Charity Society Research Articles

A Survey of the Role of Charity Societies in Recycling Clothing Waste and the Extent of Their Societal Impact in Saudi Arabia

Clothing waste is one of the key wastes that societies discard in general, the Saudi society in particular. This increases environmental and visual pollution if necessary measures are not taken to reduce these pollutants. In turn, many charity societies that specialize in collecting clothing waste in Saudi Arabia have taken advantage of this waste by recycling it and thus achieving clothing sustainability, which, in turn, maintains environmental balance, especially since we are a clothing-consumer society. Recently, the researcher noticed the spread of many clothing containers for collecting used clothes by charity societies all over residential neighborhoods in the central, western, eastern and northern regions; this study focuses on the fate of those used clothes that are disposed of and placed in the containers designated for them. But, has this initiative of charity societies achieved the public benefit of society by sustaining these wastes? The study includes three hypotheses, and to verify them, we conduct variance tests, and Scheffe tests for multiple comparisons, as well as (T) tests. The study reaches the conclusion that there are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample members in how charity societies benefit from clothing waste according to the study variables, where the (F) value is (46.369), which is a statistically significant value at a level of (0.01). There are also statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample members in the methods of classifying and sorting clothing waste to achieve its sustainability according to the study variables, where the (F) value is (15.212), which is a statistically significant value at the level of (0.01). There are statistically significant differences between the average scores of the sample members in the societal impact of charity societies to achieve clothing sustainability according to the study variables, where the (T) value is (8.403), which is a statistically significant value at the level of significance (0.01).

Lietuviškų organizacijų ir partijų Rusijoje 1917–1918 m. politinės veiklos reikšmę atskleidžiantys dokumentai LMA Vrublevskių bibliotekoje / Documents from the Holdings of the Wroblewski Library Reveal the Significance of Political Activity of Lithuanian Organizations and Parties in Russia (1917–1918)

After the start of the February Revolution, Lithuanian refugees, exiles, and soldiers in Russia developed a wide spectrum of organizations and political parties ranging from the extreme left to conservative Christian democracy. Despite major ideological disagreements, the Petrograd Seimas succeeded in adopting a resolution proposed by the right wing, which advocated a neutral and independent Lithuanian state. The Lithuanian community in Russia contributed to the creation of a new, independent, Lithuanian state by coordinating activities, forming new political structures, and cooperating with other nations, and became even more involved in this work after returning. Documents kept in the Wroblewski Library reveal the dynamics of the political activities of Lithuanians in Russia in 1917-1918. The Lithuanian Society for Aid to War Victims was involved in relief efforts, education, and mobilization of war refugees and exiles towards national activism and state-building. These activities are reflected in the documents kept in Collection F70 of the Manuscript Department which still has a Soviet-age disguise name of Societies of the Vilnius Region and other Lithuanian Societies, since the Lithuanian Society for Aid to War Victims continued operating in the Vilnius region in the interwar period under the name of Vilnius Lithuanian Charity Society. Numerous documents from the period of the Russian revolution are kept in the personal archives of the founder of the Santara party, Petras Leonas, (F117) and the Social Democrats Vladas Požela (F237) and Česlovas Petraškevičius (F238). Individual documents from that periods are dispersed across numerous personal collections, as well as collections of various societies and parties from the holdings of the Manuscripts Department of the Wroblewski Library. Keywords: February Revolution; Lithuanian Society for Aid to War Victims; Lithuanian Care to Provide Assistance to Our Captive Lithuanian Brothers from Prussian Lithuania; “Grūdas” (“The Grain”); Ateitininkai; Aušrininkai; civic activists; Lithuanian Christian Democrat Party; Party of National Progress; Democratic National Freedom League (Santara party); Lithuanian Popular Socialist Democratic Party; Social Democratic Party of Lithuania; Bolsheviks (communists); Council of the Lithuanian Nation; Petrograd Seimas; Supreme Council of Lithuanians in Russia.

