Character Traits Research Articles

EKSPLORASI PENOKOHAN DAN KONFLIK INTERPERSONAL DALAM NOVEL PERANG BUBAT KARYA AAN MERDEKA PERMANA

The urgency for innovation in senior high school literature teaching materials has prompted this research. Historical novels with a psychological literary perspective are still rarely used as teaching materials. Hence, this research focuses on analyzing the characterization and conflicts in Aan Merdeka Permana's novel Perang Bubat as an alternative teaching material for senior high school literature. Employing a qualitative approach with a descriptive method, this research gathered data in the form of words and analyzed it using Sigmund Freud's psychoanalytic theory. The analyzed characters include Dyah Pitaloka, Hayam Wuruk, Gajah Mada, and Prabu Lingga Buana. The findings reveal unique character traits in the characters of Aan Merdeka Permana's novel Perang Bubat. These unique characteristics are classified into the id, ego, and superego. The research results were then transformed into senior high school literature teaching materials in the form of teaching modules and handouts. It is recommended that Aan Merdeka Permana's novel Perang Bubat be used as a teaching material for senior high school literature, particularly for grade XII, as an alternative to outdated teaching materials. The proposed teaching materials in this research are teaching modules and handouts designed to facilitate the understanding of the novel.

Establishment of human pluripotent stem cell-derived cortical neurosphere model to study pathomechanisms and chemical toxicity in Kleefstra syndrome

In the present study, we aimed to establish and characterize a mature cortical spheroid model system for Kleefstra syndrome (KS) using patient-derived iPSC. We identified key differences in the growth behavior of KS spheroids determined by reduced proliferation marked by low Ki67 and high E-cadherin expression. Conversely, in the spheroid-based neurite outgrowth assay KS outperformed the control neurite outgrowth due to higher BDNF expression. KS spheroids were highly enriched in VGLUT1/2-expressing glutamatergic and ChAT-expressing cholinergic neurons, while TH-positive catecholamine neurons were significantly underrepresented. Furthermore, high NMDAR1 expression was also detected in the KS spheroid, similarly to other patients-derived neuronal cultures, denoting high NMDAR1 expression as a general, KS-specific marker. Control and KS neuronal progenitors and neurospheres were exposed to different toxicants (paraquat, rotenone, bardoxolone, and doxorubicin), and dose-response curves were assessed after acute exposure. Differentiation stage and compound-specific differences were detected with KS neurospheres being the most sensitive to paraquat. Altogether this study describes a robust 3D model system expressing the disease-specific markers and recapitulating the characteristic pathophysiological traits. This platform is suitable for testing developing brain-adverse environmental effects interactions, drug development, and screening towards individual therapeutic strategies.

Exploring the Strategies Used in Subtitling Nicknames from English to Arabic

Nicknames in audiovisual content serve multiple purposes including, highlighting character traits, adding humor, fostering familiarity, and revealing relationships within the narrative. Subtitling these names can be challenging, due to their culture-specific and connotative nature. However, there is a noticeable lack of research on the strategies involved in subtitling them, particularly from English to Arabic. Therefore, this study aimed to address this gap by identifying, analyzing, and assessing the strategies subtitlers used in subtitling nicknames from English to Arabic. To achieve this, 41 subtitles containing nicknames were selected from the first season of the TV series Lost and analyzed based on Pedersen’s (2011) taxonomy of strategies. Data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Results showed frequent use of Retention, Direct translation, Situational Substitution, and Omission strategies which failed to convey the intended meaning causing a deviation from the original effect. The used strategies suggested a tendency to untranslated them. Therefore, it was recommended to consider the functional aspects of the nicknames and the significance of conveying their intended meaning to enhance the effectiveness of nickname subtitling and improve viewer experience. Instructors of translation are also recommended to pay sufficient heed to the teaching of strategies of nickname subtitling.

