Surface Charge Research Articles

Gadolinium-Sensitive Artificial Nanochannel Membrane for Information Encryption.

Inspired from ion channels in the myelinated axon of Xenopus laevis found to be affected by gadolinium on axonal currents, we present a solid nanochannel membrane sensitive to gadolinium (Gd3+), which can be achieved via the use of the macrocyclic triacetic acid derivative in the host-guest chemistry approach. The macrocyclic nanochannel has good responsiveness toward Gd3+, even at the nanomolar concentration level, evidenced by discernible changes in rectification, ionic conductance, and XPS analyses. Notably, the Gd3+-sensitive nanochannel membrane can be switched by the addition of a diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) derivative. Further studies have indicated that the gated behavior of Gd3+ in the nanochannel can be attributed to the strong binding strength between DO3A and Gd3+, which induces a surface charge reversal within the nanochannel. The mechanism has been confirmed through several experimental techniques, including isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) experiments, fluorescence titration experiments, and finite element analysis. Based on its Gd3+ responsiveness of the constructed ion channel, we successfully developed an advanced multilevel information encryption application of the artificial solid nanochannel membrane. Furthermore, it is anticipated that a more effective encryption system will be built by utilizing the bionic ion channel system's ease of use and straightforward functionalization.

Fundamentals of Flexoelectricity, Materials and Emerging Opportunities Toward Strain-Driven Nanocatalysts.

Flexoelectricity, an intrinsic property observed in materials under nonuniform deformation, entails a coupling between polarization and strain gradients. Recent catalyst advancements have reignited interest in flexoelectricity, particularly at the nanoscale, where pronounced strain gradients promote robust flexoelectric effects. This paper comprehensively examines flexoelectricity, encompassing methodologies for precise measurement, elucidating its distinctions from related phenomena, and exploring its potential applications in augmenting catalytic properties. So far, the greatest potentials are based on lead strontium titanate (PST) and other metallic titanates such as titania (TiO2), strontium titanate (STO), barium strontium titanate (BST) sulfates (MoS2, ZnS)and halide perovskites (with archetype XPbI3). This review explores the promise of flexoelectric properties in addressing material and photocatalytic challenges, such as charge carrier recombination and ineffective surface charge separation. Additionally, it sheds light on the synergy with emerging paradigms like photo-flexo catalysis and synergistic flexo-piezo catalysis, specifically focusing on selective chemical transformations like green hydrogen production. Current limitations related to the usage of photoflexoelectricity for photocatalysis are mostly the stability of the used substance (susceptibility to photodegradation) or the voltage values, which represent the inferior potential for specific practical applications. This work underscores the indispensable role of flexoelectricity in catalysisand its capacity to steer future researchand technological advancement.

Molecular Chain Rearrangement of Natural Cellulose-based Artificial Interphase for Ultra-stable Zn Metal Anodes.

The unstable electrolyte-anode interface, plagued by parasitic side reactions and uncontrollable dendrite growth, severely hampers the practical implementation of aqueous zinc-ion batteries. To address these challenges, we developed a regenerated cellulose-based artificial interphase with synergistically optimized structure and surface chemistry on the Zn anode (RC@Zn), using a facile molecular chain rearrangement strategy. This RC interphase features a drastically increased amorphous region and more exposed active hydroxyl groups, facilitating rapid Zn2+ diffusionand homogeneous Zn2+ interface distribution, thereby enabling dendrite-free Zn deposition. Additionally, the compact texture and abundant negatively charged surface of the RC interphase effectively shield water molecules and harmful anions, completely preventing H2 evolution and Zn corrosion. The superior mechanical strength and adhesion of the RC interphase also accommodate the substantial volume changes of Zn anodes even under deep cycling conditions. Consequently,the RC@Zn electrode demonstrates an outstanding cycling lifespan of over 8000 hours at a high current density of 10 mA cm-2. Significantly, the electrode maintains stable cycling even at a 90% depth of discharge and ensures stable operation of full cells with a low negative/positive capacity ratio of 1.6. This study provides new solution to construct highly stable and deep cycling Zn metal anodes through interface engineering.

