Characteristic Luminescence Properties Research Articles

A brief review of characteristic luminescence properties of Eu3+ in mixed-anion compounds.

Trivalent europium (Eu3+) ions show red luminescence with sharp spectral lines owing to the intraconfigurational 4f-4f transitions. Because of their characteristic luminescence properties, various Eu3+-doped inorganic compounds have been developed to meet the demands of optoelectronic devices. Regardless of shielding by the outer 5s and 5p orbitals, the properties of the Eu3+:4f-4f transition depend on the local environment, such as the shapes of the coordination polyhedra, site symmetry, nephelauxetic effects, crystal field effects, and bonding character. Mixed-anion coordination, where multiple types of anions surround a single Eu3+ ion, can directly affect the optical properties of Eu3+. We review the luminescence properties of Eu3+ ions in mixed-anion compounds of the oxynitride YSiO2N and oxyhalides YOX (X = Cl or Br). Oxynitride and oxyhalide coordination results in characteristic transition probabilities and branching ratios of the 5D0 → 7F0-6 transitions due to distorted structural environments and red-shifted charge transfer excitation bands due to an upward shift of the valence band. The expected and experimentally observed features of Eu3+ luminescence in mixed-anion compounds are outlined based on band and Judd-Ofelt theories. Future applications of the intense red luminescence at ∼620 nm under near-ultraviolet light illumination in Eu3+-doped mixed-anion compounds are introduced, and material design guidelines for new functional Eu3+-doped phosphors are presented.

Tunable luminescence and efficient energy transfer investigation of a borosilicate phosphor KBSi2O6: Bi3+, Eu3+ with hypersensitive thermal quenching

Energy transfer between Bi3+ and Eu3+ has undergone substantial research but Bi3+ and Eu3+ co-doped luminescent materials with high energy transfer efficiency for temperature sensing are rarely investigated until now. Herein, Eu3+ and Bi3+ co-doped KBSi2O6 phosphors were successfully synthesized by solid-state reaction method. The phase purity structure as well as the element distribution were carefully investigated through X-ray diffraction structural refinement and energy dispersive spectrometer analysis. The characteristic luminescence property and luminescence kinetics of KBSi2O6: Bi3+, Eu3+ were investigated. By the large spectra overlap between the emission spectrum of Bi3+ and excitation spectrum of Eu3+, the energy transfer from Bi3+ to Eu3+ can be inferred. The corresponding decrease of the emission intensity and decay time of Bi3+ in KBSi2O6: Bi3+, Eu3+ provided direct evidence for the effective energy transfer from Bi3+ to Eu3+. The interaction and energy transfer mechanism between Bi3+ and Eu3+ ions were also studied. By increasing the Eu3+ concentration in KBSi2O6: Bi3+, Eu3+, the color-tunable emission from blue to red can be realized. KBSi2O6: Bi3+, Eu3+ shows hypersensitive thermal quenching behavior and the maximum absolute sensitivity (Sa) and relative sensitivity (Sr) are determined to be 1.87 %K−1 and 2.895 %K−1, respectively. All of the above results imply that KBSi2O6: Bi3+, Eu3+ phosphor can be a color-tunable phosphor for optical temperature sensing.

Research Progress and Development of Near-Infrared Phosphors.

Near-infrared (NIR) light has attracted considerable attention in diverse applications, such as food testing, security monitoring, and modern agriculture. Herein, the advanced applications of NIR light, as well as various devices to realize NIR light, have been described. Among the diverse NIR light source devices, the NIR phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (pc-LED), serving as a new-generation NIR light source, has obtained attention due to its wavelength-tunable behavior and low-cost. As one of the key materials of the NIR pc-LED, a series of NIR phosphors have been summarized depending on the type of luminescence center. Meanwhile, the characteristic transitions and luminescence properties of the above phosphors are illustrated in detail. In addition, the status quo of NIR pc-LEDs, as well as the potential problems and future developments of NIR phosphors and applications have also been discussed.

Characteristic stacked structures and luminescent properties of dinuclear lanthanide complexes with pyrene units.

