Lifestyle Changes Research Articles

The Impact of Lifestyle Changes on the Physical and Mental Health of Emergency Medicine Staff and Their Association With Well-Being at a Major Tertiary Hospital

The Impact of Lifestyle Changes on the Physical and Mental Health of Emergency Medicine Staff and Their Association With Well-Being at a Major Tertiary Hospital

Relato de Experiência: Implementação de Ações de Educação Alimentar e Nutricional com Estudantes Universitários

The transition to higher education is a phase marked by intense changes in lifestyle, including eating habits. University students' diets are affected by factors such as lack of time, academic pressures, work, and financial issues, often resulting in the choice of quick, ultra-processed foods. Lack of time and stress are aspects that hinder the maintenance of a healthy diet, leading to inadequate eating practices (SANTOS, 2014). Additionally, there is a significant relationship between psychological aspects and eating behavior. Conditions such as anxiety, depression, and eating disorders can directly influence individuals' nutritional status (FRANÇA et al., 2012). Since students face both academic and emotional challenges, the intersection between Nutrition and Psychology becomes an essential tool for promoting healthier eating habits and improving quality of life. This report describes the experience of implementing a Food and Nutrition Education (FNE) program with students from the Psychology course at the University Center of Brasília (UniCEUB), aiming to improve their eating habits and encourage reflection on their food choices. Furthermore, the importance of Health Surveillance in monitoring and promoting food and nutritional security among students will be addressed.

Study protocol for a single-arm pilot trial investigating the feasibility of a multimodal digital technology for managing metabolic syndrome in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Individuals diagnosed with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) are exposed to an increased risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), which negatively affects their health outcomes and quality of life. Lifestyle interventions have shown promise in managing MetS. This study outlines the protocol for a web-based multimodal self-care program, Digital Metabolic Rehabilitation, for managing MetS in patients with COPD. The Digital Metabolic Rehabilitation is a single-arm pilot trial that integrates the Canadian Health Advanced by Nutrition and Graded Exercise (CHANGE) Program and a web-based wellness platform. The web-based wellness platform employed in this study is My Viva Plan (MVP)®, which integrates a holistic, multicomponent approach to promote wellness. The intervention will primarily focus on lifestyle changes for patients with COPD. Over 6 months, participants will use the web-based wellness platform and engage in weekly online support group sessions. Fifty patients diagnosed with stage I-II COPD and MetS will participate. Blood tests, anthropometrics, body composition, physical function, muscle strength, physical activity, energy metabolism, quality of life and mental health will be assessed at baseline, 3, and 6 months. The Digital Metabolic Rehabilitation program aims to explore whether a multimodal integrative intervention delivered through a web-based wellness platform can be implemented by patients with COPD with MetS. By combining the expertise of the CHANGE Program with the digital delivery format, the intervention seeks to enhance self-monitoring and foster better self-management practices. The protocol outlines a novel and potentially impactful intervention for managing MetS in patients with COPD.

Screening of anti-diabetic potential of the siddha formulation sambirani poo kuligai by in-vitro alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay

Background: Noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is a common disease of the endocrine system caused by the decreased secretion of insulin by the pancreatic Langerhans beta cell or by the lowering of insulin resistance due to excessive absorption of glucose. The Siddha system of medicine is a traditional medical system that uses a scientific and holistic approach to provide preventive, promotive, curative, rejuvenative and rehabilitative health care. According to Siddha literature, diabetes is known as Innippu Neer, Madhumegam and Neerizhivu. The various reasons for the cause of this disease are attributed to foodhabits and lifestyle changes and also due to hereditary causes. One of the therapeutic approaches is to decrease the postprandial hyperglycemia by retarding the absorption of glucose through the inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, such as a-amylase and ?-glucosidase. ?-Glucosidase are enzyme that catalyze the absorption of digested glucose from dietary polysaccharides in the small intestine. Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti-diabetic potential of the siddha formulation of Sambirani Poo Kuligai(SPK) by alpha glucosidase enzyme inhibition assay. Method: The spectrophotometric assay method was used to find alpha glucosidase inhibitory activity. Results: SPK showed presence of alpha glucosidase inhibitory potential with the maximum inhibition of about 41.74 ± 3.578 % and the corresponding IC50 is 606.5 ± 49.51?g/ml. Conclusion: This in-vitro study revealed the presence of the alpha glucosidase activity in the siddha formulation Sambirani Poo Kuligai possesses antidiabetic activity

Longitudinal single-subject neuroimaging study reveals effects of daily environmental, physiological, and lifestyle factors on functional brain connectivity.

