Characterization Of Biodiesel Research Articles

A study on oxidation stability improvement of a palm oil‐derived biodiesel by a synthetic antioxidant

AbstractBiodiesel, an alternative for conventional diesel, can be produced from renewable resources such as vegetable oils. One of the most crucial characteristics of biodiesel fuel is oxidation stability, which significantly influences the stability of biodiesel during prolonged storage. In fact, biodiesel is less resistant against oxidation than the conventional diesel. In order to transcend this problem, additives are employed. This work uses the Rancimat technique to examine the effects of various antioxidants additives on the oxidation stability of different produced biodiesel. The oxidative stability of biodiesel produced from rapeseed, palm, sunflower and waste cooking oil were evaluated after assuring that the properties of used oils and produced biodiesel complied with the ASTM requirements. Palm biodiesel was selected since it showed the highest oxidation stability of 1.32 h. The experimental findings demonstrated that the two antioxidants investigated (phenolhydrazine and thiamine hydrochloride) are boosting oxidation stability, however phenolhydrazine is providing a higher oxidation stability than thiamine hydrochloride. The optimal amount of phenolhydrazine was found to be 2550 ppm and resulted in an oxidation stability of 6 h. This great enhancement of oxidation stability (454%) ascertained that phenolhydrazine is a strong antioxidant to be utilized in order to enhance shelf life of natural source‐derived biodiesels. The mentioned antioxidant was not yet studied in literature which confirms the novelty of our work.

Bibliometric Analysis of the Use of Biodiesel Production from Essential Oils as Biofuels

Second-generation biodiesel, which is produced from essential oil plants, has important advantages, including a high yield of biofuels and the potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The goal of this research was to examine the profile of original and review articles on biodiesel production from essential oils using bibliometric analysis. The search strategy identified 186 relevant and available peer-reviewed publications from 1981 to 2023, which were downloaded from the Web of Science (WoS) database. The retrieved documents were analyzed using VOSviewer. China was the predominant country publishing those documents, followed by the United States, India, Australia, and France. The keyword cluster analysis indicated the presence of 10 main research topics: diesel, fuel, and engine performance; extraction of lipids from microalgae; biofuel production from essential oils; green chemistry; the pyrolysis process; bioethanol production from renewable raw materials; obtaining biodiesel from essential oils; essential oil extraction; obtaining biofuels; and supercritical fluid extraction for fuels. The top three authors were Rahman, S. M. A., Cantrell, C. L., and Zheljazkov, V.D. The results showed that study topics such as different biodiesel raw material sources, biodiesel conversion technology, and the performance and emission characteristics of second-generation biodiesel are gaining popularity, with the goal to achieve a sustainable and clean environment.

Investigation on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel - Ethanol blends with hydrogen in CI engine

The current research work focus on the utilization of hydrogen as a fuel in CI engine has been increased tremendously, since it is a zero-emission fuel. But higher self-ignition temperature than conventional fuel, makes to operate in dual fuel mode condition in CI engine. The diesel or biodiesel along with hydrogen in a CI engine results in the improvement in the performance but increase of NO. In order to minimize the NO emission, addition of ethanol with jamun B20 biodiesel blend (biodiesel-diesel-ethanol) and two ternary blends such as B20E05 and B20E10 are formed. In the present study, biodiesel along with H2 is admitted in the CI engine. Ethanol addition reduces combustion temperature and act as cetane improver for the biodiesel. This induces better combustion of the fuel and reduce NO. The biodiesel production from jamun seed is carried out through transesterification process. H2 of 4 lpm is allowed at the air inlet and jamun B20 blend is injected through the fuel injector. Improvement of brake thermal efficiency and increase in the NO are observed for the hydrogen with biodiesel operated CI engine. The performance and emission behaviors of CI engine done for the test samples. At full load condition (ternary blend) B20E05 assisted H2 shows the drastic reduction of NO emission of 8.2% than B20 assist H2 blend. In other hand emission like hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide and smoke opacity show a notable reduction for B20E05 blend assist H2 than other test sample fuel. The thermal efficiency is 30.98% for B20E05 assist H2 and it is 7.55% and 4.7% higher than B20 and B20E05 assist H2 blend respectively.

