Checklist Research Articles

Towards agreement amongst parents, teachers and children on perceived psychopathology in children in a Kenyan socio-cultural context: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundOur objective was to determine levels of agreement between parents, teachers and children on mental symptoms in the children. Teachers, children and parents constitute the TRIAD in the perception of psychopathology in children. Analyzing the perceptions of psychopathology from the perspectives of parents, teachers, and children is essential for a comprehensive understanding of a child’s mental health.MethodsWe identified 195 participants across ten randomly sampled primary schools in South East Kenya. Potential participants were randomly selected and a sampling interval calculated to determine the study participants. The children (Class 5–8; aged 11–14) completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) scale, the parents the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) on their children and the teachers completed the Teachers Rating Form (TRF) on the children. Only parents and teachers who gave consent as well as children who gave assent were included in the study. Analysis was conducted using Stata 14.1 and Pearson correlation coefficients used to calculate the correlations between CBCL, YSR and TRF.ResultsThe children agreed least with the parents and more with the teachers. There was a greater agreement between the children and their teachers in 5 (2 internalizing disorders and 3 externalizing disorders) out of the 8 conditions. Children and parents agreed only on somatic disorders and conduct disorders. YSR mean scores were significantly lower than those for CBCL for all problem scales. Mean scores of TRF and YSR were comparable in the majority of the problems measured.ConclusionWe suggest broad-based psychoeducation to include children, parents/guardians and teachers to enhance shared awareness of psychopathology and uptake of treatment and for the consideration of an integrated mental health system.

Supporting self-regulated-learning in colonoscopy training—A comparison cohort trial

AimThis study aimed to demonstrate that using a self-regulated learning (SRL) approach can improve colonoscopy performance skills. BackgroundColonoscopy is the gold standard for detecting colorectal cancer and removing its precursors: polyps. Acquiring proficiency in colonoscopy is challenging, requiring completion of several hundred procedures. SRL seems to be beneficial to help trainees acquire competencies in regulating their future learning processes and enhance the outcomes of current learning situations. SRL is a learner-centred approach that refers to a trainee's ability to understand and control their learning environment, including cognitions, motivations and emotions. The key abilities include self- and situational awareness, task analysis, and strategic planning. This study is the first to use an SRL approach for workplace-based colonoscopy training. MethodsIn this comparison cohort trial, participants used two SRL supports: a self-review of videotaped performance, and an online learning platform with procedural and conceptual knowledge about colonoscopy. In the control cohort, participants performed patient-based colonoscopy as usual in their departments. Improvement was monitored via three video-based ratings (study start, end of the study period, and follow-up) using the Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Competency Assessment Tool (GiECAT). Outcomes were analysed using two-way analysis of variance with repeated measurements. ResultsThis study recruited 21 participants (12, intervention cohort; nine, control cohort); 58 videos were recorded. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.88 (95% CI 0.61–0.98; p < 0.001). The global rating scale (GRS) and checklist (CL) in GiECAT were analysed separately. No statistically significant main effects of cohort (GRS: F(1,16) = 2.84, p = 0.11; CL: F(1,16) = 1.06, p = 0.32), test (GRS: F(2,32) = 2.56, p = 0.09; CL: F(2,32) = 0.76, p = 0.48), or interactions between cohort and test were observed (GRS: F(2,32) = 1.16, p = 0.33; CL: F(2,32) = 1.01, p = 0.37). ConclusionsSRL in patient-based colonoscopy is feasible; however, no clear effect on performance scores was observed.

Blood levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein for predicting clinical progression to Alzheimer’s disease in adults without dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis protocol

