Conversational Characters Research Articles

СИДИТ КАК ЭТОТ САМЫЙ...: О ТРЕХ ВИТКАХ ИДИОМАТИЗАЦИИ МЕСТОИМЕНИЯ САМЫЙ В РУССКОЙ ПОВСЕДНЕВНОЙ РЕЧИ

The functioning of the word samyj is considered in the article using the fan scaling technique, which allows one to see the action of such active processes of oral speech as grammaticalization, resemantization, idiomatization, and pragmaticalization. The study focuses on three rounds of idiomatization, which this technique reveals. In the first round (IDIOM1 ) of idiomatization, the form of the superlative undergoes idiomatization, itself having become the result of the process of grammaticalization: samoe plevoe delo, v samom chernom vide. In the second round (IDIOM2 ), the pronoun samyj in combination with nouns, adverbs, verbs, interjections, and even with idioms becomes a component of an adverbial or other stable expression: po samuyu sheyu, po samoe pokorno blagodaryu. Finally, the third round of idiomatization (IDIOM3 ) is observed after the combination eto samoe has undergone pragmaticalization and started to realize the functions of hesitation, self-correction, a starting boundary marker, and some others in oral discourse. In fact, here we deal with a set expression, typical only for spoken language and expressing in different contexts a different, often hard-to-define, meaning. Observations over corpus material show that the construction like eto samoe (in different grammatical forms) without the sought-after noun has a distinctly conversational character and is found both in oral speech and in its imitations in artistic texts. The findings might be useful both in theoretical (colloquialistics and cognitive science) and in practical (teaching RFL and translation practice) aspects

Temperature and photo sensitive PVDF-g-PNIPAAm/BN@PDA-Ag nanocomposite membranes with superior wasterwater separation and light-cleaning capabilities

Temperature and photo sensitive PVDF-g-PNIPAAm/BN@PDA-Ag nanocomposite membranes with superior wasterwater separation and light-cleaning capabilities

Fuzzy Conversational Character Computing

ZusammenfassungDer folgende Beitrag zeigt auf, wie bestehende Disziplinen und Methoden aus den Bereichen der Psychologie und der Wirtschaftsinformatik miteinander kombiniert und erweitert werden, damit Conversational Bots, auch als Chat- oder Voicebots bekannt, nicht nur natürliche Sprache verstehen und verarbeiten können, sondern auch personalisiert auf die Useranfragen eingehen können. Dies alles mit dem Ziel, möglichst natürliche Dialoge zwischen Menschen und Maschinen zu ermöglichen und dabei den Fokus der Datensparsamkeit nicht zu verlieren.Dank dem neuen Ansatz des Character Computing (CC) in Kombination mit Computing with Words and Perceptions (CWP), welches ein Teilbereich der Fuzzylogic ist, und der Conversational Theory wird die Sprach- und Emotionserkennung von Conversational Bots auf ein komplett neues Level gebracht. Bisherige Chat- oder Voicebots sind lediglich darauf ausgelegt, einfache Befehle von ihren Usern zu verstehen und auszuführen. Dabei wird der Sprachinput einem vordefinierten Befehl zugeordnet und danach ausgeführt. So wird die Komplexität der Sprache auf einem Niveau vereinfacht, sodass viele wichtige Informationen verloren gehen. Es werden so beispielsweise keinerlei Informationen über die Persönlichkeit und Emotionen der User weiterverarbeitet. Beim klassischen Character Computing werden die Persönlichkeit und Emotionen zwar berücksichtigt, aber in der Regel wird eine Vielzahl von Daten benötigt, um zunächst den Character und anschließend das erwartete Verhalten des Users ableiten zu können. Dies ist in der Realität von Chat- und Voicebots kaum umsetzbar. Daher zeigen wir mit unserer Arbeit auf, wie Character Computing unter der Anwendung der Fuzzylogic mit dem Fokus auf Datensparsamkeit und Ethik angewendet werden kann.

