Checklist Research Articles

Agency, life satisfaction, hope, potentially traumatic events, trauma symptoms, and psychological signs. A two waves study with a sample of Palestinian children living in different geographical areas

We sought to examine the changes over time regarding children’s agency, life satisfaction, hope, psychological problems, trauma symptoms and potentially traumatic events in areas where warfare, military presence and settler-colonial violence are affecting children’s lives. 965 Palestinian children, 494 males and 471 females, were assessed with the Traumatic Check List, Children Impact of events scale-Revised, Strength and difficulties scale, Children Hope Scale, Brief Multilevel Children Life satisfaction scale, and War Child Agency assessment Scale-Palestinian version. MANOVA and t-tests were run to detect differences between groups and in the two waves of data collection. Findings showed variations that suggested Palestinian children were potentially in danger of not having the capacity to take charge of their lives and losing hope. In contrast, life satisfaction, contrary to our expectations, remained stable. While the number of potentially traumatic events decreased, psychological distress and trauma symptoms among the participants increased. Girls were more hopeful than boys, and the most satisfied children were found in the West Bank. The younger children had more significant trauma symptoms, while the older children were exposed to more potentially traumatic events such as those with fewer siblings. Gaza, Jerusalem, and Bedouin areas had the highest risk of potentially traumatizing events, and children in these areas were the most exposed. Our research study revealed a worrisome decrease in agentic resources and an increase in trauma symptoms because of the widespread armed conflict, impeding their healthy development, life satisfaction and hope for the future.

Physical Frailty Prediction Using Cane Usage Characteristics during Walking.

This study aimed to determine the characteristics of accelerations and angular velocities obtained by an inertial measurement unit (IMU) attached to a cane between older people with and without physical frailty. Community-dwelling older people walked at a comfortable speed using a cane with a built-in IMU. Physical frailty was assessed using exercise-related items extracted from the Kihon Check List. The efficacy of five machine learning models in distinguishing older people with physical frailty was investigated. This study included 48 older people, of which 24 were frail and 24 were not. Compared with the non-frail participants, the older people with physical frailty had a small root mean square value in the vertical and anteroposterior directions and angular velocity in the anteroposterior direction (p < 0.001, r = 0.36; p < 0.001, r = 0.29; p < 0.001, r = 0.30, respectively) and a large mean power frequency value in the vertical direction (p = 0.042, r = 0.18). The decision tree model could most effectively classify physical frailty, with an accuracy, F1 score, and area under the curve of 78.6%, 91.8%, and 0.81, respectively. The characteristics of IMU-attached cane usage by older adults with physical frailty can be utilized to effectively evaluate and determine physical frailty in their usual environments.

Mood State in Patients with Post-traumatic Stress Disorder due to Lung Cancer: A Clinical Application Study of Intensive Cognitive Management.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) due to lung cancer seriously affects the mood state of patients. Intensive cognitive management is a structured management method based on cognitive behavioral therapy, which can correct cognitive distortions and regulate adverse emotions. This study mainly explored the effect of intensive cognitive management on the mood state of patients with PTSD due to lung cancer. A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 169 patients with PTSD due to lung cancer admitted to our hospital from June 2020 to June 2021. Based on different clinical management schemes, these patients were divided into the reference group (RG, n = 87, routine management) and the study group (SG, n = 82, routine management+intensive cognitive management). The sleep status and degree of depression and anxiety were evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Depression Scale (D), and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder Check List (PCL). After 2 weeks (T1) and 4 weeks (T2) of nursing, the scores on the PSQI (p < 0.001), SAS (T0-T1: p < 0.001; T0-T2: p < 0.001) and D (T0-T1: p = 0.026, p < 0.001; T0-T2: p < 0.001), as well as three PCL factors (p < 0.001) of the two groups were significantly lower than those before nursing (T0). At the T1 and T2 stages, difference scores for the PSQI (difference score 1: p = 0.003; difference score 2: p = 0.006), SAS (difference score 1: p = 0.002; difference score 2: p = 0.007), and D (difference score 1: p < 0.001; difference score 2: p = 0.002) were higher in the SG compared with the RG. At the T1 stage, the difference score of the PCL high-alert factor (p = 0.008) was higher in the SG compared with the RG, with no significant difference in difference scores of other two factors (p > 0.05). At the T2 stage, the SG had higher difference scores for the three PCL factors compared with the RG (p < 0.001, p = 0.011, p < 0.001). Intensive cognitive management can effectively improve sleep quality and adverse emotions and has potential for clinical management of PTSD in patients with lung cancer.

