Character Of Social Relations Research Articles

Классификация мер административного принуждения, применяемых сотрудниками ФСИН России

Much of the research is devoted to administrative enforcement as one of the leading methods of state management. However the generally accepted version of the classification of administrative enforcement measures has not yet been formed in the theory of administrative law. Moreover unlike the police officers (militia), only a fraction of the work is devoted to the study of the system of administrative enforcement measures used by the Federal Penal Service of Russia in the implementation of jurisdictional powers. In the scientific community there is no unity in the perception of this complex sociolegal phenomenon, which is due to a number of reasons: the diversity of public relations regulated by administrative law arising in the field of public administration; lack of unity in the choice of criteria for classification; the different types of enforcement measures used, etc. The analysis of the main classification models of administrative enforcement measures presented in the scientific environment made it possible to develop an author’s classification that takes into account the characteristic features of social relations taking shape in the functioning of institutions and bodies of the penal system. Depending on the objective purpose the measures of administrative enforcement applied by employees of the Federal Penal Service of Russia are divided into measures of administrative enforcement not related to committing an administrative offense (administrative preventive measures) and measures of administrative enforcement related to committing an administrative offense (administrative suppressive measures, measures of administrative and procedural security, measures of administrative responsibility). The proposed classification allows us to comprehensively analyze the external impact of administrative enforcement measures on public relations in the penal system to understand the purpose of these measures and also to see the final result of their use which contributes to solving many problems of a theoretical and practice-oriented nature.

Sub-Network Structure and Information Diffusion Behaviors in a Sustainable Fashion Sharing Economy Platform

It is important to understand the creative processes of social value networks in terms of the interdependent connections between fashion sharing economy businesses and consumers. In particular, when the similarity in the values of each member is shared in the sub-network, the closeness of the relationships can be further strengthened. In such value chains, the overall process is important because the content, which is originally provided through the distribution process, is reinterpreted from the consumer’s point of view and it is reproduced as new creative output with high added value. In this study, the characteristics of sub-network structure, the characteristics of social relations, and network externality are proposed and analyzed as influential variables of information diffusion behaviors that explain the diffusion of shared information in fashion sharing economy platforms. We examined the shared information diffusion performance of the sharing economy platform as a multidimensional influential factor including the network characteristics, and proposed a structural model that integrated network research and mobile information diffusion research. We surveyed 400 people with experience of fashion information activity on sharing economy platforms. Frequency, validity, reliability, measurement model and path analyses were conducted using SPSS and AMOS statistical packages. The results showed that trust value, profit/risk sharing, interdependence, and cultural/social similarity of the sub-network structure characteristics affected social relations, while trust value and cultural/social similarity also influenced relational embeddedness. Social relations and relational embeddedness, in turn, affected perceived complementarity and social interaction, both of which affected fashion information diffusion behaviors. Finally, social pressure, social ties, and social unity affected trust values. The results of this study can be applied not only to social connections among the members of the sub-network of a fashion sharing economy platform, but also as an effective means to explain the maintenance and reinforcement of mutual relations, thereby advancing the current academic research and practical applications.

Конституційний судовий процес: методологія та філософсько-правові засади

The purpose of the scientific article is to summarize and develop theoretical and methodological knowledge about the nature, nature and features of the constitutional judicial process, as well as to invent a system of measures to: defining the philosophical and legal content of constitutional judicial control as a multifaceted philosophical and legal category; understanding of methodological and procedural principles of its application; identification of the relationship between the structural and functional specifics of the judicial control institute and the characteristic features of social relations in the main spheres of life of the society. The methodological basis of scientific search is a set of philosophical and philosophical principles of scientific cognition, methodological approaches, general methods of thinking, philosophical, general scientific and specifically scientific methods, the use of which has provided the validity and reliability of the results of the study of the laws of constitutional judicial process formation. The scientific novelty of the publication is that for the first time it was proposed to use special methodological tools in the course of developing the theory of constitutional litigation; have further developed scientific ideas about the genesis of the theory of proof and its prospects in domestic law. The conclusions of the scientific article are as follows: The philosophical and legal nature of the judicial constitutional process as a socio-political category and legal phenomenon is based on the achievements of the centuries-old history of the national state-making in ensuring human rights and freedoms, decent living conditions and the desire to develop and strengthen a democratic, social, and legal state. In this context, the powers of the Constitutional Court of Ukraine are not only an important function from the point of view of compliance with constitutional law, but also have special significance as an activity aimed at determining the essential principles of the constitutional process and reflecting the socio-cultural status of society and indicators of the real level of relations between society and the individual. , the government and the citizen, the mechanism of state power and the institutions of civil society in their unity and contradiction (opposites). Thus, «unity of opposites» means their interdependence, that is, the existence of one opposition implies the necessary existence of another opposite, in our case it concerns the categories of «letter» (positivist component) and «spirit» (axiological and ontological components) of law. Keywords: evidence base; constitutional litigation; methodological tools; theory of proof.