Peran Guru sebagai Komunikator dalam Menanamkan Nilai Karakter Komunikatif (Analisis Film Aisyah: Biarkan Kami Bersaudara Karya Herwin Novianto)

This study intended to analyse, describe and comprehend the application of the teacher’s role as a communicator in building the importance of pleasant, conversational character education in Aisyah’s film: Let Us Be Brothers by Hewin Novianto. This study employed a qualitative method of library research type. The data collection applied content analysis techniques. The study’s findings indicated there was a message and relevance of the teacher’s role as a communicator and the value of communicative character education in Aisyah’s film: Let Us Be Brothers, by Herwin Novianto, namely: 1) The teachers’s role as communicators (able to channel their knowledge for the good of society, create harmony, solve problems for the benefit and sincerely help students who are having difficulties). 2) The value of pleasant communicative education (being patient, adaptive, inquiring about students’ conditions further, socialising with students, and visiting their houses) Â

Development of an app to support in-home care consultation visits

The in-home care consultation visits according to §37.3 of the Social Security Statute Book XI have been carried out inconsistently so far and with alack of structured care documentation. In the INGE-integrate4care project, an app was developed to support the quality assurance of visits. Based on auser-centered design approach, 10 semistructured expert interviews were conducted and analyzed using qualitative content analysis according to Mayring. In group-based expert walkthroughs with 7participants, the design, contents and functions of the app were discussed, requirements were collected in feedback lists and digitally implemented by developers. Interviewees reported that visits are heterogeneous, that there are individual approaches and that this should be reflected in the design of the app. Important topics for the app were, e.g. contents of the NBA and the burden on caregivers. Functions such as the recommendation of measures on the basis of documented information are desirable. On the other hand, too stringent guidelines of the app would be an obstacle, as these would limit the conversational character of the visit. The NBA and BIZA‑D were chosen by the experts in the project as suitable basic assessments and adapted to the visits. Flexible access to items, visualization of care status per category, and the ability to select and track measures were specified to support workflow. The user-centered design approach enabled the development of an app that is characterized by both flexibility and structure. The tool will be further optimized with the help of usability evaluations and focus groups.

Religious Conversion as a Dialogical Transformation of the Self – The Case of Polish Female Converts to Islam

Religious conversion affects converts’ beliefs, values, practices, and social worlds. It is a process that entails profound changes in the content and structure of a self and is far from being confined to a single sphere of individual’s functioning. For Polish women who embrace Islam it also involves specific challenges related to becoming a member of a marginalized religious group often perceived by the Polish majority as alien, backward and threatening. Using the Personal Position Repertoire – Focus Group data collection tool and data from in-depth interviews and participant observation we explored the dialogical in-group activity of Polish female converts to Islam. The results of our analysis identified salient features of the converts’ self and situated them in a specific socio-cultural context of the conversion. We argue that the collective voices present in the internal and external dialogues conducted by converts are actively engaged with and appropriated. In this process, converts are able to move between different positions and negotiate their views and practices with the voices representing critical or hostile attitudes with a variety of outcomes, including silencing, rejection, acceptance, and making compromises. We discuss the applicability of the Dialogical Self Theory framework to the research on the dynamic, complex and embodied character of conversion and challenges related to the applied theory and methods.

Stage Monologue and its Linguistic Features (Textual and Prosodic Analysis)

Spoken language production is considered to be one of the most difficult aspects of teaching a foreign language. It usually involves mastering pronunciation of sounds and intonation. If nowadays many teachers do not worry about the phonetic details of sounds, there is still focus on intonation as it has a great impact on the comprehensibility of the learner’s English. This is a very important issue for future teachers because correctness of pronunciation is one of the goals of any spoken language programme, with students asked to produce quite extended spoken monologues and to follow the requirements of various intonational styles. The aim of this study is to analyse textual and prosodic characteristics of stage monologue – a text produced on a theatre stage or in a film. Analytical methods were applied in order to obtain information about textual features and prosodic stylistic markers such as pitch level, range, tone modifications, loudness, and tempo, and also to develop style-forming factors in stage monologue. Results show that the stage monologues analysed possess all necessary characteristics of a text: informational content, delimitation, continuum, coherence, cohesion and completeness. Further analysis of stage monologue showed that it can be characterised by such specific features as expressiveness, normativeness, effectiveness, and conversational character. Stage monologues also possess all necessary prosodic markers. Certain style-forming factors of stage monologue were also developed in this study, including delimitation, accentuation of key words, thematic centres and expressively prominent centres, type of composition scheme, and theme. These results will be of significant pedagogical value to students who intend to become English teachers, and to teachers involved in linguistics research.

