Characteristics Of Suspended Matter Research Articles

Detection and Analysis of the Causes of Intensive Harmful Algal Bloom in Kamchatka Based on Satellite Data

In this paper, the causes of the anomalous harmful algal bloom which occurred in the fall of 2020 in Kamchatka have been detected and analyzed using a long-term time series of heterogeneous satellite and simulated data with respect to the sea surface height (HYCOM) and temperature (NOAA OISST), chlorophyll-a concentration (MODIS Ocean Color SMI), slick parameters (SENTINEL-1A/B), and suspended matter characteristics (SENTINEL-2A/B, C2RCC algorithm). It has been found that the harmful algal bloom was preceded by temperature anomalies (reaching 6 °C, exceeding the climatic norm by more than three standard deviation intervals) and intensive ocean level variability followed by the generation of vortices, mixing water masses and providing nutrients to the upper photic layer. The harmful algal bloom itself was manifested in an increase in the concentration of chlorophyll-a, its average monthly value for October 2020 (bloom peak) approached 15 mg/m3, exceeding the climatic norm almost four-fold for the region of interest (Avacha Gulf). The zones of accumulation of a large amount of biogenic surfactant films registered in radar satellite imagery correlate well with the local regions of the highest chlorophyll-a concentration. The harmful bloom was influenced by river runoff, which intensively brought mineral and biogenic suspensions into the marine environment (the concentration of total suspended matter within the plume of the Nalycheva River reached 10 mg/m3 and more in 2020), expanding food resources for microalgae.

Estimation of the Total Concentration of Suspended Matter and Its Organic and Mineral Fractions in Lake Baikal by the Secchi Disk

Based on the measurements of light scattering functions in different regions of Lake Baikal in summer 1979, the characteristics of suspended matter in surface waters are calculated, including the mass and number concentrations of particles of suspended matter and its different fractions. From this data, the relationships with Secchi Disk are derived. The formula for the relationship between the mass concentration of suspended matter and the Secchi Disk for Lake Baikal is compared with similar formulas for marine waters.

Characteristics of suspended matter in the River Sava watershed, Slovenia

A combination of C/N ratios, δ13C and δ15N values in suspended matter was used to examine the seasonal (late summer 2004 and spring 2005) relationship with hydrological characteristics of the River Sava watershed in Slovenia. The values of C/N ratios range from 1.2 to 19.1, δ13C values range from−29.2 to−23.0 ‰ and δ15N values from 0.5 to 16.7 ‰ and indicate that the samples are a mixture of two end members: modern soils and plant litter. A simple mixing model was used to indicate that soil organic carbon prevails over plant litter and contributes more than 50% of suspended material. The calculated annual particulate organic carbon flux is estimated as 5.2×1010 g C/year, the annual particulate nitrogen flux 8.5×109 g N/year and the total suspended solid flux is estimated to be 1.3×1012 g/year. Anthropogenic impact was detected only in a tributary stream of the River Sava, which is located in an agriculture–industrial area and is reflected in higher δ15N values in suspended matter and high nitrate concentrations in the late summer season.

Water clarity modeling in Lake Tahoe: Linking suspended matter characteristics to Secchi depth

Water clarity modeling in Lake Tahoe: Linking suspended matter characteristics to Secchi depth