BackgroundThere is urgent clinical need to identify reliable prognostic biomarkers that predict the progression of dementia symptoms in individuals with early-phase Alzheimer’s disease (AD) especially given the research on and predicted applications of amyloid-beta (Aβ)-directed immunotherapies to remove Aβ from the brain. Cross-sectional studies have reported higher levels of cerebrospinal fluid and blood glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in individuals with AD-associated dementia than in cognitively unimpaired individuals. Further, recent longitudinal studies have assessed the prognostic potential of baseline blood GFAP levels as a predictor of future cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired individuals and in those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) due to AD. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we propose analyzing longitudinal studies on blood GFAP levels to predict future cognitive decline.MethodsThis study will include prospective and retrospective cohort studies that assessed blood GFAP levels as a prognostic factor and any prediction models that incorporated blood GFAP levels in cognitively unimpaired individuals or those with MCI. The primary outcome will be conversion to MCI or AD in cognitively unimpaired individuals or conversion to AD in individuals with MCI. Articles from PubMed and Embase will be extracted up to December 31, 2023, without language restrictions. An independent dual screening of abstracts and potentially eligible full-text reports will be conducted. Data will be dual-extracted using the CHeck list for critical appraisal, data extraction for systematic Reviews of prediction Modeling Studies (CHARMS)-prognostic factor, and CHARMS checklists, and we will dual-rate the risk of bias and applicability using the Quality In Prognosis Studies and Prediction Study Risk-of-Bias Assessment tools. We will qualitatively synthesize the study data, participants, index biomarkers, predictive model characteristics, and clinical outcomes. If appropriate, random-effects meta-analyses will be performed to obtain summary estimates. Finally, we will assess the body of evidence using the Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation Approach.DiscussionThis systematic review and meta-analysis will comprehensively evaluate and synthesize existing evidence on blood GFAP levels for prognosticating presymptomatic individuals and those with MCI to help advance risk-stratified treatment strategies for early-phase AD.Trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42023481200.

The influence of stress on mental health among Chinese college students: The moderating role of psychological suzhi

Depending on its duration, stress can be divided into chronic and acute stress, both of which can be detrimental to an individual's mental health. Psychological suzhi may act as a protective factor that buffers the adverse effects of stress. This study aimed to explore the moderating role of psychological suzhi in the relationship between these two types of stress and mental health based on a dual-factor model of mental health. Study 1 explored the moderating role of psychological suzhi on the relationship between chronic stress and mental health using the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, College Student Psychological Suzhi Scale Brief Mental Health Version, Satisfaction With Life Scale, and 12-item General Health Questionnaire to investigate 919 Chinese college students. A hierarchical regression model was used to examine the moderating effects. Study 2 examined the moderating role of psychological suzhi on the relationship between acute stress and mental health. Participants (N = 56) were classified into high (N = 30) and low (N = 26) psychological suzhi groups based on the Psychological Suzhi Scale. They completed the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups and a specific control condition, and their state anxiety and happiness levels were assessed. Data were analyzed using a mixed-design repeated-measures ANOVA. The results of Study 1 revealed that psychological suzhi moderated the influence of chronic stress on the negative indicator of mental health (psychological symptoms) (β = −0.18, t = −6.90, p < 0.001). The results of Study 2 showed that psychological suzhi moderated the effect of acute stress on the negative indicator of mental health (state anxiety) [F (1, 54) = 4.79, p < 0.05, η2 = 0.08]. Psychological suzhi can moderate the influence of both chronic and acute stress on the negative indicators of college students' mental health but cannot moderate the influence on the positive indicators of mental health.

The Child Behavior Check List Usefulness in Screening for Severe Psychopathology in Youth: A Narrative Literature Review

Objective: This article will review the use of the CBCL to diagnose youth with psychopathological disorders focusing on: ADHD, Mood Disorders, Autism Spectrum disorders, and Disruptive Disorders. Method: Using a narrative review approach, we investigate the usefulness of the CBCL as a screening tool to detect childhood onset psychopathology across different diagnostic syndromes. Results: The available literature supports the use of the CBCL for ADHD screening and as a measure of ADHD severity. While some studies support a specific profile linked with childhood bipolar disorder, replication studies for this profile found mixed results. The CBCL was also found to be useful in screening for patients presenting with Autism Spectrum Disorders, Conduct Disorder, and Childhood Bipolar Disorder all of which presents with more severely impaired scores. Conclusion: The CBCL holds promise as a screening tool for childhood psychopathology.

