Changes In Family Life Research Articles

‘It's just one step too far’: Negotiating physical activity for perinatal mental health

BackgroundPhysical activity is recommended as a self-help strategy for some mild to moderate perinatal mental illnesses. Despite this, we know very little about how women remain active, or take up physical activity, in the context of changing family life and perinatal mental illness. We seek to explore: a) how women negotiate physical activity for their mental health during transitions into parenthood and the early years; and b) the experiences of women with perinatal mental illness in relation to physical activity. MethodsAn anonymous UK-wide qualitative online survey was used to better understand how physical activity may be used for perinatal mental health, barriers to activity and changes over time. 186 women with babies and children up to four years completed the survey. Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data and generate themes. ResultsThemes generated from this data were: 1) negotiating being active for perinatal mental health (the benefits and how these women remained active); 2) barriers to PA associated with mental illness (some women were active but still experienced general barriers to further PA, and there were several emotional barriers from mental illness); and 3) PA, guilt and the importance of valuing walking (guilt about not being active enough, guilt and feelings of failure exacerbated by questions about PA levels without support offered; regular walking not valued as PA exacerbating feelings of guilt). Conclusions and ImplicationsThis study provides new empirical data on the experiences of new mothers’, physical activity and mental health with important implications for physical activity messaging and support for women during this time through maternity care. Individualised conversations are important and the value of walking and incidental activity from activities that mothers and families find enjoyable should be promoted.

The Impact of Perceived Social Support and Family Life Changes on Critical Thinking with the Mediating Role of Moral Foundations

Background and Objective: Objectives: Critical thinking, as an art of analyzing and evaluating thought, leads to the improvement and enhancement of individual thinking through assessment. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of perceived social support and life changes on critical thinking with the mediating role of moral foundations. Methods and Materials: In a predictive correlational design, 404 young individuals (both male and female) about to get married were selected through convenience sampling and using Klein's sample size formula (formula 1 to 20). The research instruments included standard questionnaires of Perceived Social Support - Family Scale (PSS-FA), Young Adults Family Inventory of Life Events and Changes (YA-FILES), Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory (CTDI), and Moral Foundations Questionnaire (MFQ-30). Data analysis was conducted using SPSS19 and Smart-PLS software. Findings: Results indicated that 19.4% of the variations in critical thinking were explained by the variables of social support and life changes (P < 0.001). Additionally, results related to the mediating role of moral foundations showed that social support and life changes, through moral foundations, have no indirect effect on critical thinking, with values of 0.005 (0.661) and -0.008 (0.676) respectively (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Based on the research findings, it can be concluded that perceived social support and family life changes affect moral foundations and critical thinking. Therefore, paying attention to these mechanisms can be useful in developing effective preventive and therapeutic interventions for adolescents about to get married.

Home experiences of parents of children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A qualitative study

PurposeThis study aimed to describe the home experiences of parents of children undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Design and methodsThis study was conducted using a descriptive qualitative research design. The study sample consisted of 12 parents with a child treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) at a university hospital in Turkey. Semi-structured individual interviews and researcher observations were used for data collection. The interview transcripts of the study were analyzed using content analysis. ResultsFive main themes were obtained, each of which had associated sub-themes: difficulties faced in home experiences, changes in family life, feelings about home experiences, parents' ways of coping with difficulties, and parents' suggestions. ConclusionsParents faced various difficulties in their own home experiences, and they felt fear, anxiety and stress during this period. Following the child's HSCT, there were changes in health, physical, psychological and social aspects of family life. Some parents used distraction techniques, and the support of their spouses and health professionals to cope with difficulties. Practice implicationsFor pediatric nurses to comprehensively assess and support the home care needs of the child and parents, they should understand the difficulties parents face in home experiences, as well as their feelings, changes in their lives, suggestions regarding home experiences, and ways of coping. Regular health screening and psychosocial support can be provided for parents of children after HSCT, and regular training can be given for parents' management of care-related problems and increasing their self-efficacy for this management.