Game “Three Disabled People’s Journey” Through Information Services at Junior High School 6 Palangka Raya

Background: Teachers are important in the activities and efficiency of information services in schools. Teachers can also act as mentors for their students. To help the education process and the quality of human resources, one of the government's policies is to raise guidance and counseling in schools by the Minister's Decree on January 15, 1975 No. 008d / 1975 and 008e / 1975, the following is emphasized again by Decree No. 84/1993 and No. 118/1996, and finally contained in the Merdeka curriculum is interest and talent. Aim: The purpose of this study is" to know the participation of teachers in implementing the use of the game "trip of three disabled people" through information services at Junior High School 6 Palangka Raya ", the sample amounted to 57 teachers at the school. Method: This research uses a quantitative descriptive method to make planning in a systematic, factual, and accurate manner Regarding the facts, and characteristics of the population so that the results of this research will draw conclusions that only apply specifically to the research object, namely the teachers of Junior High School 6 Palangka Raya.The main data collection tool uses the Check List technique, namely: a way to obtain data by making a list of questions addressed to all teachers at Junior High School 6 Palangka Raya. Result and Discussion: The results of the study showed that almost all components of the objectives in the study were implemented with a fairly high percentage of 100% by teachers in schools. This means that teachers are very involved and support information services at Junior High School 6 Palangka Raya.

A survey of experts to identify methods to detect problematic studies: stage 1 of the INveStigating ProblEmatic Clinical Trials in Systematic Reviews project

Background and ObjectiveRandomized controlled trials (RCTs) inform health-care decisions. Unfortunately, some published RCTs contain false data, and some appear to have been entirely fabricated. Systematic reviews are performed to identify and synthesize all RCTs which have been conducted on a given topic. This means that any of these ‘problematic studies’ are likely to be included, but there are no agreed methods for identifying them. The INveStigating ProblEmatic Clinical Trials in Systematic Reviews (INSPECT-SR) project is developing a tool to identify problematic RCTs in systematic reviews of health care-related interventions. The tool will guide the user through a series of ‘checks’ to determine a study's authenticity. The first objective in the development process is to assemble a comprehensive list of checks to consider for inclusion. MethodsWe assembled an initial list of checks for assessing the authenticity of research studies, with no restriction to RCTs, and categorized these into five domains: Inspecting results in the paper; Inspecting the research team; Inspecting conduct, governance, and transparency; Inspecting text and publication details; Inspecting the individual participant data. We implemented this list as an online survey, and invited people with expertise and experience of assessing potentially problematic studies to participate through professional networks and online forums. Participants were invited to provide feedback on the checks on the list, and were asked to describe any additional checks they knew of, which were not featured in the list. ResultsExtensive feedback on an initial list of 102 checks was provided by 71 participants based in 16 countries across five continents. Fourteen new checks were proposed across the five domains, and suggestions were made to reword checks on the initial list. An updated list of checks was constructed, comprising 116 checks. Many participants expressed a lack of familiarity with statistical checks, and emphasized the importance of feasibility of the tool. ConclusionA comprehensive list of trustworthiness checks has been produced. The checks will be evaluated to determine which should be included in the INSPECT-SR tool. Plain Language SummarySystematic reviews draw upon evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to find out whether treatments are safe and effective. The conclusions from systematic reviews are often very influential, and inform both health-care policy and individual treatment decisions. However, it is now clear that the results of many published RCTs are not genuine. In some cases, the entire study may have been fabricated. It is not usual for the veracity of RCTs to be questioned during the process of compiling a systematic review. As a consequence, these “problematic studies” go unnoticed, and are allowed to contribute to the conclusions of influential systematic reviews, thereby influencing patient care. This prompts the question of how these problematic studies could be identified. In this study, we created an extensive list of checks that could be performed to try to identify these studies. We started by assembling a list of checks identified in previous research, and conducting a survey of experts to ask whether they were aware of any additional methods, and to give feedback on the list. As a result, a list of 116 potential “trustworthiness checks” was created. In subsequent research, we will evaluate these checks to see which should be included in a tool, INveStigating ProblEmatic Clinical Trials in Systematic Reviews, which can be used to detect problematic studies.