Natural Noun Phrase Variation for Interactive Characters

Interactive characters that cohabit a shared space with human partners need to generate and interpret references to elements of the virtual world. Natural language allows for a wide range of phrasings for referring to any particular object, and this variation is thought to reflect not only spatial but also cognitive and linguistic factors. Our study attempts to account for the variability in referring forms found in a set of dialogs of two human partners performing a treasure-hunt task in a virtual world. A decision tree classifier was built that predicts the form of 51% of the referring expressions, compared to a baseline of 39% achieved by a heuristic classifier. The classification algorithm can be used by conversational characters to generate referring expressions of the appropriate form.

대화형 챗봇 캐릭터 기반 AI 초등 글쓰기 학습 앱 서비스 제안

코로나19에 따른 비대면 교육과, AI가 도입된 스마트러닝 환경이 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 초등학교 저학년 시기 대표 글쓰기 훈련 방법으로 일기쓰기를 장려하나 대상 아동들의 경우 일기 글감 소재 찾기, 맞춤법 등의 어려움으로 일기 쓰기 자체에 흥미를 잃는 경우가 많다. 이에 본 연구는 AI 챗봇 캐릭터와 음성인식을 통해 대화를 주고받으며 대상자가 스스로 글감을 찾고 문장을 구성할 수 있도록 일기쓰기를 도와주는 초등 글쓰기 학습 앱 서비스를 제안하는데 목적이 있다. 언어교육 학습 환경 분석과 AI 교육 앱 사례 분석 후 5세에서 8세 자녀를 둔 부모님 34명 대상의 설문조사를 실시하였다. 이후 STT 기술을 활용하여 아이의 말이 말풍선과 AR그래픽으로 시각화되는 프로토타입을 제작하고 전문가 인터뷰를 통해 학습효과와 효용성을 검증하였다.

The Conversational Character of Oppression

ABSTRACT McGowan argues that everyday verbal bigotry makes a key contribution to the harms of discriminatory inequality, via a mechanism that she calls sneaky norm enactment. Part of her account involves showing that the characteristic of conversational interaction that facilitates sneaky norm enactment is in fact a generic one, which obtains in a wide range of activities, namely, the property of having conventions of appropriateness. I argue that her account will be better-able to show that everyday verbal bigotry is a key factor in social inequality if it tries to isolate a more specific property of conversation as the thing that facilitates sneaky norm enactment.

Mobile app-based chatbot to deliver cognitive behavioral therapy and psychoeducation for adults with attention deficit: A development and feasibility/usability study

