Channel Supply Chain Research Articles

Supply Chain Channel Strategy and Marketing Performance of Agricultural Products Firms in Nigeria

Even with the expansion of the vendor network supply chain channel strategy research and the development of the nation's agricultural industry, there seems to be no empirical research on supply chain channel strategy as it relates to marketing performance of agricultural products’ firms. Particularly, it appears that there have not been studies on the relationship between supply chain channel strategy formulation within the agricultural industry in Nigeria. The lack of literature by scholars with respect to supply chain channel strategy in the agricultural industry to trigger innovations in channel techniques and strategies could properly be the root cause of ineffective marketing performance of agricultural products’ firms in terms of customer’s service, profitability and product availability. The researchers therefore sought to discuss this limitation, thereby bridging the acknowledged gap. Based on the objective of the study, a systematic survey was utilized to obtain information from 376 management staff of agricultural product enterprises, and three hypotheses were developed. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical techniques. The results demonstrated a favorable and significant association between marketing success of agricultural product companies and channel management. It was concluded that if supply chain channel strategy is well implemented, there would be an increase in marketing performance as measured by client fulfillment, profitability and product availability. Considering the results, it was recommended that sales, supply chain and marketing managers should manage their supply chain channels by placing more emphasis on channel strategy.

Efficiency of Supply Chain Management Performance in Potato Farming with Data Envelopment Analysis

The potato farmers in Karangreja District use two supply chain channels, namely the supply chain channel partnership non-partnership supply chain channels. The existence of a good supply chain channel, will provide benefits and benefits that are evenly distributed to all parties involved in distributing potato products to consumers. The purpose of this research is to analyze the differences in profit, farmer share, and supply chain efficiency in partnership and non-partnership patterns in Karangreja District, Purbalingga Regency. The farmer sampling method using Simple Random Sampling obtained 500 partnership pattern farmers and non-partnership pattern farmers. Determination of marketing agencies using the Snowball Sampling technique obtained collectors, wholesaler, and retailers. Analysis of the data used is the analysis of supply chain efficiency and analysis of different tests. The results of the analysis show the supply chain efficiency analysis shows that 42.86 farmers operating efficiently have partnership patterns and 57.20 non-partner pattern farmers. The different test analysis shows that for profit and farmer's share indicators there is a significant difference between the partnership pattern and the non-partnership pattern. As for the marketing margin indicators and performance efficiency, there is no significant difference between the partnership pattern and the non-partnership pattern

Should the pricing or advertising decision come first in a supply chain with a network externality?

Purpose This paper aims to study how the timing of these decisions affects the total profit and the individual profits of the two agents. Design/methodology/approach This paper study a supply chain for a network good where there is a manufacturer and a retailer. The manufacturer determines its wholesale price and its share in the retailer’s advertising cost while the retailer decides the retail price and the advertising cost. Findings This paper finds that a stronger network externality leads to higher prices and higher advertising efforts. This increases the profits of both manufacturer and retailer, but the manufacturer’s share of advertising costs depends on the order in which the supply chain enterprise make their decisions, the strength of network externality and the effect of advertising determines which decision timeline results in a higher price and greater advertising effort. The manufacturer prefers the price decision to be made before the advertising decision, while the retailer prefers these decisions to be made simultaneously. Research limitations/implications Although this paper studies the price and advertising decision-making order preferences of channel members based on network externalities, this research can also be expanded from the following aspects based on network effects. First, network externality affects advertising cooperation between both parties in the situation such that the pricing power of retail prices is transferred from the retailer to the manufacturer and the retailer relies on revenue sharing (revenue sharing contract, nonwholesale price contract. Second, the manufacturer dominates the issues in the supply chain, but in reality, a retailer can also be the dominator or there are no dominators (Nash equilibrium). Finally, it is possible to consider pricing and advertising decisions in situations where two manufacturers or retailers compete. Practical implications When the price is reasonable, advertising investment is the main determinant of product sales. The greater the intensity of network externalities the more retailers will be willing to invest in advertising. An increase in the intensity of network externalities may not necessarily enhance manufacturers’ motivation or cooperative advertising, but it depends on the decision-making sequence. The strength of network externalities determines the decision-making sequence preferences of supply chain channel members whose preferences vary leading to conflicts of interest. Originality/value The impact of cooperative advertising or decision sequence on corporate decision-making has not been considered. To fill this gap, the paper integrates network externality and supply chain cooperative advertising models, focusing on the impact of network externality on pricing and advertising decisions, as well as on the sequence of decisions.