Conrad, Lawrence, and the Sabotage and Salvage of Genre

Abstract This article considers Joseph Conrad's Nostromo and D. H. Lawrence's Women in Love as modernist reworkings of the industrial novels of the mid-nineteenth century, such as Elizabeth Gaskell's Mary Barton and Charles Dickens's Hard Times. Conrad and Lawrence, the article argues, rework the industrial-novel genre as a way to figure a crisis of British culture—and of the novel as a form. In the era of British imperial decline, the apparent massification and globalization of modern Western culture, and revolutionary changes in gender relations and family life, the synoptic historical narratives of Nostromo and Women in Love describe the transformation of the earlier promise of development into an apocalyptic present, and, in turn, the dissolution of the progressive assurance of the realist novel. While the nineteenth-century novels plead for reform and paternalistic care to moderate but protect the free market and liberalism, Nostromo and Women in Love narrate precisely the historical fulfillment of this wish—but, then, in turn, also narrate the end of that reformist logic and the triumph of a fully globalized and “perfected” capitalism, which they characterize as worse than the free-market capitalism that the earlier novels both criticize and celebrate. Drawing on Marxist-feminist theories of “social reproduction,” the article describes especially how the modernist novels imagine the family as a machine for maintaining and servicing capitalist production: the regeneration of the family—a trope so important to the resolution of plot in the realist novel—is now a sign of decay instead of resilience.

The effect of social economic changes during pandemic COVID-19 toward child wellbeing

Pandemic Covid-19 has had a broad impact on human life; various restrictions cause various socioeconomic changes in family life, affecting the child's wellbeing. In contrast, the child's wellbeing must be adequately fulfilled so they can grow and develop into quality human resources. The purpose of this paper was to systematically review the evidence on the impact of socioeconomic changes during the pandemic on children's wellbeing. This systematic review was carried out following PRISMA guidelines. Data collection was carried out on March 18, 2022, using the Pro-Quest, Tailor and Francis, Emerald, Sage Pub, and Science Direct databases. Based on this study's exclusion and inclusion criteria, there were 19 studies included in this paper. The analysis results show that most of the included studies prove that socioeconomic status affects children's wellbeing, while one study showed that there is no effect. In conclusion, the findings from the review may provide guidelines for promoting better child wellbeing during the pandemic Covid-19.

The Mental Stress of Immigrant Parents of Children with ASD in the United States During the COVID-19 Pandemics: A Study from Ecological System Perspective

Given that researchers interested in the experiences of minority parents of children with special needs sometimes recruit participants solely based on their ethnic origin, despite the socioeconomic and political divide between immigrant and native-born minority parents, little is known about the experiences of immigrant parents in the context of the global pandemic beginning in 2019, even though academics have seen major changes in family life in the context of COVID -19 constraints. By examining through an ecological system perspective and based on the findings of a qualitative interpretive phenomenological analysis(IPA) that sought to understand the experiences of 13 immigrant parents of children with ASD advocating for their children, who immigrated from 7 different countries and regions, this article discusses the mental stress experienced by immigrant parents during the pandemic. The findings about mental stress included coping with mental stress caused by being separated from family support networks, increased miscommunication caused by the shift from in-person to online communication, and increased workload as a home-based intervention provider due to practitioner shortages during the pandemic. This study implies that even though immigrant parents have demonstrated amazing resilience in dealing with the pandemic-related environment, external social support is urgently needed to assist them in managing the impact of pandemic-related stresses and concerns.