Are Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors for Psychopathology Amplified in Children with Below-Average Intelligence? A Population-Based Twin Study

There is a negative association between intelligence and psychopathology. We analyzed data on intelligence and psychopathology to assess this association in seven-year-old Dutch twin pairs (ranging from 616 to 14,150 depending on the phenotype) and estimated the degree to which genetic and environmental factors common to intelligence and psychopathology explain the association. Secondly, we examined whether genetic and environmental effects on psychopathology are moderated by intelligence. We found that intelligence, as assessed by psychometric IQ tests, correlated negatively with childhood psychopathology, as assessed by the DSM-oriented scales of the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL). The correlations ranged between − .09 and − .15 and were mainly explained by common genetic factors. Intelligence moderated genetic and environmental effects on anxiety and negative affect, but not those on ADHD, ODD, and autism. The heritability of anxiety and negative affect was greatest in individuals with below-average intelligence. We discuss mechanisms through which this effect could arise, and we end with some recommendations for future research.

Development of early intervention program based on cognitive- behavioral theory for divorced children with emotional- behavioral disorders and its effectiveness in aggression of divorced children

Introduction: Divorce is one of the most important causes of tension and pressure on children. Aim: The research aimed to develop of early intervention program based on cognitive-behavioral theory for divorced children with emotional-behavioral disorders and its effectiveness in aggression of divorced children. Method: The research scheme was mixed (qualitative-quantitative). The statistical population in qualitative part consisted of articles and documents related to divorced children and all the professors and specialists in children’s psychological disorders and quantitative part consists of all the girls of divorced families of Astaneh-ashrafiyeh in 2022. Moreever 30 people were selected by purposive sampling and randomly replaced in experimental and control groups. The intervention program was performed in 12 sessions of 90 minutes, two session per week for experimental group. Instruments included Achenbach’s Children Behavioral Check list (2001) and Shahim’s Primary School Aggression Questionnaire (2006). The data in the qualitative part were analyzed by thematic analysis and in the quantitative part by multivariate analysis of covariance. Result: The results showed the content validity of the intervention program was equal to 0.75 up to 1 and there is significant difference between the pre-test and post-test scores of the groups in aggression (P&lt;0.01). In general, the early intervention program based on cognitive-behavioral theory for divorced children with emotional-behavioral disorders is effective on aggression in divorced children (P&lt;0.01). Conclusion: Based on findings developed intervention program was effective in aggression of divorced children. Therefore, this intervention program can be used as an effective intervention to reduce aggression of divorced children.

A descriptive study to assess the knowledge and anxiety level of birth companion in relation to their support during childbirth and the influence of support on the outcome of labor among primipara women at selected hospitals of district Mohali, Punjab

This is a “Descriptive study to assess the Knowledge and Anxiety Level of Birth Companion in Relation to their Support during Childbirth and the Influence of Support on the Outcome of Labor among Primipara Women at Selected Hospitals of District Mohali, Punjab.” A women’s pain during childbirth is unique to each mother and influenced by a variety of factors such as culture, anxiety, fear, previous birth experience, childbirth preparation and support given by the health team members. Continuous support can be used to decrease anxiety in the delivery room. Pre-labor sessions help to decrease anxiety in expectant mothers and help them to have control of the situation they face. Support by a companion of the mother’s during labor and delivery had a positive effect on her satisfaction with the birth experience. Objectives of the study: To assess the level of knowledge of Birth Companion in relation to their Support in Childbirth among primipara women at selected hospitals of district Mohali, Punjab, To assess the level of Anxiety of Birth Companion in relation to their Support in Childbirth among primipara women, To assess the outcome of labor among primipara women in the influence of support provided by the birth companion during labor. Methodology: Research methodology is also called Research Design, Research Plan or Research Strategy of a research study that gives guidelines which direct the research steps, the research study process and enables in systematic data collection, logical data organization and accurate data analysis and data interpretation. After approval the ethical committee, a study was conducted on 50Primipara women, 50 birth Companions selected by Convenient sample technique, Self-structured interview schedule to assess the knowledge and anxiety level, Check list to assess the level of support to women throughout the labor process, Tool to assess the experience and outcome of labor after the presence of birth companion Content Validity (determined by expert) and reliability (0.76 by correlation coefficient) was checked and data was collected. Data was analyzed by Descriptive and Inferential statistics. Results: The present study results revealed that majority 70% Birth Companion had average knowledge, 22% Birth Companion had good knowledge and only 8% of Birth Companion had poor knowledge in relation to their Support in Childbirth among primipara women. In this the level of anxiety shows that majority 88% Birth Companion had moderate level of anxiety, 12% Birth Companion had high level of anxiety, and noun of them had low level of anxiety in relation to their Support in Childbirth among primipara women, The present study finding depicts that majority 56% of Birth Companion provide high support, 14% Birth Companion provide moderate support and 30% Birth Companion provide low support during labor among primipara women. The present study finding depicts the frequency and percentage of primipara Woman Regarding Perception of birthing experience. During labor as per the diagram majority 80% of primipara were moderately satisfied 10% were highly satisfied and 10% were not at all satisfied in the influence of support provided by the birth companion during labor in selected hospitals. Conclusion: The present study shows that birth companion had an overall moderate knowledge of labor process regarding the care to be given for the woman in labor. Levels of anxiety shows that majority of the birth companion had moderate anxiety related to labor. A majority of the birth companions provided a moderate support to the woman throughout labor. A view of woman regarding birthing experience as most of the women was moderately satisfied with the support given by birth companion. The presence of birth companion provides moderate satisfaction for the woman in labor. Recommendations: The study can be replicated on the large sample to validate and generalize its findings.