Atmospheric pressure plasma jet deposition of TiO2 layer on alumina/epoxy to improve electrical properties

Abstract In gas-insulated lines, basin-insulators can accumulate charge under non-uniform electric fields, distorting the field distribution and potentially causing surface flashover, which threatens the stability of power systems. In this study, Atmospheric Pressure Plasma Jet (APPJ) technology was used to deposit TiO2 on the surface of alumina/epoxy (Al2O3/EP) composites. The impact of deposition of TiO2 layer on the surface morphology and chemical composition of Al2O3/EP was studied using testing methods such as Scanning Electron Microscope, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer, and Energy Dispersive Spectrometer. It was found that APPJ creates a dense, rough Ti-O layer on the Al2O3/EP surface, which bonds tightly with the substrate. The efficacy of APPJ was found to depend on processing time, with optimal results observed at 3 min, DC and AC flashover voltages increased by 29.6% and 15.7%, respectively. TiO2 layer enhances the conductivity of the resin and shallows trap levels. Through the synergistic effects of various factors, surface charges are efficiently dissipated and evenly distributed. This study not only reveals the physicochemical process of TiO2 deposition via APPJ but also integrates surface characteristics with electrical performance. The findings offer a new strategy to enhance surface flashover voltage and ensure equipment safety.

Chitosan-Based Nanoformulations: Preclinical Investigations, Theranostic Advancements, and Clinical Trial Prospects for Targeting Diverse Pathologies.

Chitosan, a biocompatible and biodegradable polymer, has attracted significant interest in the development of nanoformulations for targeted drug delivery and therapeutic applications. The versatility of chitosan lies in its modifiable functional groups, which can be tailored to diverse applications. Nanoparticles derived from chitosan and its derivatives typically exhibit a positive surface charge and mucoadhesive properties, enabling them to adhere to negatively charged biological membranes and gradually release therapeutic agents. This comprehensive review investigates the manifold roles of chitosan-based nanocarriers, ranging from preclinical research to theranostic applications and clinical trials, across a spectrum of diseases, including neurological disorders, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, wound healing, gastrointestinal disorders, and pulmonary diseases. The exploration starts with an overview of preclinical studies, emphasizing the potential of chitosan-based nanoformulations in optimizing drug delivery, improving therapeutic outcomes, and mitigating adverse effects in various disease categories. Advancements in theranostic applications of chitosan-based nanoformulations highlight their adaptability to diverse diseases. As these nanoformulations progress toward clinical translation, this review also addresses the regulatory challenges associated with their development and proposes potential solutions.

Interface Energy‐Level Reorganization for Efficient Perovskite γ‐Ray Detectors

AbstractMetal halide perovskites are promising candidates for gamma‐ray (γ‐ray) spectrum detectors. However, achieving high‐resolution energy spectra in single‐photon pulse‐height analysis mode remains challenging, due to the inevitable leakage currents degrade the recognizable fingerprint energies which is critical for resolving γ‐ray spectroscopy. We demonstrate under high bias voltage, a deficient contact barrier can lead to excessive surface charge injection, thereby increasing leakage current from electrodes to perovskites. Hence, we conceive to employ surface ligand engineering on perovskite single crystals to manipulate energy levels to suppress leakage current. In particular, anchoring a strong dipole ligand onto the perovskite induced surface charge‐density displacement, leading to a downward band bending and heightened the corresponding contact barrier. Consequently, the strategy minimized the detectors’ leakage current by an order of magnitude, to as low as 44 nA cm−2 at −100 V. The resulting detectors show a significant improvement in energy resolution, 3.9 % for 22Na 511 keV γ‐rays has been achieved at room temperature. The resulting detector further resolves each fingerprint energy for 152Eu γ‐spectrum, representing one of the best γ‐rays perovskite detectors reported to date. Moreover, the detectors exhibited stabilized energy resolution without any degradation under a continuous electric field (1,000 V cm−1) for over 300 minutes, representing the longest longevity reported to date.