Low-temperature thermal pre-treated sewage sludge for feeding of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae: Protein, lipid and biodiesel profile and characterization

Previous work showed that low-temperature thermal pre-treatment of waste activated sludge (WAS) under different temperatures (30, 60, 75, 90 °C) and durations (2, 4, 8, 16 h) prior to black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) rearing could improve the larval growth. In this work, the biochemical profiles of WAS-fed BSFL and the characteristics of biodiesel produced were reported. The BSFL fed with pre-treated WAS had high protein contents (44%–54%) and moderate lipid contents (21%–25%). The WAS pre-treated at 90 °C for 16 h produced BSFL with the highest protein and lipid yields, achieving 69% and 71% of increments, respectively, as compared with the controlled WAS. Subsequently, high conversion of lipid into biodiesel (>90%) could be achieved through the acid-catalyzed transesterification process. The BSFL biodiesel was dominated by saturated fatty acid methyl esters (FAME), with C12:0 being the abundance. This unique FAME profile enabled BSFL biodiesel to have low iodine value, high cetane number and more oxidatively stable as compared with other reported biodiesels like palm oil and rapeseed oil biodiesels. The BSFL biodiesel also satiated the biodiesel standards of EN 14214 and ASTM D6751, except for the flash point, which was still higher and safer than petroleum diesel. In short, the thermal pre-treatment of WAS was effective in promoting BSFL growth and its lipid yield, ultimately leading to higher biodiesel production.

Preparation and Physicochemical Characterization of Biodiesel from Recycled Vegetable Oil in Cuenca, Ecuador by Transesterification Catalyzed by KOH and NaOH

Due to the environmental impact of using fossil fuels, alternatives for the generation of biofuels are being studied. An option for this problem is to obtain biodiesel from recycled vegetable oil. Studies show that basic homogeneous catalysis has advantages such as speed over other types of catalysis. However, most of these studies are conducted with unused or little-used oils. Therefore, this study aims to obtain biodiesel from recycled vegetable oil collected from municipal oil collection centers by transesterification applying NaOH or KOH as catalysts. The used oil was filtered, washed, and dried to remove impurities. The transesterification reaction catalyzed with NaOH and KOH was carried out; each catalyst was tested at two concentrations: 0.5% and 1% w/w. All reactions were carried out at 55 °C, 350 rpm, methanol, and alcohol/oil ratio of 6/1 for 1.5 h. The best yield was found with the KOH with a concentration of 0.5%. The biodiesel obtained presented the following properties: density of 0.8807 g/mL, a viscosity of 4.694 mm2/s, an acid number of 0.355 mg KOH/g, and corrosion 1a, a calorific value of 39,726 J/g, and a FAME of 93%.

Experimental Investigation for Determining an Ideal Algal Biodiesel-Diesel Blend to Improve the Performance and Mitigate Emissions Using a Response Surface Methodology.

The ongoing depletion of the world's fossil fuel sources and environmental damage has compelled the quest for alternative energy. Excellent characteristics of biodiesel include its renewable nature, safety, absence of sulfur, environmental advantages, and biodegradability, which can eradicate the above problems. In this study, algal oil was characterized to obtain the fatty acid profile, and the free fatty acid value of algal oil suggested a two-step process of esterification and transesterification for efficient biodiesel production. The performance and emission results of biodiesel and its blends (B10, B20, and B30) were investigated in a constant speed, single-cylinder, 4-stroke, 3.5 kW compression ignition engine at different loads for arriving at an appropriate fuel blend ratio. The response surface methodology technique is used to predict the ideal composition of microalgae-diesel using the experimental data with due weightage for the optimization criterion. The predicted blend ratio of B25 was tested on the engine and authenticated. The findings recorded an improvement in brake thermal efficiency to 31.42% and reduction in brake specific energy consumption to 9.82 MJ/kW h, unburned hydrocarbon to 85 ppm, carbon monoxide to 0.164% v/v, carbon dioxide to 4.115% v/v, nitrogen oxides to 691 ppm, and smoke opacity to 16.93%.

