partially, capital intensity has a negative and significant effect on tax aggressiveness. It can be concluded that the higher the value of capital intensity, the lower the tax aggressiveness. The contribution of this research is as information for companies to be able to take advantage of fiscal as a way to minimize tax costs and is a legal tax planning.

The Influence of Corporate Social Responsibility and Good Corporate Governance on Financial Performance in Basic Industry and Chemical Sector Companies Listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange

This research aims to analyze and determine the impact of corporate social responsibility and good corporate governance on the financial performance of Basic Industry and Chemical Sector companies listed on the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The population in this study is that the research data is the financial reports as of 31 December 2019-2022 of basic industrial and chemical sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, totaling 45 companies which are also used as research samples. The approach to calculating Corporate Social Responsibility uses a dichotomy approach, namely each Corporate Social Responsibility item in the research instrument is given a value of 1 if it is disclosed and a value of 0 if it is not disclosed. Good Corporate Governance is measured using an instrument that has been developed by IICG in the form of the CGPI. For financial performance, use the ROA indicator. Data analysis using SEM-PLS. The results of the analysis show that corporate social responsibility has a positive impact on the company's financial performance. Good corporate governance has a significant positive influence on the financial performance of basic industrial and chemical sector companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

Vitamin E and genistein generate a cytoprotective effect on polychlorinated biphenyl- induced oxidative stress in testicular Leydig cells

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are industrial substances which were widely used in industrial applications starting from the 1930s until the mid-1970s. Aroclor 1242 (A1242) is a commercial PCB mixture with 42% chlorine manufactured by the Monsanto Chemical Company in St. Louis, Missouri, USA. Previous studies suggested that PCBs have inhibitory effect on reproductive function, developmental abnormality, and impaired reproductive ability. PCBs may also affect the endocrine system by reducing the testosterone synthesis and the activity of steroidogenic enzymes in Leydig cells. This study was performed to investigate the specific effects of A1242 on the viability of Leydig cells, oxidative damage, and the profile of steroidogenic enzymes in an in vitro culture. The therapeutic effects of vitamin E (VitE) and genistein (Gen), as two antioxidants, in mitigating the damage produced by A1242 were also evaluated. TM3 Leydig cells were exposed to 10-8 and 10-6 M of A1242 and VitE (50µM) and Gen (10µM) as antioxidant for 24 h. After the exposure period, the Leydig cells were assessed to determine their viability using a cell viability assay. Measurements were performed for lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and steroidogenic enzymes. The results showed that cell viability was reduced after A1242 exposure, while lipid peroxidation and ROS increased. Steroidogenesis was interrupted in a concentration-dependent manner. Following A1242 exposure, administrations of VitE or Gen as an antioxidant reduced hazardous effects of A1242 on Leydig cells. Our results showed that exposure to A1242 may impair Leydig cell function and cause toxicity in Leydig cells and that VitE and Gen treatment exhibited therapeutic effects against this toxicity.