The creation, implementation, and harmonisation of medical standard operating procedures and checklists of Finnish Helicopter Emergency Medical Service units

IntroductionThe purpose of this study was to investigate the creation, implementation, and harmonisation of medical Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) in Finnish Helicopter Emergency Medical Services (HEMS). The research questions are: (1) What factors influence the creation and implementation of medical SOPs for Finnish HEMS units? and (2) What can be done to harmonise the medical SOPs of Finnish HEMS units?MethodsThe research was conducted as a qualitative interview study with HEMS physicians who worked full-time in Finnish HEMS units or had worked in HEMS for more than five years. Three HEMS physicians from each of the six HEMS units in Finland participated in the study (n = 18). The thematic interviews (average duration 32 min) were transcribed (70,176 words in Finnish) and analysed using inductive content analysis.ResultsThe results of the first research question formed three main categories: (1) Background to developing medical SOPs and checklists (CLs), (2) Creation of medical SOPs in Finnish HEMS units, and (3) Implementation of medical SOPs and CLs. The main categories were divided into eight upper categories and twelve subcategories. The results of the second research question formed four main categories: (1) Prerequisites for harmonising procedures, (2) System-level changes needed, (3) Integrating common medical SOPs into HEMS, and (4) Cultural change. The main categories were divided into nine upper categories and nine subcategories.ConclusionsMedical SOPs and CLs are an integral part of Finnish HEMS. Each unit creates its own SOPs and CLs; their development, implementation, and follow-up are relatively unstructured. Harmonising existing SOPs would be possible, but developing common SOPs would require structural changes in HEMS and a stronger sense of community belonging among HEMS physicians.

The Association between Exposure to Fine Particulate Air Pollution and the Trajectory of Internalizing and Externalizing Behaviors during Late Childhood and Early Adolescence: Evidence from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study.

Exposure to high levels of fine particulate matter (PM) with aerodynamic diameter () via air pollution may be a risk factor for psychiatric disorders during adulthood. Yet few studies have examined associations between exposure and the trajectory of symptoms across late childhood and early adolescence. The current study evaluated whether exposure at 9-11 y of age affects both concurrent symptoms as well as the longitudinal trajectory of internalizing and externalizing behaviors across the following 3 y. This issue was examined using multiple measures of exposure and separate measures of symptoms of internalizing disorders (e.g., depression, anxiety) and externalizing disorders (e.g., conduct disorder), respectively. In a sample of more than 10,000 youth from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, we used a dataset of historical levels and growth curve modeling to evaluate associations of exposure with internalizing and externalizing symptom trajectories, as assessed by the Child Behavioral Check List. Three distinct measures of exposure were investigated: annual average concentration during 2016, number of days in 2016 above the US Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA) 24-h standards, and maximum 24-h concentration during 2016. At baseline, higher number of days with levels above US EPA standards was associated with higher parent-reported internalizing symptoms in the same year. This association remained significant up to a year following exposure and after controlling for annual average, maximum 24-h level, and informant psychopathology. There was also evidence of an association between annual average and externalizing symptom levels at baseline in females only. Results suggested exposure during childhood is associated with higher symptoms of internalizing and externalizing disorders at the time of exposure and 1 y later. In addition, effects of exposure on youth internalizing symptoms may be most impacted by the number of days of exposure above US EPA standards in comparison with annual average and maximum daily exposure. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP13427.

Evaluate a comprehensive geriatric assessment service framework targeting frail older people who had high risk of requiring long-term care services in Japan: a community-based pilot study

BackgroundFrailty has become a key concern in an aging population. A comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) service framework was developed and evaluated aiming to target and connect frail older adults who are at high risk of requiring long-term care services.MethodsA community-based pilot study was conducted in fiscal year 2016 and 2017 in Kure city, Hiroshima, Japan. Participants aged 65 and over living in Kure city, and 393 persons were extracted from the Kihon Check List (KCL) responses. Among the eligible individuals, 101 consented to participate and received CGA and referred to services based on individual health needs. The efficacy was evaluated by referral rate of services, continuity of the service usage, evaluation of participant’s health condition and the quality of life (QoL) after the 6-month follow-up.ResultsNinety-nine (98.0%) participants needed support for the instrumental activity of daily living, 97 (96.0%) were categorized as locomotive syndrome, and 64 (63.4%) had a depressive tendency. Afterward, 60 participants (59.4%) subsequently accepted the referral services, however, 34 (33.7%) used the services and the remaining 26 (25.7%) did not use the services. The health condition improvements in the service-uses group were statistically significant (p < 0.001), however, QoL score did not change between the baseline and 6th -month.ConclusionKCL extracted high-risks older people, and CGA revealed related diseases and health conditions. However, the high refusal rate of referral services indicates a necessity to modify the service framework such as by collaborating with community general support centers, which could increase the efficacy of service framework.

