Characters Of Representations Research Articles

The Legal Consequences Of Digital Communication Language: Nigerian Law In Focus

The use of pictorial as well as character representations in online communications has become the acceptable norm. As some of these representations, referred to as emoticons, emoji, GIFs, Stickers, memes, pictures and such like are gaining recognition, so is the contention as to their legal consequences. Although, no certain and defined field of law has emerged to analyse or define in a systemic manner and with adequacy the legal implication of each form of such communication, emerging juristic principles have signified the readiness of the courts to treat them as creating legal consequences. Utilising the doctrinal approach, this paper considers the legal issues that may arise in their use within the context of the Nigerian legal system. By assessing judicial pronouncements in other jurisdictions, the paper makes suggestions on how to effectively deal with legal issues that may arise in relation to their use in Nigeria.

Social support and prosocial behavior in Chinese college students during the COVID-19 outbreak: a moderated mediation model of positive affect and parental care.

Prosocial behavior (PSB) plays a critical role in everyday society, especially during the pandemic of COVID-19. Understanding the underlying mechanism will provide insight and advance its implementation. According to the theory of PSB, social interaction, family and individual characters all contribute to its development. The current study aimed to investigate the influencing factor of PSB among Chinese college students during COVID-19 outbreak. This is an attempt to understand the mechanism of PSB and to provide a reference for the formulation of policies aimed at promoting healthy collaborative relationships for college students. The online questionnaire was administered to 664 college students from 29 provinces of China via Credamo platform. There were 332 medical students and 332 non-medical students aged between 18 and 25 included for final study. The mediating role of positive emotion/affect (PA) and the moderating role of parental care in the association between social support and PSB during the pandemic of COVID-19 was explored by using Social Support Rate Scale (SSRS), Prosocial Tendencies Measurement Scale (PTM), The Positive and Negative Affect (PANAS), as well as Parental Bonding Instrument (PBI). The process macro model of SPSS was adopted for mediating and moderating analysis. The results showed that social support positively predicted PSB among Chinese college students, even after adding PA as a mediation variable. PA during COVID-19 mediated the association between social support and PSB. PSB also revealed as a predictor of PA by regression analysis. Moreover, the moderating effect of parental care in the relationship between PA and PSB was detected. PA under stress acts as a mediator between social support and PSB. This mediating effect was moderated by PC in childhood. In addition, PSB was observed to predict PA reversely. The promoting factors and path between the variables of PSB are complex and need to be explored extensively. The underlying factors and process should be further investigated for the development of intervention plans.

Representation of Fictional Characters with Disabilities in Selected Crime Novels of Oͅládèͅjoͅ Òkédìjí

Scholars of Yorùbá literary criticism have not done much in the area of disability studies; therefore, there is a paucity of critical works on the representation of people with disability in Yorùbá novels. This study intended to fill the gap. The objectives of the study, therefore, were to examine the representation of fictional characters with disabilities in Oͅládèͅjoͅ Òkédìjí’s crime novels particularly Bínú ti rí and Àgbàlagbà Akàn; assess the message of the novelist, and the implications of those representations for the society within the social and charity models of disability theory. The findings of the study showed that Òkédìjí represents the blind and cognitively impaired persons in a positive manner through his modes of projected characterization. He identifies with the plights of a person with a disability, they are mostly victims of poverty, hunger, and crimes in the Post-colonial Nigerian society; and treats all the fictional characters with dignity and honor in line with Yorùbá thoughts and beliefs. Òkédìjí rejects through his characterization technique and use of proverbs, the insidious kind of social categorization and stigmatization that carry with it a ‘devalued status’ for disabled people prevalent in the modern time as against the Yorùbá culture which regards those living with disability as ‘Eͅni-Òrìsà’ (offspring of the deity). The paper concluded that the message of the novelist about people with disabilities is that disability is not an element of inability; there is ability in disability if society projects a positive image of people with disabilities.

Disrupting the self: script development within the academy

ABSTRACT Screenwriting within the Academy creates opportunities for female writers to question and challenge traditional and industrial approaches to script development. The two writer-researchers use critical conversation as a form of collaborative reflection to examine how personal experiences inform their script development processes. Situating the creative practice within the context of research reveals how the reflexive approach to script development can unearth broader concerns regarding agency and representations of female characters on screen. Sue Cake identifies how writing narrative comedy became an act of disruption against the neoliberal corporatisation of education. A kind of self-disruption occurred as the insights gained from parodying powerful emotional experiences led to a transformative shift in her perspective of those experiences. For Louise Sawtell, reflecting on key memories and experiences prompted her to develop female-driven narratives that expand the scope of representation for under-represented female protagonists. She weaves memory and imagination together to innovate the form and structure of an anthology film. This article argues that the Academy is a critical site for female screenwriting researchers to explore and disrupt dominant script development practices.

