Individual Character Research Articles

Ruang Lingkup PAI Kontemporer bagi Pembelajaran Mahasiswa PPG

Contemporary Islamic Education (PAI) plays a pivotal role in shaping the character, morality, and spirituality of individuals, particularly within the learning context for students of the Professional Teacher Education Program (PPG). In the contemporary era marked by globalization dynamics, technological advancements, and cultural pluralism, it is crucial for PPG students to comprehend and apply Islamic concepts within the evolving zeitgeist. The scope of contemporary PAI for PPG students encompasses various aspects, ranging from understanding the Quran and Hadith in modern life contexts to the utilization of technology in religious education. Additionally, topics such as Islamic ethics, character education, and Islamic-based classroom management are pivotal focuses in nurturing quality teaching professionalism. This abstract aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the contemporary PAI scope for PPG students and the significance of integrating Islamic values with the challenges and opportunities posed in modern education. Through a holistic and innovative approach, it is envisaged that PPG students can become agents of change, capable of inspiring future generations with relevant and inclusive Islamic values.

Increasing Offline Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Using Separated Pre-Training Models: A Computer Vision Approach

Offline handwritten Chinese character recognition involves the application of computer vision techniques to recognize individual handwritten Chinese characters. This technology has significantly advanced the research in online handwriting recognition. Despite its widespread application across various fields, offline recognition faces numerous challenges. These challenges include the diversity of glyphs resulting from different writers’ styles and habits, the vast number of Chinese character labels, and the presence of morphological similarities among characters. To address these challenges, an optimization method based on a separated pre-training model was proposed. The method aims to enhance the accuracy and robustness of recognizing similar character images by exploring potential correlations among them. In experiments, the HWDB and Chinese Calligraphy Styles by Calligraphers datasets were employed, utilizing precision, recall, and the Macro-F1 value as evaluation metrics. We employ a convolutional self-encoder model characterized by high recognition accuracy and robust performance. The experimental results demonstrated that the separated pre-training models improved the performance of the convolutional auto-encoder model, particularly in handling error-prone characters, resulting in an approximate 6% increase in precision.

The effects of ordered multistate morphological characters on phylogenetic analyses of eutherian mammals

Multistate morphological characters are routinely used in phylogenetic analyses. Individual multistate characters may be treated as linearly ordered, partially ordered, or unordered. Each option implies a hypothesis of character evolution, and significant debate surrounds the appropriateness of ordering multistate characters. Several previous analyses support ordering multistate morphological characters when the character states form a morphocline. Here, we explore the effects of ordering a subset of characters in the largest morphological character matrix that is available for placental mammals. All multistate characters were assessed and were ordered only if the character states were meristic or hypothesized to form a morphocline. We then performed parsimony analyses, with and without molecular scaffolds, to examine the effects of ordering on placental mammal phylogeny. We also performed pseudoextinction analyses, which treated designated extant taxa as extinct by eliminating them from the molecular scaffold and scoring soft-tissue characters as missing, to determine if ordered or unordered characters would more accurately reconstruct the relationships of pseudoextinct placental orders. Character ordering affected the placement of a variety of taxa in non-scaffolded analyses, but the effects were less evident in scaffolded analyses. Nevertheless, one of the islands of most parsimonious trees with the ordered data set and a scaffold for extant taxa supported the inclusion of Leptictida, including the Late Cretaceous Gypsonictops, inside of crown Placentalia. Our analyses rarely supported the monophyly of Tamirtheria, the Late Cretaceous-Paleogene stem-based clade that is hypothesized to be the sister to Placentalia. Pseudoextinction analyses using ordered and unordered characters both reconstructed 12 of 19 pseudoextinct orders in positions that are incongruent with a well-supported molecular scaffold. These results suggest that the use of ordered multistate characters does not increase the proportion of well-supported molecular clades that are reconstructed with the largest available phenomic data set for placental mammals.

Analisis Konflik Sosial Dalam Cerpen “Panggung Terakhir” Karya M Rosyid HW

Social conflict usually occurs because competition in the economic field, such as competition for resources or jobs, can cause conflict between competing groups. This research explains the forms, causes and impacts in the short story "Last Stage" by M Rasyid Hw. The objectives of this research are: (1) Describe the form of social conflict; (2) analyzing the causes of social conflict; and (3) explain the negative and positive impacts of social conflict. This research method uses qualitative descriptive methods and literature. The primary data source is the short story "Last Stage" and secondary data sources are articles and theoretical books. Data collection techniques use reading and note-taking techniques. Data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research are (1) a picture of social conflict in the form of arrogance, arrogance and nepotism; (2) the causes of social conflict are differences in individual character and differences in interests; (3) the negative impact of social conflict can lead to being hated by someone, the division of society, and a struggle for power.

Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Sebagai Pendidikan Karakter: Analisis Kritis Terhadap Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan di Indonesia

Citizenship education has been recognized as an important element in shaping the character of individuals and society. However, its implementation in Indonesia raises critical analysis. This paper explores various aspects of citizenship education in Indonesia, including curriculum, teaching methods, and evaluation. Critical analysis is carried out on its effectiveness in forming character, overcoming challenges, and improving the quality of democracy. Apart from that, aspects of inclusivity, diversity and relevance in the context of diverse societies in Indonesia are also paid attention to. The results of this analysis provide insight into the efforts needed to strengthen citizenship education as an inclusive and relevant character builder in the Indonesian context.

Advanced imaging to recover illegible text in historic documents. The challenge of past chemical treatments for ink enhancement

From fires to floods, from invisible inks to redactions, information has been accidentally or intentionally obscured on countless documents, maps and photographs, in collections from archives, libraries, and museums across the world. Removed from catalogues and reading rooms and therefore inaccessible to researchers and the general public, what new knowledge would these obscured documents reveal if we were able to read them? This paper demonstrates that current imaging technologies can be used to unlock this lost content.We used High Resolution Multiband Imaging (MBI), Reflectance Imaging Spectroscopy (RIS) and micro X Ray Fluorescence (µXRF) imaging to reveal illegible letter-forms and whole words written in iron gall ink on parchment from medieval documents relevant to the 'Virtual Record Treasury of Ireland' project, a digital reconstruction of archives destroyed in 1922 at the Public Record Office of Ireland at the outset of the Irish Civil War.The readability of text in historic documents with faded iron gall ink and/or parchment obscured by damp stains and ingrained dirt was successfully enhanced with MBI techniques, such as UV-induced visible luminescence (UVL) and UV reflected (UVR) imaging, which were able to recover the contrast of the ink. However, visualising text in documents showing chemical damage caused by the application of reagents for ink enhancement in the 19th century (a practice known as “galling”) was more challenging because of the similar composition of the ink and the staining. RIS proved helpful to read documents with moderate to severe chemical damage, particularly after applying Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Text in documents that were severely damaged by galling was also recoverable with µXRF imaging of the distribution of iron from the ink. This also posed several challenges, such as minimising movement of the parchment during overnight scans and separating the data corresponding to iron on the front of the parchment which was combined with the signal from the back. Through subtraction of elemental maps during post-processing, we managed to tackle the latter issue. The combination of these different imaging techniques enabled palaeographers and medieval records specialists to identify individual characters and whole words, thereby recovering the meaning of texts that were previously indecipherable.Further research will adapt the methodology to the broad range of causes of information loss, including other reagents historically used for ink enhancement, as well as the variety of document media and temporalities, which require an extensive and multi-faceted approach of advanced imaging and post-processing techniques, in balance with the preservation needs of these fragile and invaluable historic materials.

Developing Wordwall Evaluations in Blended Islamic Education Using the Smith and Ragan Model

Islamic religious education plays a crucial role in shaping the character and morality of individuals in the context of formal education. In the growing digital era, the use of blended learning has become popular and raising the need to develop an appropriate learning evaluation. This research aims to develop an evaluation of Islamic learning in the context of blended learning with wordwall media using the Smith and Ragan model. a developmental research design method was used to analyse the learning context, student needs, and learning tasks, in addition the strategy and assessment phases are also crucial stages of this development process. Data were obtained through interviews, observation, questionnaires, and documentation. Research instruments included questionnaires, interview guides, and observation lists, which were then analysed using qualitative and descriptive quantitative approaches. Drawing from the analysis findings, a dynamic and participatory assessment approach was formulated, leveraging the wordwall platform. Additionally, strategies for structuring, executing, and overseeing evaluations were devised to guarantee their efficacy. The results show that the development of this evaluation has the potential to improve the quality of sslamic learning in the digital era by providing a more diverse, effective and engaging learning experience for students. This research makes a significant contribution to the literature on the use of technology in Islamic religious education in blended learning.