Our behavior and mental states are constantly shaped by our environment and experiences. However, little is known about the response of brain functional connectivity to environmental, physiological, and behavioral changes on different timescales, from days to months. This gives rise to an urgent need for longitudinal studies that collect high-frequency data. To this end, for a single subject, we collected 133 days of behavioral data with smartphones and wearables and performed 30 functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scans measuring attention, memory, resting state, and the effects of naturalistic stimuli. We find traces of past behavior and physiology in brain connectivity that extend up as far as 15 days. While sleep and physical activity relate to brain connectivity during cognitively demanding tasks, heart rate variability and respiration rate are more relevant for resting-state connectivity and movie-watching. This unique data set is openly accessible, offering an exceptional opportunity for further discoveries. Our results demonstrate that we should not study brain connectivity in isolation, but rather acknowledge its interdependence with the dynamics of the environment, changes in lifestyle, and short-term fluctuations such as transient illnesses or restless sleep. These results reflect a prolonged and sustained relationship between external factors and neural processes. Overall, precision mapping designs such as the one employed here can help to better understand intraindividual variability, which may explain some of the observed heterogeneity in fMRI findings. The integration of brain connectivity, physiology data and environmental cues will propel future environmental neuroscience research and support precision healthcare.

A Behavioral Change-Based Mobile Intervention for Promoting Regular Physical Activity in Medical Rehabilitation Maintenance of Patients With Coronary Artery Disease: Controlled Trial.

Cardiac rehabilitation is known to reduce coronary artery disease (CAD) severity and symptoms, but adoption of a healthy postrehabilitation lifestyle remains challenging. Innovative eHealth solutions could help, but behavioral change-based eHealth maintenance programs for patients with CAD are scarce. RehaPlus+ aims to improve postrehabilitation outcomes with a personalized eHealth intervention built on behavioral change concepts emphasizing healthy lifestyle changes, especially regular physical activity (PA). This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the personalized eHealth program RehaPlus+ for promoting regular PA against usual care. A total of 169 patients with CAD who had undergone stent implantation or bypass surgery were recruited after completing center-based phase II rehabilitation. They were then divided, without blinding, into 2 groups using a quasi-experimental approach: a case manager-assisted 24-week eHealth program (RehaPlus+; n=84) and a conventional physician-assisted outpatient program (usual care; n=85). The study was designed as a noninferiority trial. RehaPlus+ participants received motivational messages twice weekly for 6 months, and the usual care group engaged in a 6-month outpatient program (twenty-four 90-minute strength and endurance training sessions). The primary outcomes, evaluated using the self-assessed Bewegungs- und Sportaktivität questionnaire, were regular PA (≥150 min/wk) and weekly activities of daily living (ADLs) 6 months after rehabilitation. Secondary outcomes involved PA during work and floors climbed weekly (measured by Bewegungs- und Sportaktivität questionnaire), psychological well-being (assessed by the 5-item World Health Organization Well-Being Index), cardiac self-efficacy, health-related quality of life (measured by the 36-Item Short Form Survey), and work ability (using the Work Ability Index). Data of 105 patients (RehaPlus+: n=44, 41.9%; usual care: n=61, 58.1%; male patients: n=80, 76.2%; female patients: n=25, 23.8%; mean age 56.0, SD 7.3 years) were available at the 6-month follow-up. At 6 months after discharge from phase II cardiac rehabilitation, the RehaPlus+ group exhibited 182 (SD 208) minutes per week of PA and the usual care group exhibited 119 (SD 175) minutes per week of PA (P=.15), with no interaction effect (P=.12). The RehaPlus+ group showed an ADL level of 443 (SD 538) minutes per week compared to the usual care group with 308 (SD 412) minutes per week at the 6-month follow-up, with no interaction effect (P=.84). The differences observed in PA and ADL levels between the RehaPlus+ and usual care groups were within the predefined 1-sided noninferiority margin, indicating that the RehaPlus+ intervention is not inferior to usual care based on these outcomes. There were no differences between the groups for all secondary outcomes (P>.05). RehaPlus+ is not inferior to the usual care program, as both groups improved PA and ADLs to a similar extent. These findings emphasize the potential of eHealth interventions to assist in maintaining healthy lifestyles after rehabilitation. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT06162793; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT06162793.