Exploring the Nexus Between Emulsifier Characteristics and Salmonella Typhimurium Viability in Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions

ABSTRACTMolecular characteristics of emulsifiers such as their molecular weight (MW) and surface charge, not only affect the stability of the emulsion but also can have an impact on its capacity to either inhibit or promote microbial proliferation. These characteristics can affect the behavior of pathogens such as Salmonella Typhimurium in emulsion systems. The growth and thermal resistance of S. Typhimurium were monitored at different oil content levels (20%, 40%, and 60%) in emulsions stabilized by three whey protein‐based emulsifiers: whey protein isolate (WPI), whey protein hydrolysate (WPH), and a modified WPI with an alteration of charge (WPI+). Our study revealed that emulsifier itself with different MW and surface charge had no effect on bacterial growth and inactivation without oil inclusion (p > 0.05). However, it was found that higher bacterial growth rate at 60% oil content emulsion stabilized with WPI+ (0.65 ± 0.03 log CFU/h) than WPI (0.19 ± 0.04 log CFU/h), which showed the charge of emulsifiers has different effects on microbial dynamics in oil‐in‐water emulsion. Interestingly, WPI+ in emulsions also seemed to convey protection against thermal inactivation of bacteria. These data describe a complex interrelationship between the physicochemical characteristics of the emulsifier and its interacting nature with bacterial cells. They throw even more light on the insight about the importance of a strategic approach toward emulsifier selection in food formulations. This is crucial for the food safety and stability of products.

Controllable P-type doping and improved conductance of few-layer WSe2 via Lewis acid.

Manipulation of the electronic properties of layered transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is of fundamental significance for a wide range of electronic and optoelectronic applications. Surface charge transfer doping is considered to be a powerful technique to regulate the carrier density of TMDs. Herein, the controllable p-type surface modification of few-layer WSe2 by FeCl3 Lewis acid with different doping concentrations have been achieved. Effective hole doping of WSe2 has been demonstrated using Raman spectra and XPS. Transport properties indicated the p-type FeCl3 surface functionalization significantly increased the hole concentration with 1.2×1013 cm-2, resulting in 6 orders of magnitude improvement for the conductance of FeCl3-modified WSe2 compared with pristine WSe2. This work provides a promising approach and facilitate the further advancement of TMDs in electronic and optoelectronic applications.&#xD.

Osteoblast Growth in Quaternized Silicon Carbon Nitride Coatings for Dental Implants

The demand for dental implants has increased, establishing them as the standard of care for replacing missing teeth. Several factors contribute to the success or failure of an implant post-placement. Modifications to implant surfaces can enhance the biological interactions between bone cells and the implant, promoting better outcomes. Surface coatings have been developed to electrochemically alter implant surfaces, aiming to reduce healing time, enhance bone growth, and prevent bacterial adhesion. Quaternized silicon carbon nitride (QSiCN) is a novel material with unique electrochemical and biological properties. This study aimed to assess the influence of QSiCN, silicon carbide nitride (SiCN), and silicon carbide (SiC) coatings on the viability of osteoblast cells on nanostructured titanium surfaces. The experiment utilized thirty-two titanium sheets with anodized TiO2 nanotubes featuring nanotube diameters of 50 nm and 150 nm. These sheets were divided into eight groups (n = 4): QSiCN-coated 50 nm, QSiCN-coated 150 nm, SiCN-coated 50 nm, SiCN-coated 150 nm, SiC-coated 50 nm, SiC-coated 150 nm, non-coated 50 nm, and non-coated 150 nm. Preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 Subclone 4 cells (ATCC, USA) were used to evaluate osteoblast viability. After three days of cell growth, samples were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results indicated that QSiCN coatings significantly increased osteoblast proliferation (p < 0.005) compared to other groups. The enhanced cell adhesion observed with QSiCN coatings is likely due to the positive surface charge imparted by N+.

High-Performance Triboelectric Nanogenerator Based on Silk Fibroin-MXene Composite Film for Diagnosing Insomnia Symptoms.

In this study, we developed a flexible, biocompatible, and high-output electrical performance triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) employing a silk fibroin (SF)-MXene composite film (SF-MXene-F) and a PDMS film as the friction layer. The inclusion of MXene in the SF film increased its surface charge density, presenting a practical approach to designing high-performance SF composite film-based TENGs. At a MXene content of 40%, our SF-MXene composite film-based TENG (SF-MXene-FTENG) achieved optimal output electrical performance, featuring a maximum open-circuit voltage (Voc) of 418 V, a maximum short-circuit current (Isc) of 11.6 μA, and a maximum output power density of 9.92 W/m2. The Voc and power densities of the SF-MXene-FTENG surpassed previously reported optimal values for SF-based TENGs by 1.6 and 3.8 times, respectively. Furthermore, leveraging the exceptional biocompatibility and light shading performance of TENGs, we designed a wearable smart TENG eye mask capable of diagnosing insomnia symptoms and monitoring sleep quality in real time. The SF-MXene-FTENG holds promising application potential as a wearable electronic device for diagnosing sleep-related diseases.