Spaces of states of the two-dimensional $O(n)$ and Potts models

We determine the spaces of states of the two-dimensional O(n)O(n) and QQ-state Potts models with generic parameters n,Q\in \mathbb{C}n,Q∈ℂ as representations of their known symmetry algebras. While the relevant representations of the conformal algebra were recently worked out, it remained to determine the action of the global symmetry groups: the orthogonal group for the O(n)O(n) model, and the symmetric group S_QSQ for the QQ-state Potts model. We do this by two independent methods. First we compute the twisted torus partition functions of the models at criticality. The twist in question is the insertion of a group element along one cycle of the torus: this breaks modular invariance, but allows the partition function to have a unique decomposition into characters of irreducible representations of the global symmetry group. Our second method reduces the problem to determining branching rules of certain diagram algebras. For the O(n)O(n) model, we decompose representations of the Brauer algebra into representations of its unoriented Jones-Temperley-Lieb subalgebra. For the QQ-state Potts model, we decompose representations of the partition algebra into representations of the appropriate subalgebra. We find explicit expressions for these decompositions as sums over certain sets of diagrams, and over standard Young tableaux. We check that both methods agree in many cases. Moreover, our spaces of states are consistent with recent bootstrap results on four-point functions of the corresponding CFTs.

Distance and adjacency spectra and eigenspaces for three (di)graph lifts: A unified approach

By the induced character theory, we first establish the irreducible decomposition of a permutation representation. Then, using it as a unified tool, we derive a decomposition formula for the distance spectrum and eigenspace of a regular lift of a graph, the adjacency spectra and eigenspaces of a relative lift and a ramified uniform lift of a digraph. The latter results are a complement of Dalfó et al. (2021) [6] and Deng et al. (2007) [8].

Prozodezhda as costume: The function of dress and the actor on Meyerhold’s stage

Prozodezhda, or ‘production clothing’, arose in the early Soviet Union amid the post-1917 enthronement of the proletariat as the Soviet nation’s hero. Loose and practical clothing that evokes the dress of labourers, it found traction in the theatre, where Vsevolod Meyerhold famously used prozodezhda in his constructivist productions The Magnanimous Cuckold, of 1922, and The Death of Tarelkin, also of 1922. Prozodezhda as costume, because of its functionality, easily lends itself to an ideological reading in line with the socialist avant-garde’s post-revolutionary efforts to embrace Soviet principles. But an emphasis on the ideological significance of prozodezhda often occludes careful investigation of its aesthetic function and heritage, including its place in modernist costume history. Prozodezhda was very much a new and radical form of costume in line with other modernist experiments, but it seems to facilitate attention to the physical and expressive skills of the performer, rather than to treat the actor as an obstacle that must be concealed, constrained or inhibited. It thus challenges narratives of modernist fragmentation of the human, or it even attempts to overcome this fragmentation in itself by restoring to a modernist aesthetics the possibility of movement that celebrates the wholeness of the human body. It further joins in the modernist resistance to naturalism, character and figural representation, but it does so, curiously, through mimetic reference to the Soviet labourer. My argument relies on analysis of production and costume design images, as well as of primary writings by Meyerhold and his collaborators, by costume designers and by poet and costume theorist Mikhail Kuzmin. I show that prozodezhda draws attention to the fundamental question of the purpose of acting, a question that is particularly potent given the political stakes of theatre in the early Soviet era.

Gender Representations in Social Studies Textbooks at Grade Three and Four

This study explored the gender roles of text characters and the messages given at grade three and four social studies textbooks of the community school of Nepal.The study further explored the gender representations of text characters in the textbooks through exploratory qualitative method; the verbal data noted from the textbooks were analysed through content analysis. The textbooks of grade three and four social studies were purposively selected because they have recently been reconstructed. The major findings are that the textbooks are the depiction of patriarchal traditionalgender bias mind-sets and the dominance of men over women. Men and women are portrayed in traditional gender bias occupations: strong, prestigious, intelligent and leading works are provided to male characters, and weak, subsidiary, subordinate, less prestigious and household chores are determined to women in the textbooks. The male-dominated family structures portrayed in the textbooks may not eliminate gender inequality, and reinforce male-dominated society in Nepal. Curriculum designers and textbook writers must reconsider the equal gender representations in the children’s textbooks to construct a positive effect on children’s gender perceptions while revising and/or producing new textbooks in future.