БЛАГОТВОРИТЕЛЬНОСТЬ В ОБЛАСТИ ЗДРАВООХРАНЕНИЯ В ПЕРИОД ПЕРВОЙ МИРОВОЙ ВОЙНЫ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ЯРОСЛАВСКОЙ ГУБЕРНИИ)

The purpose of the article is to analyze charity events in Yaroslavl province to help the healthcare service during the First World War. The article shows the activity of the pop-ulation to provide material support to the sick and wounded soldiers in need of help in the hospitals of Yaroslavl province. The work of members of the Yaroslavl public on the creation of charity societies and unions is considered. The characteristic of the charity organizations stuff and their statutes are given. As a result, the author comes to the con-clusion that the media which were constant-ly in interaction with the benefactors provid-ed themselves all possible assistance.

Żydowskie organizacje charytatywne w Królestwie Polskim (1898–1914)

The aim of the work is to present Jewish charity societies in Polish Kingdom; their legal basis for legalization by the state administration, chronology, geography, social position of the founders, changes in the goals of activity and its results, the attitude of state authorities. The source basis are archival files created by the provincial state administration, which legalized and supervised the organization's activities. The press largely ignored Jewish charities organizations, and the information published about them was imprecise. The incomplete state of preservation of the archival collections created by the provincial offices limits the presentation of the issue. Socio-economic changes among Jews in Polish Kingdom in the second half of the 19th century led to an increase in the number of the poor. The first Jewish charitable organizations of a general nature were legalized by the state administration in 1898. In the years 1902–1905, their registration was discontinued. During the period when the state authorities regulated social life (1894–1906), at least 14 societies were legalized. Their founders were bankers, factory owners and great merchants. In the period of liberalization of social life (1906–1914), at least 102 independent organizations and 13 of their branches were registered. They specialized mainly in acting. The outbreak of the revolution in 1905 stimulated the social activation of: traders, craftsmen, private officials and freelancers who began to take part in creating charity organizations. Women also made them. The greatest number of Jewish charitable societies was established in the governorates and large cities that were most advanced in transformations.

Did the Saudi Economic Growth distributed equally

Based on the four available household surveys from 1999 to 2018, this paper answers the main reach question: did Saudi economic growth spread evenly?. The aforementioned question was answered using the nonlinear autoregressive distributed lag model (NARDL) to account for the possibility of nonlinear effects of the explanatory variables on the dependent variable. The Gini coefficient is the dependent variable explained by real per capita income, squared real per capita income to examine the Kuznets inverted U shape hypothesis, and lastly the inflation rate. The results demonstrate that exogenous variables account for 99 percent of the variation in the dependent variable. The estimated coefficients are highly significant including the squared per capita implying the validity of the Kuznets hypothesis. The results have policy implications in that the economic growth path that began in the 1950s has had an impact on income and consumption magnitude in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where economic policies such as free education and health services, exemption from income tax, Zakat distribution, and regulation of charity societies support the average Saudi family and reduce inequality. Jazan and Najran will need to put in even more effort to catch up to the other districts.

Obrazovanje i humanitarni rad žena u Prizrenu u 19. i 20. veku

For many years, the role of women in Serbia was in an unenviable position. Serbian women often faced numerous limitations and challenges, including the inability to educate, participate in the public sphere, and decide to lead their own lifestyles. However, with the social changes in Serbia, in the middle of the 19th century, the emancipation of women began. Despite being slow, often insufficiently organized, the first steps towards changing the role of women helped women, over time, to be more encouraged, motivated and united. The situation was similar in all cities, including in Prizren. Starting from the founding of the first private women's schools all the way to women's craft schools, young girls were given the opportunity to be educated and develop various skills. Apart from schools, women in Prizren also acquired knowledge in women's humanitarian associations, which were the main gathering places for women's activism in the 19th and 20th century. In this regard, the aim of the paper is to provide an overview of the general position of women in Serbia in the mentioned period, to present the education of female children in Prizren, as well as to point out the existence of two influential women's associations - Women's Charity Society "Srpkinja" and the Circle of Serbian Sisters, which are mostly responsible for education, humanitarian work, participation in city activities and the overall development of female generations in Prizren.

OPIEKUŃCZO-WYCHOWAWCZA DZIAŁALNOŚĆ ZGROMADZEŃ ZAKONNYCH W PŁOCKU OD CZASÓ W NAJDAWNIEJSZYCH DO POŁOWY XX W.