Decoding the Knacks of Ellagitannin Lead Compounds to Treat Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease using Computer-aided Drug Designing.

The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasing globally, impacting individuals in Western nations and rapid growing in Asian countries due to sedentary lifestyles; thus, NAFLD has emerged as a significant worldwide health concern. Presently, lifestyle changes represent the primary approach to managing NAFLD. This research aimed to identify the potential drug targets for treating NAFLD through comprehensive in silico computational analysis. These include the prediction of the three-dimensional structure of the protein, the prediction of inhibitors by PubChem and ZINC, molecular docking by Autodcok, pharmacophore modeling, molecular dynamics simulation by the OPLS_2005 force field, and the orthorhombic box solvent model Intermolecular Interaction Potential 3 Points Transferable to the selected compound. The toxicity of the lead compounds was analyzed through AdmetSAR software. The protein associated with the PNPLA3 gene, whose overall three-dimensional structure was 95% accurate, were retrieved following inhibitor selection via PubChem and ZINC. Among the selected inhibitors and docked compounds with ID 10033935 (ellagitannin) showed a minimum E-Score of -17.266. In docking and pharmacophore modeling the compound ellagitannin shows promise as a potential drug candidate. Moreover, the molecular dynamics and structural stability of the protein-ligand complex were evaluated with several metrics such as as root mean square fluctuation and root mean square deviation and resulted in the stability not only of PNPLA3-10033935 (ellagitannin) but also of compound PNPLA3-71448940 and PNPLA3-5748394 complexed proteins at 400 ns with very slight variation. Overall, ellagitannin was identified as the best druggable target with the best therapeutics profile. The findings of our study can pave the way for the development of a new drug against NALFD.

The Relationship Between Metabolic Syndrome with Physical Activity and Eating Habits: The Result of the Tabari Cohort Study

Background: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a group of metabolic issues that increase the risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease. Objectives: To reduce deaths from type 2 diabetes and heart disease, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between metabolic syndrome, physical activity, and eating habits in participants of the Tabari cohort study. Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study, data from the Tabari cohort in an urban and mountain area in Sari, Mazandaran, was utilized from June 2015 to November 2017. Background information of participants was documented, and their eating habits were assessed using a food habit questionnaire. Additionally, the physical activity levels of the participants were recorded. All individuals were assessed for metabolic syndrome according to the third Adult Treatment Panel (ATP III) guidelines. The gathered data was then inputted into SPSS V.23 software for analysis. Qualitative variables, such as demographic and epidemiological data, were compared between the two groups using the chi-square test, while quantitative variables were compared using an independent t-test. Results: A total of 10,255 adults between the ages of 35 and 70 participated in this study, and after applying entry and exit criteria, 9,976 people, including 4,083 with metabolic syndrome and 5,893 healthy individuals, were included in the final analysis. There was no significant difference in the average Body Mass Index (BMI) between individuals with metabolic syndrome (30.6 ± 4.5 kg/m²) and healthy individuals (26.8 ± 4.4 kg/m²). However, individuals with metabolic syndrome exhibited significantly higher values for height, weight, waist circumference, abdominal circumference, and wrist circumference compared to the control group (P = 0.001). The average Metabolic Equivalent of Task (MET) for the entire population was 43.03 ± 9.27, with a median of 40.68 (range: Twenty-four-one hundred three) hours/day. A greater percentage of individuals with metabolic syndrome (57.0%) and healthy individuals (45.2%) had MET values below the average (P = 0.001). Regarding energy intake, individuals with metabolic syndrome consumed an average of 2189.74 ± 721.90 calories, while healthy individuals consumed 2354.92 ± 4.04 calories, showing a significant difference (P = 0.006). Moreover, healthy individuals demonstrated significantly higher consumption of added salt in food, fried foods, fried potatoes, fried onions, fried vegetables, and various types of cooking oils compared to those with metabolic syndrome (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Based on the results of the Tabari cohort study, the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in Mazandaran was 41.10%, highlighting the need for prevention and screening programs. In this study, individuals with metabolic syndrome consumed fewer fried foods, trans fats, and daily calories compared to the healthy group. Considering that this study is cross-sectional and utilized data from the Tabari cohort, it is assumed that the difference is due to dietary compliance and lifestyle changes in patients with metabolic syndrome. It is recommended that prospective studies be designed to evaluate the causes of differences in metabolic syndrome components between the two groups.