Application of Nano Bubble Aeration Technology in Domestic Wastewater Treatment: Optimization of Gas Flow and Reaction Time

Nano bubble aeration is an emerging technology with significant potential in wastewater treatment, particularly for removing suspended solids and organic matter. This study investigates the application of nano bubble aeration in the treatment of domestic wastewater, focusing on the reduction of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS). Nano bubbles, with diameters ranging from tens of nanometers to a few micrometers, exhibit slower rising velocities and prolonged stability in water due to their negatively charged surfaces. Various nano bubble air flow rates were tested over 90-minute intervals to determine the optimal treatment conditions. The results indicate that a flow rate of 2 liters per minute achieves the highest treatment efficiency, reducing COD by 84.73% and TSS by 77.51%. Increasing the flow rate beyond this level showed minimal improvement, demonstrating that 2 liters per minute is the optimal flow rate for efficient wastewater treatment using nano bubble aeration. This research highlights the advantages of nano bubble technology in enhancing the treatment efficiency of suspended solids and organic matter in wastewater.

Performance of Single Nanopore and Multi-Pore Membranes for Blue Energy.

The salinity gradient power extracted from the mixing of electrolyte solutions at different concentrations through selective nanoporous membranes is a promising route to renewable energy. However, several challenges need to be addressed to make this technology profitable, one of the most relevant being the increase of the extractable power per membrane area. Here, the performance of asymmetric conical and bullet-shaped nanopores in a 50 nm thick membrane are studied via electrohydrodynamic simulations, varying the pore radius, curvature, and surface charge. The output power reaches ~60 pW per pore for positively charged membranes (surface charge σw=160 mC/m2) and ~30 pW for negatively charges ones, σw=-160 mC/m2 and it is robust to minor variations of nanopore shape and radius. A theoretical argument that takes into account the interaction among neighbour pores allows to extrapolate the single-pore performance to multi-pore membranes showing that power densities from tens to hundreds of W/m2 can be reached by proper tuning of the nanopore number density and the boundary layer thickness. Our model for scaling single-pore performance to multi-pore membrane can be applied also to experimental data providing a simple tool to effectively compare different nanopore membranes in blue energy applications.

Nanofluidic Lab-On-A-Chip Systems for Biosensing in Healthcare.

Biosensing plays a vital role in healthcare monitoring, disease detection, and treatment planning. In recent years, nanofluidic technology has been increasingly explored to be developed into lab-on-a-chip biosensing systems. Given now the possibility of fabricating geometrically defined nanometric channels that are commensurate with the size of many biomolecules, nanofluidic-based devices are likely to become a key technology for the analysis of various clinical biomarkers, including DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and proteins in liquid biopsies. This review summarizes the fundamentals and technological advances of nanofluidics from the purview of single-molecule analysis, detection of low-abundance molecules, and single-cell analysis at the subcellular level. The extreme confinement and dominant surface charge effects in nanochannels provide unique advantages to nanofluidic devices for the manipulation and transport of target biomarkers. When coupled to a microfluidic network to facilitate sample introduction, integrated micro-nanofluidic biosensing devices are proving to be more sensitive and specific in molecular analysis compared to conventional assays in many cases. Based on recent progress in nanofluidics and current clinical trends, the review concludes with a discussion of near-term challenges and future directions for the development of nanofluidic-based biosensing systems toward enabling a new wave of lab-on-a-chip technology for personalized and preventive medicine.