The association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health of adolescents who exposed to the worst disaster of the century: Extensive data from southeast Turkey.

This study was conducted to examine the association between posttraumatic stress disorder and mental health status of adolescents exposed to the worst disaster of the century. This study was descriptive, cross-sectional, and correlational. This research was conducted between March 31 and July 1, 2023. The study was conducted with earthquake survivors who migrated from Kahramanmaraş, the epicenter of the earthquake, and Adıyaman and Hatay, the other two cities where it was most effective, to Şanlıurfa. The study was conducted with a total of 947 adolescents. "Personal Information Form,""Child Posttraumatic Stress Reaction Index," and "Symptom Distress Check List- (SCL-90)" were used to collect data. Linear regression method was used in the analysis of the research. Path analysis was performed using PATH analysis. The mean age of the adolescents participating in the study was 16.69 ± 1.41 years. It was found that the Global Severity Index (GSI) of the adolescents was at the pathological level with a mean of 2.36 ± 0.68. Posttraumatic stress reactions of the adolescents who experienced the earthquake was found to explain 97.2% of their mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, anger-hostility, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychotic symptoms, other problems, and GSI) (p < 0.001). It was found that the age of the adolescents, total number of losses in the earthquake, the time they stayed under the rubble, the time they waited for siblings to be pulled from under the rubble and the state of having loss due to the earthquake explained 74.4% of the posttraumatic stress reactions (p < 0.001). As a conclusion, it was found that the adolescents who experienced the earthquake experienced severe posttraumatic stress symptoms. It was also found that adolescents who experienced high levels of trauma symptoms showed pathological mental symptoms. After the earthquake, adolescents should be evaluated periodically in terms of posttraumatic stress symptoms. In the evaluations to be made, it is important to determine how adolescents are affected especially mentally. In this context, interventions should be implemented for the identified mental symptoms (anxiety, depression, somatization, etc.).

Effects of Impulsivity and Interpersonal Problems on Adolescent Depression: A Cross-Lagged Study.

The dynamic changes over time in the relationships between impulsivity, interpersonal problems, and depression warrant further exploration. This study delves into the roles of impulsivity and interpersonal issues in the progression of adolescent depression over a year, using a sample of 271 Chinese adolescents (51.7% male, Mage = 12.60 ± 0.69). At three time points, impulsivity levels were assessed with the Chinese version of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11, interpersonal problems with the Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List, and depression with the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale. Results revealed that both impulsivity and interpersonal problems serve as risk factors for depression, but the primary risk factor shifted over time. In early middle school stages, impulsivity was the predominant risk factor, while in later stages, interpersonal problems became the primary risk factor. These findings carry significant implications for directing prevention efforts and interventions for adolescent depression.

An Emotion-Driven Vocal Biomarker-Based PTSD Screening Tool.