사회정치적 생명체론과 사회관계의 성격 : 북한 언론문화의 배경에 관한 일고찰

사회정치적 생명체론과 사회관계의 성격 : 북한 언론문화의 배경에 관한 일고찰

Characteristics and influencing factors regarding social relations among men who have sex with men

Objective: To study the characteristics of social relations and relative factors among MSM in Guangzhou. Methods: Data was collected through a cross-sectional study in Guangzhou from November 2016 to May 2017. Sample size was estimated and participants were recruited from the voluntary counseling and testing services (VCT) which were set for MSM population, by nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Social ties and demographic characteristics of the respondents and their sexual partners were analyzed through both Chi square test and generalized estimating equations (GEE). Results: A total of 1 073 MSM, together with their nominated 4 301 partners were successfully recruited and involved in this study. Age (OR=1.2, P=0.01) and non-internet based intercourse (OR=1.65, P<0.01) were easy to form close relation with strong ties. Compared with MSM traditional venues (chess and cards room, tea room bathhouse, club), general public venue (bars, KTV, parks, shopping malls, schools, restaurants) (OR=1.46-3.12, P<0.01) showed close relation with strong ties. Our finding showed that MSM at the age of 18-25 preferred to build weak ties with the older MSM, while the 26-30-year-olds and 31-40-year-olds prefer to establish weak ties with younger partners but the 41-50-year-olds preferred to develop weak ties with one that were ten years younger. Conclusions: Clusters were noticed in the MSM populations when grouping and making friends with ones at different age. Characteristics regarding the relationship between sexual partners in choosing venues and ways of dating were different. Targeted intervention programs need to be explored innovatively.

Административно-правовое регулирование противодействия причинам и условиям, детерминирующим коррупции в социальной сфере

Objective: to show the capabilities of administrative-legal regulation for combating the causes and conditions determining corrupt behavior in the social sphere. Methods: dialectic approach to cognition of social phenomena, enabling to analyze them in historical development and functioning in the context of the totality of objective and subjective factors that determined the choice of the following research methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematic, formal-legal, comparative-legal methods. Results: the reasons and conditions determining the corruption in the social sphere were disclosed; this leads to the conclusion that corruption counteraction should be based on: 1) recognition of the social sphere as the key object of protection against corruption; 2) elaboration of special administrative-legal means of corruption counteraction in the social sphere. It is necessary to take into account the features of social relations in such sectors as education, healthcare, culture, physical culture and sports, etc. A number of foreign countries took the path of developing legislation on corruption counteraction taking into account the specifics of various social sphere segments functioning. This experience is quite interesting from the viewpoint of developing means of combating the causes and conditions that determine corruption in the social sphere. A number of the Russian Federation subjects also elaborate regional programs of combating corruption in education, healthcare, and culture. In our opinion, this experience should be transferred to the federal level of legal regulation. This will help to create a full-fledged system of corruption counteraction in the social sphere, taking into account different levels of its functioning. Scientific novelty: for the first time in administrative-legal science, the “law of torts aspect of corruption in the social sphere” issue is considered; the work reveals the causes and conditions that determine corruption in the social sphere, and gives their classification according to certain criteria. Basing on the study, the proposals are formulated, aimed at improving implementation of administrative and legal measures influencing the causes and conditions that determine corruption in the social sphere. Practical significance: the proposed legal and administrative means enable to form the administrative-legal regime aimed at minimizing the causes and conditions that determine corruption in the social sphere.

Social Relations and Technology: Continuity, Context, and Change.