Attention deficit is a growing problem in adults, and early diagnosis and treatment are needed. Previous studies have shown that cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is effective in improving attention deficit symptoms. However, many patients are not receiving adequate treatment due to time, space, and cost constraints. Recently, in other mental illnesses, mobile-based chatbots delivering CBT and psychoeducation have been used for symptom mitigation and treatment. This study aimed to investigate the feasibility and usability of a short-term intervention, specifically a mobile-based interactive chatbot application, in alleviating attention deficit symptoms. This was a randomized, non-blind parallel-group pilot study conducted from September 2019 to March 2020. Forty-six individuals with attention deficit aged 19-60 were randomly allocated to the chatbot (n = 23) and information-only control groups (n = 23) for 4 weeks. The former group was instructed to use the chatbot application "Todaki," while the latter group was provided with a book on managing attention deficit symptoms. Participants were administered questionnaires to assess their symptoms of attention deficit, depression, and anxiety and evaluated at baseline and 4 weeks after the intervention. The post-intervention survey assessed the chatbot's usability, acceptability, and side effects. The average age of the participants was 25.1 years (standard deviation [SD] 7.5 years), and 56.5 % (26/46) participants were female. Intention-to-treat analysis (chatbot, n = 23; control, n = 23) revealed a significant reduction of attention deficit symptoms only in the chatbot group, which is represented by group-by-time interaction in Conner's Adult ADHD Rating Scale subscales of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual-IV Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Hyperactive-Impulsive symptoms (F = 4.39; p = .04) and ADHD symptoms total (F = 6.74, p = .01). Further, the results of the paired t-test were significant only in the chatbot group. The average number of times the chatbots were used in 4 weeks was 20.32 (SD 12.89). The total average usage time was 1 h 15 min (SD 1 h 20 min). The degree of improvement in the ADHD symptoms total score was correlated with the number of times the psychoeducation program was used. According to the participants, the empathic/friendly character and unnatural flow of conversation were the best and worst features of the chatbot, respectively. This study identified the feasibility and usability of using the mobile-based chatbot to improve attention deficit and its associated psychiatric symptoms. Using this novel intervention to conduct CBT would provide a useful digital therapeutic tool that allows easy accessibility and self-guided management for people with attention deficit, which should be verified through the large scale randomized controlled trial.

Conversation Under the Sign of the Resurrection: Developing a Resurrection Lens for Pastoral Praxis

The purpose of this article is to present Eduard Thurneysen’s practical-theological reading of the Nicodemus narrative as a way to demonstrate the importance of developing a resurrection hermeneutic for the praxis of pastoral care. I will argue that Thurneysen’s kerygmatic approach to pastoral care is of enduring value for pastoral theology and practice today. Though aspects of his pastoral theology are a clear product of his own time and place, Thurneysen’s pastoral theological approach is urgently needed in the teaching of pastoral care today, which often neglects the character of pastoral conversation as an opportunity to encounter the living Lord. If pastoral conversation is eschatologically oriented, it will challenge many of the assumptions of how it is actually practiced today.

Conversion: Falling into Friendship Like No Other

In the context of contemporary vicissitudes, this article examines how Lonergan’s grasp of the meaning of redemption illuminates our understanding of Christian conversion. Lonergan’s Law of the Cross implies that the effectiveness of Christian conversion hinges on one’s antecedent willingness to undertake suffering for the sake of the transformation of evil into good. His analogies for Christ’s salvific work with the sacrament of reconciliation and with friendship further clarify the christomorphic, penitential, and community-building character of conversion, which proceeds from the total, transformative, and diffusive falling into friendship with God.

Using String Metrics to Improve the Design of Virtual Conversational Characters: Behavior Simulator Development Study.

BackgroundAn emergency waiting room is a place where conflicts often arise. Nervous relatives in a hostile, unknown environment force security and medical staff to be ready to deal with some awkward situations. Additionally, it has been said that the medical interview is the first diagnostic and therapeutic tool, involving both intellectual and emotional skills on the part of the doctor. At the same time, it seems that there is something mysterious about interviewing that cannot be formalized or taught. In this context, virtual conversational characters (VCCs) are progressively present in most e-learning environments.ObjectiveIn this study, we propose and develop a modular architecture for a VCC-based behavior simulator to be used as a tool for conflict avoidance training. Our behavior simulators are now being used in hospital environments, where training exercises must be easily designed and tested.MethodsWe define training exercises as labeled, directed graphs that help an instructor in the design of complex training situations. In order to increase the perception of talking to a real person, the simulator must deal with a huge number of sentences that a VCC must understand and react to. These sentences are grouped into sets identified with a common label. Labels are then used to trigger changes in the active node of the graph that encodes the current state of the training exercise. As a consequence, we need to be able to map every sentence said by the human user into the set it belongs to, in a fast and robust way. In this work, we discuss two different existing string metrics, and compare them to one that we use to assess a designed exercise.ResultsBased on the similarities found between different sets, the proposed metric provided valuable information about ill-defined exercises. We also described the environment in which our programs are being used and illustrated it with an example.ConclusionsInitially designed as a tool for training emergency room staff, our software could be of use in many other areas within the same environment. We are currently exploring the possibility of using it in speech therapy situations.