Experimental investigation on performance and emission characteristics of algae oil biodiesel with methanol additive in CI engine

Due to the depletion of fossil fuels, the world is moving towards alternate fuels or resources. Algae is the most abundant and easily available food source in the world. This will be enough to meet the future fuel requirement. Though using pure algae biofuel is not feasible. Initially, the proper proportion of algae to diesel is to be fixed. The efficiency of mixing diesel and oil with algae and methanol in certain quantities is analyzed to improve the performance and pollution of diesel engines. An algae biodiesel with a methanol blend in three proportions, such as B10, B20 and B30 is taken. In this investigation, B10 (90% + Diesel + Algae oil 7.5% + Methanol 2.5%) and B20 (Diesel 80% + Algae Oil 15% + Methanol 5%) and B30 (70% Diesel + Algae 22.5% + Methanol 7.5%) are taken for the experimental tests and performed on a diesel engine. The blends of B10, B20, B30 is given as input to the CI engine and various performance parameters like brake power, torque, mean effective pressure and etc., are considered in this analysis. The effects of various pollutants like HC, CO, CO2 and NOx emissions were compared to diesel fuel emission. B20 biodiesel is very close to pure diesel fuel performance as compared with B10 and B30. There is slight increase in HC and CO emissions but NOx emission is reduced considerably for all blends.

CO-SOLVENT TETRAHYDROFURAN IN THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM USED COOKING OIL USING THE TRANSESTERIFICATION METHOD

Used cooking oil is a waste oil derived from cooking oil that has the potential to be produced into biodiesel because it contains fatty acids and triglycerides like other vegetable oils, however, its utilization is still low. This study aimed to analyze the effect of co-solvent THF based on reaction time and oil: methanol molar ratio in the manufacture of biodiesel using used cooking oil as raw material. Transesterification is a method used in biodiesel production by reacting raw materials with alcohol. KOH1% is used as a catalyst in the process of converting used cooking oil into biodiesel. In its operation, reaction time variations of 5, 7, 10, 13, and 15 minutes and molar ratios of 1:3, 1:6, 1:9, 1:12, and 1:15 were used at a temperature of 65oC. The results showed that when entering the reaction time of 10 minutes the density and viscosity tend to be stable and meet the standards of SNI 7182:2015, namely the density is stable at 0.88 gr/ml and the viscosity is in the range of 4.6238 cSt-5.7336 cSt. Meanwhile, based on the molar ratio, it was obtained only at a molar ratio of 1:6 which is in accordance with the characteristics of biodiesel based on SNI 7182:2015 which has a density of 0.88 gr/ml and a viscosity of 4.6238 cSt. The best % yield was at a 1:6 molar ratio with a reaction time of 13 minutes, that is 88.8199% with a heating value of 33.0398 MJ/kg and a cetane number of 66.9. Based on the methyl ester test with GC-MS, the methyl ester (biodiesel) content in the product was 87.24%, dominated by Oleaic (9(Z)-Octadecenoic) acid or 49.33% oleic acid and Palmitic (Hexadecanoic) acid. or palmitic acid by 34.08%.

Performance and Emission Characteristics of a Diesel Engine Fueled with Calophyllum Inophyllum Biodiesel and Gasoline Additives

Production of fuel oil in Indonesia from year to year continues to decline. Calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel fuel is an alternative fuel that can be used in diesel engines. Gasoline is a fuel that can improve the characteristics of biodiesel. This research uses petrodiesel fuel, B30 (70% petrodiesel and 30% calophyllum inophyllum biodiesel), and B30 added with gasoline with a concentration of 10% vol/vol. The experiment was carried out with a direct injection single cylinder diesel engine connected to a generator that was used as a dynamometer and a gas analyzer was installed. Tests were carried out using lamp loads of 200, 400, 600, and 800 watts at a constant engine speed of 2000 rpm. The results of this research inform that the addition of gasoline to B30 fuel can reduce fuel consumption and increase thermal efficiency. The role of gasoline can also reduce CO, HC, and CO2 emissions. The addition of gasoline needs to be investigated further so that it can be applied to industry and transportation.
 