A sales strategy optimization model on online group buying in a fuzzy dual channel supply chain using a game theoretic approach

A sales strategy optimization model on online group buying in a fuzzy dual channel supply chain using a game theoretic approach

Research on cooperative advertising strategies for dual channel supply chain of fresh agricultural products considering carbon reduction efficiency under retailer leadership.

With the development of low-carbon economy and the dominant position of retailers, through the establishment and comparison of three cooperative advertising models: model of supplier's independent advertising, model of supplier's independent advertising and model of retailer's and supplier's cooperative advertising, this paper studies the cooperative advertising decision-making of fresh agricultural products supply chain with two channels, and the demand of both channels is affected by the level of advertising investment, the proportion of advertising cost sharing and the efficiency of carbon emission reduction. The results show that when supplier and retailer adopt the two-way cooperative advertising mode, the demand and profit level of the two channels reach the optimal level. Numerical analysis shows that carbon emission reduction efficiency has an important impact on profits and market demand, which is closely related to cooperative advertising strategy.

Resilience in supply chain management: lessons learned from disruptions like the COVID-19 pandemic

The ravaging impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on global supply chains and its exposures of the vulnerabilities of the supply chain process has been examined in this paper. Importantly, the failure of supply chain resilience and the post-COVID-19 lessons necessitated the need to examine the need for resilience in supply chain management process. The paper examined the concept of resilience and its application in supply chain management, and covered strategies for developing resilience in supply chain management, which includes: identification and assessment of associated risks, diversification of supply chain channels, enhancing collaborations and effective communication among stakeholders, inventory management and supply chain flexibility, technology adoption and digitalization, scenario planning and simulations, as well as robust continuity planning. The paper also identified the challenges of supply chain resilience building. The paper provides valuable insights into how organizations can better handle future supply chain operations by considering the intrinsic development of resilience, which will enable them to better withstand and quickly recover from future disruptions.

Study of the Impact of Fairness Concern on Low Carbon Dual Channel Supply Chain

A supplier-dominated secondary low-carbon dual channel supply chain is used as the object of study, and the expected demand function is constructed when the seller has the advantage of market information in the information asymmetry situation, in order to explore the impact of fairness concern on supply chain decision making. The utility functions in the three scenarios were analyzed and compared, and mathematical simulations were conducted according to market demand information available to the seller and the effort input of decision-making subject. Studies have shown that: Whichever decision-making subject has the fairness concern behavior does not affect the supplier as a higher profit maker; information on market demand also needs to be taken into account when considering the impact of the level of fairness concern on profits of the decision maker. When suppliers misjudge market demand, wholesale price increases are slowed if sellers have equity concerns, and sellers may engage in retaliatory behavior if equity demands are not met. In addition, low carbon demand is profitable for suppliers in supplier-led supply chains regardless of market demand, and low carbon sales efforts are not necessarily profitable for retailers.

How power structure and markup schemes impact supply chain channel efficiency under price-dependent stochastic demand

Although considerable attention has been separately given to factors such as power structures, price-dependent demand, and markup pricing schemes, there has been limited exploration of the combined effects of these factors on supply chain efficiency and the leader’s advantage. We propose a game theoretic model in which a manufacturer sells a single product to a newsvendor retailer who sets both optimal order quantity and selling price under uncertain price-dependent demand. Furthermore, we examine a supply network wherein a single retailer fulfills orders using a global manufacturer for regular orders and a local manufacturer to clear any shortages. Through numerical analysis, we show that the retailer always prefers to charge a percentage markup. In a two-player game, channel efficiency is higher when the retailer is the leader under linear demand; however, under iso-elastic demand, the manufacturer being a leader brings a higher channel efficiency. When a local manufacturer is involved as a second manufacturer, channel efficiency is higher when the retailer remains a follower, as this induces more fierce wholesale price competition between the two manufacturers. Additionally, when demand uncertainty is high in the two-player game with linear demand, the retailer as a follower can achieve higher profits, whilst high uncertainty under iso-elastic demand decreases both players’ profits. Moreover, it becomes advantageous for the retailer to have a local manufacturer as demand uncertainty increases, even when the local manufacturer announces the wholesale price first.