Surface flashover in 50 years: II. Material modification, structure optimisation, and characteristics enhancement

AbstractSurface flashover is a gas–solid interface insulation failure that significantly jeopardises the secure operation of advanced electronic, electrical, and spacecraft applications. Despite the widespread application of numerous material modification and structure optimisation technologies aimed at enhancing surface flashover performance, the influence mechanisms of the present technologies have yet to be systematically discussed and summarised. This review aims to introduce various material modification technologies while demonstrating their influence mechanisms on flashover performances by establishing relationships among ‘microscopic structure‐mesoscopic charge transport‐macroscopic insulation failure’. Moreover, it elucidates the effects of chemical structure on surface trap parameters and surface charge transport concerning flashover performance. The review categorises and presents structure optimisation technologies that govern electric field distribution. All identified technologies highlight that achieving a uniform tangential electric field and reducing the normal electric field can effectively enhance flashover performance. Finally, this review proposes recommendations encompassing mathematical, chemical, evaluation, and manufacturing technologies. This systematic summary of current technologies, their influence mechanisms, and associated advantages and disadvantages in improving surface insulation performance is anticipated to be a pivotal component in flashover and future dielectric theory.

Antibacterial and Photocatalytic Applications of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized from Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus

The biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) presents an innovative and sustainable approach in nanotechnology with promising applications in fields such as medicine, food safety, and pharmacology. In this study, AgNPs were successfully synthesized using the probiotic strain Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (BCRC16000), addressing challenges related to stability, biocompatibility, and scalability that are common in conventional nanoparticle production methods. The formation of AgNPs was indicated by a color change from yellow to brown, and UV–visible spectrophotometry confirmed their presence with a characteristic absorption peak at 443 nm. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy revealed the involvement of biomolecules in reducing silver ions, which suggests their role in stabilizing the nanoparticles. In addition, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) showed significant morphological and structural changes. At the same time, dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential analyses provided valuable insights such as average size (199.7 nm), distribution, and stability, reporting a polydispersity index of 0.239 and a surface charge of −36.3 mV. Notably, the AgNPs demonstrated strong antibacterial activity and photocatalytic efficiency, underscoring their potential for environmental and biomedical applications. Therefore, this study highlights the effectiveness of Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus in the biosynthesis of AgNPs, offering valuable antibacterial and photocatalytic properties with significant industrial and scientific implications.

Charge Modulation at the Liquid Crystal Droplet-Aqueous Interface Enables Ultrasensitive, Nonspecific Protein Detection.

Thermotropic nematic liquid crystals (LC) have been utilized to sense/detect various analytes such as polymers, surfactants, lipids, etc. However, their use for protein detection depends on pre-adsorbed molecules, co-nematogens, or biomolecular agents for specificity.This approach impedes the platform's sensitivity with a detection limit for the folded proteins generally reported in the micromolar concentration range. Here, this work provides fundamental insights into the type of molecular interactions and their modulation that can drive ultrasensitive protein detection at an LC microdroplet/aqueous interface formed without adding an auxiliary co-nematogen. Using ultraviolet (UV) light treated 4-cyano-4'-pentylbiphenyl (5CB) LC and a flow-focused microfluidic device, we prepared different populations of monodisperse and highly negatively charged microdroplets in water. Adding an aqueous solution of various model proteins(α-synuclein, α-chymotrypsin, myoglobin, or bovine serum albumin, BSA) with different secondary structures and surface charges triggers a rapid radial- to bipolar-defect transition in these microdroplets. Isothermal titration calorimetry measurement and molecular dynamic simulation studies attribute this to the dominant electrostatic force-mediated adsorption of proteins at the LC/aqueous interface.Further, bioconjugation-based variation of protein surface charge allows tuning their detection limit.These findings can provide crucial physical cues for designing responsive LC systems and establishing a foundation for developing versatile, molecularly tailored, and highly specific biomolecular detection platforms.