A novel design strategy of stacked organic fluorophores using dinuclear lanthanide (Ln(III)) complexes is demonstrated for the formation of excimer. The dinuclear Ln(III) complexes are composed of two Ln(III) (Eu(III) or Gd(III)) ions, six hexafluoroacetylacetonate (hfa), and two pyrene-based phosphine oxide ligands. Single-crystal analysis revealed a rigid pyrene-stacked structure via CH-F (pyrene/hfa) intramolecular interactions. The rigid aggregation structures of the two-typed organic ligands around Ln(III) resulted in high thermal stability (decomposition temperature: 340°C). The aggregated ligands exhibited excimer-type green emission from the stacked pyrene-center. The change in the Ln(III) ion promotes effective shifts of excimer emissions (Gd(III):500nm, Eu(III):490nm). The organic aggregation system using red-luminescent Eu(III) also provides temperature-sensitive ratiometric emission composed of π-π* and 4f-4f transitions by energy migration between aggregated ligands and Eu(III).

Molecular architecture, characterization, and applications of homoleptic heteronuclear 3d/4f metals’ complexes derived from bi-compartmental Schiff-base

A series of homoleptic heterotrinuclear 3d/4f metal complexes (2-6) of general formula [Zn2Ln(salopn)2(NO3)3H2O].CH3CN.H2O; where Ln = La (2), Nd (3), Sm (4), Gd (5) and Dy (6); have been synthesized by using tetradentate bi-compartmental Schiff base ligand, [2-((E)-(2-((E)-2-hydroxybenzylideneamino)phenylimino)methyl)phenol], and Zn(salopn) precursor (1). The unequivocal evidence of their structural motifs is obtained by characterizing the compounds through FT-IR spectroscopic, and single crystal XRD data, besides the elemental analyses. The trinuclear complex 6 shows that the ligand attached to the metals’ centers, Zn(II) and Dy(III) through N, O and O, O sites respectively. The zinc center is pentacoordinated having distorted square pyramidal geometry and to which Zn-O and Zn-N bond lengths lie in range 2.006-2.035 Å and 2.044-2.060 Å respectively. The dysprosium center is octa-coordinated which is attached to four oxygen atoms from salopn−2 and four oxygens from bidentate nitrate moieties, where Dy-O bond length is in range 2.292-2.517 Å. The photoluminescence (PL) data described that the heteronuclear complexes show characteristic luminescence properties and sensitization across the bi-compartmental ligand. The magnetic parameters for (2-6) are determined and their room temperature χm T and µeff values are found in range 0.18-15.12 emu.mole−1.K and 1.20-10.96 µB respectively that describe the paramagnetic nature.

Discrete terpyridine-lanthanide molecular and supramolecular complexes

Integrating the advantages of terpyridine (tpy) ligands with excellent chromophoric sensitization ability and lanthanides (Lns) with characteristic luminescent and magnetic properties, discrete terpyridine-lanthanide (tpy-Ln) molecular and supramolecular complexes are of great value in many fields and have drawn significant attention from the community of supramolecular chemistry, coordination chemistry and materials science. Compared to the well-documented coordination behavior between transition metals and tpy, the construction of tpy-Ln molecular and supramolecular complexes remains a longstanding challenge due to the high coordination diversity and the lack of stereochemical preference of Lns. Nevertheless, with the advancement of self-assembly strategies, i.e., employing diverse anions as capping components and utilizing secondary auxiliary ligands as well as engineering of tpy ligands, diverse tpy-Ln molecular and supramolecular complexes have been constructed and their potential applications have been explored. This review comprehensively summarizes the progress of discrete tpy-Ln molecular and supramolecular complexes in the past decades, covering the structures of mononuclear, binuclear and multinuclear architectures. Beyond structures, the potential applications of these tpy-Ln complexes are also introduced. This review aims to shed more light on the design and construction of novel discrete tpy-Ln supramolecular complexes and materials with molecular level precision and multiple functions through coordination-driven self-assembly.