Juvenile Myopia: The Silent Vision Understanding, Preventing, and Managing Childhood Myopia

Juvenile myopia, a significant visual impairment characterized by blurred distance vision, is increasingly prevalent among Indian children. This review explores the multifactorial etiology of myopia, including genetic predisposition, environmental influences, and lifestyle factors such as prolonged near work and limited outdoor activities. The pathophysiology involves abnormal eye elongation driven by genetic and environmental factors, leading to refractive errors. Clinical manifestations include blurry distance vision, squinting, eye strain, and headaches, impacting academic performance and quality of life. Emphasis on early detection, parental awareness, and adherence to treatment protocols is crucial in controlling myopia progression and preventing long-term complications such as retinal detachment, myopic maculopathy, and glaucoma. This review underscores the need for comprehensive public health strategies to address the growing burden of juvenile myopia in India. Juvenile myopia is rapidly becoming a significant public health concern in India, with increasing prevalence driven by lifestyle changes, urbanization, and academic pressures. This systematic review aims to examine the prevalence, risk factors, and interventions for childhood myopia, with a focus on understanding the silent nature of this condition, identifying early prevention strategies, and outlining management techniques to curb its progression.

Lifestyle, meal times, and sleep patterns changes in higher education professors during COVID-19: Association with non-communicable chronic diseases.

In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, educational institutions had to swiftly adapt and transition to remote teaching in order to maintain academic activities. However, these changes presented a number of challenges for professors, which could have negative effects on their health. To analyze the association between changes in dietary and sleep habits, physical activity level, and sedentary behavior with the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) among Brazilian higher education professors during the pandemic period. This is a cross-sectional and retrospective study conducted using an online form. Generalized linear models, adjusted for age, sex, and body mass index, were used to verify the difference between pre-pandemic and pandemic periods. Logistic regression models were used to predict the odds ratio (OR) for the development of NCDs according to physical activity time, sedentary behavior time, dietary and sleep patterns. A total of 936 professors residing across Brazil participated in the survey. The duration of sedentary behavior increased, sleep duration slightly decreased, and meal times shifted to earlier during the pandemic. A total of 22.9%of the participants reported the diagnosis of some NCDs during this period. Physical activity practice was associated with a lower risk of diseases during the pandemic, regardless of the intensity performed. On the other hand, late eating habits and excessive food consumption during the pandemic were associated with a higher risk. The results provide data that can help in the development of public policies that promote health actions to minimize the consequences associated with the pandemic period.

7866 Efficacy of Zinc and Myoinositol Supplementation on Metabolic Parameters In A Pediatric Population With Obesity: a Randomized Controlled Trial