Что есть значение? Ответ Пола Грайса

The present paper discusses the ideas presented in Paul Grice’s groundbreaking paper ‘Meaning’ published in 1957. The ideas are examined in the perspective of Grice’s ma­ture, complete and elaborate approach to language. The following tenets are indicated as the main features of that approach: (1) though meaning and use are closely connected, they should not be identified; (2) the theory of meaning and language as a whole must be systematic and explanatory; (3) the meaning of linguistic expressions is explicated in terms of psychological states, first of all, in terms of intentions; (4) three kinds of meaning are distinguished: the meaning of a sentence, the uttered content (what is said), and speaker (utterer’s) meaning; (5) conversation is treated as a rational activity submit­ted to some general principles: to recognize the speaker intentions the audience makes a special kind of inference – implicatures; (6) natural languages has no special informal logic; (7) semantic and pragmatic aspects of language has no clear-cut boundary, they in­teract with each other. In discussing Grice’s article ‘Meaning’ a special attention is paid to three points: the difference between natural and non-natural meaning, the applied proce­dure of conceptual analysis (through identifying necessary and sufficient conditions for attributing non-natural (or speaker) meaning and the nature (reflexive or iterative) of speaker intentions which later were called ‘communicative’. Though Grice is commonly regarded to be a philosopher of ordinary language, his views on the character of meaning and conversation testify to the effect that he rejects some important principles of that philosophical school.

A coumarin-appended cyclometalated iridium(III) complex for visible light driven photoelectrochemical bioanalysis

In this study, a coumarin-appended cyclometalated iridium (III) complex was prepared and demonstrated to be an efficient photoelectrochemical (PEC) active species with stable and reproducible cathodic photocurrent illuminated by visible light. A gold nanoparticles (AuNPs)-based PEC probe was assembled using the as-prepared iridium (III) complex as signal reporter. Integrating aptamer/protein proximity binding-triggered strand displacement and catalytic hairpin assembly (CHA) amplification strategy, an enzyme-free and sensitive PEC assay was developed. Benefiting from superior photon-to-current conversion character of the iridium (III) complex and effective amplification strategy, the proposed assay exhibited enhanced sensitivity for thrombin detection with a detection limit of 23 fM. It also showed a high specificity in serum samples. This study further demonstrated that cyclometalated iridium (III) complexes could be adopted as favorable photoactive material for bioanalysis by improving their ability of absorbance in the visible region.

CODE MIXING IN NOVEL TAKBIR CINTA ZAHRANA

In using language, there are a lot of varieties in represent the language. One of them is code mixing. Indonesian people use code mixing not only in speaking but also in written text. One of written text contains code mixing is novel Takbir Cinta Zahrana. In the novel, the authot represent the characters use code mixing in their daily conversation. They mixes Bahasa and Javanese language. This paper is conducted to get some information about code mixing, especially in novel Takbir Cinta Zahrana The first one is about the level of code mixing, the second one is about factor of code mixing, and the last one is about reason why the characters in the novel using code mixing. The research used qualitative research. The data were collected from the contain of the novel. After doing analyzing, the researcher roll out some facts. The level of code mixing in the novel is dominated by word level, factors of using code mixing are popular term, speaker and speaker character, prestigious factor, and domicile and time of conversation. The last fact is 3 reasons of using code mixng in novel Takbir Cinta Zahrana. They are social roles and relationships of participants; situational factors: discourse topic and language allocation; message-intrinsic considerations; and language attitudes including social dominance and security.

