Characterization Of Ethyl Research Articles

Design, synthesis and characterization of ethyl 3-benzoyl-7-morpholinoindolizine-1-carboxylate as anti-tubercular agents: In silico screening for possible target identification.

A thorough search for the development of innovative drugs to treat tuberculosis, especially considering the urgent need to address developing drug resistance, we report here a synthetic series of ethyl 3-benzoyl-7-morpholinoindolizine-1-carboxylate analogues (5a-o) as potent anti-tubercular agents. These morpholino-indolizines were synthesized by reacting 4-morpholino pyridinium salts, with various electron-deficient acetylenes to afford the ethyl 3-benzoyl-7-morpholinoindolizine-1-carboxylate analogues (5a-o). All synthesized intermediate and final compounds are characterized by spectroscopic methods such as 1H NMR, 13C NMR and HRMS and further examined for their anti-tubercular activity against the M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain (ATCC 27294-American type cell culture). All the compounds screened for anti-tubercular activity in the range of 6.25-50 μM against the H37Rv strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Compound 5g showed prominent activity with MIC99 2.55 μg/mL whereas compounds 5d and 5j showed activity with MIC99 18.91 μg/mL and 25.07 μg/mL, respectively. In silico analysis of these compounds revealed drug-likeness. Additionally, the molecular target identification for Malate synthase (PDB 5CBB) is attained by computational approach. The compound 5g with a MIC99 value of 2.55 μg/mL against M. tuberculosis H37Rv emerged as the most promising anti-TB drug and in silico investigations suggest Malate synthase (5CBB) might be the compound's possible target.

Reinvestigating the Synthesis and Characterization of Ethyl 3-[5-(2-Ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyloxy)-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]-but-2-enoate.

We reinvestigated the reported method for the synthesis of ethyl 3-[5-(2-ethoxycarbonyl-1-methylvinyloxy)-1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl]-but-2-enoate (MIBE), which was obtained by the reaction of 5-hydroxy-1-methyl-1H-indole with excess ethyl acetoacetate catalyzed by indium(III) chloride. Based on the NMR and MS data, we assigned the structure of the isolated product as (3E)-3-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethylidene)-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-7-hydroxy-1,4-dimethylcyclopent[b]indole-1-acetate (2a) rather than the reported MIBE.

Ethyl cellulose/hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose‐based oleogel shortening: Effect on batter rheology and physical properties of sponge cake

AbstractThis study attempts to fill the gap in ongoing research on the design, optimization, and characterization of ethyl cellulose/hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose‐based (EC/HPMC‐based) low‐saturated oleogel‐shortenings by examining their functional effects on physicochemical, and rheological properties in the cupcake and its batter. Thus, the commercial shortening was completely replaced with the oleogel‐shortenings in the cake formulation and, then, characteristics of the batter (including specific gravity, emulsion stability, and rheological properties), and cake samples (specific volume, moisture content, and texture properties) were evaluated and compared with each other and the control samples (containing commercial‐shortening). In short, the EC‐based‐ and EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batters had more specific gravity and emulsion stability than the control‐batter. Liner viscoelastic rang in EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batter, EC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batter, and control‐batter was 0.212%, 0.159%, and 0.195%, respectively. EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortenings‐batter had a more viscoelastic behavior than EC‐based‐oleogel‐shortening‐batter after the control‐batter (p < 0.05). The results of frequency sweep and dynamic shear tests indicated a higher similarity of the rheological behavior of the EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortening‐batter with the control‐batter. The results of moisture content and texture profile analysis of the cake samples indicated a slower staling in the oleogel‐shortenings containing samples, especially EC/HPMC‐based‐oleogel‐shortening type.

Facile microfluidic fabrication and characterization of ethyl cellulose/PVP films with neatly arranged fibers

Much attention and endeavor have been paid to developing biocompatible food packaging films. Here, ethyl cellulose (EC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were fabricated into films through a facile method, microfluidic spinning. Morphology observations showed that the fibers were neatly arranged with an average diameter of 1–4 μm. FTIR and X-ray diffraction analysis suggested the existence of good compatibility and interaction between EC and PVP. Thermogravimetric analysis demonstrated that PVP ameliorates the thermal properties; moreover, the tensile properties were improved, with tensile strength (TS) and Young's modulus up to 11.10 ± 1.04 MPa and 350.16 ± 45.46 MPa, respectively. The optimal formula was EC/PVP (2:3), of which the film displayed an enhanced TS of 4.61 ± 1.15 MPa and a modified water contact angle of 61.8 ± 4.4°, showing fine tensile and hydrophilic performance. This study provides a facile and green film fabrication method promising to be used for food wrapping.