Deciphering Lesbian Relationships, Marriage and Homophobia in Abha Dawesar’s Babyji

Abha Dawesar’s famous novel Babyji is a real kaleidoscope of themes that touch on political tensions, caste and class issues, school atmosphere, urban life, abuse, marriage, and Indianness, all interlaced with a lesbian story of a sixteen-year-old girl. Published in 2005, the period where in India, homosexuality was still under the veils of criminalization. This essay will analyse the representation of the main character, her early lesbian relationships in adolescence, the experiences of other characters in marriage, and how straight people feel about non-heterosexuality in relation to the chosen literary stance. This article is an effort to critically examine the portrayal of lesbian identity by Dawesar which is far from the theoretical and fictional implications of other Indian as well as Indian diasporic writers. It tries to shed light on the author’s intention to re-examine the societal norms, stratification, class distinction and other factors that press women’s independence, especially their sexual autonomy.

The future-oriented franchise: Instituting temporal electoral circles

In representative democracies, the absence of responsiveness by elected officials to the interests of the represented often generates problems of legitimacy, accountability and effectiveness. However, responsiveness also tends to narrow the time horizons of democratic decision-making and promote short-termism. This paper advances the notion that responsiveness to interests involving distant time horizons is possible by reconfiguring the franchise in a time-sensitive and future-oriented way. It is divided into two parts. The first pinpoints a few inconsistencies in the available proposals for making responsiveness and the long term compatible (e.g., promoting youth turnout, narrowing the franchise to robust epistemic fitness, establishing future-oriented institutions). The second advances the creation of temporal electoral circles operating alongside territorial electoral circles in order to prompt responsiveness to multitemporal interests. The conclusion asserts that this kind of franchise design is the best available option for introducing temporal aspects into the character of democratic representation.

“THE UNDYING HABIT OF FEAR”: THE PRESENCE OF THE GOTHIC IN GEORGE ELIOT’S NOVEL ROMOLA

This paper proposes an analysis of George Eliot’s 1862 novel Romola so as to demonstrate that it makes use of gothic conventions. We argue that there are several elements in Eliot’s fourth novel that could be read from the perspective of gothic studies, such as language, setting, symbols, imagery and character representation. We focus our analysis on two of these elements. We look first at the imagery which appears in some crucial moments of the narrative to observe how a web of gothic images emerges in these moments. After that, we look at the characterisation of Romola in order to identify traits that are common in gothic heroines. We rely mainly on the studies of Mahawatte (2013) for our understanding of how the gothic appears in Eliot’s novel and on the research of Garrett (1969), who identifies in Eliot’s novel an innovative use of scenes and symbols. In the end, we hope to demonstrate how the gothic emerges in certain moments of the narrative and shapes some of the protagonist's characterisation as well as her relationship with fear and anxiety.

How the fictional representation of historical characters can serve to justify historical events and actions: Tipu Sultan’s Tiger

ABSTRACT This paper is a comparative analysis of three nineteenth-century British novels – The Surgeon’s Daughter (1827) by Walter Scott; Tippoo Sultan: A Tale of the Mysore War (1840) by Philip Meadows Taylor; and The Tiger of Mysore (1895) by G.A. Henty – all of which feature Tipu Sultan, the Muslim ruler of the south Indian kingdom of Mysore, who used the tiger as his personal emblem, and was killed by the British and their allies on 4 May 1799. Previous scholarship on Tipu has mainly focused on the rationale behind his adoption of the tiger as his personal insignia which, among other things, stood for his fierce independence and military acumen. However, there is little discussion of the representation of Tipu’s tiger as an emblem in the literary tradition of the colonial power at that time or as an implied justification of its political ventures in the south of India reflected in the novels written after his death. This paper argues that these British novels subvert the emblematic significance of Tipu’s tiger through the use of tiger imagery, whose main thrust is to synonymize the savagery of the Indian tiger with the rulership of Tipu. To damage Tipu’s legacy, the tiger is portrayed both as formidable, with a morbid thirst for blood, and as vulnerable and weak. The study focuses on these variations, and suggests that Tipu’s fluctuating fictional images are influenced by the shifting British attitudes towards the Sultan during different periods of the East India Company’s rule. These novels were statements within the larger discourse of colonization whose enunciative context contributed to the process that reinforced Tipu’s status as a distinct menace to be solved by the colonial conquest.