Characteristic Study of Biodiesel from Used Cooking Oil using Nipah Skin Ash as a Heterogeneous Catalyst

One type of renewable alternative energy that has great potential to be developed is biodiesel. Biodiesel is a fuel consisting of a mixture of mono-alkyl esters of long-chain fatty acids made from renewable sources such as vegetable oils or animal fats. Such as vegetable oils or animal fats. One of the vegetable oil products that can be used as feedstock for biodiesel production is used cooking oil. Used cooking oil is used oil. The purpose of this research is to study the characteristics of the effect of catalyst mass, the ratio of used cooking oil mole to methanol mole, and the effect of adding THF 1:1 co-solvent on the purity of biodiesel using heterogeneous catalyst ash derived from Nipah fruit skin calcined at 500°C for 4 hours. The process variables were transesterification reaction time 60, 90, 120, and 150 minutes, a mole ratio of methanol to oil 1:19, 1:21, and 1:23 with the addition of THF: methanol v/v 1:1 co-solvent. Biodiesel properties such as density, viscosity, moisture content, and acid number were evaluated and compared with the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The characteristics of biodiesel were obtained with a density of 860.2 Kg/m3 and a viscosity of 2.37 mm2/s. They contained 44.14% Palmitic acid and 43.04% Octadecenoic acid (oleic), following the Indonesian National Standard (SNI). The maximum yield obtained was 93.3598% using a mole ratio of oil: methanol 1:23 at 60°C for 120 minutes, TFT 1:1, and 3% catalyst mass. The results obtained in this study indicate that heterogeneous catalysts made from kapok skin can be used to produce biodiesel. Adding TFT co-solvent can increase biodiesel production and methyl ester yield so that high purity is obtained.

PENGARUH SUHU DAN WAKTU REAKSI TRANSESTERIFIKASI MINYAK BIJI BUNGA MATAHARI TERHADAP METIL ESTER DENGAN KATALIS NaOH

The rapid development of technology and science has made vegetable oil not only as a consumption material, but also into something more useful, namely alternative renewable fuel oil, one of which is biodiesel which is an alternative fuel to replace diesel. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of temperature and time of the transesterification reaction on the characteristics of the biodiesel produced. The expected results are results that are in accordance with the characteristics of biodiesel with SNI parameters. This research was conducted by mixing sunflower seed oil with methanol as a solvent with a NaOH catalyst with a mole ratio of reactants 1:6. Then the variation of reaction time was determined, namely 70 minutes, 80 minutes and 90 minutes, and the reaction temperature was 50°C, 55°C, 60°C and 65°C, respectively. After biodiesel is obtained, characteristic testing is carried out. The results showed that the best biodiesel quality was obtained at a temperature of 60°C with a reaction time of 90 minutes with the following characteristics: Yield = 80.76%; density = 0.85 gr/ml; viscosity = 2.38 cSt; water content = 0.03 %vol and acid number = 0.5 mg-KOH/g. Thus, it can be concluded that the biodiesel produced is in accordance with the characteristics of the standardization parameters of SNI-7182-2019 regarding biodiesel.

Production, characterization, and emission characteristics of biodiesel derived from castor (Ricinus communis) and black mustard (Brassica nigra) seeds

In this work, biodiesel was synthesized from castor and black mustard oil seeds, through homogenous alkaline transesterification with methanol. The impact of parameters such as alcohol amount, catalyst quantity, temperature, and reaction time have been optimized. The yield of castor biodiesel (COB) was 93.53% w/w at 20.7 wt.% methanol, and black mustard biodiesel (MOB) was 93.88% w/w at 20 wt.% methanol. The other conditions wt.% KOH, temperature, and reaction time were 0.5, 60 °C, and 60 min respectively. (COB) and (MOB) were mixed with diesel fuel (DI) in various ratios to obtain (B5, B10, B15, B20, B30, and B50), and the physicochemical properties of biodiesel are measured employing ASTM standards. The diesel one-cylinder engine was used as a test engine. CO2, CO, NOx, and SO2 emissions from biodiesel and its blends were measured and compared to DI. COB and MOB blends emitted less CO2, CO, and SO2 emissions than DI, along with a slight increase in NOx emissions. Based on the results, (COB) and (MOB) were reliable substitute fuels for reducing environmental pollution.

Investigation of usage of neat palm biodiesel in CI engine using cerium oxide nanoparticle addition to the fuel

This research focused on using neat palm biodiesel in a diesel engine to facilitate better combustion performances and discharge minimisation. The poor engine performance characteristics of biodiesel due to incomplete combustion were rectified using the test fuel consisting of Cerium Oxide nanoparticles which functioned as a catalyst. The test was conducted by the addition of 30 and 60 ppm cerium oxide nanoparticles with one litre of palm biodiesel and its outcomes were correlated with conventional diesel as well as palm biodiesel. The test results shows that the SFC was reduced by 5.71% and 9.85%, and the BTE improved by 1.06% and 1.61% under the usage of the 30 and 60 ppm CeO2 mixed neat palm biodiesel, respectively. Also, the undesirable emissions inclusive of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons were reduced extensively. The NOx was also reduced to a respectable level in the exhaust due to the addition of nanoparticles with the palm biodiesel.