Efisiensi Pemasaran Produk Mie Sagu Pada Usaha Mie Sehat Cempaka

This research aimed to assess the marketing efficiency of sago noodle products within the Cempaka Healthy Noodle business. The findings reveal two distinct marketing channels to promote Cempaka sago noodle products. In marketing channel I, which involves the process from manufacturers to distributors and ultimately to consumers, the manufacturer (Mie Sehat Cempaka) receives varying margins, precisely 76.92% for Titi Original Noodle products, 80% for Kwetiauw Noodle products, 74.07% for Kwantung Noodle products, 74.07% for Sago Noodle products, and 71.43% for Carrot Noodle products. On the other hand, marketing channel II represents a direct route from manufacturers to consumers without intermediaries, resulting in the manufacturer (Mie Sehat Cempaka) obtaining a 100% margin for sago noodle products (Mie Titi Original, Mie Kwetiauw, Mie Kwantung, Mie Sagu, Mie Wortel). Based on the analysis of marketing margins and farmers' share, it can be concluded that supply chain channel II is more efficient than supply chain channel I. This implies that shorter supply chain channels are more efficient than longer ones.

Impact of uncertain demand and channel power on dual channel supply chain decisions.

The paper aims to conduct an analysis of pricing strategies in a dual channel supply chain under external uncertainty, utilizing Interval numbers theory and Game theory as the theoretical basis. The focus is on maximizing the expected profits of manufacturers and retailers. Four models are considered: centralized decision-making, manufacturer's Stackelberg, retailer's Stackelberg strategy, and vertical Nash model, with the decision variable being the product price. By solving the game model, the paper compares the optimal decisions under the four models and conducts sensitivity analysis to reflect the influence of key parameters and analyze their relationships. The ultimate goal is to optimize profits under various circumstances by adjusting market potential and price parameters to determine the best price level. The findings suggest that decision-maker's risk indicators have a greater impact on decision results when market demand is less sensitive to price, and that the size of the market has a negative correlation with the impact of decision-maker's risk indicators on decision results.

Manajemen Rantai Pasok Produk Beras di Penggilingan Padi Sumber Baru Kecamatan Sidoarjo, Kabupaten Sidoarjo

Research Objectives 1) To analyze the institutions and supply chain members of the rice commodity in the New Sumber Padi Mill; 2) Analyze the supply chain management of rice commodities at the New Sumber Padi Mill; 3) Analyze supply chain trading margins and value chain analysis at the New Source Rice Mill. The analytical method used is descriptive qualitative analysis, quantitative descriptive analysis, and qualitative design. The institutions and supply chain members involved in the rice supply chain at the Sumber Baru Rice Mill are farmers, middlemen, rice millers, retailers, and consumers. The supply chain channel pattern has three supply chain channel patterns. The product flow occurs from farmers selling grain to rice in the hands of consumers. The financial flow of the two-channel patterns is equally profitable. Then the information flow occurs because each has a two-way flow of information between institutions and supply chain members. The trading system margin for each trading system channel is different. The highest added value is in the rice mill.

