Character Association Analysis Research Articles

Genetic diversity and character association analysis based on pomological traits in olive (Olea europaea L.)

Thirteen exotic genotypes of olive (Olea europaea L.) were studied for the genetic variability, correlation and path coefficient analysis for fruit quality, yield and yield contributing traits at experimental farm of ICAR-CITH, Srinagar during 2009-2013. Maximum variability was recorded for fruit yield and oil content, however, low differ-ences between the phenotypic and genotypic coefficients of variations indicated low environmental influences on the expression of these characters. High heritability coupled with high genetic advance was obtained with fruit yield per plant, acidity, fruit pulp weight, fruit weight and stone weight. Fruit weight (r=0.329), stone weight (r=0.405) and oil content (r=0.841) were the most important traits, which possessed significant positive association with fruit yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that among the different yield contributing characters oil content (0.875), fruit weight (0.797) followed by acidity (0.501), peroxides value ( 0.199) and fruit length (0.054) influenced fruit yield per plant directly. The direct effects of these characters on fruit yield were found positive and considerably very high.The selection based on fruit weight, stone weight oil content and yield per plant will be effective for enhancing the fruit and oil yieldand making future olive breeding strategies.

Correlation and path coefficient analysis for yield components and quality traits in radish (Raphanus sativus L.)

A study was carried out to understand the correlations and path analysis for yield and its contributing traits in radish. Seventeen radish genotypes were grown in randomized complete block design replicated three times. Observations were recorded on 18 parameters related to plant growth, root yield and root quality. Genotypic correlation coefficients complimented the phenotypic coefficients and were generally higher than their phenotypic counterparts. Character association analysis revealed highly significant and positive correlation between root yield and marketable yield, root weight, plant weight, root diameter, root length and root plant ratio. Increase in root mass also lead to increase in vitamin C and isothiocyanate content in the roots. Path coefficient analysis both at phenotypic and genotypic levels, revealed strongly positive direct effect of marketable yield, root weight and foliage weight on the total root yield. Greater emphasis on direct and desirable selection for traits such as root diameter, root length and higher root: plant ratio would be effective in increasing the overall root yield and quality.

Improvement of Yield and Mineral Content in Two Cultivars of Vicia faba L. Through Physical and Chemical Mutagenesis and their Character Association Analysis

Improvement of Yield and Mineral Content in Two Cultivars of Vicia faba L. Through Physical and Chemical Mutagenesis and their Character Association Analysis

Correlation and Path Analysis for Yield and Quality Characters in Rice (<i>Oryza sativa</i> L.)

Field experiment was conducted using thirty two rice genotypes during the Kharif season of 2009 at the wetland farm of S.V Agricultural College, Tirupati to estimate correlation coefficients and path analysis for grain yield and yield contributing traits in rice. The experiments were laid down in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Highly significant (p<0.01) variation was obtained for almost all the characters studied. Character association analysis revealed significantly positive association of grain yield per plant with harvest index, days to maturity and number of grains per panicle. Correlations among yield components were positive, encouraging rapid improvement of yield. Path analysis revealed that kernel elongation ratio, kernel length, harvest index and days to maturity have shown high positive direct effects on grain yield.

Correlation and Path Coefficient Analysis of Tomato Germplasms

Forty eight genotypes of tomato were evaluated for yield contributing characters to observe their associations and direct and indirect effect on yield. Character association analysis among yield and yield contributing characters revealed that in most of cases the genotypic correlation coefficient was higher than the respective phenotypic correlation coefficients. This indicated that the suppressive effect of the environment modified the phenotypic expression of these characters by reducing phenotypic correlation values. Also, narrow difference between phenotypic and genotypic correlation coefficient was noticed for almost all the pairs of characters studied showing that masking or modifying effects of the environment was little indicating the presence of an inherent association among these characters. Fruit/cluster showed non-significant positive association with yield/plant at genotypic and phenotypic level but individual weight of fruit had significant negative association at phenotypic level with yield/plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that no. of fruit/cluster had the highest positive direct effects on fruit yield/plant suggesting their importance while imposing selection for correlation of yield in tomato.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(2): 223-226 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i2.12421

Character association in taramira (Eruca sativa L.) under three environment conditions

Forty two genotypes of taramira ( Erucasativa Mill . ) were evaluated for character association analysis of seed yield and its related traits over three different environments created by three dates of sowing during Rabi 2009-10. Environment wise analysis of phenotypic correlation revealed that in first environment seed yield were positive correlated with all characters except seed per siliquae and test weight. In second environment seed yield are positive correlated with days 50 per cent flowering, days to maturity and seed per siliquae and negative correlated with plant height, primary branches per plant, secondary branches per plant, siliquae per plant, test weight and oil content. In third environment seed yield were positive correlated with days to 50 per cent flowering, secondary branches per plant,siliquae per plant seed per siliquae, test weight and oil content and negative correlated with days to maturity, plant height and primary branches per plant.