Abstract Disclosure: V. Antoniotti: None. V. Mancioppi: None. A. Solito: None. C. Partenope: None. A. Petri: None. I. Rabbone: None. L. Scotti: None. F. Prodam: None. Background: In the last decades, pediatric obesity and cardiovascular-associated risks have been relevant challenges. The first treatment against obesity is a lifestyle change, nevertheless, no intervention seems to be effective in the evolution of the condition, especially in the long term. Thus, the interest in non-pharmaceutical as well as pharmaceutical compounds is growing. Inositol compounds have recently been studied in adults with obesity and insulin resistance but have never been investigated in the pediatric age where insulin resistance is a specific trait of puberty. Furthermore, zinc is critical for insulin secretion and growth. Methods. This is a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study aiming to explore the efficacy of 3 months of combined administration of Zinc (5 mg/die) and Myo-inositol (2000 mg/die) in children and adolescents with obesity. 56 patients aged 10- 17.9 years (starting from Tanner 3) with obesity and insulin resistance have been enrolled. The treatment group received 5 mg of Zinc, 2000 mg of Myo-inositol, and 1000 mg of galactooligosaccharides from Pisum sativum, while the placebo group only received 1000 mg of galactooligosaccharides from Pisum sativum. All patients were subjected to an isocaloric diet following the Mediterranean diet style consisting of 55% carbohydrates, 30-35% fat, and 15% protein. Clinical and biochemical evaluations were carried out for the determination of weight, lipid profile, liver function, and glucose-insulin metabolism. Results. At the end of the study, BMI, fasting insulin, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were significantly improved in both groups, while the treatment group also had an increase in HDL cholesterol (p=0.0426). On the other hand, the placebo group significantly improved its eating habits showing greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet than the treatment group. Moreover, subjects were divided according to the degree of obesity. Fasting insulin (p= 0.0137), HOMA-IR (p= 0.0273), and systolic blood pressure (p= 0.0349) showed a significant improvement in treated patients with severe obesity compared to treated patients with low-grade obesity. Thus, subjects with a higher level of obesity respond better to both treatment and lifestyle change than those with a lower grade of obesity. Also, the improvement of the lifestyle and the presence of fiber allow an increase in the metabolic framework in placebo subjects. Conclusions. Supplementation with Zinc and Myo-inositol could be used as a non-pharmacological compound for the control of complications related to obesity also in the pediatric age. Presentation: 6/1/2024

8570 Association Between Preconception Lifestyle and Anthropometric Modifications and Fertility outcomes in Women with Infertility and Obesity

Abstract Disclosure: A. Thibodeau: None. C. Richer dit Laflèche: None. G. Ngueta: None. M. Belan: None. F. Jean-Denis: None. M. Langlois: None. M. Pesant: None. B. Carranza Mamane: None. J. Baillargeon: Grant Recipient; Self; Ferring Pharmaceuticals. Introduction: Infertility is a common problem that is affected by many lifestyle behaviors, and preconception lifestyle modifications are recommended in women with infertility and obesity. This study thus aims to explore whether preconception lifestyle or anthropometric changes are associated with a viable pregnancy or a live birth in this population. Methods: This prospective cohort study, nested within a randomized controlled trial that recruited 127 women with infertility and obesity at an academic fertility clinic, reports on 70 women who had at least one research visit during their follow-up until the onset of pregnancy or a maximum of 18 months. Lifestyles were assessed using a questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between changes in lifestyle or anthropometry and the occurrence of a viable pregnancy or live birth. Changes were defined by the incremental area under the curve (divided by follow-up time; iAUC) and the difference between baseline and the minimum or maximum measure achieved during follow-up. Regressions were corrected for baseline measures of the age of both partners, waist circumference, multiparity, socioeconomic status and multivitamin use. Results: The odds of a pregnancy and live birth were higher among women who had a greater minimum change (improvement) in their weekly consumption of fruits (p=.028/.014) or dairy products (p=.005/.003), in their reduction of tobacco use (p=.038/NS), in their sleep duration (p=.044/NS), or in their loss of weight, waist circumference or fat mass (p=.007/.007; .006/.006; .045/.019). Unexpectedly, a higher maximum change in energy expenditure was associated with lower odds of pregnancy (p=.013). Multivariate analyses showed that a higher minimum change in fruit consumption (p=.008), in tobacco use reduction (p=.033), and waist circumference loss (p=.002), and a lower maximum change in energy expenditure (p=.008) were all independently associated with the occurrence of pregnancy, after adjustment for the abovementioned potential confounders. For live birth, a higher minimum change in dairy products consumption (p=.012), in tobacco use reduction (p=.017), and in weight loss (p=.003) were all independently associated with a live birth. Conclusion: Our exploratory analyses are among the first to show that preconception lifestyle improvements are associated with the occurrence of a viable pregnancy and live birth in women with infertility and obesity, particularly higher minimal and sustained changes in fruit and dairy product intake and tobacco reduction. Higher minimal and sustained weight or waist circumference losses also contributed to improve their fertility, as expected. However, the negative association between higher energy expenditure and pregnancy was unexpected and requires further evaluation. Presentation: 6/1/2024

GLP-1 receptor agonists are a transformative prehabilitation tool for weight loss in obese patients undergoing elective hernia repair.