Experimental investigation on spray and combustion characteristics of dual-fuel collision of biodiesel and n-butanol

The sprays collision phenomena exist in many diesel engines with two or more injectors. In the dual direct injection strategy, the dual-fuel collision can realize different concentrations and reactivity stratification, which is beneficial to control the ignition and combustion processes. The investigation aims to explore the spray and combustion characteristics of collision biodiesel and butanol at different collision angles (90°, 120° and 150°), injection pressures, and ambient conditions. The experiments are conducted in a constant-volume combustion chamber with two independent injection systems. The collision spray and combustion images are captured by optical diagnosis techniques. Several macroscopic parameters are obtained, including collision length, collision width, spray area, gray value level, ignition delay, ignition location, flame lift-off length, flame area, and natural luminosity intensity. Results show that after the collision, the spray in the horizontal direction has faster evaporation and diffusion rates compared with the spray in the vertical direction. The horizontal diffusion rate of vapor-phase spray is about 1.2 times the vertical diffusion rate. Meanwhile, increasing the ambient temperature has a more positive impact on promoting the horizontal diffusion of vapor-phase spray, and the horizontal diffusion is less hindered by the ambient gas resistance and increased collision angle. At larger collision angles, higher relative velocity leads to intenser collision process and smaller diffusion rate after the collision owing to larger collision loss and smaller vertical velocity component. A smaller equivalence ratio after the collision leads to longer ignition delay and shorter flame lift-off length, which contributes to intenser combustion process and higher soot emissions. Meanwhile, increasing the injection pressure can improve the ignition and combustion characteristics, but the improvement in reducing the soot emission is suppressed at larger collision angles.

Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Spray Characteristics of Biodiesel Blends with Diethyl Carbonate in a Common-Rail Injection System

This study examines the spray characteristics of biodiesel, diethyl carbonate (DEC), and their mixtures in a common-rail injection system. Using the schlieren method, the spray tip penetration, spray cone angle, spray tip velocity, spray area, and spray liquid core ratio were observed with a high-speed camera. The test results show that the spray pressure and ambient pressure have significant effects on the spray characteristics. Increasing the spray pressure and decreasing the ambient pressure can increase the spray tip penetration, decrease the spray cone angle, and increase the spray area. After the addition of DEC to biodiesel, with increasing the mixing ratio, the viscosity and surface tension of the mixed fuel are reduced, but the density is increased. This increases the spray cone angle and spray area of the mixed fuel, and it reduces the Sauter mean diameter (SMD). The SMD of droplets were calculated, and it was found that DEC30 has the smallest SMD, and it is of the same order as that of diesel. An improved calculation model for the spray tip penetration of the DEC and biodiesel mixture under high injection pressure was obtained by modifying the exponent of an existing model. By comparing the linear relationship between the injection pressure and the spray tip penetration, it was found that the spray tip penetration of DEC10 has the largest increase.

Influence of exhaust gas recirculation on working characteristics of biodiesel operated in LHR diesel engine

Influence of exhaust gas recirculation on working characteristics of biodiesel operated in LHR diesel engine

Numerical simulation of a diesel engine performance powered by soybean biodiesel and diesel fuels

BackgroundThe present study presents a 3-D numerical simulation of a direct injection diesel engine powered by base diesel oil and soybean biodiesel fuel at different load conditions. The modeling was performed using commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software linked to a chemical solver. A chemical kinetic reaction mechanism was developed to simulate the combustion and fuel spray processes. Base diesel oil results were verified using a single-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel engine.ResultsThe study showed that the usage of the soybean biodiesel fuel caused a reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions by about 42.38% and 41.35%, compared with base diesel and an increase in nitrogen oxides (NOx) and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions of about 21.8% and 11.2%, respectively. Exhaust gas temperature (EGT) is reduced by an average value of 9.4%, the brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) is increased by an average value of 11.8% and the brake thermal efficiency (BTE) is dropped by an average value of 11.3% for soybean biodiesel fuel.ConclusionsThe CFD model showed the effect of the unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters present in soybean biodiesel on the spatial distributed values of NOx, oxygen and temperature during the combustion in engine cylinder. It was observed that the combustion of soybean biodiesel began about 3.89 CAD earlier than base diesel, and the in-cylinder peak pressure was dropped by 8.25%. Soybean biodiesel fuel was optimized by performing four starts of injection (SOI) at timings of − 18, − 16, − 15 and − 13,5 bTDC, and it was found that the combustion characteristics of soybean biodiesel are optimum at SOI = − 15 bTDC. These results indicate that the biodiesel fuel can be used as an alternative and environmentally friendly fuel in the engine without any modifications.