Social relations, although basic to human nature, health and well-being, have become increasingly complicated as a result of changing population demography and technology. In this essay, we provide a historical overview of social relations, especially as they affect older people. We briefly review the evolution of theory and measurement surrounding social relations as well as early empirical evidence. We consider how social relations have changed over time as well as continuity and change regarding basic characteristics of social relations. Of special interest is the emerging influence of technology on how people maintain contact, especially the changing ways people can use technology to increase, decrease, maintain, or avoid social relations. We consider both negative and positive aspects of these new technologies and their influence on health and well-being. Finally, we conclude that new and emerging technologies hold great promise for the future by overcoming traditional barriers to maintaining social contact, support exchange, and information acquisition. Nevertheless, we caution that these new technologies can have the dehumanizing effect of distance thus creating the potential for insensitivity and increased negativity. In sum, we are cautiously optimistic about the promise of technology to expand, but not replace, traditional forms of social contact.

Cultivating ambivalence

Anthropologists’ longstanding ambivalence toward political advocacy has, in recent years, come under sustained fire—a shift that is often framed in terms of the discipline’s “moral turn.” In this essay, we make a case for the value of ambivalence, asking what lessons it yields as a methodological heuristic. Tracing the history of the concept, we argue that anthropology was founded on an epistemological ambivalence regarding its orientation to social problems. Thus, the moral turn implies a fundamental transformation in the ways that ethnography is conceived. Although the possibility of conflating moral evaluation with anthropological interpretation is a recognized danger of this shift, we don’t believe that the problem can be resolved by being reflexive, or that all ethnographers confront it. Instead, we suggest that cultivating an analytic of ambivalence is our best strategy for understanding what is going on around us, and teaches us more about the character of social relations than prefigured moral stances can.

Managing expectations: cognitive authority and experienced control in complex healthcare processes

BackgroundBalancing the normative expectations of others (accountabilities) against the personal and distributed resources available to meet them (capacity) is a ubiquitous feature of social relations in many settings. This is an important problem in the management of long–term conditions, because of widespread problems of non-adherence to treatment regimens. Using long-term conditions as an example, we set out middle range theory of this balancing work.MethodsA middle-range theory was constructed four stages. First, a qualitative elicitation study of men with heart failure was used to develop general propositions about patient and care giver experience, and about the ways that the organisation and delivery of care affected this. Second, these propositions were developed and confirmed through a systematic review of qualitative research literature. Third, theoretical propositions and constructs were built, refined and presented as a logic model associated with two main theoretical propositions. Finally, a construct validation exercise was undertaken, in which construct definitions informed reanalysis of a set of systematic reviews of studies of patient and caregiver experiences of heart failure that had been included in an earlier meta-review.ResultsCognitive Authority Theory identifies, characterises and explains negotiation processes in in which people manage their relations with the expectations of normative systems – like those encountered in the management of long-term conditions. Here, their cognitive authority is the product of an assessment of competence, trustworthiness and credibility made about a person by other participants in a healthcare process; and their experienced control is a function of the degree to which they successfully manage the external process-specific limiting factors that make it difficult to otherwise perform in their role.ConclusionCognitive Authority Theory assists in explaining how participants in complex social processes manage important relational aspects of inequalities in power and expertise. It can play an important part in understanding the dynamics of participation in healthcare processes. It suggests ways in which these burdens may lead to relationally induced non-adherence to treatment regimens and self-care programmes, and points to targets where intervention may reduce these adverse outcomes.

Компаративный анализ ответственности за ненадлежащее исполнение профессиональных обязанностей в уголовном законодательстве зарубежных стран

On the basis of the provisions of the criminal legislation of several foreign countries (Russia, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bulgaria, Venezuela, United Kingdom, Germany, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, United States, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, France, Estonia, South Korea) the comparative-legal analysis of criminal liability for the improper performance of professional duties is given. The specific features of social relations – object of criminal law protection in the studied countries are determined. Public danger of these crimes is analyzed in the context of the constitutional right to life, health and integrity. The legal essence of concepts such as “failure to fulfill professional duties” and “improper performance of professional duties” is defined. The important constituent elements of criminal liability for the improper performance of professional duties in the studied countries are specified. The priority directions of improving norms of the criminal legislation are offered. The conclusion is made that the positive legislative experience of the countries under investigation can be applied in the criminal legislation of Uzbekistan.