Obesity is an independent risk factor for complications after abdominal hernia repair. Glucagon-like-peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are gaining popularity as pharmacologic weight loss adjuncts and may help patients reach weight loss goals for surgery. We examine our early experience utilizing GLP-1 agonists versus lifestyle modifications alone to achieve weight loss in patients before elective hernia repair. This single-center, retrospective review identified obese patients who underwent elective hernia repair from 2014 to 2023. Patients were asked to achieve a BMI ≤ 33kg/m2 before surgery. Patients who lost weight with GLP-1 therapy in addition to lifestyle changes were compared to a control cohort that achieved similar preoperative weight loss without GLP-1 therapy. Primary outcome was mean time from GLP-1 agonist initiation and initial surgery clinic visit to surgery. Secondary outcomes were 30-day morbidity, mortality, and reoperation rates, and hernia recurrence. Forty-six patients with ventral/incisional, flank, umbilical, parastomal, inguinal, and hiatal hernias were identified (GLP-1 N = 24, control N = 22). 81.8% (N = 18) of controls had a ventral/incisional hernia, compared to 45.8% (N = 11) of GLP-1 patients (p = 0.03). Mean BMI at GLP-1 agonist initiation was similar to mean BMI at initial clinic visit for controls (38.1 ± 4.9 vs 38.2 ± 2.7kg/m2, p = 0.66). Preoperative mean percentage total weight loss (14.9 ± 7.5 vs 12.4 ± 6.9kg, p = 0.39) and mean BMI reduction (6.0 ± 3.8 vs 4.9 ± 2.3kg/m2, p = 0.43) were similar between groups. The mean time from GLP-1 agonist initiation to surgery was significantly shorter than initial clinic visit to surgery for controls (6.3 ± 4.0 vs 14.7 ± 17.6months, p = 0.03). There was no statistically significant difference in time from initial clinic visit to surgery between groups (7.6 ± 4.4 vs 14.7 ± 17.6months, p = 0.06). There was no significant difference in 30-day morbidity between groups (8.3 vs 27.3%, p = 0.13). GLP-1 agonists accelerate preoperative weight loss for obese hernia patients without negatively impacting postoperative outcomes.

Prevention of Myopia Development in Children and Adolescents and Precautions

Myopia has increased epidemically in recent years and has become a global epidemic with significant public health implications. Identifying children at risk of developing myopia and implementing strategies to prevent or delay the onset of myopia can significantly reduce the burden of myopia on the individual and society. The strong causal role of education and time spent outdoors on myopia development suggests that lifestyle changes can be applied as preventive measures to children at risk, significantly impacting the myopia epidemic by preventing myopia onset and associated ocular pathologies.

12424 A Feasibility Trial Of A Co-created Digital Self-management Programme For Adults With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Hope PCOS)