Color-tunable luminescence and temperature sensing properties of a single-phase dual-emitting La2LiSbO6:Bi3+, Sm3+ phosphor

In this article, we present a systematic research on the structure, tunable luminescence and temperature sensing properties of Bi3+, Sm3+ singly/co-doped La2LiSbO6 phosphors, which were prepared via solid state reaction method. All the X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns of prepared samples showed very good coincidence with the pure La2LiSbO6 and the accurate lattice parameters were refined using high-quality XRD data. Under near ultraviolet excitation, the La2LiSbO6:Bi3+ phosphor exhibits a broad blue-violet band corresponding to the 3P1 →1S0 transition of Bi3+ ions, whereas the La2LiSbO6:Sm3+ phosphor exhibits characteristic luminescence properties of Sm3+ with four emission bands in the reddish-orange region. The large overlap between the emission spectrum of Bi3+ and excitation spectrum of Sm3+ leads to efficient energy transfer (ET) from Bi3+ to Sm3+ ions, which is also demonstrated by the emission spectra and decay curves of Bi3+ in La2LiSbO6:Bi3+, Sm3+ phosphors. On the basis of the Dexter and Reifsfeld's theory, the critical distance for ET between Bi3+ and Sm3+ was calculated to be 12.05 Å and the ET mechanism was determined to be a dipole-dipole interaction. Furthermore, because of the huge discrepancy between the thermal quenching rates of Bi3+ and Sm3+, the La2LiSbO6:Bi3+, Sm3+ phosphor exhibits excellent optical sensitivity to temperatures with a large relative sensitivity (Sr) of 1.48%K−1. Finally, the potential application of the La2LiSbO6:Sm3+ phosphor in indoor illumination was also evaluated according to the photoelectric parameters of the fabricated LED.

Local structure modification for identifying the site preference and characteristic luminescence property of Eu2+ ions in full-color emission phosphors Sr18Mg3(PO4)14:Eu2+

An understanding on the site preference of luminescence centers in phosphors serves as a starting point to illustrate the relationship between structure and luminescence. Till now, various methods such as theoretical calculation or modern testing techniques are employed to analyze their luminescent behavior and intrinsic mechanism. The present study proposes a local structure modification method to confirm the site occupation of Eu2+ ions in a whitlockite-type phosphor Sr18Mg3(PO4)14: Eu2+. The result shows that Eu2+ ions can not only occupy Sr2+ sites but also substitute partial Mg2+ sites in Sr18Mg3(PO4)14. Owing to this, three emission bands centered at 420 (blue), 520 (green) and 620 nm (red) are simultaneously observed upon ultraviolet light excitation, resulting in a full color emission in Sr18Mg3(PO4)14: Eu2+ phosphors. Meanwhile, the detailed structure information of Sr18Mg3(PO4)14 are renewedly evaluated and the optical spectroscopy property, decay curves and thermal quenching behavior as well as related mechanism of Sr18Mg3(PO4)14: Eu2+ are studied in detail. Finally, an ultraviolet light pumped white LED is fabricated with suitable CCT of 4663 K and high Ra of 82. The current analysis provides a deep insight into the origin of Eu2+ luminescence and its relationship with local lattice environment, which paves a new avenue to identify the site preference of luminescence centers.

Metal-organic frameworks from pre-synthesized heterometallic (d-f) complexes: Synthesis, structure and luminescent properties

The use of heterometallic pivalate complexes [M2Ln(piv)7(H2O)2] (M = Zn2+, Cd2+; Ln = Eu3+, Tb3+; piv– = pivalate anion) as sources of heterometallic sites in the reaction with 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid (H2ndc) makes it possible to fully preserve the geometry of the building block in the structure of the obtained metal–organic organic frameworks (MOFs). Solvothermal synthesis in dimethylformamide (DMF) results in a series of isostructural layered MOFs (Me2NH2)[M2Ln(dmf)2(ndc)4]·DMF. The structure of the MOF (Me2NH2)[Cd2Tb(dmf)2(ndc)4]·DMF was determined by the means of single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Compounds based on europium cations show characteristic luminescence in the red region, while compounds based on terbium cations do not exhibit characteristic green luminescent properties and have ligand-centered emission. The reactions of [Cd2Eu(piv)7(H2O)2] under similar conditions with 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (H2fdc) are complicated, with complete destruction of the heterometallic fragment. The composition and structure of the homometallic MOF (Me2NH2)2[Cd(fdc)2]·DMF·H2O obtained in such conditions were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction performed using synchrotron radiation.