From the very beginning of its existence, the Church took care of the poorest. It organized and ran hospitals and schools for them. In addition to helping adult people, it took care of orphaned children. The children were looked after by religious congragations because they were often abandoned in the churches. In Poland, the first hospitals that looked after abandoned children appeared in the 13th century. The first hospital of thistype was established in Sandomierz in 1222. In Plock, for several centuries, the care of poor children and youth was provided by religious congregations and priests of the Plock diocese: Norbertines, the Congregation of the Sisters of Mercy of Father Paulo (Szarytki), the Congregation of the Sisters of Our Lady of Mercy, the Congregation of the Passionate Sisters of priest Adam Peski, the Charity Society with priest Ignacy Lasocki, the Congregation of the Sisters Servants of the Blessed Virgin Mary and the Old Catholic Mariavite Church. Thanks to the dedicated activity of Plock assemblies and diocesan priests, many children had a chance for a normal and dignified life.

Osnivanje ženskog dobrotvornog društva "Srpkinja" u Prizrenu 1909. godine

The Women's charity society "Srpkinja" was founded in 1909. by local Serbian women from Prizren. At the beginning of the 19th century, Serbian population in Kosovo and Metohija was under-pressure from the Turkish authorities and local Albanians. Only way to save their homes from fanatic Muslims was to work on opening schools, creation of cultural associations, in order to preserve their identity in that way. A group of brave women's decide to establish one society, who will take care for education of young girls in Prizren. The goals of this society were to learn young women's, girls and housekeepers true values through the conversations, reading books and etc. The members of this society "Srpkinja" was engaged in charity work, they helped poor people, also they collected donations from rich people. The women's charity society had its own rulebook according to which it worked. The "Srpkinja" also had their management, president, vice-president, an accountant and paymaster. One year after the establishment, the management of this society was opened a women's worker's school in 1910. This school was very important for the education of young girls. At school the girls learned how to sews, cuts and knit. In the World war one, these girls and women's helped the red cross. After war, the school continues to work. This society and their school was very important for young and poor Serbian girls. Many of them have become teachers, educators and most important - good people.

Формирование и развитие мусульманских благотворительных обществ в Крыму (в конце XIX – начале XX века)

The article is devoted to the formation and development of charitable organizations of the Crimean Tatar people, whose main tasks were to combat poverty and illiteracy among the Muslim population in the Crimea in the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The leading role of representatives of the Crimean Tatar intelligentsia in the development of charity is considered, with the help of which issues of an educational social and humanitarian nature, problems in the development of education and culture were solved. During the next meeting of the Tauride nobles in 1893, the well-known public and political figure Ismail Mufti-zade, the idea of the need for the Crimean Muslims to organize a charitable organization was presented. For this purpose, at the same time, 150 rubles were collected between the murzas, which served as the basis of capital. Ismail Mufti-zade drew up the «Charter of the Crimean Charitable Society in Simferopol for helping the Crimean Tatars in need», which was reviewed and signed at the Ministry of Internal Affairs on December 24, 1896. Crimean Charitable Society of Muslims in Moscow In Simferopol, «Dzhemiet Khayrie» was under the jurisdiction of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. Reports of the activities of the charity society after review and approval were sent to all the members of the society, and through the Taurida Governor and Trustee of the Odessa school district, was presented at the interior Ministry and the Ministry of national education. The charity society had its own seal and had the right to acquire and sell its own property on the grounds stipulated by law. According to the «Charter», the purpose of the society was to work in two main directions: social charity and charity education. In the first direction, the Society took care and helped the elderly and sick people from among the Crimean Tatars who were unable to work, and provided them with real material assistance. Russian Russian-Tatar schools, Russian classes at the existing mekteb and madrasahs, and placement of orphans and the poorest children in vocational schools were opened with the proper permission of the charity organization of the Crimean Tatars in the second direction. According to the «Charter», members of this society could be persons of both sexes, of all classes and ranks, except for underage students who were tainted by the court. The members of the society were divided into several categories: honorary members, full members of the society. The activities of the Muslim charity society in Simferopol are reflected in the reports of general meetings of different cities, which consider the positive aspects and shortcomings in the work of the society. At the beginning of the XX century. Charitable societies of Crimean Tatars were established in other cities of the Crimea: Yalta, Bakhchisarai, Kerch, Yevpatoria, Karasubazar, whose activities were aimed at solving social and humanitarian educational problems. With the beginning of the First World War, the financial situation of the Society deteriorated significantly, however, the needy Crimean Tatars continued to help receive financial assistance until 1920. With the establishment of Soviet power in the Crimea, charitable societies ceased to exist. The history of the creation and development of Muslim charitable societies in the Crimea is worthy of deep scientific research.