Abstract Disclosure: C.A. Percy: None. A. Turner: None. L. Aphramor: None. D. Broom: None. C. Clark: None. F. Martin: None. P. Wark: None. Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) has significant impact on depression, anxiety, psychological wellbeing and health-related quality of life. We co-created a theory-led, evidence-based, 6-week, digital self-management and positive wellbeing intervention (Hope PCOS), delivered to UK adults. We tested the intervention’s potential to improve mental health and wellbeing outcomes and its acceptability and usability for adults living with PCOS. Methods: This was a mixed methods feasibility randomised controlled trial conducted online, with a pre-post, waitlist-controlled design. Primary outcomes were recruitment, completion (≥ 3 intervention sessions) and follow-up rates. At baseline, participants reported demographic information, PCOS symptoms, depression (Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9)), anxiety ((Generalised Anxiety Disorder Assessment (GAD-7)), polycystic ovary syndrome health-related quality of life (PCOSQ-50), psychological wellbeing (Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, WEMWBS) and self-efficacy (Self-Efficacy to Manage Chronic Disease Scale (SEMCD6)) before randomisation to an intervention group (IG) receiving the intervention immediately or a waitlist control group (CG) receiving the intervention 12 weeks later. PHQ-9, GAD-7, PCOSQ-50, WEMWBS and SEMDC6 were reassessed at 6 and 12 weeks. IG participants reported the usability of the digital intervention (system usability scale (SUS)) and acceptability via qualitative exit interviews. Results: Of 131 eligible, consented participants, 83% (N=109, age M=37.1, SD=8.6 years) completed baseline measures and were randomised to the IG (n=54) or the CG (n=55). Baseline clinical caseness was high for depression (n=77, 70.6%) and anxiety (n=78, 71.6 %). Twenty-one participants (39%) in the IG completed ≥3 intervention sessions. At 6-week follow-up, completion of secondary outcomes was n=32 (59%) for IG and n= 38 (69%) for CG; at 12 weeks, n=31 (57%) for IG and n= 38 (69%) for CG. Twelve IG participants took part in the exit interviews. Exploratory descriptive statistics suggest there were greater improvements in depression, anxiety, psychological wellbeing, self-efficacy and quality of life for the intervention group completers compared to the waitlist control group. SUS data and thematic analysis suggest the intervention was usable, acceptable, relevant and interesting. Participants reported experiences including feeling seen and valued, having the difficulties of lifestyle change acknowledged, and learning valuable lessons, particularly how to monitor and manage emotions, prioritise self-care and complete personal goals. Conclusions: This novel intervention was rated as usable and acceptable, with potential for improving mental health and wellbeing outcomes. More research is needed to identify for whom the intervention is beneficial and on implementation in practice. Presentation: 6/1/2024

The Relationship between Consumption Patterns of Macronutrients, Fiber, and Physical Activity with the Incidence of Obesity at Nuris Jember High School

Obesity is one of the global health problems whose incidence is expected to continue to increase every year. Obesity in adolescents is caused by many factors including changes in lifestyle, physical activity, diet with food intake that exceeds the body's needs, improper eating behavior by consuming more fast food, packaged food, and food with unbalanced nutrients. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between macronutrient diet, fiber, and physical activity with the incidence of obesity at Nuris Jember High School. This method is an observational study with a case-control design. Sample selection using purpose sampling of as many as 81 respondents consisting of 27 cases and 54 controls. The research instruments used were weight measurement, height, SQ-FFQ form, and PAL. Data were processed using statistical applications using the chi-square test and if not eligible, the Fisher's exact test was performed with a significant value of p less than 0.005. The results of macronutrient consumption patterns and physical activity have a significant relationship with the incidence of obesity (p less than 0.005). While the study could not analyze fiber consumption patterns due to homogeneous results, the existing findings provide a solid foundation for targeted nutrition education programs and public health strategies. This study concludes that there is a relationship between macronutrient consumption patterns and physical activity with the incidence of obesity. This conclusion underscores the importance of balanced diets and regular physical activity in preventing and managing obesity among adolescents.

Prevalence of Hypertension in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in the Working Area of Jatibaru Community Health Center in 2023

The World Health Organization (WHO) predicts an increase in the number of diabetes mellitus sufferers in Indonesia from 8.4 million people in 2000 to around 21.3 million people in 2030. The prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age and changes in unhealthy lifestyles. Several studies show that the incidence of hyperglycemia in diabetes is closely related to hypertension. According to the American Diabetes Association (ADA) 2017, two out of three people with diabetes have high blood pressure. At the Jatibaru Community Health Center, based on 2023 data, it is known that hypertension and diabetes are always included in the data on the 10 most common diseases every month. Based on this background and related to the incidence of Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus is still relatively high, so researchers are interested to knowing the picture hypertension in type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Jatibaru. This research is a descriptive study with a cross-sectional approach using secondary data taken from Non-Communicable Disease data. The population in this study were all adult and elderly respondents registered in the non-communicable disease program register, who based on anamnesis, physical and laboratory examination, were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. The sample was taken by purposive sampling. In this research, it was found that people with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were found in all adult and elderly age categories. The distribution of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients continues to increase with increasing age, the prevalence of sufferers being more female than male. As many as 65% of the total type 2 diabetes mellitus sufferers also experience hypertension.