최근 혼인과 가족생활의 변화에 대한 헌법적 대응과 보장

Our Constitution stipulates that marriage and family life should be established and maintained on the basis of individual dignity and equality of sexes, and the state has an obligation to guarantee this.
 However, recent changes in marriage and family life are occurring due to various factors of society. In Korea, too, family forms are diversifying due to the collapse of the traditional family system and various choices for freedom of marriage due to late marriage, non-marriage, graduating from marriage, and reduced fertility. Our Constitution stipulates marriage, family life and the obligation of the state to guarantee it in Article 36, but the current legal concept and constitutional response to marriage and family seems insufficient.
 In order to effectively respond to this, I think it is necessary to appropriately revise marriage and family provisions when revising the constitution. The content and form of the discipline of Article 36, Paragraph 1 of the current Constitution has a limit to constitutionally embrace and guarantee the deinstitutionalization of the family in modern society because the traditional family system has a strong guarantee character.
 Problem solving through the existing constitutional interpretation may be the next best thing, but in order to protect and support a new type of community that does not correspond to traditional marriage and family forms as marriage and family, it is necessary to fully consider the possibility of acceptance into our society and accept it based on constitutional possibility and grounds through consensus of the public sphere.
 Furthermore, in recognizing a new type of marriage and family form, it is time to change the sense of solidarity of being a companion to live together in this age, avoiding discriminatory judgment based on preconception and prejudice on the constitutional basis.

Parental Experience of the Children with Gastrointestinal Stoma in Kanti Children Hospital, a Tertiary Level Children Hospital in Nepal

Background: The gastrointestinal stomas are seen as the obligatory condition for the treatment of children with gastrointestinal malfunction where their parents have to face various challenges. The lived experience of parents having children with gastrointestinal stomas was explored in this study. Methods: Qualitative phenomenological research design was used. Data were gathered by interviewing total 11 mothers with children having stoma for at least 2 weeks and admitted in a hospital. Thematic analysis was done with obtained data. Results: Six major emergent themes from the study were the parent’s journey with child’s health, challenges faced, resilience in caring the child, change in family life, support system and socio-cultural perception and influence. Conclusion: Parents of the children with the stoma face a range of problems and challenges. So, to sustain a better and conducive life of the parent and their children with stoma, parental resilience must be enhanced by developing an integrated support in the journey of the parenthood.

Social class, school and family: thinking about the relevance of Annette Lareau’s unequal childhoods

This essay draws on the work Unequal Childhoods: Class, race and family life by Annette Lareau to reflect on the current relevance of the concept of social class and its relationship with school and family. From a broad perspective, the author, on the basis of an ethnographic study in a natural context, develops the concepts of cultivated growth and natural growth, relating them to social class and highlighting the effects of each one on the relationship between family and school. On this basis, it is understood that, despite the changes in social and family life brought about by contemporaneity, the role and weight of social class in the unfolding of family, school and social life is a catalyst of the social differences currently observed in the world.

Development of the Healthy Aging Perspectives Questionnaire among Older Adults with Chronic Disease in Taiwan

The purpose of this study was to develop a questionnaire which investigates perspectives regarding healthy aging among old patients with chronic illness. This study used qualitative and quantitative methods, including in-depth interviews, focus groups, and surveys between 2014 and 2016. Participants were recruited from the outpatient department of a medical center and a community healthcare center, 23 for interviews and 332 for surveys. The exploratory factor analysis was applied to identify the domains of the questionnaire and reduce the number of scale items. Criterion validity and reliability were evaluated. The final instrument (19 items) comprised the following four domains affected by disease: physical and psychological changes; living environment changes; social relationship changes; and changes in family life. The instrument explained 62.71% of the total variance in healthy aging perspectives. Criterion validity was supported by a significant correlation of the questionnaire with the World Health Organization Quality of Life scale (r, range: 0.14–0.65). The internal consistency of the questionnaire was 0.8 (Cronbach’s α, range: 0.71–0.89). The questionnaire is a valid and reliable instrument useful for examining healthy aging perspectives in older adults with chronic diseases. To enhance healthy aging for older persons with chronic disease, policy makers should acknowledge that elderly with chronic diseases not only have healthcare needs but also need attention regarding their psychological health and social and environmental relationships. The healthy aging perspectives questionnaire (HAPQ) can help clinicians to determine how to approach their older patients with chronic diseases to promote healthy aging.