Sobre la propiedad comunal de los pueblos. De la Reforma a la Revolución

Este ensayo presenta una serie de reflexiones generales para orientar el desarrollo de una nueva historiografía acerca del fraccionamiento de las tierras comunales de los pueblos durante el medio siglo que precedió a la revolución de 1910. Recapitula las deficiencias de la narrativa que a lo largo del siglo XX definió la explicación de las causas y consecuencias de las desamortizaciones civiles y destaca el surgimiento reciente de investigaciones en archivos locales y regionales que la contradicen y que abren nuevos caminos analíticos e interpretativos. Se concentra luego en esbozar seis grandes temas que merecen una reconsideración conceptual y mayor investigación documental: la legislación como causa; la distribución de los derechos de propiedad comunales al interior de los pueblos antes de las desamortizaciones; la distinción entre la comunidad política y la comunidad territorial; el carácter de las relaciones (y las diferencias) sociales con respecto a la propiedad jurídicamente comunal en los pueblos del siglo XIX; el destino de las pequeñas parcelas excomunales establecidas por los repartos; y la relación entre la historia de la evolución de la tenencia tierra de los pueblos en el porfiriato y la reforma agraria ejidal de la Revolución.

New opportunities for regional development: From social tension to social cooperation

The paper presents the results of a monitoring study on the social well-being of the residents of Krasnoyarsk carried out between September 2013 and November 2014; the results are compared with those of nationwide studies and are interpreted by the author’s model to assess social tension and anxiety. The unique situation of 2014 is shown, when in spite of a rise in social tension and anxiety, the level of protest activity started to decrease. The conditions facilitating such a social phenomenon are considered. Sources of growing trust in major political and social institutions are identified. The characteristics of opportunities for cooperation between the population and the authorities are given. A significant increase in conformist attitudes is reported. The brevity of such “social peace” and the inevitability of the transition to another character of social relations, if there are no new regional development strategies, are noted.

Podmiotowe interakcje w wychowaniu

&lt;p&gt;Podmiotowość jako atrybut człowieka może być również własnością relacji społecznych. Tak rozumiana podmiotowość odgrywa szczególną rolę w interakcjach edukacyjnych, regulując charakter wzajemnych stosunków poszczególnych osób procesu wychowawczego. Celem artykułu jest ukazanie istoty i uwarunkowań podmiotowych interakcji w wychowaniu. Przedstawiono wewnętrzne i zewnętrzne uwarunkowania podmiotowości, a także omówiono rolę ucznia i nauczyciela w budowaniu relacji dwupodmiotowych. Ukazano też możliwości doświadczania i rozwijania podmiotowości osób biorących udział w procesie edukacyjnym.&lt;/p&gt;

Old wine in new bottles? Revisiting contract farming after agrarian reform in Zimbabwe

ABSTRACTThis contribution explores emerging features of social relations of production as expressed through the contract farming system in Zimbabwe. It seeks to link earlier research on plantation-based outgrower schemes in tea and sugar that were on a modest scale, to contemporary contract farming in tobacco and cotton that has expanded to a relatively large scale in the post-land reform period. The article questions whether the current expansion wave is a qualitatively new process or a variant of ‘old wine in new bottles’ in terms of relations between growers and large capital. Some themes for research are then outlined potentially to address emerging pertinent issues arising out of contemporary contract farming arrangements.

The Network Analysis in Rural Tourism Land Use Based on GIS

Along with the development of tourism, regional choice of traveling activities turns out to be diversified. Rural tourism has become more and more popular among the tourist mainly from urban area and affect the land use in rural area obviously. Due to the coarse and incomplete data limitations, traditional GIS technique such as RS analysis cannot play a very good role in rural land use research. Based on the explanation as series of interrelationships between spatial entities with the characteristics of social relations, network analysis is considered as a useful method to describe the change and structure of land use affected by tourism in rural area.

Моделирование процессов развития устойчивого туризма

The article deals with mathematical modeling of sustainable tourism development. The proposed approach allows for a more cost-effective manner, as compared with other instruments, to prove effective management options in tourism development in the regions. Described are the interaction and interrelationship between main factors determining the state and dynamic characteristics of sustainable tourism on a regional scale. It is shown that the construction of models of sustainable tourism in a particular region should take into account the parameters of its economic development, environmental conditions, characteristics of social relations, as well as natural and cultural potential of a specific area. It is noted that a special importance for the formation parameters of sustainable tourism has an effective organization of destination management. Based on the regulations of UNWTO, the following main criteria management are suggested: sustainable management of destinations, maximizing social and economic benefits for the local population with minimal impact on it, maximizing benefits for traveling and cultural heritage sites with minimal impact on them, maximizing the benefits for the natural environment and minimizing the negative impact on it. On the basis of these criteria, the basic principles of modeling are highlighted: a systematic account of interacting factors that determine the development of sustainable tourism, the use of integrated criteria when evaluating options for sustainable tourism, the direction of the modeling of process as a basis for effective management for destinations. Based on the research, the author concluds that the development of a mathematical model for sustainable tourism in a particular region should take into account two groups of factors affecting its development: interpersonal contacts between the &amp;#34;experienced&amp;#34; tourists and newcomers on the one hand, and the impact of advertising and travel agencies, on the other. The author provides an aggregated view of a model of sustainable tourism as a nonlinear differential equation of diffusion of innovations tourist. Qualitative solution of the equation in the form of an S-shaped curve is suggested. To understand the impact of innovation processes in the development of tourism, the author suggests an analysis of the statistical distribution of the individuals involved in innovation related to sustainable tourism.