The correlations on psychopathology in children self-rating, psychopathology in children as related by their parents and psychopathology in parents self-rating in a Kenyan school setting: towards an inclusive family-centered approach

Several studies have reported on the association between parental and childhood psychopathologies. Despite this, little is known about the psychopathologies between parents and children in a non-clinical population. We present such a study, the first in a Kenyan setting in an attempt to fill this gap. The objective of this study was to determine the association between self-rating psychopathology in children, parent-rating psychopathology in their children and self-rating psychopathology in parents in a non-clinical population of children attending schools in Kenya. We identified 113 participants, comprising children and their parents in 10 randomly sampled primary schools in South East Kenya. The children completed the Youth Self-Report (YSR) scale and parents completed the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) on their children and the Adult Self-Reports (ASR) on themselves. These instruments are part of the Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA), developed in the USA for a comprehensive approach to assessing adaptation and maladaptive behavior in children and adolescents. There was back and forth translation of the instruments from English to Swahili and the local dialect, Kamba. Every revision of the English translation was sent to the instrument author who sent back comments until the revised version was in sync with the version developed by the author. We used the ASEBA in-built algorithm for scoring to determine cut-off points for problematic and non-problematic behavior. Correlations, linear regression and independent sample t-test were used to explore these associations. The mean age of the children was 12.7. While there was no significant association between child problems as measured by YSR (self-reported) and parent problems as measured by ASR and CBCL in the overall correlations, there was a significant association when examining specific groups (clinical range vs. non-clinical). Moreover, significant association existed between total problems on YSR and ASR internalizing problems (t=-2.3,p = 0.023), with clinical range having a higher mean than the normal range. In addition, a significant relationship (p < 0.05) was found between psychopathology in children as reported by both parents (CBCL) and psychopathology in parents as self-reported (ASR).Mothers were more likely to report lower syndrome scores of their children as compared to fathers. Our findings indicate discrepancies between children self-rating and parent ratings, suggesting that one cannot manage psychopathology in children without reference to psychopathology in their parents. We suggest broad-based psycho-education to include children and parents to enhance shared awareness of psychopathology and uptake of treatment.

The use of the "group traumatic episode protocol (G-TEP) " in an outpatient randomized and hospital setting: Implementation and effects in heterogeneous patient samples.

The resource-based eye movement desensitization and reprocessing group intervention group traumatic episode protocol G-TEP showed promising results in reducing posttraumatic stress disorder, depression, and anxiety. Using a high structured G-TEP worksheet, the patients conduct self-bilateral stimulation while (re)processing their targets. We examined the effectiveness on multiple symptoms and practicability of G-TEP in an outpatient setting and its feasibility in hospital treatment. Study A: Forty-four patients suffering from different symptoms and diagnoses received four ambulatory G-TEP sessions within three eye movement desensitization and reprocessing-G-TEP sessions in a randomized delayed waitlist control group design. We investigate the improvements in symptoms and advantages of G-TEP as an upstream treatment. Study B: The targeted changes in symptom burden in 23 patients and the implementation process of G-TEP as an additional treatment option in a psychiatric hospital were examined. The measures used were Impact of Event Scale-Revised, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Brief Symptom Check List, and the Questionnaire on Dissociative Symptoms at pre- and posttreatment and follow-up. Both studies showed significant and long-lasting reductions in subjective distress and concomitant impairments. The distressing experiences became more "ego-syntonic," levels of avoidance decreased, abilities to manage negative emotions got strengthened, and they gained hope. All effects had a positive impact on subsequent treatment processes; some patients already went free of symptoms only with this short G-TEP treatment. G-TEP effectively alleviates symptoms caused by stressful experiences. G-TEP can be used as a stand-alone intervention in outpatients and can easily be integrated into the offer of multimodal therapy in a psychiatric ward. It can prevent the exacerbation of symptoms and chronification of disease and should be implemented into the (German) health system. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Relationship between Frequency of Urinary Catheter Care and Incidence of Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) in KH Ahmad Dahlan Room, RSU Muhammadiyah Ponorogo