Characterization of biodiesel based on plastic pyrolysis oil (PPO) and coconut oil: Performance and emission analysis using RSM-ANN approach

The work presents comparative study of the production and characterisation of sustainable biodiesel fuel made from waste plastics and virgin coconut oil. For characterisation, various chemical tests were performed, including Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GCMS). The emissions and performance of this fuel were investigated to determine whether it could be utilised in diesel engines without modification. RSM (response surface method) was used to design the experiments. ANN (artificial neural network) was used to model the relationship between the input and output parameters. It was seen that, 20 % hybrid blend with diesel showed a better output (33 %) than 10 % and 30 % blend. For 75 % of load, a value of 0.12 % (minimum) CO emission was obtained for the same blend with diesel fuel. Low proportion levels blends (10 %) have less amount of oxygen content, hence reduced in NOx (400 ppm). The ANN and RSM models were found to be fitting correctly with the experimental readings, with R2 ratios varying from 90 % to 93.5 %, respectively. The outcomes demonstrated that RSM and ANN were excellent modelling techniques with good accuracy. In addition, ANN's prediction performance (R2 = 0.9978 for BTE) was somewhat better than RSM's (R2 = 0.960 for BTE).

Production and quality characterization of biodiesel produced from green coconut Pulp

Brazil is one of the largest producers and consumers of green coconut in the world, with thousands of units harvested and destined for retail, wholesale and mainly for the bottling industries and fresh consumption in the beach regions, as its water basically represents the greatest source of interest. According to consumers, coconuts, after being consumed in water, are mostly destined for dumps and sanitary landfills that accumulate material annually, with a very voluminous shell and a decomposition time of up to 10 years. Note the possibility of obtaining oil and biodiesel from the pulp, thus being able to obtain a low cost oil for the production of biodiesel. The project in question seeks to carry out characterization tests of the density and specific mass and oxidation time of the Biodiesel obtained from the residual oil. The extraction of oil from the coconut pulp was performed using hexane from the Soxhlet extractor. Thus, it was verified that the percentages of extractive yield between 35 and 37% in oil mass, the results of acidity 0.37 mg KOH/g, density 0.887 kg/dm3 and specific mass 75.78%, meeting the ANP parameters for oils, coconut oil was later used for the synthesis of biodiesel from transesterification with a basic catalyst (KOH), at 45ºC, the time of oxidative stability of biodiesel was measured in a rancimeter, obtaining a time of 6h, being considered average, necessary the addition of stabilizers, while the dry coconut biodiesel exceeded the maximum analysis time of 12 hours, being even more stable.

Production, Characterization, and Exergy Analysis of the Soybean Biodiesel Produced by Laboratory Scale

The world's hegemonic energy model is mostly based on the burning of fossil fuels. The heavy reliance on oil, coal, and natural gas for power generation as well as the pollution resulting from burning such fuels is a growing global concern. Biodiesel from the transesterification of vegetable oils is a promising alternative source for diesel engines. The ANP, National Agency of Petroleum, Natural Gas and Biofuels, regulates fuels in Brazil. In this work, soybean biodiesel was produced on a laboratory scale through an alkaline transesterification reaction. An analysis of the exegetic efficiency of the process, the physical-chemical characterization of biodiesel, and a brief discussion on the following parameters were carried out: higher and lower calorific value, water content, specific mass at 20°C, kinematic viscosity at 40°C, acidity index and oxidative stability, verifying the adequacy to the parameters of ANP Resolutions nº 45/2014 and nº 798/2019. Considering the exergetic efficiency of 63.42% and the physical-chemical characterization, despite the non-conformities in water content and oxidative stability, soybean biodiesel proved to be a satisfactory alternative for renewable fuel.