On Being (and Not Being) Mrs Curley’s Wife

How do students draw on texts read in class to explore and make sense of the world? How does role-play open up the possibilities of utilising these resources, remaking them for their own purposes? How does play, as Vygotsky suggests, enable students to achieve more? And how does being in role change the character of social relations in the classroom, enabling students to shed new light on their lives, their experiences. This essay focuses close attention on two role-plays, both involving the same pair of 11th-grade students from a school in Ramallah. The role-plays arose out of, and enabled the students to explore, literary texts that they had been studying in class: Ibsen’s A Doll’s House and Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men. The article argues that what the students accomplished in this work is complex and needs to be understood in context. Through this account, the essay seeks to challenge those (currently fashionable) models of pedagogy that are insufficiently attentive to the histories, identities and interests of particular learners.

노인의 사회적 건강 측면에서 본 주택유형별 사회적 관계성 연구

Rapidly aging society extends the span of aged life of the elderly people longer than before and this trend raises the issue of holistic health of the aged including their physical, psychological and social health making it necessary to study for environmental development to support this trend. This study intends to explore the direction of residential planning to support the deterioration phenomenon of social networks due to aging. Social networks here are treated as basic conditions for social health. This study researched the diverse types of elderly housings in preparation for the aged society and their spatial characteristics, social affordance characteristics and their potentials for social interactions from the viewpoint of their social relations. literature studies with contents analysis method was used. The results of this study were arranged primarily according to the characteristics of social relations by types of housings. Socially integrated types of housings can be found as inclusive housing type as they have both social characteristics that can be found in houses in general and the elderly housings, they should be considered as desirable types in Korea where collective houses are most popular. Form the existing housing plans housing plan direction should move toward socially integrated housing plans that can protect the elderly people collectively and the direction of housing plans here means the direction from more macro-perspective viewpoint. Therefore, the results of this study are meaningful in adding interpretation from the viewpoint of social relations respective housings and promoting housings for the elderly people more desirably.

Flash Mobs, Spectatorship and the Collapse of Belief in the Critical Public Sphere

This article examines the modes of spectatorship that inhere in flash-mob activities through an analysis of online video clips in which they are represented. By including the mediated afterlife of flash mobs as a central component of the practice, it becomes possible to understand them as a manifestation of normalized networked social relations rather than as a rupture with everyday life. I argue that flash-mob videos and the corresponding practices in actual space mediate and reproduce an economy of enjoyment in which spectators gain a contradictory sense of mastery over everyday life. The lure of participatory culture fuels a growing comfort with a system of democratized surveillance that is a central feature of social relations in control society. In flash mobs, the appropriation of public space on one hand and the use of new communication technologies on the other are seen by some to implicitly represent a contestation of power by means of democratic forms of organization. An analysis of how online technologies shape the social, cultural and political imaginary of participants, in contrast to an instrumentalist understanding of how they enable certain practices, allows a more measured assessment of the political possibilities of online communities. Rather than understand the seemingly spontaneous participation in flash mobs as subversive, I argue that the irrationality touted by flash mobbers is a symptom of a collapse of belief in the critical public sphere under late capitalism.

Suppresion of women in modern society – socio-economic aspects

Along with creating the conditions for progress and emancipation of womenin society, they developed the instruments and methods of preventing theexercise of these conditions. Although it is evident legally equating womenwith men in all spheres of life in modern society there are various forms ofself-suppression of women (psychological, economic, cultural, acceptance ofwomen “without rebellion” of values and rules that are set by men and thelike.). Th e increasing presence of women in the public sphere, their subjugation,discrimination and subordination are moved from private to publicsphere - (in) ability to access public services, employment, wage levels andthe like. Th e causes of this suppression are, usually, in the character of socialrelations - are still rooted in the patriarchal patterns - the imposition of“masculine” principles and rules of everyday life which suppress women fromimportant segments of social relations.