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent occurrence in hospitals and it was reported that 37% of inpatients at RSU Muhammadiyah Ponorogo were fitted with urinary catheters and 38% of them experienced UTI. Frequency of urinary catheter care could potentially affect the incidence of UTI. This study aims to determine the relationship between the frequency of urinary catheter care and the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in the KH Ahmad Dahlan Room of RSU Muhammadiyah Ponorogo. This research method is quantitative with a correlational design using a Cross Sectional approach. The study population was all inpatients in the KH Ahmad Dahlan Room at RSU Muhammadiyah Ponorogo in September - October 2023 totaling 484 patients with an average of 242 people / month. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with the research sample being a portion of inpatients with catheters installed, totaling 30 respondents. Data collection using Check List. Data analysis techniques using Chi-Square. The results of this study showed that of the 30 respondents, most of the 28 respondents (93.33%) with the frequency of urinary catheter care were irregular (not every day) and most of the 29 respondents (96.67%) experienced the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTI). The results of the Chi-Square statistical test obtained a p-value obtained of 0.095&gt; 0.05 so as not to reject H0 which means there is no significant relationship between the frequency of urinary catheter care and the incidence of urinary tract infection (UTI).

Interpreting Differences in Questionnaire Scores in the Context of Cultural Location: A Country Case Study of Symptom Check List -90- Revised Data from Albania, Germany and the USA

This paper explores inter-cultural differences using new SCL-90-R data from Albania and referential data from the USA and Germany. The considerable mean score differences are interpreted in terms of historical, cultural, and political factors in Albania may affect psychometric measures creating large intercultural score differences. The SCL-90-R was administered to a representative population sample in Tirana (N = 501). Global, subscale, and item score values from the Albanian sample were compared, where possible, to those from existing American and German samples. The Albanian data showed markedly higher means on the global scale and all subscales than the American and German values and differences at the item level from the German data (item data were not available for the USA). Differences were most marked on subscales of paranoid thinking, anxiety, and hostility. These findings are interpreted in terms of the cultural context of the country. Considerations are given to implications for therapists working with culturally diverse communities. Current mental health and psychotherapy practices do not sufficiently reflect research indicating complex relations between culture and psychopathology. Studies across cultures in new, concurrently collected data using psychometric methods to explore measurement invariance and its violations, are often not feasible. Simpler methods can be used with historical data to show marked differences and enhance intercultural psychotherapy research. Received: 12 March 2024 / Accepted: 23 June 2024 / Published: 02 July 2024

A General Factor of Psychopathology Predicts Treatment and Long-Term Outcomes in Children and Adolescents With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

Children and adolescents with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are at risk of long-term adversity, but factors influencing long-term outcomes are unclear. A general factor of psychopathology, often referred to as the p factor, captures variance shared by all mental disorders and has predicted long-term outcomes in youth with anxiety and depressive disorders. The p factor has never been examined in relation to outcomes in pediatric OCD. Here, we examine whether the p factor predicts four important outcomes over both short and long durations in youth with OCD. We used data from the Nordic Long-term OCD Treatment Study (NordLOTS), where youth with OCD (N=248, Mage: 12.83 years [SD = 2.72], 52.0% girls) received exposure-based cognitive-behavioral therapy. The p factor was estimated using parent-reported Child Behavior Check List data at baseline and was examined in relation to clinician-rated OCD severity, clinician-rated psychosocial functioning, self-reported depressive symptoms, and self- and parent-reported quality of life directly after treatment and 1, 2, and 3 years after treatment. The p factor was associated with acute treatment outcomes for OCD severity and psychosocial functioning, but not for depressive symptoms and quality of life. For the long-term outcomes, the p factor was significantly associated with all outcomes except OCD severity. The p factor outperformed traditional psychiatric comorbidity as a predictor of long-term outcomes. Youth with OCD who experience symptoms across multiple psychiatric domains have poorer long-term outcomes. Compared to traditional classification of psychiatric diagnoses, assessing psychopathology using a dimensional p factor approach may be advantageous for informing prognosis in pediatric OCD.

Health-related quality of life and problem behaviour after GH cessation in adults born SGA: a 12-year follow-up study.