SOSIALISASI PENANAMAN NILAI KARAKTER DAN PENCEGAHAN TINDAKAN BULLYING DI LINGKUNGAN SEKOLAH

This community service aims to highlight the importance of character values in education to prevent bullying. Education is an important foundation in shaping an individual's character. In the context of education, there are three major sins that need to be addressed: immoral actions, violence, and discrimination or bullying. Bullying is a problem that is most commonly encountered in daily interactions, which can become a serious issue that negatively impacts students and the school environment. This socialization discusses the importance of preventing bullying through education. With the implementation of effective preventive measures, it is hoped that a safe and conducive learning environment can be created for all students. This activity is designed in the form of a socialization event lasting 2 hours and involves 30 eighth-grade students from SMP N 2 Cinangka Banten. The methods used are lectures, discussions, and question-and-answer sessions. The outcome of this activity is expected to instill character values in students and prevent bullying in the school environment.

OPTIMALISASI GENERASI UNGGUL MELALUI SOSIALISASI STRATEGIS: PENGUATAN FONDASI KELUARGA SEJAHTERA DI DESA ADAT MELALUI KEGIATAN PENGABDIAN MASYARAKAT

This article examines a strategic approach to maximize the formation of an outstanding generation through integrated socialization. Its primary focus is on strengthening the foundation of the Family well-being in Negeri Hukurila, a traditional village, as the initial basis for developing strong individual character and potential. By integrating the principles of the Family well-being into various community engagement activities, this article highlights the importance of collaboration and active participation of the community in shaping a quality younger generation. The methodology employed involves a series of activities, such as training, group discussions, and workshops, designed to enhance awareness, understanding, and application of the Family well-being concept in daily life. The results indicate that strategic socialization in strengthening the foundation of the Family well-being can significantly contribute to the formation of character, values, and competencies of the younger generation in Negeri Hukurila. The implications of this article emphasize the need for a holistic and sustainable approach in efforts to develop a community oriented towards family welfare and the growth of an excellent generation.

Dialectic Perspective on Interpersonal Conflict of Pre-Divorce and Its Reconciliation

This research examines the Dialectic Perspective of Interpersonal Conflict of Pre-Divorce and Its Reconciliation. The development of the divorce rate in Indonesia has reached its peak in 2022 compared to the last six years. These phenomena interest the researcher in discovering how the married couple in dispute can resolve their marriage and repair their relationship. This research is based on the theory of relational dialectics as a ground theory, supported by narrative sense-making as the middle theory, and complemented by dialogic listening theory as the applied theory for supporting conflict resolution. The method used was a qualitative descriptive approach to study the case of four informants with criteria determined by the researcher. The results of this study indicate a framework dimension from the precursor of marriage conflict, namely individual character and family character, forward to the process of the conflict where the dimension of interpersonal conflict and addressing or problem-solving of the conflict is found, to the reconciliation dimension that contributes to the success of reconciliation such as time, agreement, use of future narrative, satisfaction, financial performance, habitual interdependence, and religion and cultural constraints.

Красный спортивный Интернационал в отечественной и зарубежной историографии

This article examines the main approaches and assessments that were given in Russian and foreign scientific literature to the Red Sports International (Sportintern, RSI). The author shows the context of mentioning the organization in scientific literature and identifies controversial issues in its history. The article analyzes the source base of existing works on the his-tory of Sportintern in the context of the archival revolution of the 1990s. and documents from the Sportintern fund in the Russian State Archive of Socio-Political History (RGASPI). The author shows the differences between Russian and for-eign approaches to the history of Sportintern, differences in assessments of its activities. The author traces how the per-ception of RSI has changed in Soviet and Russian historiog-raphy, notes the peculiarities of the views of individual au-thors on the factors of the creation of the Sport International, the goals and objectives of its activities, the role of individual historical characters in the activities of the Sports Internation-al. Particular attention is paid to the issue of the initiator of the creation of Sportintern and the role of N. I. Podvoisky in the formation and development of the organization. Special attention is paid to the activities of the RSI in Latin America and the Latin American historiography of the work of Sportintern in the countries of the region.

Peran Mata Kuliah Etika Profesi Keguruan dalam Pembentukan Karakter dan Praktik Profesional Mahasiswa Calon Guru di Indonesia

Education has a crucial role in forming individual character and morality, and the role of teachers as educational agents is very important in this process. This research method is a qualitative research method with a library approach, namely a research approach that uses written or literary sources of information, whether from books, journal articles, magazines and other sources as a basis for gaining an in-depth understanding of the role of the Teaching Professional Ethics course in character formation. and Professional Practices of Prospective Teacher Students in Indonesia. By better understanding its impact, we can identify learning strategies that are more effective and relevant to local contexts, thereby improving the quality of teacher education and, in turn, the quality of national education as a whole.