Goal: This paper introduces an automated post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) screening tool that could potentially be used as a self-assessment or inserted into routine medical visits to aid in PTSD diagnosis and treatment. Methods: With an emotion estimation algorithm providing arousal (excited to calm) and valence (pleasure to displeasure) levels through discourse, we select regions of the acoustic signal that are most salient for PTSD detection. Our algorithm was tested on a subset of data from the DVBIC-TBICoE TBI Study, which contains PTSD Check List Civilian (PCL-C) assessment scores. Results: Speech from low-arousal and positive-valence regions provide the highest discrimination for PTSD. Our model achieved an AUC (area under the curve) of 0.80 in detecting PCL-C ratings, outperforming models with no emotion filtering (AUC = 0.68). Conclusions: This result suggests that emotion drives the selection of the most salient temporal regions of an audio recording for PTSD detection.

An Annotated Check List of Butterfly Fauna in Potohar Plateau, Punjab, Pakistan

An Annotated Check List of Butterfly Fauna in Potohar Plateau, Punjab, Pakistan

Inferiority and Superiority Complex: Examination in Terms of Gender, Birth Order and Psychological Symptoms

Inferiority and superiority complex are personality structures that point to unhealthy development in Adlerian theory. In this study, the aim was to examine inferiority and superiority complex in terms of socio-demographic characteristics of adult individuals, and to determine the predictive relationships between psychological symptoms and inferiority and superiority complex. A total of 361 (205 females, 156 males) adults between the ages of 18 and 62, reached through the convenient sampling method, participated in the study. Data were collected through the Turkish Version of the Adlerian Inferiority and Superiority Complex Shortened Scales, the Symptom Check List, and the Personal Information Form. In the study, it was found that the main effects of gender and birth order were significant in inferiority complex, while the main effect of birth order was significant in superiority complex. Gender main effect for superiority complex and gender-birth order interaction effect for both complexes were not significant. In addition, it was determined that psychological symptoms were a significant predictor of inferiority complex, but not a significant predictor of superiority complex.

Comparative study of children's mental health outcomes in Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

This study aimed to compare the mental health outcomes of children in North Tyrol, Austria, and South Tyrol, Italy, during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, considering the sociocultural and contextual differences between the two regions. The Tyrolean COVID-19 Children's Study (TCCS: n = 401; June 2021 to July 2021) and the Corona and Psyche in South Tyrol 2021 Study (COP‑S; n = 3402; May 2021 to June 2021) were used for data analyses. Both studies employed cross-sectional designs and collected data through online questionnaires completed by children aged 7-13years and their parents. Various psychosocial assessment tools including the Child and Adolescent Trauma Screening, Children Anxiety Test, Child Behavior Check List, Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, and Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children were used in the surveys. The comparison between North Tyrol and South Tyrol revealed no significant differences in perceived threats, trauma, or anxiety among children. Similarly, there were no substantial disparities in psychosomatic complaints, indicating similar manifestations of emotional distress across the two regions. The comparative analysis of children's mental health outcomes in North Tyrol and South Tyrol during the COVID-19 pandemic confirmed the analogous influence of sociocultural and contextual factors on their wellbeing. Despite presumable variations in pandemic events, management strategies, and healthcare systems, the study suggests comparable resilience among children and highlights the importance of sociocultural factors in shaping their wellbeing. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive understanding and targeted interventions to support children's mental health during challenging times.

Behavioural and Emotional Problems in Malaysian Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-sectional Study in a Single Centre.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disorder that requires a lifelong treatment regimen which may affect psychosocial development. To identify behavioural and emotional problems in children and adolescents with T1DM. A cross-sectional study using the Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) was conducted among all T1DM patients receiving treatment at the Paediatric Endocrine Unit, Hospital Tunku Azizah Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Forty T1DM patients were included. The mean age of the participants was 12.4 years (SD = 2.69), with 52.5% males, and 75% Malay. The average duration of illness was 4.8 years, 9 were pre-pubertal, while mean HbA1c was 9.4%. Thirty-five percent of the respondents had parent-reported internalizing problems and 17.5% had parent-reported externalizing problems. Those >12 years old had more internalizing problems (p = 0.004) compared to those ≤12 years old. The differences were in the anxious/depressed syndrome subscale (p = 0.001) and withdrawn/depressed syndrome subscale (p = 0.015). There were no statistically significant differences in the 3 main global scores by gender, glycaemic control, duration of illness and pubertal status by univariate analysis. T1DM patients >12 years old were at higher risk of developing psychosocial difficulties. This highlighted the benefit of screening of behavioural and emotional issues in children and adolescents with T1DM.