Hydrothermal synthesis of N-doped carbon quantum dots and their application in ion-detection and cell-imaging

Carbon quantum dots (CQDs), owing to their characteristic luminescent properties, have become a new favorite in the field of luminescence. They have been widely used in light emitting diode, ion detection, cell-imaging, ect. Herein a facile synthesis method of nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) has been developedviaa one-step hydrothermal of glucose and m-phenylenediamine. The chemical composition, surface functional groups, and crystal structure of so prepared N-CQDs were systematically characterized. The characterizations indicate that nitrogen has been chemically doped in the CQDs and the N-CQDs crystallize in a graphene structure. Photoluminescence (PL) measurements show that the N-CQDs emit strong blue emission under the irradiation of ultraviolet. The emission is excitation-dependent, is resistant to photo bleaching and high ionic strength, and slightly decreases with the increase of temperature. The quantum yield of them is about 17.5%. The PL intensity of N-CQDs quenches linearly with the increase of the concentrations of Fe3+(0.5–1.0 mM) and CrO42−(0.3–0.6 mM), which are a kind of excellent fluorescent probe for the detection of Fe3+ and CrO42−. The quenching mechanism of Fe3+ and CrO42−is verified to be a static quenching mechanism based on inner filter effect. The N-CQDs are also found to be a good cell-imaging reagent of Hela cells.

L-lysine-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ microcrystals: Morphology evolution, luminescence and magnetic properties

Eu3+ doped β-NaGdF4 microcrystals were prepared by using an L-lysine-assisted hydrothermal synthetic method and the morphology evolution was successfully controlled. Hierarchical β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ microcrystals with different morphologies were obtained by changing the moles of L-lysine and the volume of H2O, respectively. The photoluminescence properties of the β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ samples with different morphology were comparatively discussed, in which the hollow hexagonal tube-like β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ exhibited the strongest fluorescence emission intensity owing to the high crystallinity. The characteristic luminescence properties of Tb3+-single doped, Yb3+/Er3+-, and Yb3+/Tm3+-codoped NaGdF4 microcrystals obtained in the presence of L-lysine under hydrothermal condition were also investigated. The superparamagnetic performance of β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ samples at 3 K were characterized in comparison to their paramagnetic property at 300 K, and the results indicated that all samples are paramagnetic at room temperature and the hollow tube-like β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ microcrystals exhibits best saturation magnetization values of 111.11 emu/g at 3 K. The results imply that the morphology-tunable β-NaGdF4:Eu3+ microcrystals are expected to have promising applications for micro/nano optical/magnetic functional devices.

Optical and Defect Properties in Nearly Stochiometry ZnO Film Coated on Si (111) by Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Method

ZnO is one of ceramic semiconductor material, which has interesting properties due its wide bandgap energy (3.4 eV), and it may be used in many optoelectronic devices. Optical and Defects properties of ZnO could affect the properties of the devices. ZnO films have been deposited on Si (111) substrate by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (U.S.P.) method at temperatures 400oC, 450oC, and 500oC. The samples consist of two part, annealed and non-annealed heat treatment. The annealed treatment was conducted at temperature 800oC for 2 hours. The XRD pattern revealed that the ZnO film is a polycrystalline. The T.E.M. characterization showed that non stochiometry of the ZnO film present. From the UV-vis pattern, the transition of electrons is affected by the defect present. The ZnO films show a characteristic luminescence properties. It found three defects, there are oxygen vacancies (Vo), oxygen interstitial (Oi), and an electron transition from the level of the ionized oxygen vacancies to the valence band, that is responsible for green band emission.