From the History of Turkestan Emigration: «Turkestan Charity Society» in Cairo

The article introduces the content of a previously unknown document related to the history of Turkestan emigration in Egyptin the 40s of the twentieth century. We mean the Charter of Turkestan Charity Society (Turkestan Jamiyat-i Khayriyesi), created inCairo in 1944 by a group of eminent people from the Bolshevik Central Asia political refugees. The document is written in two languages: Arabic and Turkish. Not only the main part of the document is of particular interest, but it also makes it possible to identify the names of prominent representatives of theTurkestan emigrant community who participated in the creation of the society. The relevance of the proposed material is caused by the fact that the information about the very process of creation and its initiators is not available neither in domestic nor in foreign theses published recently on the history ofTurkestan emigration. In addition, the article reveals some fresh evidence about a group of people who were in close relationship with one of the brightest representatives ofTurkestan emigration, a Tatar theologian, Musa Bigiev (1875–1949). Here we mean HH Princess Khadija Abbas Hilmi (1879–1951), a representative of the Muhammad Ali dynasty, as well as Musa Bigiev’s students Yusuf Uralgiray (1915–1976) and Muhammad Turkistani (1904–1991).

Values, coping and well-being of parents with children with genetic diseases: narratives content analysis

The paper discusses one of topical problems, connected to a distress of a child being diagnosed with a genetic disease situation – parents’ coping with that. An attempt was made to determine what strategies and resources not only contribute to the parental coping with the situation of the child’s diagnosis, but also the subjective well-being of the parents? The authors present the results of narratives of native parents of children with Down syndrome (received from charity societies and open sources; n = 52). The emotional aspect of parents’ experience, their difficulties at the stage of recognising the diagnosis, coping strategies and resources involved in accepting process, and the parents` subjective well-being at the stages of recognising the diagnosis and the stage of the interview (after 1—12 years) are analysed. The Ronald Fisher's multifunctional angular transformation was used for analysing the differences. Mothers and fathers show no differences in the perception and assessment of difficulties at the stages of recognition of the diagnosis and the moment of the interview, but there are significant differences in the resources and strategies for coping with these difficulties. Features of difficulties at different stages, differences in the structure of resources and the intensity of coping strategies (especially among mothers) indicate the dynamics of experiencing the situation and adapting to it.

Greeks in Azerbaijan: epochal look at history and modernity

In modern political science and social sciences, interest in cross-cultural research in the framework of various scientific methodologies is growing. The article is devoted to the study of one of the most pressing problems of our time, which is of great interest to Azerbaijan and Greece. This article describes in detail the historical situation in which the Greeks were forced to settle in the Caucasus. The article discusses the main reasons for the creation of the first Greek settlements in Azerbaijan. The author in a broad context considers the activities of the Greeks in Azerbaijan. The article analyzes the main reasons for the unification of the Greeks of Azerbaijan, and the creation of the Greek Philanthropic (charity) society. Moreover, the article focuses on the activities of the theater group "Evripidis", operating in this society. It should be noted that the football team "Embros" (Forward) was a source of pride for the Greeks living in Baku. The article also mentions the repression and mass arrests of the "Father of the Nations" against the Greeks. At the same time, it is emphasized that, as a result of Stalin’s policy, the Greeks living in Baku were resettled in the deserts of Kazakhstan in difficult conditions. The article analyzes the political motives of the resettlement of Greeks from Azerbaijan. At the same time, a large place in the article is devoted to the recollections of Azerbaijani Greeks forced to resettle in inhuman conditions. Documents and their photographs from the Russian State Archive of Contemporary History and from the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History on the resettlement of the Greeks, and according to the NKVD Directive No. 50215 of December 11, 1937, protocols No. 46, 61, 91 of the sentences of the Greeks living in the Azerbaijan SSR were first presented the scientific community of our country. The article also analyzes the integration of the Greeks into Azerbaijani society and their contacts with the multicultural environment of Azerbaijan. The article also discusses the activities of the Greek community "ARGO", created by the Greeks living in the country after the restoration of independence of Azerbaijan.