Educational Environment in the Implementation of Character Education

Character education has become a major focus in modern education, with the recognition that the formation of strong character is an important aspect in the formation of quality individuals. The educational environment, which includes schools, parents, communities and technology, plays a crucial role in the implementation of character education. In this abstract, we explore the role of each element of the educational environment in shaping individual character. Schools provide the structure and curriculum that support character learning, while teachers serve as the main agents in providing role models and guidance. Parents play a central role as the primary models for children, while interactions within the community provide important social experiences. Technological developments, while providing wide access to information, also pose new challenges in character building, emphasizing the importance of integrating character values in the use of technology. Collaboration between all these elements of the educational environment is key in creating individuals who have strong, quality character and are able to contribute positively to society. Through holistic understanding and cooperation, it is hoped that positive character building can become a solid foundation for future generations.

STEF: a Swin Transformer-Based Enhanced Feature Pyramid Fusion Model for Dongba character detection

The Dongba manuscripts are a unique primitive pictographic writing system that originated among the Naxi people of Lijiang, China, boasting over a thousand years of history. The uniqueness of the Dongba manuscripts stems from their pronounced pictorial and ideographic characteristics. However, the digital preservation and inheritance of Dongba manu manuscripts face multiple challenges, including extracting its rich semantic information, recognizing individual characters, retrieving Dongba manuscripts, and automatically interpreting the meanings of Dongba manuscripts. Developing efficient Dongba character detection technology has become a key research focus, wherein establishing a standardized Dongba detection dataset is crucial for training and evaluating techniques. In this study, we have created a comprehensive Dongba manuscripts detection dataset covering various commonly used Dongba characters and vocabularies. Additionally, we propose a model named STEF. Firstly, the Swin Transformer extracts the complex structures and diverse shapes of Dongba manuscripts’ features. Then, by introducing a Feature Pyramid Enhancement Module, features of different sizes are cascaded to preserve multi-scale information. Subsequently, all features are fused in a FUSION module, resulting in features of various Dongba manuscript styles. Each pixel’s binarisation threshold is dynamically adjusted through a differentiable binarisation operation, accurately distinguishing between foreground Dongba manuscripts and background. Lastly, deformable convolution is introduced, allowing the model to dynamically adjust the convolution kernel’s size and shape based on the Dongba manuscripts’ size, thereby better capturing the detailed information of Dongba characters of different sizes. Experimental results show that STEF achieves a recall rate of 88.88%, a precision rate of 88.65%, and an F-measure of 88.76%, outperforming other text detection algorithms. Visualization experiments demonstrate that STEF performs well in detecting Dongba manuscripts of various sizes, shapes, and styles, especially in blurred handwriting and complex backgrounds.

Mimpi Besar Abdullah Sa’id Dalam Pengembangan Pendidikan Islam Di Indonesia

Education has an important role in shaping individual character and advancing the nation. This research highlights the contribution of K.H. Abdullah Sa'id in the development of Islamic education in Indonesia, especially through the establishment of the Hidayatullah Islamic Boarding School. The aim of this research is to identify the vision, approach and impact produced by K.H. Abdullah Sa'id in improving the quality of Islamic education. The research method used is literature study, with analysis of literature from various relevant sources. Research findings show that K.H. Abdullah Sa'id succeeded in integrating Islamic values ​​with modern knowledge, improving the quality of teaching staff, and creating inclusive programs such as scholarships and community empowerment. Its innovative and inclusive approach not only improves the quality of education but also strengthens the moral and spiritual foundations of students. The implications of this research underscore the importance of adopting the educational principles of K.H. Abdullah Sa'id to create an education system that is more holistic and responsive to the demands of the times. Further research is recommended to explore the long-term impact of this educational model and its potential for application in other educational institutions.

Tradition Nabawiyyah Pedagogy: Shaping an Excellent Generation Through Education Based on QS. Al-Ahzab: 21