Long-term data regarding HRQoL and problem behaviour in adults born SGA who were treated with GH during childhood are lacking. To investigate longitudinal changes in HRQoL and problem behaviour in adults born SGA during 12 years after cessation of childhood GH-treatment (SGA-GH), and compare these with 3 control groups at age around 30 years. 176 SGA-GH adults and 3 untreated age-matched control groups: 50 born SGA with short stature (SGA-S), 77 born SGA with spontaneous catch-up growth to normal height (SGA-CU) and 99 born appropriate-for-gestational-age with normal height (AGA). HRQoL and problem behavior were assessed using TNO-AZL Adults Quality of Life questionnaire (TAAQoL) and Adolescent Behavior Check List (ABCL) at 6 months, 2, 5 and 12 years after GH-cessation. Data at 12-years after GH-cessation were compared with 3 control groups. During 12 years after GH-cessation, HRQoL remained similar on 9 subscales in SGA-GH adults, but decreased on 3 subscales (gross motor functioning, pain, sleep). Externalizing problem behaviour decreased significantly and internalizing problem behaviour tended to decrease. SGA-GH and SGA-S adults had similar HRQoL and problem behaviour. SGA-GH adults had, compared to AGA adults, similar HRQoL on 7 subscales, lower HRQoL on 5 subscales and more internalizing and externalizing problem behaviour. All SGA adults had lower HRQoL and more internalizing problem behaviour than AGA adults. Adult height associated negatively with externalizing problem behaviour, but the influence was small. During 12 years after GH-cessation, HRQoL remained mostly similar and problem behaviour decreased in SGA-GH adults. SGA-GH and SGA-S adults had similar HRQoL and problem behaviour. All SGA adults had lower HRQoL and more internalizing problem behaviour than AGA adults.

Transcranial sonography of subcortical structures in tic/tourette disorder

Functional neuroimaging studies demonstrate disinhibition of the cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical circuit. However, structural imaging studies revealed conflicting results, some suggesting smaller volumes of the caudate nucleus (CN) in children with Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (TS). Here we wanted to find out whether transcranial sonography (TCS) detects alterations of raphe nuclei, substantia nigra, lenticular nucleus (LN), or CN in children with Tic disorder or TS (TIC/TS).The study included 25 treatment-naive children (age: 12.2 ± 2.5 years) with a DSM-V based diagnosis of Tic disorder or TS (10 subjects), without other psychiatric or neurologic diagnosis, and 25 healthy controls (age: 12.17 ± 2.57 years), matched for age and sex. Parental rating of behavioral, emotional abnormalities, somatic complaints and social competencies of the participants were assessed using the Child Behavior Check List (CBCL/4-18R). TCS of deep brain structures was conducted through the preauricular acoustic bone windows using a 2.5-MHz phased-array ultrasound system.Fisher's exact test and Mann-Whitney-U test were used for comparisons between TIC/TS patients and healthy volunteers. The number of participants with hyperechogenic area of left CN in the TIC/TS sample was increased, compared to the healthy control group. TIC/TS patients with hyperechogenic CN showed an increased occurrence of thought- and obsessive-compulsive problems. This TCS study revealed pathologic structural changes in CN, its higher occurrence in TIC/TS compared to healthy controls and the relation to comorbidity of thought problems. Further research should focus on the molecular cause of these alterations, probably the disturbed iron metabolism.

A Check List of Algae from Chilika Lake, Orissa

A total of one hundred and two species of algae belonging to five divisions e.g. Cyanophyta, Chlorophyta, Bacillariophyta, Dinophyta and Rhodophyta were recorded from the Chilika lake during 2000-2001 of which fifty eight species belonging to four divisions were reported for the first time. Enteromorpha usneoides recorded in the Southern sector of the lake for the first time shows new and extended distribution range of Entromorpha species in India. A checklist of algal species found in Chilika lake has been given.

Annotated Check List of Ichthyofaunal Diversity in the Freshwater Tidal Stretch Along the Gosthani Estuary, Bheemunipatnam, East Coast of India

Annotated Check List of Ichthyofaunal Diversity in the Freshwater Tidal Stretch Along the Gosthani Estuary, Bheemunipatnam, East Coast of India