Long-Lasting Effects of Changes in Daily Routine during the Pandemic-Related Lockdown on Preschoolers’ Language and Emotional–Behavioral Development: A Moderation Analysis

The quantity and quality of environmental stimuli and contexts are crucial for children's development. Following the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19), restrictive measures have been implemented, constraining children's social lives and changing their daily routines. To date, there is a lack of research assessing the long-lasting impacts that these changes have had on children's language and emotional-behavioral development. In a large sample of preschoolers (N = 677), we investigated (a) the long-lasting effects of changes in family and social life and in daily activities over the first Italian nationwide COVID-19-pandemic-related lockdown upon children's linguistic and emotional-behavioral profiles and (b) how children's demographic variables and lifelong family characteristics moderated these associations within a multiple-moderator framework. Our findings showed a relationship between the time spent watching TV/playing video games and affective problems that was moderated by the number of siblings. Our findings showed that children who could be at high risk in more normal circumstances, such as only children, have been particularly harmed. Therefore, assessing the long-term effects of lockdown-related measures and how these could have been moderated by potential risk/protective factors added significant information to the existing literature.

My Home Quarantine on an App: A Qualitative Visual Analysis of Changes in Family Routines During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Chile.

The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11133-023-09531-z.

Diabetes Technology and the Human Factor.

Diabetes Technology and the Human Factor.

Relative Importance of Well-Being Determinants in Atlantic Canadian Families During the Pandemic.

Framed by the socio-ecological model of well-being, we examined the relative importance of factors contributing to three dimensions of well-being (child, parent, and family) during the COVID-19 pandemic. A sample of 536 participants from the Atlantic provinces of Canada answered a cross-sectional survey in 2021, covering experiences during the pandemic (eg, changes in family life and well-being). Well-being was assessed with 3 single-item measures on positive change in the life of children, parents, and families during the pandemic. This study involved 21 predictor variables (eg, change in time spent on various family activities). Using multiple regression and measures of relative importance based on the Lindeman, Merenda and Gold (lmg) method, we identified the variables most important to predicting well-being. Twenty-one predictors accounted for 21% of the variance in child well-being, 25% in parent well-being, and 36% in family well-being. Well-being at all 3 levels (child, parent, and family) shared the same top predictor (family closeness). The top 6 predictors of well-being at each level were related to leisure (eg, play) and time-use (eg, to prepare meals, engage in self-care, and rest). The effect sizes were smaller for child well-being than at the parent or family level, suggesting there may be important predictors of child well-being not accounted for in these analyses. This study may inform family-level programing and policy that seeks to promote well-being for children and their families.