Editor's Column: “We are the jury”: Steinbeck's America under Threat

Editor's Column: “We are the jury”: Steinbeck's America under Threat

Боротьба з жебрацтвом у Херсонській губернії (друга половина ХІХ – початок ХХ ст.)

У статті розкрито боротьбу уряду та благодійних товариств з жебрацтвом у Херсонській губернії в другій половині ХІХ – на початку ХХ ст. Зазначено причини появи жебрацтва, його основні форми та види. Розглянуто діяльність Будинків працелюбності в Одесі, Миколаєві та Херсоні, їх допомогу у справі добровільного працевлаштування нужденних, проекти заснування робітних будинків для примусового працевлаштування жебраків, а також реформування законодавства щодо заходів боротьби з жебрацтвом.

Działania na rzecz upowszechniania ochron podejmowane w Krakowie przez Józefa Teodora Głębockiego w XIX wieku Activities Taken in Cracow by Józef Teodor Głębocki in the 19th Century to Promote the Use of Childcare Facilities

Przedmiotem badań niniejszego artykułu była działalność dobroczynna Józefa Teodora Głębockiego w XIX w. w Krakowie. Szczególną uwagę zwrócono na jego zaangażowanie w upowszechnianie zakładania instytucji dla małych dzieci nazywanych ochronami. Stanowiły one znaczący element w budowaniu systemu opieki nad małym dzieckiem i rozwoju pedagogiki przedszkolnej. Celem artykułu było ukazanie działalności J.T. Głębockiego w stowarzyszeniach dobroczynnych oraz jego dorobku literackiego służącego m.in. propagowaniu potrzeby objęcia opieką dzieci rodziców zajętych wielogodzinną pracą zarobkową w mieście. Zastosowano w nim analizę dokumentów źródłowych, których podstawę stanowiły materiały zgromadzone w Archiwum Narodowym w Krakowie. Ustalono, że Głębocki był członkiem znaczących towarzystw dobroczynnych, w tym Arcybractwa Miłosierdzia i Banku Pobożnego, Krakowskiego Towarzystwa Dobroczynności, Komitetu Ochron dla małych dzieci. Jego działalność na rzecz ubogich dorosłych i dzieci, opracowania poświęcone dobroczynności upowszechniały taką formę opieki.

Activities of the Imperial Philanthropic Society at Its Early Stage of Formation (1802-1820)

The article is devoted to establishment and work of Imperial Mercy Fund in the first years of its existence. This Fund was one of the hugest charity organization in Europe in 19th century. The paper attempts to trace the development of Russian public consciousness in the early 19th century in relation to poor people. Traditionally, the problem of the relationship between society and power, which are considered in the study, is relevant. Based on historical sources, the general nature of the Fund's activity at the beginning of its foundation is presented, the data on the funds allocated from the state treasury for the needs of the poor Russian population. There is the number of people who received assistance; the number of open houses of charity are exist in the article. The paper describes the creation of the Medical and Philanthropic Committee, its activities, sources of funding and effectiveness. Special attention is paid to the establishment of hospitals for the poor people – dispensaries, that provided assistance to people who have suffered an accident, the disabled, deaf and pregnant women. A list of doctors and their addresses to which the reception of poor patients was conducted. The committees (departments) of the Mercy Fund are listed, and their functions are described. The article particularly covers the structure of the Committee on education, whose tasks included the development of projects, translation of books, publication of newspapers and magazines promoting the idea of charity in Russia, maintaining relations with other Russian and foreign charity societies. Particular attention is paid to the description of the Institute of the Blind – Russia's first medical school for blind children (homeless or children from poor families), as well as the establishment of the House of Education for poor boys and orphans. The content of the curriculum, the structure of education, the amount of funding are described in the article.