Multicolor luminescent GdVO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Dy and Sm) nanophosphors prepared by a protected calcination method

Multicolor GdVO4:Ln3+ (Ln = Eu, Dy and Sm) nanophosphors with high crystallinity and good luminescence properties were prepared using a protected calcination method. The as-prepared nanophosphors consist of well-crystallized tetragonal phase and show cubic morphology with uniform size around 50 nm. Under the excitation of ultraviolet (UV) light, the nanophosphors doped with different lanthanide ions exhibit strong and characteristic emissions of different colors in the visible spectral region. The characteristic luminescence properties of these GdVO4:Ln3+ nanophosphors are assigned to the intense absorption of UV light through the vanadate group (VO43−), followed by efficient energy transfer to the inside Ln3+ emitters. This protected calcination approach could overcome the current key barriers in regard to high crystallinity oxide nanoparticle synthesis, and will facilitate the broad use of these multicolor nanophosphors in nanostructured devices and biotechnological applications.

Effect of gold nanoparticles on intrinsic material parameters and luminescent characteristics of nematic liquid crystals

In the present work, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been dispersed into the pure nematic liquid crystal (NLC) mesopahse ZLI 3497–100 (based on cyclohexyl cyclohcxanes and aromatic esters) in different concentration. We have investigated the characteristic dielectric, electro-optical, visco-elastic and luminescent properties emanated by GNP-NLC matrix. Inclusion of GNPs has greatly enhanced the alignment of NLC molecules and affects the molecular orientation as observed by improvement in the switching time of the GNP-NLC matrix along with decrement in visco-elastic parameters. Relative permittivity along with diffusion coefficient and ionic concentration is found to be decreasing for the GNP dispersed NLC system as compared to the pure NLC. This decrement in the permittivity value can be inferred due to dipolar contributions of GNPs in NLC and reduction in ionic contribution on dispersion of GNPs. The ion-entrapping ability of GNPs is determined through the comparative measurement of bias voltage characteristics for pure NLC and the synthesized composites. Variation in molecular dynamics and luminescence behavior under the influence of GNPs is confirmed by photoluminescence and Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The outcome of the present investigation can be employed in fabrication of photonic applications and photovoltaic devices.

Strong luminescence and sharp heavy metal ion sensitivity of water-soluble hybrid polysaccharide nanoparticles with Eu3+ and Tb3+ inclusions

In this work, we contributed new lanthanide (Eu3+ and Tb3+) complexes that were embedded in both positively and negatively charged polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles (PCN). Luminescent Eu3+ complexes [Eu(TTA)3Phen] are formed from Eu3+ using 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (TTA) and 1,10-phenanothroline hydrate (Phen) as ligands. Luminescent Tb3+ complexes [Tb(AcAc)3Phen] are formed from Tb3+ using acetyl acetone (AcAc) and Phen as ligands. Then, polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles(PCN) are applied to embed lanthanide (Eu3+ and Tb3+) complexes with two forms of positive charged and negative charged PCNs. PCN/Eu(TTA)3Phen and PCN/Tb(AcAc)3Phen show that the particle sizes are 40–60 nm and 30–80 nm, respectively. Notably, both hybrid PCN nanoparticles with Eu3+ and Tb3+ inclusions behave excellent characteristic luminescence properties. The red emission hybrid nanoparticles of PCN/Eu(TTA)3Phen indicate high luminescence intensities at low concentration of 10−5 M whereas The green emission hybrid nanoparticles of PCN/Eu(TTA)3Phen show high luminescence intensity at high concentration of 10−3 M. Furthermore, concentration-dependent luminescence quenching by heavy metal ions (Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+, Fe3+, and Zn2+) at concentrations as low as 10−5 M is also reported. This quenching effect of heavy metal ions on the fluorescence property of PCN/Eu(TTA)3Phen and PCN/Tb(AcAc)3Phen nanoparticles will be valuable for sensing application on bio- and environmental fields. The charged polyelectrolyte polymeric shells of both PCN/Eu(TTA)3Phen and PCN/Tb(AcAc)3Phen nanoparticles make the lanthanide(Eu3+ and Tb3+) complexes be compatible in biological and aqueous environmental systems.