Unveiling trends in migration of iron-based nanoparticles in saturated porous media

Nanoscale zero-valent iron (nZVI) particles are routinely used for environmental remediation, but their transport dynamics in different settings remain unclear, hindering optimization. This study introduces a novel approach to predicting nZVI transport in saturated porous model environment. The method employs advanced long column devices for real-time monitoring via controlled magnetic susceptibility measurements. Numerical modeling with a modified version of the MNMs 2023 software was then used to predict nZVI and its derivatives mobility in field-like conditions, offering insights into the radius of influence (ROI) and shape factor (SF) of their distribution. A standard nZVI precursor was compared with its four major commercial derivatives: nitrided, polyacrylic acid-coated, oxide-passivated, and sulfidated nZVI. All these iron-based nanoparticles exhibited identical particle sizes, morphologies, surface areas, and phase compositions, isolating surface properties, dominated by charge, as the sole variable affecting their mobility. The study revealed optimal transport when the surface charge of nZVI and its derivatives was strongly negative, while rapid aggregation of nZVI derivatives due magnetic attraction reduced their mobility. Modeling predictions based on column scale-up, indicated that detectable concentrations of 20 g L⁻1 were found at distances ranging from 0.4 to 1.1 m from the injection well. Slightly sulfidated nZVI traveled farther than the nZVI precursor and ensured more homogenous particle distribution around the well. Organically modified nZVI migrated the longest distances but showed particle accumulation close to the injection point. The findings suggest that minimal sulfidation combined with organic modification of nZVI surfaces may effectively enhance radial and vertical nZVI distribution in aquifers. Such improvements increase the commercial viability of modified nZVI, reduce their adverse impacts, and boosts their practical applications in real-world scenarios.

Surface charge characteristics of Gaomiaozi bentonite in high-level nuclear waste repositories

Gaomiaozi (GMZ) bentonite is an excellent backfill material for high-level nuclear waste repositories. The bentonite minerals possess a laminated structure and carry a negative charge. These surface charge characteristics play a crucial role in the development of the electric double layer at the liquid-solid interface and the adsorption of nuclear elements during the hydration process. Following the purification of GMZ bentonite, the surface electric potential of bentonite mineral colloids in suspension and compacted bentonite blocks was measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Additionally, the influence of various factors on its surface charge characteristics was examined, including the types of interlayer cations, ambient temperature, number of layers, and dry density. The findings reveal that at 20 °C, the surface electric potential of Na-bentonite quasicrystals averages around −225.2mV, while that of Ca-bentonite quasicrystals averages approximately −155.3mV. Additionally, the surface electric potential increases logarithmically with the number of layers. In the compacted state, its surface potential would decrease. An increase in the dry density of compacted bentonite results in a decrease in the surface electric potential. High ambient temperatures can increase the surface electric potential. The research findings offer valuable data and a theoretical foundation for predicting colloid formation, nuclear element adsorption, and swelling pressure development in bentonites used in high-level nuclear waste repositories.

Analytical solution of the Sommerfeld–Page equation

The Sommerfeld–Page equation describes the non-relativistic dynamics of a classical electron modeled by a sphere of finite size with a uniform surface charge density. It is a delay differential equation, and almost no exact solution of this equation was known until recently. However, progress has been made, and an analytical solution was recently found for an almost identical delay differential equation, which arose in the context of the mathematical modeling of the COVID-19 epidemics. Inspired by this research, we offer a pedagogical exposition of how one can find an analytical solution of the Sommerfeld–Page equation.

Identification of the degree of aging and adsorption behaviors of the naturally aged microplastics

Microplastics (MPs) inevitably experienced various aging processes in nature may exhibit varied and complex interfacial interactions with adjacent species. Therefore, clarifying the possible interfacial interactions between naturally aged MPs and organic pollutants is of great significance to assess the actual behaviors of MPs in the environment. Here several plastic packaging materials after use were employed as the raw materials and representatives of naturally aged MPs, the alteration of surface characteristics, especially the degree of aging and the adsorption properties of MPs for anionic and cationic dyes were investigated. The types and the degree of aging of MPs were identified, and the variation of oxygen-containing functional groups (carbonyl, hydroxyl, and ester groups), the hydrophilicity and surface charge character were characterized. The fitting results of kinetics and isotherm models indicated that the adsorption was mainly multi-layer on heterogeneous surfaces, with hydrogen bonding, electrostatic attraction, polar interaction, and hydrophobic partitioning possibly involving. The hydrogen bond interaction was further confirmed by FTIR spectra. The increased temperature promoted the adsorption of cationic dyes on MPs, and the increased salinity of the solution enhanced the uptake of most of the tested dyes by MPs. This research deepened the understanding on the aging degree of MPs and their interfacial interactions with hydrophilic pollutants, and provided vital information for MPs as pollutant carriers.