Character-Based Thematic Learning: Integrating the Values of Honesty and Responsibility in Elementary Schools

This research explores the integration of honesty and responsibility into thematic learning at MIS Nurul Yaqin Sambas and SD Inpres 6 Lolu, Palu City. Thematic learning, which combines various subjects through real-life contexts, provides a unique opportunity to instill character values in students. A qualitative case study approach was used, with data collected via observation, interviews, and document analysis. Observations focused on students' behaviors, while semi-structured interviews explored teachers' and students' experiences. Thematic analysis was applied, followed by data triangulation to ensure validity. The findings show that incorporating honesty and responsibility into thematic learning significantly improved students' awareness and behavior related to these values. Students demonstrated increased honesty and responsibility in their daily activities, while teachers played a crucial role by creating a supportive environment, using real-life examples, and recognizing positive behavior. This study suggests that integrating character values into thematic learning is an effective approach for elementary education, fostering students with strong moral and responsible character traits.

Структура психологических последствий контртеррористической деятельности: дифференцированный подход к реабилитации

Introduction. The article deals with the structure of psychological consequences affecting the officers of internal affairs bodies who took part in the counter-terrorist operation (as part of combined units) in the territory of the Chechen Republic. The relevance of the research is determined by the necessity of substantiation of indications for a differentiated approach to medical and psychological rehabilitation of the law enforcement officers having performed service and combat tasks in special conditions. Methods. The research involved 110 officers of internal affairs bodies, average age 29,38±6,5 years; average period of being in the zone of armed conflict 146,9±79,8 days; number of missions 1,41±0,65. Research methods: anonymous questionnaire, standardised multifactor method of personality research, 16-factor personality questionnaire of R. Kettell, accentuation type identification test of H. Smishek, projective technique ‘Hand-test’, drawing association test of S. Rosenzweig, traumatic stress intensity questionnaire of I. O. Kotenev. Statistical processing of the results was carried out by methods of descriptive and factor analysis (method of principal components and varimax-rotation of the factor structure). Results. The author found six factors that explain 81.89 % of the total dispersion of traits in the structure of psychological consequences of counter-terrorist activity. Two of them - ‘posttraumatic’ (21.4 %) and ‘stuck-posttraumatic’ (7.57 %) factors - include symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder, as well as predictors contributing to its prolonged flow. Signs of ‘subthreshold’ (prenosological) posttraumatic stress disorder, in the form of characteristic personality traits were identified: pessimism, psychasthenia, neurotic control, rigidity, impulsiveness, aggressiveness, cyclothymia, emotional ambivalence, ‘getting stuck’ on affect, frustration fixation on self-protection, anxiety, suspiciousness, sensitivity, guilt, social introversion, passivity, egocentricity. They are part of five out of six factors (‘posttraumatic’, ‘unproductive frustration response’, ‘demonstrative-neurotic’, ‘rigid-affective’, ‘stuck-posttraumatic’) and need both timely and diverse measures of medical and psychological rehabilitation. Psychological peculiarities included in the ‘hyperthymic-conform’ factor (12.06% of the variance) can be compensated by psychological correction. The author analysed foreign and national methods of psychological rehabilitation of posttraumatic stress disorder, identified psychotherapeutic ‘targets’ of influence and proposed measures of psychological rehabilitation of internal affairs officers with regard to the factor structure of the consequences.

The Current Role of Retro Marketing

In uncertain times, people like to think back to the good old days. Different industries are taking advantage of this nostalgia and using old-style packaging or old logos for marketing purposes. Consumers are addressed on an emotional level and this marketing model is successful with target groups with certain character traits. This article is intended to take a deep insight into character traits that are appealing to retro marketing. The work on retro marketing aims to investigate and analyse how and why retro marketing strategies affect consumers, and what are the main motivations behind buying retro products. The work also seeks to understand which age groups are most responsive to retro marketing campaigns, what role nostalgia plays in attracting consumers, and how retro brands and products are used to create an authentic image and emotional connection with customers. Therefore, research was conducted to determine the lifestyle of consumers of retro products and to understand the key factors that influence their purchasing decisions. The research aimed to identify specific patterns of behaviour, values and preferences of consumers who prefer retro products, as well as to investigate to what extent their lifestyle contributes to their preference for these products. The research also analysed how consumers perceive retro products - whether they perceive them as symbols of quality, authenticity or perhaps innovation in a contemporary context. The results of the research will provide insight into the demographic characteristics of consumers, their motives for shopping, and the role that retro products play in their everyday life and identity. Based on these insights, developing more precise marketing strategies adapted to target groups is possible.