Oscillation and Conversion Performance of Double-Float Wave Energy Converter

In this study, we investigated the hydrodynamic and energy conversion performance of a double-float wave energy converter (WEC) based on the linear theory of water waves. The generator power take-off (PTO) system is modeled as a combination of a linear viscous damping and a linear spring. Using the frequency domain method, the optimal damping coefficient of the generator PTO system is derived to achieve the optimal conversion efficiency (capture width ratio). Based on the potential flow theory and the higher-order boundary element method (HOBEM), we constructed a three-dimensional model of double-float WEC to study its hydrodynamic performance and response in the time domain. Only the heave motion of the two-body system is considered and a virtual function is introduced to decouple the motions of the floats. The energy conversion character of the double-float WEC is also evaluated. The investigation is carried out over a wide range of incident wave frequency. By analyzing the effects of the incident wave frequency, we derive the PTO’s damping coefficient for the double-float WEC’s capture width ratio and the relationships between the capture width ratio and the natural frequencies of the lower and upper floats. In addition, it is capable to modify the natural frequencies of the two floats by changing the stiffness coefficients of the PTO and mooring systems. We found that the natural frequencies of the device can directly influence the peak frequency of the capture width, which may provide an important reference for the design of WECs.

ЛІРИКА УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ЕМІГРАЦІЇ: ВІД СЮРРЕАЛІЗМУ ДО СТИЛІЗАЦІЙ

The article states that the base of the non-referent (non-address-communicational) lyrics are parts of stylistic and surrealism. Such poetry is built on principle “text like text”, the artistic world looses its referency completely and is transformed into a sign. The function of such poetry is non-referential (arbitrary). The most common for such lyrics is stimulation and continuousness of the expression plan (not the contests) that commonly is done on the phonic and graphic levels. The main semiotic classificators here are arbitrary convention and symbol sign. They are non-address and non- communicational. If index has illocutive power, then a symbol sign has a power of categorical imperative. The system of non-referential lyrics in its own way is a spere of experimants. One of them, or maybe the most principal, which made “the exploitation” of the subconsciousness possible, and often gave metaphysical results, was so called automatic writing (ecriture automatique). The main point of it was to write having maximum freedom from the control of the mind, moving in the stream of free associations, and not returning to the written text; in any case nothing should be corrected (creative work of Zinoviy Berezhan). Second is orientation on dreams. Formal distinctive mark of “hooked” to the artistic world neurospace is the image of a dreamer – the one who watches a nightdream and tells about its cotntents (it can be either a narrator, as in the majority of the poems by Boychuk, or an animal, plant or an insect as in the works of Andrievska). The image has two functions: 1. to receive and transmit the contents of a dream spiritually; 2. to associate the contents of seen in a dream with the feelings, or in the other words transform it into the concrete feeling images. Semantic variety of expressionalism against impressionalism (the antipode of which it became) has also the character of conversion, and concerning existentionalism -– inversion. The differences between the styles of non-referential lyrics we can imagine in the shape of inversion. Stylizations also pretend to autonomy. Their structure e.g., in the poem by Olexa Stephanovich “From the chronic”, is defined by not immanently “imagined” in the “reality” norms but by convention -– as if a transition from outside, in advance, only to stress the function of a speaker. In the works of Yuriy Lypa, especially in his stylization “About the seamster Kozhumiaka” the artistic shape net catches the breething of a “chronical”, inner and outer world of a character connecting it with his pseudoarchaic way of narration, the poet makes stylization not only of characters’ dialogues (“The Monk and the Death”), but also the language of a storyteller (“The Deivil”, “The demons and the catcher”), receiving in such a way harmony of languages – the vision of the world. The same was done by Euhen Malanuk in his poem “The rye in the field is spoiled by the hoofs”, in which he eliminated from the narrative language expressions, that went away from geographical-phyhological base of our 20-th century’s menthality.

The influence of transition metals – Fe, Co, Cu on transformation of organic matters from Domanic rocks in hydrothermal catalytic system

Character of conversion of organic matter from Domanic rocks of Pervomaiskoye field (Tatarstan) of Semiluki horizon of upper Devonian deposits in the hydrothermal-catalytic system at temperature of 300 °C in carbon dioxide medium was studied with the application of complex of oil-soluble precursors of catalysts containing Fe, Co, and Cu. In presence of catalysts complex, content of organic extract increases, in which content of hydrocarbon fractions, saturated and aromatic hydrocarbons, increases 1.5 times, while resins content decreases by two times. As result of kerogen destruction in products of experiments, the content of asphaltenes and carbonaceous substances such as carbenes and carboides increase.