Retail operations strategy for improved customer experience: a better response to crises such as COVID-19 pandemic

Purpose Discount grocery stores (DGSs) are attractive food supply chain (FSC) channels because many cost-conscious Indians use them for monthly needs. Despite capacity, DGSs must address customer concerns about store crowd densities and improve their COVID-19 preparedness. The purpose of this study is to learn how retail operations strategies can improve customer experience and how stores can benefit. Design/methodology/approach The study looked at a case study where retail operations are run more efficiently, and the customer experience is enhanced by standardizing and customizing customer transactions. The potential benefits that customers and retailers might anticipate are then statistically verified. Next, the potential benefits were examined to determine which ones from customers’ and retailers’ views should be prioritized to increase satisfaction. Findings The case situation analysis in the study demonstrates how DGSs can improve their retail operations to reduce customer wait times and provide greater convenience. The study also provides practitioners with potential benefits to pursue from the perspectives of retailers, customers and both retailers and customers. Research limitations/implications This study requires many past transactions and can be considered an extension of the current study, so it does not capture floor space and capacity improvements. Practical implications This research can help FSC retailers compete with upstream supply chain partners and customers in omnichannel retailing. By improving DGS retailer capacity and customer experience, this study can benefit all FSC stakeholders. Originality/value Although there are numerous potential benefits that practitioners can pursue, the current study suggests that practitioners focus on those that can improve retailer and customer satisfaction.

Retraction Note: Research on heterogeneous customer hotel supply chain channel selection model based on game theory

Retraction Note: Research on heterogeneous customer hotel supply chain channel selection model based on game theory

Multistage Supply Chain Channel Principal-Agent Model in the Context of e-Commerce With Fairness Preference.

This research aims to investigate information asymmetry in e-commerce supply chain channels and the impact of the fair preference model on the behavior and returns of channel members. Therefore, by contrasting it with the model in the completely rational case, this research establishes a more realistic principal-agent model and incorporates the fair preference model into the e-commerce supply chain channel. According to the model's analysis, the effort level of the retailer at each stage is positively correlated with the e-commerce efficiency coefficient, and the incentive coefficient of manufacturers is positively correlated with the e-commerce efficiency coefficient in the case where all rationality is assumed. Manufacturing companies' anticipated profits are positively correlated with the e-commerce efficiency coefficient. According to the fair preference model, retailers will put forth more effort to sell products when their fixed income from manufacturers is higher and their optimal effort level is positively correlated with that income. When e-commerce's efficiency coefficient is higher than 1, the retailer's revenue and effort exceeded those of traditional channels. Manufacturers and retailers both experience Pareto improvements in their earnings after the fair preference model is introduced.

Pricing and coordination in a dual-channel supply chain considering internet celebrity’s sales effort and personal influence

The main purpose of this paper is to study the coordination, price and sales effort decisions of a dual channel supply chain under live streaming commerce mode. In nowadays’ e-commerce age, more and more people have interest in live streaming especially after the outbreak of COVID-19, but the research on live streaming supply chain is lacking. To fill this gap, a supply chain composed of a manufacturer and an internet celebrity is established, in which the demand is affected by the internet celebrity’s sales effort and personal influence. Considering different power structures of the supply chain, price and sales effort decisions are studied in four models: Nash, manufacturer dominant (MD), internet celebrity dominant (KD) and cooperative game models. Subsequently, the feasible region of bargaining game is discussed in terms to share the extra profits and coordinate the supply chain. The manufacturer and the internet celebrity can be coordinated through bargaining problem in the cooperation model, and the extra profits sharing ratio is depend on each other’s bargaining power. Numerical analysis is further provided to test the propositions and show the impacts of market share rate, internet celebrity’s commission rate and personal influence on supply chain’s performance.

Decision making in fuzzy closed loop dual channel supply chain

This paper discusses the optimal pricing and collecting decisions in a fuzzy environment of the three closed-loop dual-channel supply chain models where a manufacturer produces the original product from fresh materials and unfashionable products. The manufacturer sells the original products to the customers using direct and retail channels (forward dual channel). In the reverse channel, the manufacturer, third-party collector and retailer individually take responsibility for unfashionable products acquired from the market in the three models. Remanufacturing cost, product collecting cost and market demand are treated as fuzzy variables. The optimal decisions wholesale price, direct price, retail price and collection rate are derived using fuzzy set theory and game theory approach in the three decision models. Finally, numerical illustrations clarify the impact of the fuzzy degree parameters on the decision variables and the expected profits of the players. It is found that the manufacturer decision model is superior for receiving the maximum expected profits of the players and also being more convenient from the customer?s perspective.