Building a Timeline for LGBTQ+ Global Cinemas (1910–2019): Movie Production Trends from a Collaborative Internet Cinema Database

Building a Timeline for LGBTQ+ Global Cinemas (1910–2019): Movie Production Trends from a Collaborative Internet Cinema Database

Role of Misconceptions and Miscommunications in Theatrical Characters: Analyzing Speech Acts in the Namibian Plays

The current study examines the misconceptions and misunderstandings in the speech acts of the characters within three Namibian plays, namely The Oracle of Cidino written by Francis Nyathi, Checkmate by Maria Amakali, and The Bride and Broom penned by David Stone Ndjavera. Furthermore, this research examines the ways, which depict instances where characters’ speech acts lead to misconceptions and misunderstandings in the selected plays. Thereby, delving into these aspects, this study sheds light on the complexities of communication within the selected theatrical works. Moreover, this study examines the impact of miscommunication in discussions, which can culminate differences in understanding of speech acts between the speaker and the listener. The listener, however, is prone to a variety of emotional reactions, which arise from misunderstandings in a conversation - including feelings of joy, humor, embarrassment, regret or self-assumption, and impression of the speaker's utterance. The results of the enquiry evinced that the location-based actions performed by the characters in the three selected plays included declarative, interrogative, and imperative resources that are extracted from three Namibian plays. This is achieved by adopting a discourse analysis research approach, identifying, and explaining speech acts based on five classes of speech acts. Additionally, the current study is established on five functions of speech acts and on the other hand, the declarative statements proliferate the fewest of times since they require specified circumstances to be performed.

The Mathematician as Hero in Audio-Visual Media

Compared with fiction, audio-visual media both enhance opportunities and impose constraints on the representation of scientist characters. This is true both in depicting the inner life of scientists and in presenting credibly what they actually do when ‘doing science’. Mathematics is arguably the most non-visual and non-verbal of sciences, as the science lacks even the visual apparatus of chemistry. In addition, mathematical symbols and formulae are the most arcane to non-scientists. Thus, the problem for film-makers is the question of how to engage and maintain audience interest while presenting the mathematicians’ experience faithfully and avoiding ‘information dump’. In this article, we focus on the depiction of mathematicians in film, television, and recorded TED talks and the success (or otherwise) of their representation.

Mental Conflict and Character Construction in "Egosentris" by Syahid Muhammad

This research examines how hate speech affects individuals and constructs the character of all ages. To explain the negative consequences that internet connections today have on people's mental health, this literature study makes an effort to analyse the psychological standpoint from which Syahid Muhammad's character Fatih is written in the novel Egosentris. This study employed literary psychology and Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory to analyse character development and inner struggle based on Nurgiyantoro's character theory (2007). Literature often references psychoanalytic theory's id, ego, and superego. The analysis included separating, categorising, interpreting, inferring, and verifying for accuracy. According to the study, Fatih is an empathetic, honest, self-aware, and critical character in Egosentris. Although it was found that Fatih's personality occasionally exhibited negative traits including stubbornness, spite, and a bad temper. The internal conflict that Fatih was going through is described in this article as involving his anger, fear, dread, remorse, pressure, and resentment. He has become more tolerant and gregarious as a result of his encounters with this kind of mental suffering. The study's conclusions, which are based on a psychological assessment of Fatih's personality, are intended to decrease the frequency of damaging speech and raise awareness of the need of paying attention to people's mental health.

Improving Chinese Named Entity Recognition by Interactive Fusion of Contextual Representation and Glyph Representation

Named entity recognition (NER) is a fundamental task in natural language processing. In Chinese NER, additional resources such as lexicons, syntactic features and knowledge graphs are usually introduced to improve the recognition performance of the model. However, Chinese characters evolved from pictographs, and their glyphs contain rich semantic information, which is often ignored. Therefore, in order to make full use of the semantic information contained in Chinese character glyphs, we propose a Chinese NER model that combines character contextual representation and glyph representation, named CGR-NER (Character–Glyph Representation for NER). First, CGR-NER uses the large-scale pre-trained language model to dynamically generate contextual semantic representations of characters. Secondly, a hybrid neural network combining a three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3DCNN) and bi-directional long short-term memory network (BiLSTM) is designed to extract the semantic information contained in a Chinese character glyph, the potential word formation knowledge between adjacent glyphs and the contextual semantic and global dependency features of the glyph sequence. Thirdly, an interactive fusion method with a crossmodal attention and gate mechanism is proposed to fuse the contextual representation and glyph representation from different models dynamically. The experimental results show that our proposed model achieves 82.97% and 70.70% F1 scores on the OntoNotes 4 and Weibo datasets. Multiple ablation studies also verify the advantages and effectiveness of our proposed model.