Synthesis, Characterization of Ethyl 5-(substituted)-1H-pyrazole- 3-carboxylate Derivative as Potent Anti-inflammatory Agents.

Recently, pyrazole derivatives have shown significant antiinflammatory activity. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have some side effects, mainly gastric irritation and gastric ulceration during the treatment of inflammation. So the current study deals with the synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of a series of novel pyrazole derivatives as anti-inflammatory agents. A series of novel ethyl 5-(substituted)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (2a-j) were synthesized and evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity using carrageenan-induced inflammation in rat paw edema model. In the first step, diethyl oxalate react with acetophenone derivatives in presense of sodium ethoxide to form substituted ethyl-2,4-dioxo-4- phenyl butanoate derivatives as intermediate (1a-j). Further the suspension was prepared from dioxo-esters with hydrazine hydrate in glacial acetic acid yielded novel ethyl 5- (substituted)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (2a-j) derivatives. The structure of the final analogues (2a-j) has been confirmed on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, 1 H NMR and mass spectra. All the values of elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H NMR, and mass spectra were found to be prominent. The anti-inflammatory activity test revealed that Ethyl 5-(3,4- dimethoxyphenyl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylate (2f) and ethyl 5-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)-1Hpyrazole- 3-carboxylate (2e) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity as compared to control group. The results of the current study indicate that the substitution at pyrazole scaffold could improve anti-inflammatory activity.

Two New Compounds in the Group of Zinc Phenoxides and Zinc Phenylamides

The synthesis and characterization of ethyl{2‐[(phenylamino)methyl]phenoxy}zinc (1) and ethyl{2‐[(propan‐2‐ylideneamino)methyl]phenylamido}zinc (2) are reported. The phenoxide 1 was prepared starting from 2‐(phenylaminomethyl)phenol and diethylzinc and the phenylamide 2 was obtained from 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinazoline and diethylzinc. The compounds were characterized by NMR spectroscopy (1H, 13C{1H}), IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, TGA measurements, and X‐ray structure analysis. In the solid state both compounds form dimers where (1)2·4thf shows a planar Zn2O2 and (2)2 a planar Zn2N2 unit. Noteworthy, the aminal ring of 2,2‐dimethyl‐1,2,3,4‐tetrahydroquinazoline was opened by its reaction with diethylzinc to give an ylidene moiety at the benzylic nitrogen atom.

Synthesis and Characterization of ethyl 4-(4-(benzyloxy) phenyl) -6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4- tetra hydro pyrimidine-5-carboxylate for Antioxidant and Radioprotective Activities

A novel pyrimidine derivative ethyl 4-(4-(benzyloxy)phenyl)-6-methyl-2-oxo-1,2,3,4- tetra hydro pyrimi- dine-5-carboxylate (4) was synthesized by Biginelli three component cyclocondensation reaction in presence of a catalyst SiCl4 in good yield and characterized by IR, 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, LCMS and elemental analysis. The compound 4 was screened for in vitro antioxidant activity using DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical scavenging assay. The in vivo radioprotection property of compound 4 was determined by assaying on Drosophila melanogaster model system; inducing oxidative stress in flies at 3Gy electron beam irradiation. The flies treated with the compound prior to irradiation showed reduction in oxidative stress caused by ionizing e-beam radiation.

New polymeric materials for paper and textile conservation. I. Synthesis and characterization of acrylic copolymers

AbstractIn the preservation of cultural heritage items, the use of polymeric materials for the consolidation and protection of artifacts with historical and artistic value is widely accepted. This area is vast and includes studies of various objects made of different materials such as wood, stone, textiles, and paper. The aim of this article is to establish the most suitable copolymer for cellulose‐based‐material restoration according to its properties, as evaluated by several techniques such as 1H‐NMR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, and dynamic mechanical analysis. In addition to the mechanical property evaluation, an investigation of fungal deterioration has been carried out. Because, in the literature, no complete study concerning the characterization of ethyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate and butyl acrylate/methyl methacrylate copolymers is available, a detailed and full investigation of these polymers is required before the best copolymer is selected for grafting polymerization onto cellulose. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 98: 1157–1164, 2005