Things You May Find Hidden in My Ear: Poems from Gaza by Mosab Abu Toha

Reviewed by: Things You May Find Hidden in My Ear: Poems from Gaza by Mosab Abu Toha Richard Woffenden MOSAB ABU TOHA Things You May Find Hidden in My Ear: Poems from Gaza San Francisco. City Lights. 2022. 126 pages WHEN A PERSON chooses to read poetry, it can be for a multitude of reasons, but many of them revolve around a desire to connect with how another human being experiences and understands the world we live in. Across times and places, we want to see how others navigate through love, family life, or historic change. For most people experiencing a relatively peaceful life, making the decision to pick up poetry that has been crafted in a conflict zone is a definite attempt to find out what happens when humans are placed in some of the worst situations possible. With the poets of the twentieth-century world wars, with which so many of us are familiar, these are often accounts of men leaving their ordinary lives to fight in conflicts away from home for a limited number of years. Poems from these periods shape our understanding of the world wars, but what happens if a person has only ever known life in a time of conflict—in fact, what happens if several generations have lived their daily life with violence ever present? This is the world that Mosab Abu Toha brings to English-speaking readers as a poet who was born in Gaza in 1992. On the first reading of Abu Toha's poems, the reader is struck with the accessibility of his poetry. Propelled straight into the violence and loss of the poet's existence, there is no avoiding the horror of what it was like to grow up in a world where life is so precarious: "Images on the world of buildings / a child who was shot by an Israeli sniper / or killed during an air raid en route to school. / Her picture stares at the blackboard / while the air sits in her chair." On one level, Abu Toha is a poet writing for himself as he attempts to comprehend what he is living through, but Abu Toha also writes as much for his audience. Apart from the poet's own love of the English language, the poems are composed in English so that the poet is speaking straight to a Western audience, many of whom understand little of how growing up in Gaza impacts the human residents. Abu Toha's method of communicating this experience is therefore very comprehensible with stark imagery and language. Yet while anyone without a knowledge of the situation in Gaza could pick up the book and successfully find poems that create an emotive bridge into Gaza, this is not to say that there aren't many layers to this poetry. Abu Toha is very conscious of cultural heritage—a fact that is wonderfully discussed in an interview presented at the end of the book. Abu Toha speaks of his love of the British Romantic poets and also how, at school, he was steeped in the greats of Arabic poetry like 'Antarah and Imru' al-Qays. Abu Toha, however, does not seek to emulate the poetics and language of his predecessors but focuses on the sensibility of these poets in how they used words to create emotional responses in their readers. In many poems, Abu Toha creates short, powerful stanzas of various shapes that could work as stand-alone poems, but when read together as a whole, they create powerful statements. In the excellent poem "Notebook," this approach of linking very different stanzas together creates parallels with some twentieth-century Arabic poems, most notably Syrian poet Nizar Qabbani's vital "Footnotes to the Book of the Setback." On other levels, the two poems are very different in tone and language, and this highlights how different the situations are between that of late twentieth-century poets and those of the present day. In modern-day Gaza, Abu Toha writes of how this violence has become the norm rather than the exception for those people who knew a different life. He writes in a way that horrifies that outsider who, despite media coverage, can't...

Mental health of working parents during the COVID-19 pandemic: can resilience buffer the impact of psychosocial work stress on depressive symptoms?

BackgroundThe COVID-19 pandemic has confronted working parents with an accumulation of stressors regarding changes in work, family, and social life, putting their mental health at risk. Stressors include altered working conditions such as working from home or changes in working hours as well as the difficulty to reconcile work and childcare due to the closure of childcare facilities. The present study examined the relationship of psychosocial work stress (i.e., work-privacy conflict and effort-reward imbalance at work) and depressive symptoms in working parents and whether this association was moderated by individual resilience.MethodsData of the present study (n = 452) were collected in Germany between May and June 2020 as part of the DREAMCORONA study. A subsample of working mothers (n = 191) and fathers (n = 261) completed the subscale for work-privacy conflict (WPC) of the Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire, the Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) Questionnaire, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC), and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Multiple linear regression analyses including moderation were performed, controlling for gender, working hours per week, and a lifetime history of depression as potential confounders.ResultsBoth WPC (β = 0.336, p < .001) and ERI (β = 0.254, p < .001) were significantly associated with depressive symptoms. Resilience moderated the relationship between ERI and depressive symptoms (β = − 0.101, p = .018), indicating that higher resilience weakened the relationship. However, this effect was not found regarding the relationship between WPC and depressive symptoms (β = 0.055, p = .167).ConclusionsThe results highlight the need for measures to reduce psychosocial work stressors such as WPC and ERI during the COVID-19 pandemic on the one hand and to promote resilience on the other hand. The findings partially support the potential protective role of resilience buffering the association between psychosocial stress and mental health in working parents. Longitudinal studies are needed to confirm this effect.