Self-concept on @Nge.review Instagram Account as a Representation of User Character

This study describes the Instagram account @Nge.review as one of the bookstagram accounts. Bookstagrammers are Instagram users who are obsessed with physical books where the object is the object in every upload on Instagram. Like other bookstagram accounts, each of these accounts has tens of thousands of followers and hundreds of uploads and, each upload has tens of thousands of likes. As one of the bookstagrammers, the owner and user here has differences with other bookstagram account users in the form of uploaded photos, the contents of the reviewed book reviews and the contents of the Instagram features contained in the account. The researcher aims to find the self-concept and character behind the habits that are shown through the contents of the account. This study uses a qualitative approach. On data search using interview techniques, observation and research documentation. Based on the research that has been done, it shows that the user as well as the owner of the @Nge.review Instagram account has a smart and imaginative self. The characters found in the user’s account that is, have an open personality.Keywords: Self concept, representation, character, Instagram ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menjelaskan akun Instagram @Nge.review sebagai salah satu akun bookstagram. Bookstagrammer adalah para pengguna Instagram yang terobsesi dengan buku fisik yang dimana benda tersebut menjadi objek dalam setiap unggahan di Instagram. Layaknya akun bookstagram lainnya, akun Instagram memiliki pengikut puluhan ribu dan ratusan unggahan serta, setiap unggahan ada yang memiliki belasan ribu likes. Sebagai salah satu bookstagrammer, pemiliki sekaligus penggunanya disini memiliki perbedaan dengan pengguna akun bookstagram lain dalam bentuk foto unggahan, isi ulasan buku yang diresensi serta, isi dari fitur-fitur Instagram yang terdapat pada akun. Peneliti bertujuan untuk mencari konsep diri dan karakter di balik kebiasaan yang diperlihatkan melalui isi dari akun tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Pada pencarian data menggunakan teknik wawancara, observasi dan dokumentasi penelitian. Berdasarkan penelitian yang telah dilakukan menunjukkan hasil bahwa, pengguna sekaligus sebagai pemilik akun Instagram @Nge.review memiliki diri yang pintar dan imajinatif. Karakter yang ditemukan pada pengguna akun yaitu, memiliki pribadi yang terbuka. Kata Kunci: Konsep diri, representasi, karakter, Instagram

Gendered representations in Lebanese advertisements: flawless white femininity, heteronormative patriarchal masculinity, and the erasure of local diversity

ABSTRACT This study examines the representation of gender in Lebanese advertisements. By applying an intersectional feminist framework within a postcolonial country, the study examines the representation of men and women characters, the domestic or professional contexts in which they are situated, their ethnic and physiological traits, their apparent relationships and roles, and their power stances. The findings reveal differences in the pictures drawn of women and men, as advertisements render invisible many common characteristics of Lebanese society. The study concludes that advertisements in Lebanon are ageist and promote Eurocentric ideals that perpetuate the circulation of flawless white femininity and heteronormative patriarchal masculinity, thereby symbolically annihilating most of the population. Thus, gendered advertising in Lebanon offers a rich site for studying the interplay between local and global identities that produce hybrid identities structured by patriarchy, cultural imperialism, and capitalism.

Multi-task Label-wise Transformer for Chinese Named Entity Recognition

Benefiting from the improvement of positional encoding and the introduction of lexical knowledge, Transformer has achieved superior performance than the prevailing BiLSTM-based models in named entity recognition (NER) task. However, existing Transformer-based models for Chinese NER pay less attention to the information captured by the bottom layers of Transformer and the significance of representation subspace where each head of Transformer is projected. In this article, we propose M ulti- T ask L abel- W ise T ransformer (MTLWT). From a global perspective, we assign entity boundary prediction (EBP) and entity type prediction (ETP) tasks to the first two layers. In this way, we stimulate lower layers to participate more in constructing character representation. Besides, in each multi-head self-attention (MHSA) layer, we provide a specific focus for each individual head, making the head project into a significant subspace. Experiments on four datasets from different domains show that our proposed model achieves comparable performance with other state-of-the-art models. In particular, MTLWT outperforms the other frameworks without external knowledge on all the datasets.