Characterization of ethyl (3-quinuclidinyl) acetate (EQA) as a ligand for acetylcholine receptors

Recent studies suggest that neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) may play a role in several CNS disorders and that subtype selective nicotinic ligands may be useful in the treatment of these disorders. Ethyl (3-quinuclidinyl)acetate (EQA) is a bulky, reverse-ester analog of ACh, that produces signs of cholinergic stimulation that may be nicotinic in origin. The objective of the present study was to further evaluate EQA as a potential cholinergic ligand. Behavioral studies, smooth muscle assays, and radioligand binding assays were performed on this novel ligand The effects of EQA on blood pressure and acetylcholinesterase activity were also evaluated. The results of the study suggest that EQA is an agonist at peripheral nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and may have antagonist properties at central nicotinic receptors.

Langmuir‐Blodgett films containing carotenoid dye. I. Preparation and characterization of ethyl β‐Apo‐8‐carotenoate/cadmium stearate LB films

This article describes the preparation and characterization of ethyl β-apo-8-carotenoate dye/cadmium stearate mixed Langmuir—Blodgett films. The Wilhelmy plate method, FTIR spectroscopy, and contact angle measurements were the principal techniques utilized. Incorporation of cadmium stearate was observed to be critically important to the formation of ethyl β-apo-8-carotenoate/cadmium stearate mixed mono-layers in the highly condensed and easily transferable states. Surface pressure (P)—area (A) isotherm measurements on the mixed monolayers with varying compositions, showed that highly condensed monolayers can be formed at the air/water interface from mixtures containing as much as 20 mol % of the carotenoid dye. The mixed monolayers were successfully transferred onto the solid substrates as “Y-type” film by the vertical lifting method.

Langmuir-blodgett films containing carotenoid dye. I. Preparation and characterization of ethyl β-Apo-8-carotenoate/cadmium stearate LB films

Langmuir-blodgett films containing carotenoid dye. I. Preparation and characterization of ethyl β-Apo-8-carotenoate/cadmium stearate LB films

Purification and Characterization of Ethyl 2-Methyl-3-oxobutanoate Reductase from Klebsiella pneumoniae IF03319.

An enzyme that catalyzes a reduction of ethyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate (1) to ethyl (2R,3S) 3-hydroxy- 2-methylbutanoate was found in Klebsiella pneumoniae IFO 3319 cells. The enzyme was isolated from the cells and purified 250-fold by ammonium sulfate fractionation, ion exchange chromatography, affinity chromatography, and gel filtration. The purified enzyme was found to be a monomer protein with a molecular weight of approximately 31,000 and an isoelectric point of 6.2. It was NADPH-dependent and had maximum activity at pH 7.0 and 45°C for the reduction and at pH 10.0 and 45°C for oxidation. The Km's at pH 7.0 were 5.6 mM for 1 and 12.5 mM for benzyl 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoate, respectively. Esters of 2-oxocycloalkane carboxylic acids as well as esters of 2-methyl-3-oxobutanoic acid served as substrates, and the corresponding reduced products were obtained with high stereoselectivity.

Formation and characterization of ethyl 2-oxocyclo-pentanecarboxylate/graphitic oxide intercalation compounds

A study by X-ray diffraction, gravimetric adsorption, gravimetric and differential thermal analysis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was made of the intercalation compounds which ethyl 2-oxocyclopentanecarboxylate (CBCP) forms with graphitic oxide. The interlamellar disposition of the organic molecule as well as the CBCP/graphitic oxide interaction is also discussed.

Synthesis and characterization of ethyl methacrylate‐acrylamide copolymers

AbstractFree radical copolymerization of ethyl methacrylate (EMA) and acrylamide (AA) was carried out in the presence of 2,2′‐azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at 60°C. The percentage composition of the copolymers were established by elemental analysis. The copolymerization reactivity ratios were determined by both Fineman‐Ross (F‐R) and Kelen‐Tudos (K‐T) methods. The copolymers were characterized by IR, 1H‐NMR, thermal, and dielectric studies. Glass transition temperatures (Tg) have been determined by DSC. The solubility parameter of this copolymer was evaluated by studying the intrinsic viscosity in different solvents.

Preparation and characterization of ethyl 3-(bromomercuri)perfluorobutanoate

Preparation and characterization of ethyl 3-(bromomercuri)perfluorobutanoate