Investigation of Reasons for Preferring Small Houses Built in Konya

Today, as a result of the changes in social, cultural and family life with globalization, the demands and needs of people have also changed. Due to reasons such as changes in lifestyle, shrinkage in the family, individualization and single-person living style, residences have been reduced spatially and the production of 'studio flats', the most common types of small residences produced as 1+0, 1+1, 2+1, has increased today. The focus of this study is the suitability of the small housing users produced in Konya to their lifestyles and why they prefer these houses. In the study, it is assumed that there will be differences in small housing type selections and small housing features according to the demographic characteristics of small housing users. Based on this assumption, a questionnaire was applied to 259 small house users in a studio-type house in the Selçuklu district of Konya. As a result of the research, it has been determined that single users mostly prefer 1+1 flat types, while married individuals prefer 2+1 flat types. It has been observed that as the number of households in the residence increases, the demand for 2+1 duplex flats increases. In addition, it has been determined that the users attach importance to the safety in the house according to the location of the house and their gender according to their marital status. It is thought that the results obtained from this study will guide designers and housing manufacturers at the beginning of small housing design by revealing the expectations and preferences, attitudes and behaviors of small housing users.

COHORT DIFFERENCES IN SOCIAL TIES TO FAMILY AND FRIENDS

Abstract Dramatic changes in family life may have altered the structure and quality of social ties to family and friends. However, little is known about whether and how social relationships vary between older adults from different cohorts. Using data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, we compared social network composition and social support between older adults at ages 57 to 67 from the Silent Generation cohort (N=2,316) and the Baby Boom cohort (N=1,500). Compared with the Silent Generation cohort, the Baby Boom cohort had significantly higher odds of not listing any kin in their core discussion network. There were no cohort differences in proportion of friends in the network. The Baby Boom cohort also reported lower levels of family and friend support than their counterparts. Results suggest that the Baby Boom cohort is more socially disconnected from friends and particularly family compared with the Silent Generation cohort.

Shifts in COVID-19 Wards and Emotional Challenges for Nurses: A Qualitative Study

Background: In the context of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, frontline nurses were active in this event and faced numerous challenges. This study aimed to discover the emotional challenges nurses faced on shifts in COVID-19 wards. Methods: In this phenomenological qualitative research, purposive sampling was used to collect the data. A phone interview was conducted with nurses who worked in COVID-19 wards in five Medical Science Universities in Iran in 2020. Then, the recorded interviews were written down. Findings were analyzed using a 6-step thematic analysis guided by Van Manen’s hermeneutic phenomenological approach. The validity and reliability of the study were assessed based on the four criteria proposed by Lincoln and Guba: credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transformability of data. Results: According to analyzed data obtained from interviews with 15 nurses working in the COVID-19 ward, the age average of participants was about 32±5.05. The thematic analysis consisted of four themes, including unpleasant reception (subthemes of limited resources, lack of knowledge, and unpreparedness to deal with the crisis), full involvement and various conflicts (subthemes of extreme fatigue, affected family life, uncontrollable fear, and career change), mental or psychological tortures (subthemes of unexpected incidents, distressing observations, and performance dissatisfaction), and patients’ emotional deprivation (subthemes of disappointment and frustration, communication disorder, and isolation). Conclusion: This study described the experiences of nurses working in COVID-19 wards facing four emotional challenges. It is suggested to provide psychological support for nurses, meet their needs, and boost their morale as effective measures to expand the quality of care and society’s satisfaction with healthcare services.

Association Between Changes in Family Life Due to COVID-19 and Depressive Mood and Stress Perception.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new infectious disease that has had a significant impact on daily life. This study investigated the effect of changes in family life due to COVID-19 on depressive mood and stress perception. We used data from the "Survey on changes in family life due to COVID-19" in Korea. The final study population comprised 1500 adults with children aged ≤19 years. Of the total respondents, 59.3% responded that depressive mood and stress had increased due to COVID-19. However, among them, 46.6% did not attempt to resolve or could not find a way to resolve their depressive mood and stress. In multiple logistic regression analyses, a decrease in household income and increased household expenditure due to COVID-19 were significantly associated with an increased risk of depressive mood and stress perception. Depressive mood and stress were significantly higher in respondents who had experienced family conflicts. These results could be used to assess changes in family life and manage mental health when a new infectious disease occurs. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the long-term effects of changes in family life due to COVID-19 on mental health.