Characterization of Citrus Rootstocks Under Sriganganagar Conditions of Zone 1B

Investigation was carried out to evaluate and characterize the available citrus rootstocks and to find out the genetic variability and correlation in between the qualitative/quantitative traits. Fully grown, eleven Citrus types i.e. C. maderaspatana, C. jambhiri var. Mitthi, C. Pectinifera, C. Reshni T, Citrumelo (P. trifoliata x C. sinensis), Carrizo Citrange (P. trifoliate x C. paradisi), C. limonia, C. Karna, C. aurantium, C. Jambhiri var. Jatti-katti and C. limon var. Bhadri Lemon were selected for the study. These exhibited variation for different physico-chemical fruit and seed attributes. Variation in seed characters were also recorded for seed shape, number and colour of cotyledons. Variation were noted for quantitative traits like fruit length (24–210 mm) fruit weight (19–1883 g), TSS (7–10); seed length (7–16 mm), hundred seed weight (16–31 g) and seed number per fruit (2–55). In character association analysis, positive and significant correlation were recorded for fruit weight with fruit size, seed weight with seed size and seed weight with seed germination. Thus, the study revealed that significant amount of genetic variability exists among the available rootstocks. Genetic variability and inter relationship of characters may lead to effective selection of rootstock for commercial multiplication and further improvement programme of citrus plants.

Variability, heritability and character association analysis of chemoagronomic traits in Rauwolfia serpentina

An investigation was carried out with 25 populations of Rauwolfia serpentina to assess variability, association of yield components and their direct and indirect effects on yield. Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among 25 populations of R. serpentina for all the traits. Heritability estimates in broad sense were high for most of the traits and moderate for number of primary root branch. As in case of heritability, expected genetic advance was the highest for plant height, number of primary stem branch, reserpine content (%) in root, the most important trait for commercial utilization. Correlation analysis indicated positive and significant phenotypic correlation of reserpine content with root length and total alkaloid content (%) and significant negative association with root diameter. The partitioning of genotypic correlation coefficient into direct and indirect effects revealed total alkaloid content and root yield were the most important direct contributors to reserpine percent in root. It is concluded that accessions with more alkaloid content and root length are likely to yield more reserpine content in root and these characters can be considered to be reliable traits for selection of high reserpine content in root.

Correlation and path coefficient analysis in sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica)

The present investigations were conducted on sixteen genotypes of sprouting broccoli (Brassica oleracea var italica Plenck) in Randomized Complete Block Design in two environments, viz. rabi 2010-11 and rabi 2011-12. Character association analysis revealed that marketable yield/plant was significantly and positively correlated with terminal head weight/plant, harvest index, gross weight/plant, head size index, days to first harvest, leaf size with leaf stalk, plant frame and leaf size without leaf stalk which could be considered as the important selection criteria in the improvement of marketable yield. The results of path analysis revealed that the maximum positive direct effect on marketable yield/plant was exhibited by terminal head weight per plant followed by harvest index, gross weight per plant and head size index. This indicated that a selection procedure based on high terminal head weight/plant along with high harvest index, high gross weight/plant and high head size index may be effective in improving marketable yield.

Correlation for Yield and Yield Related Trait in Mutant and Segregating Genotypes in Sunflower (&lt;i&gt;Helianthus annus&lt;/i&gt; L.)

146 genotypes including 46 mutant and 100 segregants of sunflower were selected for the character association study to assess the relationship among yield and its components. Observations were recorded on six traits viz., 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, head diameter, 100-seed weight and seed yield per plant. Character association analysis revealed strong positive association of head diameter and 100-seed weight with seed yield per plant Hence simultaneous selection of these characters would contribute for the seed yield per plant improvement. And this association study revealed the need of development of early and dwarf mgenotype for improvement of seed yield per plant.

Genetic variability and character association analysis in bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)

The present investigation on genetic variability including mean, genotypic and phenotypic variances, coefficient of variation, heritability, and genetic advance was conducted on genetically diverse twenty three genotypes of bell pepper. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes for all the traits. On the basis of mean performance, genotypes PRC-1, SSP, Kandaghat Sel. and Ranichauri Sel-1 were outperformed for fruit yield per plant, average fruit weight, number of fruits per plant and took less number of days to 50% flowering. The phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) and genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV) were high for fruit yield per plant and ascorbic acid content indicating that these traits had wide genetic variability and would respond better to selection. High heritability and high genetic advance were recorded for average fruit weight, fruit yield per plant, fruit diameter, number of lobes per fruit, days to first harvest, leaf area and ascorbic acid content indicating the role of additive gene action for the inheritance of these traits. At genotypic levels, the traits fruit length, fruit diameter and number of fruits per plant revealed significant positive correlation with fruit yield per plant. Number of fruits per plant exhibited the highest positive direct effect followed by average fruit weight, number of branches per plant, pedicel length and harvest duration at genotypic level.

Character association studies in blackgram (Vigna mungo (L) Hepper)

Character association analysis in fifty genetically diverse genotypes of blackgram revealed significant positive association of biological yield per plant, pods per plant, clusters per plant, branches per plant, plant height, harvest index and days to maturity with grain yield in decreasing order of their magnitude. Further, it was found that biological yield per plant, harvest index and pods per plant showed high direct effects on grain yield where as high indirect positive effects were shown by other traits through biological yield per plant, harvest index and pods per plant. Hence, these characters appeared to be important for evolving superior genotypes in blackgram.