Prevalence of stress, anxiety, and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder among Ukrainians after the first year of Russian invasion: a nationwide cross-sectional study

In February 2022 the Russian federation started a new invasion of Ukraine as an escalation of the ongoing war since 2014. After nine years of war and the COVID-19 pandemic, the mental health state of Ukrainians requires systematic monitoring and relevant action. The aim of present study was to investigate the state of mental health among Ukrainians assessing the levels of stress, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) prevalence in not displaced persons (NDPs), internally displaced persons (IDPs), and refugees abroad. This study was designed as an online survey arranged in the 9-12 months after the start of the new invasion of Ukraine and includes sociodemographic data collection, evaluation of stress intensity by Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), anxiety with General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7), and symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder with PTSD Check List (PCL-5). The sample size of 3173 Ukrainians consisted of 1954 (61.6%) respondents that were not displaced persons (NDPs), 505 (15.9%) internally displaced persons within Ukraine (IDPs), and 714 (22.5%) refugees that left Ukraine. Moderate and high stress was prevalent among 68.2% (1333/1954) and 15.5% (302/1954) of NDPs, 64.4% (325/505) and 21.6% (109/505) of IDPs, and 64.7% (462/714) and 25.2% (180/714) of refugees, respectively. Moderate and severe anxiety was prevalent among 25.6% (500/1954) and 19.0% (371/1954) of NDPs, 25.7% (130/505) and 23.4% (118/505) of IDPs, and 26.2% (187/714) and 25.8% (184/714) of refugees. High levels of PTSD (33 and higher) were prevalent among 32.9% (642/1954) of NDPs, 39.4% (199/1954) of IDPs, and 47.2% (337/714) of refugees. DSM-V criteria for PTSD diagnosis was met by 50.8% (992/1954) of NDPs, 55.4% (280/505) of IDPs, and 62.2% (444/714) of refugees. Only 7.2% of the respondents reported no or mild stress, anxiety, and PTSD levels within the sample. The lowest stress, anxiety, and PTSD severity was observed among NDPs, with significantly higher levels among IDPs and the highest among refugees. Being forcibly displaced from the previous living area and, especially, entering a new cultural environment significantly contributes to the mental health issues caused by war exposure and witnessing. Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.

Perceptions and use of surgical checklist practices in a tertiary hospital of Tunisia, 2023

Introduction: Patient safety remains a major concern in the operating room (OR). The surgical checklist (CL) is presented as a solution for reducing postoperative complications by ensuring better patient safety, but the adoption and use of this tool remain modest in our ORs. So, we aimed to describe CL use practices and perceptions among OR professionals at the University Hospital Center (UHC) of Sahloul, Sousse in 2023. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study among OR professionals at UHC of Sahloul. Data were collected using a questionnaire and an observation grid. Results: The average age of respondents was 38.05 (±8 years) with a female predominance. Our results revealed positive perceptions (98.7%) regarding the usefulness of the surgical CL. Some difficulties were raised by participants, notably the difficulty of accepting verbalization aloud (59.4%), the anxiety generated by multiple checks for the patient (58.8%) and the difficulty of implementing CL during emergency interventions (49.4%). The observation grid revealed the rate of CL use in the OR (70.8%) and inadequate practices in the quality of CL item completion: Variation in the quality of CL item completion from one stage to the next; Items mostly ticked without verification, with only the patient identification (69.1%), procedure site (64.7%), known allergy (47.1%) and antibiotic prophylaxis (61.8%) items being checked aloud. Conclusion: CLs in the operating room are essential to guarantee safe, quality care. It is therefore essential that healthcare professionals, healthcare establishments and decision-makers not only recognize its importance, but also implement the necessary measures for its adoption and systematic use.