Constantes personalistas de la naturaleza humana en José Ortega y Gasset

In the thought of the Spanish philosopher José Ortega y Gasset, we can speak of human nature and of personalistic character traits in that nature. We analyze several personalistic categories and constants in his philosophy. We deal especially with three: solitude, company and vocation. From there we approach the philosopher's openness to the personal reality of God.

Genomic Instability in the Lymphocytes of Dogs with Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Genome instability is a characteristic trait of tumours and includes changes in DNA and in chromosomes. The aim of the study was to identify chromosome damage using the sister chromatid exchange assay and DNA fragmentation by the comet assay in dogs with cancer, as well as to determine the suitability of these techniques for the assessment of chromatin stability in healthy and sick dogs. The assays identified genomic instabilities in dogs with cancer (squamous cell carcinoma) and in healthy dogs. The genetic assays are very sensitive and can be used as biomarkers of normal DNA replication and repair potential and the maintenance of control over the entire cell cycle. The use of the cytogenetic tests will enable the more precise assessment of genome stability and integrity in animals and make it possible to determine the number of chromosomal instabilities generated in a given individual, which can be indicative of its health status. The identification of instabilities can be used in routine diagnostic examination in dogs with cancer for more accurate diagnosis and prognosis.

Habitat type controls microarthropod community changes across a Magellanic sub-Antarctic elevation gradient

IntroductionElevation gradients are often used as a proxy for climate change as they allow comparisons of ecological responses over much larger temporal and spatial scales than is possible through experimental manipulations.MethodsHere, we tested how microarthropod communities (Collembola and Acari) are affected by climatic differences between sea level and 600 m a.s.l. on Navarino Island, in the Magellanic sub-Antarctic ecoregion of southern Chile (mean annual temperatures of 5.6 vs 3.1°C, respectively). We quantified microarthropod abundance, richness and community trait characteristics in dominant moss (Racomitrium lanuginosum and Polytrichum strictum) and lichen (Usnea trachycarpa, Pseudocyphellaria freycinetii and Stereocaulon alpinum) vegetation growing at both elevations. These moss and lichen genera are characterized by large morphological differences and allow testing of how habitat characteristics affect microarthropod community response across elevation gradients.ResultsCollembola and Acari community composition differed between the low and high elevation sites. Total abundance levels of Acari were maintained in each habitat across elevation, whereas Collembola richness strongly declined (50%) at high elevation in the moss habitats. Acari community differences across elevation were driven by relative abundance changes whereas the Collembola community lost species at higher elevation. An anticipated decline of smaller eudaphic Collembola at high elevation was only observed in the moss Racomitrium, reflecting potentially lower temperature buffering capacity and shelter options compared to Polytrichum. Lichens mostly supported larger epigeic species irrespective of elevation. There were no consistent patterns linking microarthropod communities with habitat water holding capacity or water loss rates across the studied habitats and elevation.DiscussionHabitat type and the genus of moss or lichen were associated with microarthropod community changes across elevation, including examples of declines, increases and no change. These findings highlight that community responses across gradients may not always relate to the generally hypothesized environmental variables (e.g. temperature variability) and that habitat characteristics should be taken into account when using elevation as a proxy for climate change.

A Mixed Methods Study on Character Traits of Nursing Students and Faculty Influencing a 100% Passing Rate in the Nursing Licensure Exam in the Philippines.