Novel layered niobate phosphors SrBaNb4O12:Re3+ (Re= Eu, Dy, Sm and Pr): Crystal structure, electronic structure and luminescence property investigation

Abstract A series of rare earth ions doped novel niobate phosphors SrBaNb4O12:Re3+ (Re= Eu, Dy, Sm and Pr) were successfully developed through solid state reaction. The phase composition and morphology were investigated through X-ray structure refinement, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer. The layered crystal structure of SrBaNb4O12 and the local lattice environment of Re3+ were discussed in detail. The electronic structure property and density of states were calculated based on density functional theory. To investigate the characteristic luminescence property, the excitation and emission spectra, fluorescence lifetimes and Commission Internationale de l’E′clairage (CIE) chromaticity index of SrBaNb4O12:Re3+ (Re= Eu, Dy, Sm and Pr) series phosphors were determined as well.

Schiff base rare earth metal complexes: Studies on functional, optical and thermal properties and assessment of antibacterial activity

We used the condensation chemistry with anthracene‑9‑carbaldehyde and 3,4‑diaminopyridine to form Schiff base (SB) ligand, N2,N3‑bis (anthracen‑9‑ylmethylene) pyridine‑3,4‑diamine incorporating Er, Pr and Yb rare earth metals to form a series of SB complexes. Surface, structure, thermal, and optical properties of the resulting complexes were investigated using a variety of tools. The characteristic luminescence properties were observed after rare earth metal inclusions in SB. Antibacterial studies were performed against Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in terms of zone of inhibition for SB complexes. The SB-Pr complexes showed better immune behavior against all the pathogens than the other SB metal complexes.

Luminescent Lanthanide MOFs: A Unique Platform for Chemical Sensing.

In recent years, lanthanide metal–organic frameworks (LnMOFs) have developed to be an interesting subclass of MOFs. The combination of the characteristic luminescent properties of Ln ions with the intriguing topological structures of MOFs opens up promising possibilities for the design of LnMOF-based chemical sensors. In this review, we present the most recent developments of LnMOFs as chemical sensors by briefly introducing the general luminescence features of LnMOFs, followed by a comprehensive investigation of the applications of LnMOF sensors for cations, anions, small molecules, nitroaromatic explosives, gases, vapors, pH, and temperature, as well as biomolecules.

A novel temperature sensitive Sm3+ doped niobate orange-red phosphor: The synthesis and characteristic luminescent property investigation

Sm3+ activated niobate orange-red phosphors Ba3ZrNb4O15: Sm3+ with temperature sensitive quenching behavior are firstly prepared with high temperature solid-state reaction method. The phase purity, characteristic luminescence property, decay times and thermal stability are systematically determined by employing X-ray diffractometer, photoluminescence spectra and temperature dependent emission spectra. The photoluminescence spectra shows that Ba3ZrNb4O15: xSm3+ (0.005 ≤ x ≤ 0.04) can absorb near-ultraviolet light around 407nm and emit orange-red emissions with dominated peak at 598nm, ascribed to the 4G5/2 to 6H7/2 transitions of Sm3+ ions. The optimal doping content as well as the Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage chromaticity coordinates of Ba3ZrNb4O15: Sm3+ is studied. The energy transfer mechanism and the critical distance Rc are investigated. The temperature dependent emission spectra reveal that Ba3ZrNb4O15: xSm3+ exhibit temperature sensitive thermal quenching behavior and the thermal quenching mechanism is discussed. The results show that the orange-red phosphors Ba3ZrNb4O15: Sm3+ have potential applications in some temperature sensitive devices.

Crystal structure and characteristic luminescence properties investigation of novel red-emitting phosphor Na3MgZr(PO4)3:Eu3+ for white light-emitting diodes

A series of novel red emission phosphors Na3MgZr(PO4)3:Eu3+ was synthesized by solid state reaction. The phase purity, crystal structure of Na3MgZr(PO4)3 host and the site occupancy behaviour of Eu3+ were investigated through X-ray diffraction refinement and series X-ray diffraction patterns analysis. The structure and temperature related luminescence properties were studied in detail by photoluminescence excitation, emission spectra and decay times. Upon 393 nm excitation, Na3MgZr(PO4)3:Eu3+ phosphor can exhibit strong red emission dominated at 611 nm (5D0–7F2 transitions) with excellent thermal stability. The thermal stability property and the quenching mechanism were investigated. The observed abnormal transitions from 5D1 energy level were discussed. The results indicated that Na3MgZr(PO4)3:Eu3+ could be a suitable red-emitting phosphor candidate for white light emitting diodes.