An Annotated Check List of Ichthyofaunal Diversity of Madduvalasa Reservoir at Srikakulam District, Andhra Pradesh, India

The current study identified the presence of 51 fish species, including six exotic species from 12 orders, 18 families, and 28 genera, collected four landing locations from October 2021 to September 2023 in the Madduvalasa reservoir. Order Cypriniformes was dominant with 23 species, which contributed to 45.09% of the total species, followed by Siluriformes 11 (27.77%), Channiformes 3 (7.84%), Anguilliformes, Synbranchiformes and Cichliformes each with 2 (3.92%), Osteoglossiformes, Cyprinodontiformes, Beloiniformes, Gobiiformes, Anabantiformes, and Ovalentaria each with 01 (1.96%). The fish species in the current study, the omnivores have a highest with 50.98%, followed by the carnivorous 25.49%, and the herbivorous 18.36%. The number and percentage composition of population status were represented by 41.17% were common, 33.33% were abundant, rare 17.64%, and moderate 7.84% in the total catch. According to IUCN (2023) status, 41 species contributed to 80.39% are least concern (LC), six species contributed to 11.76% are near threaten (NT).

Metamfetamin Kullanım Bozukluğu Olan Genç Yetişkinlerde Sosyal Anksiyete ve Anksiyete Duyarlılığı Arasındaki İlişki

Objective: Recently, it has been observed that the prevalence of substance use in young adulthood has increased. Comorbidity of anxiety disorders is high in individuals with substance use disorder. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the relationship between anxiety sensitivity and social anxiety in young adults using methamphetamine. Material and Methods: 101 patients diagnosed with methamphetamine use disorder were included in the study. Participants were evaluated with sociodemographic data form, Addiction Profile Index (BAPI), Symptom Check List (SCL-90-R), Liebowitz Social Anxiety Inventory (LSAI) and Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3 (ASI-3). Results: It was determined that 70.3% of the subjects with SUD were diagnosed as SAD. ASI-3, SCL-90-R and BAPI scores were statistically significantly higher in the SAD group than in the non-SAD group (p&amp;lt;0.05). A statistically significant positive correlation was found in the SAD group between the LSAI-fear/anxiety subscale scores and ADI-3 total (r=0.26, p&amp;lt;0.05), ADI-3 cognitive(r=0.34, p&amp;lt;0.05) and SCL-90-R total scores (r=0.28, p&amp;lt;0.05). No correlation was found between LSAI scores and ADI-3 total and subscale scores in the non-SAD group (p&amp;gt;0.05). Conclusion: It can be suggested that anxiety sensitivity is a common risk factor for both methamphetamine use disorder and social anxiety. Social anxiety symptoms should be questioned in individuals with methamphetamine use disorder and substance addiction treatment should be carried out together with social anxiety disorder treatment.

Sleep spindles are reduced in children with Down syndrome and sleep-disordered breathing

BackgroundChildren with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). We investigated sleep spindle activity, as a marker of sleep quality, and its relationship with daytime functioning in children with DS compared to typically developing (TD) children.MethodsChildren with DS and SDB (n = 44) and TD children matched for age, sex and SDB severity underwent overnight polysomnography. Fast or Slow sleep spindles were identified manually during N2/N3 sleep. Spindle activity was characterized as spindle number, density (number of spindles/h) and intensity (density × average duration) on central (C) and frontal (F) electrodes. Parents completed the Child Behavior Check List and OSA-18 questionnaires.ResultsIn children with DS, spindle activity was lower compared to TD children for F Slow and F Slow&Fast spindles combined (p < 0.001 for all). Furthermore, there were no correlations between spindle activity and CBCL subscales; however, spindle activity for C Fast and C Slow&Fast was negatively correlated with OSA-18 emotional symptoms and caregiver concerns and C Fast activity was also negatively correlated with daytime function and total problems.ConclusionsReduced spindle activity in children with DS may underpin the increased sleep disruption and negative effects of SDB on quality of life and behavior.ImpactChildren with Down syndrome (DS) are at increased risk of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB), which is associated with sleep disruption affecting daytime functioning.Sleep spindles are a sensitive marker of sleep quality.We identified for the first time that children with DS had reduced sleep spindle activity compared to typically developing children matched for SDB severity.The reduced spindle activity likely underpins the more disrupted sleep and may be associated with reduced daytime functioning and quality of life and may also be an early biomarker for an increased risk of developing dementia later in life in children with DS.