This study explores the character traits contributing to the 100% passing rate of nursing graduates in the Nursing Licensure Examination (NLE) in the Philippines over the past decade. Understanding these traits provides insights into the factors driving academic and professional success in nursing. Employing a convergent parallel mixed methods design, this study combined quantitative and qualitative approaches. Data were collected through electronic surveys from 222 nursing alumni and 39 faculty members, focusing on character traits and behaviors linked to NLE success. The quantitative data were analyzed using Statistical Product and Service Solutions (SPSS, version 29; IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Armonk, NY) for descriptive statistics and factor analysis. Additionally, in-depth interviews with 21 alumni and 15 faculty members provided qualitative insights. Data saturation was reached with 11 faculty and 13 alumni, ensuring comprehensive coverage of the participants' experiences. Quantitative results from factor analysis showed that spirituality, love of learning, honesty, and kindness are among the qualities that are necessary for success in NLE. These character traits have a significant impact on both career readiness and academic performance. Qualitative results revealed the importance of resilience, faculty support, and peer relationships in fostering these attributes. It became evident that building a healthy learning environment required the support of peers and professors and that resilience was necessary to manage the stress of tests. Both datasets emphasized the need for a strong character and academic achievement in conjunction with long-term success. The study highlights that obtaining a high NLE passing rate is mostly dependent on academic knowledge in addition to character attributes. Character education techniques such as role-playing, reflective writing, and service-learning can be incorporated into nursing curricula to improve attributes such as empathy and resilience. Continuous faculty development and structured mentorship are also crucial. Character development must be incorporated into academic learning in nursing education. Focusing on qualities such as empathy, resilience, and ethical judgment, along with implementing character education tactics such as service-learning and reflective writing, are crucial to prepare graduates to succeed in professional practice and board exams. A comprehensive approach that blends character development with academic achievement produces skilled and compassionate healthcare professionals.

A Comparative Study of Santosh Wagh and Inspector Gowda: Exploring Detective Archetypes

This paper presents a comparative analysis of Santosh Wagh from Private India by Ashwin Sanghi and James Patterson and Inspector Gowda from Anita Nair’s Chain of Custody. By examining their character traits, investigative methods, personal struggles, societal contexts, and how they align with classic detective archetypes, this study highlights the distinct ways these characters embody the evolution of Indian detective fiction. This analysis seeks to underscore how the blending of personal conflict and broader social critique contributes to the richness of the genre.

A Briefly Study on Women Education

Education is a process of learning and developing knowledge, skill and character traits. It can take many forms including formal, non-formal and informal learning. Swami Vivekananda says no expectation of the progress of a family or a country can be achieved where women are not educated and are leading a pitiable life. Women education is very important for the country to fully develop. It is like an effective medicine to cure a patient completely and provide health back. According Mahatma Gandhi, “By education I mean an all-round drawing out of the best in man body, mind and spirit.” Women, has given a prominent place in the family set-up by our heritage and culture. Today in the modern age women, has an important role to play in the national development at large.

INSTITUTIONAL ART CRITICISM IN 20TH- AND 21ST-CENTURY IN KAZAKHSTAN

The independence of Kazakhstan and its state sovereignty became important reforming factors in the new social fabric and worldview of the nation, its culture and art, the main component of which is the replacement of former political ideals and the mythologization of its own past. In Kazakhstan, official and unofficial art lives side by side and is displayed in various exhibition venues, which avoids a mindset of opposition and allows for art historians and curators to create divisions by preference. In Kazakhstan, there is a long-overdue need for serious comprehension of, and fixation on, artistic initiatives. Here, we are not regarding ‘fixation’ as the photography and videography of events; we need something different – analysis of the work of individual researchers, painting a picture of the direction of research and the development of the creative side of art criticism institutions in Kazakhstan. This article is an attempt to understand the realities of 21st-century Kazakhstani fine art. It is important to determine the most important institutions and bring the achievements of art criticism in Kazakhstan to the global community, based on the work of individual researchers. Aiming to grasp and examine the main directions and goals of contemporary art critics, we have discovered the individual directions and themes of leading researchers, which serves as a basis for the revealing the characteristic traits of art criticism in Kazakhstan through the prism of individual knowledge and passions.

Local factors drive leaf breakdown in tropical streams

Plants of riparian forests provide abundant dead leaves for freshwater stream ecosystems which support detritus-based food webs. The increased replacement from natural riparian forests to Eucalyptus plantations, an exotic species distributed throughout the neotropic landscapes, alters leaf breakdown as a key ecosystem process. We evaluate the breakdown of native and exotic leaf species with distinct physical and chemical characteristics (traits) in two different tropical reference condition streams located in Cerrado and Atlantic Forest biomes. We tested the hypothesis that regardless of the leaves’ origin (native or non-native species), leaf litter with higher nutrients and less recalcitrant compounds has higher decay rates. Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaf breakdown was faster than the native species Miconia chartacea in both streams. Leaf breakdown was driven by local characteristics (context dependent) and the macrodecomposer community, with more intensity to the litter's intrinsic physical and chemical quality. The higher leaf breakdown of E. camaldulensis was evidenced in the Atlantic Forest stream, that with the most increased water flow, further accelerating the leaf breakdown. Our findings indicate that due to the innate physical and chemical characteristics of E. camaldulensis, its decomposition occurs at a faster rate compared to native tropical species, as evidenced by the stream flows.