Pathways linking greenspace to behavioural problems in Polish children

BackgroundPrevious cross-sectional studies have found a beneficial relationship between greenspace and children's behaviour. Nevertheless, evidence on the mechanisms underlying this association remains scant. We examined whether the availability of greenspace was related to fewer behavioural problems in Polish children and investigated potential mechanisms. MethodsData were obtained from the case-control NeuroSmog study, in which children with and without attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) were tested from October 2020 to September 2022. The analytic sample comprised 679 children aged 10–13 years. Parents reported internalizing, externalizing, and total behavioural problems using the Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL), as well as information about the presence of a domestic garden and potential mediators: greenspace perception, neighbourhood social cohesion, and physical activity. Tree and grass covers were extracted in 500 m and 1 km buffers around lifelong residences. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to examine the psychosocial pathways linking the greenspace metrics to behavioural problems. ResultsGreenspace was only indirectly related to fewer behavioural problems. Specifically, tree cover was related to greater levels of physical activity which, in turn, was related to fewer internalizing and total behavioural problems. Tree cover and presence of garden were related to greenspace perception which, in turn, was associated with higher neighbourhood social cohesion which, in turn, was linked to fewer behavioural problems. The patterns of associations in children without ADHD were very similar to those in the full sample except that the associations from garden to greenspace perception and from physical activity to total behavioural problems were no longer significant. The only association persisted among girls was from neighbourhood social cohesion to behavioural problems and among boys were from tree cover to physical activity and tree cover and garden to greenspace perception. ConclusionTrees and garden, but not grass, are linked to fewer behavioural problems through greenspace perception, neighbourhood social cohesion, and physical activity in Polish children.

Remission after CAR T-cell therapy: Do lymphoma patients recover a normal life?

Chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR T cells) can induce prolonged remission in a substantial subset of patients with relapse/refractory lymphoma. However, little is known about patients' life after CAR T-cell therapy. We prospectively assessed the multidimensional recovery of lymphoma patients in remission, before leukapheresis, before CAR T-cell infusion, and 3, 6, and 12 months thereafter. Validated tools were used to measure lymphoma-related and global health-related quality of life (HRQoL; Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Lymphoma [FACT-Lym] and EQ-5D-5L), cognitive complaint (FACT-Cognition), fatigue (FACIT-Fatigue subscale), psychological status (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Post-Traumatic Check List Scale), and sexuality (Relationship and Sexuality Scale). Beyond 12 months of remission, we also surveyed physical, professional, sexual, and general life status. At 3, 6, and 12 months, 53, 35, and 23 patients were evaluable, respectively. Improvement in lymphoma-related HRQoL was clinically relevant at 3, 6, and 12 months with a mean change from baseline of 10.9 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.8; 16.1), 12.2 (95% CI: 4.2; 20.1), and 11.72 (95% CI: 2.06; 21.38), respectively. Improvement in global HRQoL, fatigue, and anxiety was clinically relevant, but 20%-40% of patients experienced persistent fatigue, psychological distress, and cognitive complaints over time. Beyond 12 months after CAR T cells, 81.8% of 22 evaluable patients were satisfied with their daily life. Physical activity, professional, sexual, and global well-being had returned to prediagnosis levels in nearly half of the patients. We found an improvement in HRQoL after CAR T-cell therapy including anxiety, depression, sexual satisfaction, and general well-being. However, not all patients recover a "normal life." Further research is needed to determine which patients are at risk of quality-of-life impairment to improve recovery after CAR T-cell infusion.

Taxonomic Check List of Ichthyofaunal Diversity in Gosthani River at Tagarapuvalasa, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India

The study was designed to examine the taxonomy and assortment of fish species in the Gosthani River in Andhra Pradesh from April 2023 to March 2024. A total of 47 fish species were documented at the two landing sites of Gosthani River. The fish samples were carefully cleansed, and photos were taken on location. These fish were fixed in glass jars and kept in a 10% formalin solution. Following that, the samples were identified up to the species level using classical taxonomic techniques. Order Cypriniformes was observed to have the highest contribution to the species diversity: 15.78% families, 38.23% genera, and 40.42% species, followed by Siluriformes (26.31% families, 17.64% genera, and 21.73% species); Beloiniformes (10.52% family, 5.88% genera, and 4.25% species); Cichliformes (1 family, 3 genera and 3 species); Perciformes and Synbranchiformes (1 family, 2 genera and 2 species); Anguilliformes (1 family, 1 genera and 2 species); Channiformes (5.26% family, 8.82% genera, and 6.38% species); Cyprinodontiformes, Gobiiformies, Osteoglossiformes, and Anabantiformes (5.26% family, 2.94% genera, and 2.12% species). The taxonomic trophic levels were found to have the largest percentage of omnivores have 46.81%, followed by carnivorous 34.04% and herbivorous 19.14%. The composition of taxa, population status, trophic levels, and IUCN status were reported in this research paper.