Study on the Supply Chain Channels of Agricultural Products in Guangzhou for Building the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Study on the Supply Chain Channels of Agricultural Products in Guangzhou for Building the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area under the Rural Revitalization Strategy

Supply chain channel structure with online platform and dual-purpose firms

This study examines the equilibrium channel structure strategy in a supply chain where a manufacturer can sell products to consumers via/on an online platform, and firms may focus on both profit and consumer surplus. We consider three supply chain channel structures: a reselling channel (mode R), wherein the platform acts as the reseller; an agency channel (mode A), wherein the platform acts as the marketplace; and a dual channel (mode D), wherein the platform acts as both the reseller and marketplace. This study explores the strategic effect of the dual-purpose concern on the co-opetition relationship of firms and derives ramifications for the optimal channel structure. First, the platform may abandon mode A when the manufacturer’s consumer surplus concern is high, even if the commission rate is high. This is because the manufacturer’s sales revenue may be harmed by the higher selling quantity and lower price resulting from the increased concern of consumer surplus in mode A. The manufacturer prefers mode D (mode R) only when the commission rate is low (high). However, the supply chain may prefer mode R (mode D) when the platform’s consumer surplus concern is high (low) irrespective of the commission rate. Second, with dual-purpose firms, both the platform and manufacturer may prefer mode R (mode D) when the commission rate is medium and the platform’s consumer surplus concern is high (low). Third, mode A is beneficial to consumer surplus and social welfare as long as agency selling is viable, which occurs when the consumer surplus concern and the commission rate are not too high; otherwise, mode D is the optimal choice, because it enables the supply chain to sell products to consumers in a more flexible way. Finally, the results are robust to a parsimonious dual-purpose platform, an imperfect competitive market, price competition with a dominant platform, multiple competing manufacturers, and a non-zero slotting fee.

Incorporating Consumers’ Low-Carbon and Freshness Preferences in Dual-Channel Agri-Foods Supply Chains: An Analysis of Decision-Making Behavior

The purchasing decisions of consumers increasingly incorporate considerations of freshness and the carbon footprint of agri-foods. This study aims to investigate the impact of consumer preferences on decision-making behavior within dual-channel supply chains. Specifically, it classifies the structure of the supply chain channels into two types: producer-led and seller-led online channels, and examines two distinct decision-making scenarios: centralized and decentralized decision-making. The study applies the game theory modeling method to analyze the differences in the selling prices, freshness, low carbon levels, and profits of agri-foods in these scenarios. The findings indicate that as consumer preference for the online channel grows, it becomes more challenging to sell homogeneous agri-foods at higher prices through physical (entity) channels. Moreover, the introduction of online channels by sellers leads to higher selling prices for agri-foods in the supply chain under decentralized decision-making compared to centralized decision-making, and the freshness and low carbon level of agri-foods primarily depend on the cost structure of the supply chain. From the perspective of enhancing produce quality, promoting low carbon development, and attaining high-quality products at a reasonable price, centralized decision-making within the supply chain and seller-led online channels are more advantageous. However, it is important to note that pursuing these benefits may result in a certain amount of sacrifice in terms of supply chain profit.

Analisis Rantai Pasok Buah Pepaya di Pulau Ambon

This study aimed to analyze the mechanism and efficiency of the papaya supply chain in Ambon Island. The analytical method uses qualitative and quantitative analysis. The qualitative analysis describes the mechanism of the papaya supply chain flow, while the quantitative analysis analyzes marketing margins, farmer's share, and marketing efficiency. Based on the results of the analysis, there are 2 supply chain channels for the papaya wulung supply chain in Saniani Maju, the first channel (Producers → Collectors in the mardika market → Consumers), the second channel (Producers → Rujak natsepa traders → Consumers). Papaya bangkok at Gerbang Mas has 1 channel (Farmers → Fris fresh market → Consumers). Analysis of efficiency and farmer share shows that all marketing channels are efficient because they meet the criteria, namely the calculation results of farmer's share ≥ 40% and marketing efficiency value < 50%.