Формальная модель оценки образа персонажа художественного произведения (на материале романа Дж. Оруэлла «1984»)

The aim of the research is to develop and test a formal model for evaluating the image of a character in a fictional work based on the corpus approach. The scientific originality lies in the fact that for the first time such an analysis of the character of a fictional work is carried out on the basis of the corpus approach. In the course of the work, a balanced corpus of the original text of the novel “1984” by G. Orwell was formed, which includes the marking of hierarchical relationships between the tokens. A number of search queries to the corpus were carried out using the author’s software “Balanced Linguistic Corpus Generator and Corpus Manager”. With the help of this tool, a frequency list of proper names from the novel was obtained and lists of tokens characterizing its main characters were output. The data obtained is extracted during the operation of a special algorithm built into the corpus manager, which selects from the text significant character traits and related lexical units. Thus, a model for evaluating the image of a character is built as a formal description of a system of interconnected hierarchical text elements. The results of the study were analyzed and compared with the results of mental interpretation. Thus, the characters’ profiles were compiled in terms of a formal description of their actions and those objects to which their actions were directed.

Evaluation of an integration community project for asylum seekers in Sweden: physical activity adherence and changes in character traits and life satisfaction

Asylum seekers’ traumatic experiences in combination with discrimination, social isolation, and exclusion in the host country leads to low adherence from health and integration initiatives. Along with their inability to seek health care and physical inactivity, this situation increases their mental illness and, most importantly, decreases their well-being. In fact, the lack of well-being (e.g., life satisfaction) is a better marker of mortality and morbidity than the presence of mental illness. In this context, one of the major single determinants of well-being is character, a dimension of personality that stands for self-regulation, adaptation, and intentional conscious behavior (i.e., goals and values). Host countries often implement integration initiatives including activities aiming to attenuate mental illness, but only a handful are evaluated and reported, with even fewer addressing character development, increases in life satisfaction, or adherence. Our aim was to evaluate the integration initiative “Health for Everyone—Sport, Culture, and Integration”, a 10-week physical activity community project. Specifically, we investigated changes in life satisfaction and character traits (i.e., Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness, and Self-Transcendence) and if these variables, at baseline, predicted adherence and changes in physiological health (i.e., cardiorespiratory fitness, skeletal muscle mass, body fat mass, and visceral fat). Participants (n = 269) answered (pre and post measurements) the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Short Character Inventory, and undertook physiological tests. In addition, their attendance to the physical activity sessions was registered throughout the project (i.e., adherence). Participants showed no significant increases in Self-Directedness, Cooperativeness, or life satisfaction, but significant decreases in Self-Transcendence. Moreover, higher life satisfaction and lower Self-Transcendence at baseline predicted higher adherence to the activity. However, neither character traits nor life satisfaction predicted changes in physiological health. We argue that low frequency physical activity initiatives may improve this population’s physical health because participants probably have a sedentary life and low levels of physical health due to their asylum conditions (e.g., unemployment, low income, poor housing and social network). Furthermore, physical activity per se may not improve the well-being of asylum seekers. Hence, promoting well-being and character development might require person-centered initiatives focusing on the whole individual in order to fit programmes to the needs and life situation of this population.