Based on QS Al-Ahzab verse 21, this research elaborates on the crucial role of Sunnah Nabawiyyah-Based Education in shaping individual character and potential. The focus lies on education as the primary pillar of formation, with Sunnah Nabawiyyah Pedagogy as the guide derived from the teachings of the Prophet. The objective is to analyze the impact of applying Sunnah Nabawiyyah Pedagogy within the educational system, emphasizing the development of an excellent generation. The importance of integrating Islamic values into education is a primary highlight, and this research attempts to detail how these values can be incorporated into the curriculum and daily educational practices. The study identifies obstacles in implementing Sunnah Nabawiyyah Pedagogy and proposes concrete solutions. By exploring the positive impacts of implementing Sunnah Nabawiyyah Pedagogy, this research aims to provide valuable contributions on how to shape an excellent generation through education based on Islamic values. Furthermore, this research is expected to serve as a robust scientific foundation for better educational policy development, ensuring the application of pedagogy in accordance with religious guidance. A literature study method is used to delve into the concept of Sunnah Nabawiyyah Pedagogy, encompassing categories such as the analysis of Islamic education literature, quality education literature, curriculum literature analysis, and the literature on the implementation of Sunnah Pedagogy. The results of this study are expected to provide deep insights into the contribution of Sunnah Nabawiyyah Pedagogy to quality Islamic

Integrasi Ilmu dan Agama dalam Membangun Generasi Berintegritas Melalui Pendidikan Agama Islam

This research aims to explore the contribution of Islamic Religious Education in building the integration of science and religion in the context of modern education, as well as its positive impact on the formation of individual character. The research approach used is qualitative with a case study design. Data was collected through in-depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation analysis from various sources including teachers, students, parents, and religious figures. The research results show that Islamic Religious Education has an important role in integrating religious values with scientific knowledge, which results in the formation of better individual character, including morality, ethics and high spiritual awareness. However, the implementation of this integration faces various challenges such as differences in interpretation, resistance to change, and lack of resources. To overcome these challenges, several strategies are recommended, including strengthening the curriculum, training teachers, developing learning materials, collaborating with religious communities, and promoting inclusivity and tolerance. With the right strategy and adequate support, it is hoped that the integration of science and religion can be realized effectively, creating a holistic and inclusive educational environment, as well as preparing quality individuals to face the complexities of the modern world. This research provides important insights for the development of educational policies and practices that integrate science and religion, and offers practical recommendations to increase the effectiveness of their implementation in educational institutions

عصر حاضر میں شخصیت کی تعمیر: نفسیاتی اثرات اور اسلامی تعلیمات

This article examines the personality development aspect from an Islamic perspective. Drawing on Islamic teachings and principles, it examines how morality, social interactions, and faith shape an individual's character. The article examines how virtues that align with Islamic teachings can be developed through prayer, moral behavior, and community service. By combining psychological concepts with Islamic philosophy, this article aims to offer insights into an all-encompassing approach to personality development within an Islamic framework. Some theorists contend that religion provides the most complete framework for values and that religious orientations fall under an extrinsic category.

THE FUNCTION OF ISLAMIC RELIGIOUS EDUCATION IN RENEWING CHACATER BUILDING

This study aims to explore how Islamic religious education influences the formation of individual character with high moral values. Furthermore, character education also aims to enhance the quality of educational outcomes by paying specific attention to develop personalities in line with the education graduate competency standards. Additionally, the goal of character education is to refine ethical intelligence and strengthen moral aspects by cultivating a better understanding of right and wrong things. In conducting this study, the methodology employed was systematic literature review involving gathering information from various literary sources related to the discussed topic. Statistical data utilized in this research was derived from books, research journals, and supporting articles. The research findings indicated that the role of Islamic religious education in enhancing character involved regulating and supervising the younger generation by instilling religious values, faith, piety, knowledge, and good conduct in order to ensure that despite the currents of globalization, the younger generation remains capable of upholding Islamic traditions and applying the positive values derived from the religion.

The Effect of Feedback Styles on Students’ Willingness to Communicate in English

This study looks at the effect of instructor directed feedback and peer directed feedback in a university-level English discussion class on students’ willingness to communicate in English. Willingness to communicate (WTC) in another language reflects the extent a person will readily use a second language in a variety of contexts and can be influenced by both individual character traits, the social situation, and perceptions of one’s own second language ability. Both instructor lead feedback and peer lead feedback can improve students’ WTC in a foreign language, and to determine which mode of feedback is best suited to this purpose, an experiment was conducted using groups of first-year English Discussion classes. During regular class periods, either instructor lead feedback sessions or peer lead feedback sessions were conducted across two distinct sets of classes. To evaluate the effectiveness of these feedback styles in improving students’ WTC in English, the results of WTC pre-test and post-test surveys were compared across both sets of classes. Results showed that there was no significant improvement in WTC for the group that received instructor lead feedback, while the improvement in WTC for the student lead feedback group was statistically significant. These results suggest that student directed feedback is superior with regards to increasing learners’ WTC in English.