Mechanisms for Making Planning Decisions in Women's Charities in Riyadh and the Role of Administrative Board Members: An Applied Study

The current study aimed at a scientific objective that is to determine the role of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies in making planning decisions at different stages in women charity societies in Riyadh. It also aimed at a practical goal that is reaching a theoretical knowledge framework that enables decision makers, specialists, and experts to identify 1) the importance of the participation of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies in making planning decisions; 2) the planning capabilities of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies needed to play their role in making planning decisions; 3) examine the role of the members of the boards of charitable societies in the different stages of decision-making; and explore the mechanisms for activating their role in planning decisions for women charities in Riyadh. The nature of the study is descriptive and analytical, using the comprehensive social survey method for the analysis of the members of the boards of the women's charities in Riyadh. The study used the Statistical Package Program (SPSS No. 17) in the statistical analysis of the questionnaire for members of the boards of directors of these associations. Scientific and practical results were reached by answering its questions. Based on the theoretical framework, a number of recommendations were suggested.

Mechanisms for Making Planning Decisions in Women's Charities in Riyadh and the Role of Administrative Board Members: An Applied Study

The current study aimed at a scientific objective that is to determine the role of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies in making planning decisions at different stages in women charity societies in Riyadh. It also aimed at a practical goal that is reaching a theoretical knowledge framework that enables decision makers, specialists, and experts to identify 1) the importance of the participation of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies in making planning decisions; 2) the planning capabilities of the members of the boards of directors of charitable societies needed to play their role in making planning decisions; 3) examine the role of the members of the boards of charitable societies in the different stages of decision-making; and explore the mechanisms for activating their role in planning decisions for women charities in Riyadh. The nature of the study is descriptive and analytical, using the comprehensive social survey method for the analysis of the members of the boards of the women's charities in Riyadh. The study used the Statistical Package Program (SPSS No. 17) in the statistical analysis of the questionnaire for members of the boards of directors of these associations. Scientific and practical results were reached by answering its questions. Based on the theoretical framework, a number of recommendations were suggested.

Ingenieros, arquitectos, médicos y locura. La construcción del Asilo Colonia de la Magdalena (1896-1918)

El presente artículo aborda el proceso de configuración y construcción del primer hospital psiquiátrico moderno del Perú. Se centra en las acciones ejercidas por los médicos, ingenieros y arquitectos que participaron en dicho proyecto. El periodo de estudio abarca desde 1896, cuando el Ministerio de Fomento convocó a un concurso para la edificación de una Casa de Insanos que reemplace al Manicomio del Cercado, y finaliza en 1918, con la inauguración del Asilo Colonia de la Magdalena u Hospital Víctor Larco Herrera. El artículo está dividido en dos partes. En la primera sección se describe la importancia que tuvo el profesional técnico y médico en el proceso de modernización de fines del siglo XIX e inicios del XX. Además, se describe el rol desempeñado por el Ministerio de Fomento y la Sociedad de Beneficencia de Lima en ese proceso. Por último, se señalan las características del proyecto ganador del concurso anteriormente mencionado. En la segunda sección se analiza el proceso de construcción del Manicomio General, prestando atención al diálogo entre los agentes participantes (ingenieros, arquitectos y médicos).

Inicjatywa założenia ochron dla dzieci w Krakowie w pierwszej połowie XIX wieku

The article covers the issue of the initiative of organising care for small children at care homes in Krakow in the first half of the 19th century. Krakow’s civic-minded townspeople, referring to examples from all over Europe and facilities organised in Warsaw, implemented a project setting up a care shelter in Krakow. The analysis of archive material indicates that towards the end of the 1830s and the beginning of the 1840s, in Krakow, one could speak of the beginnings of a movement aimed at extending care over children of working families, including helping to feed them, morally educate them and provide for them with a basic education. Members of Krakow’s Charity Society actively participated in this work, recruiting people interested in creating care shelters, and drawing up projects for such institutions. In the end, care shelters were established and operated in the second half of the 19th century on the initiative of the private individuals who founded the Committee for Shelters for small children in Krakow. It must be noted that these included members of the Charity Society.