Beyond Symptoms – A Cross-Sectional Study Exploring Functioning in Psychiatric Outpatients

Objective This study aimed to explore factors influencing functioning in psychiatric outpatients, both separately and in combination. The primary objectives were to determine predictors of functioning, assess their significance in a combined analysis, and quantify their collective predictive power. Method A sample of 137 psychiatric outpatients diagnosed with bipolar disorder, borderline personality disorder, or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) participated in this cross-sectional study, undergoing semi-structured diagnostic interviews for psychiatric and personality disorders. Participants also completed assessments of current functioning, personality traits (temperament and character), attachment style, and childhood trauma. Linear regression models were employed to analyse the relationships between these factors and level of functioning. Results The majority of temperament and character traits and attachment dimensions, as well as having a personality disorder, predicted impaired functioning, but comorbidity and childhood trauma did not. When all variables were taken into account in a multiple regression analysis, only the temperament and character traits Harm Avoidance and Self-directedness remained significantly predictive (p = .006 and .003, respectively). These two factors explain about one-third of the variance. Conclusions Personality traits—more specifically, the temperament trait Harm Avoidance and the character trait Self-directedness—are strong predictors of functioning among psychiatric outpatients. Interestingly, when accounting for these factors, traditionally associated variables, such as attachment, comorbidity, and childhood trauma, lost their significance as predictors. These findings underscore the pivotal role of specific personality traits in understanding and predicting the functioning of psychiatric patients.

Gender differences and the association between the phenomenological characteristics of autobiographical memories and psychopathic traits in a university student sample

ABSTRACT The study aimed to analyse the relationship between the dimensions of the triarchic model of psychopathy (meanness, boldness and disinhibition) and the phenomenological characteristics of Autobiographical Memory (AM) in a sample of university students, examining potential gender differences. Participants (N = 260; 55.4% women; aged 18-25) performed an AM task, followed by the Autobiographical Memory Characteristics Questionnaire and the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. We found gender differences, with men scoring higher than women in meanness and disinhibition as well as in precision, accessibility, sharing and narrative coherence of AM. Correlations showed that boldness was negatively related to the valence and emotional intensity of the memory. Meanness was positively associated with precision, sensory details, accessibility, sharing, narrative coherence, distancing and preoccupation with emotions and negatively with recollection. Disinhibition was positively related to precision, sensory details and accessibility and negatively to intensity, distancing and preoccupation with emotions. Our results suggest that psychopathic traits could predict certain characteristics of AM, highlighting the predictive value of meanness, especially regarding memory quality characteristics (e.g., precision), as well as disinhibition, concerning the emotional content (e.g., preoccupation with emotions). Our results contribute to understanding psychopathy through an autobiographical perspective, showing how psychopathic traits may shape how people remember personal events.

Perempuan Sumber Sial Dalam Hadis Shahih Bukhari Nomor 5903 (Kajian Tahlili)

This research discusses the hadith in Sahih Bukhari that narrates that one of the places of misfortune is women. Textually, this hadith is controversial as it is perceived to contain misogynistic suggestions conveyed by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). The purpose of this research is to comprehensively understand the process of transmission and the scholars' interpretation of this hadith. Additionally, this research also attempts to interpret the hadith through the contemporary Fiqh al-Hadith methodology proposed by contemporary scholars. The researcher employs a qualitative inductive method, obtaining data and information by collecting classical Islamic texts, including those that specifically explain the related hadith as well as other relevant books. These include books on hadith terminology, hadith commentaries, hadith text, and hadith narrator studies, among others. This research finds that the Sahih Bukhari hadith number 5093 is of hasan quality. This hadith also has many corroborating and supporting narrations of better grades. Meanwhile, the meaning of misfortune contained in it, according to the majority of scholars, is attributed to women temporarily and not permanently. Misfortune is associated with women when they have bad character, infertility, and other non-permanent negative traits. In the mubadalah (reciprocal) method, misfortune is not only attributed to women but also to men, as men can also experience infertility, bad character, and other non-permanent negative traits.

Сочетание страховых и бюджетных механизмов в пенсионном обеспечении военнослужащих и приравненных к ним лиц: дефекты российской модели пенсионного страхования

The article studies special aspects of double pension support of military servicemen and equalstatus persons from the standpoint of characteristic traits of the Russian pension insurance model and its fundamental insurance principles. The author pays attention to gaps in legal regulation of matters of mandatory pension insurance of military servicemen and equal-status persons and concludes that there is a need to eliminate the defects in laws on pension insurance of special subjects.