Correlation Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine Constitution and Metabolic Indexes in General Physical Examination People.

Analysis of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) constitution type general medical patients and the relationship between the metabolic index. A cohort of 1,029 general individuals who underwent a physical examination at the Affiliated Hospital of Changchun University of Chinese Medicine for identification of their TCM constitution between January 2021 and April 2023 were included in this study. Their data were sorted and analyzed using Microsoft Excel and SPSS26.0 statistical software. Among the 1029 study participants, the balanced constitution (BC) type was the most prevalent (33.24%), and the blood stasis constitution (BSC) type was the least prevalent (2.62%). Compared with BC, phlegm-dampness constitution (PDC) (P=0.000), yang-deficiency constitution (YADC) (P=0.000) and BSC (P=0.008) had significant differences in body mass index (BMI) (P<α). The systolic blood pressure (SBP) of PDC was different (P=0.042, P<α). There was a significant difference in diastolic blood pressure (P=0.001, P<α). The diastolic blood pressure (DBP) of YADC was significantly different (P=0.001, P<α). Yin-deficiency constitution (YIDC) (P = 0.007) and YADC differences between fasting blood glucose (FBG) (P = 0.025) were significantly (P<α). There were significant differences in uric acid (UA) of YADC (P=0.000), BSC (P=0.004), PDC (P=0.007) and qi-stagnation constitution (QSC) (P=0.012, P<α). The triglyceride (TG) of YADC (P=0.000) and PDC (P=0.005) were significantly different (P<α). There was a difference in total cholesterol (TC) between PDC (P=0.046) and BC (P<α). BSC (P = 0.028) and PDC (P = 0.023) of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) also had a significant difference (P<α). People with PDC, YADC and BSC had more abnormal metabolic indexes than people with BC, and the metabolic indexes of people with YIDC constitution were different from those with BC. Individuals with these four TCM constitution types should pay attention to making appropriate changes in lifestyles and dietary habits and take required measures to prevent the incidence and development of metabolic diseases.

Physical Activity before and After Bariatric Surgery.

Lifestyle changes including reduced calorie intake and increased physical activity (PA) improve the prognosis associated with bariatric surgery (BS) and metabolic indices. Early implementation of exercise leads to improved physical performance, better glycemic control and lipid profile, reduces the risks associated with anesthesia, and accelerates recovery from surgery. Undertaking systematic exercise after BS is associated with a better quality of life, improves insulin sensitivity, results in additional weight loss, reduces adverse effects on bone mass, and results in better body composition. The aim of this review was to summarize recommendations for physical activity in patients undergoing BS and to highlight the key role of physical activity in this patient group.

Unhealthy Eating Habits and Determinants of Diet Quality in Primary Healthcare Professionals in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Study

Background/Objectives: The aim of this work was to understand the factors influencing the prevalence of dietary behaviors, as well as determinants of unhealthy eating and diet quality among primary care physicians and nurses in Poland. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 161 doctors and 331 nurses was conducted in the years 2020–2022 in primary healthcare settings. Results: Unhealthy eating habits affected GPs aged 40–54 years (42.9%), females (64.3%), those of normal body weight (67.9%), representing private medical practice (67.9%), who had over 20 years of work experience (42.8%). Similarly, among the group of nurses, unhealthy eating habits were reported in subjects aged 40–54 (46.5%), individuals with normal body weights (49.5%), those with one chronic disease (38.4%), representing public medical practice (63.6%), with over 20 years of work experience (40.4%), seeing ≤100 patients during the work week (84.8%). The univariable logistic regression analyses for unhealthy dietary habits showed that overweight GPs had lower odds of unhealthy eating habits (OR = 0.35; 95% CI: 0.11–1.08; p &lt; 0.05). Among the nurses, the odds of unhealthy eating habits increased with the number of years of work. Nurses with 10–20 years of work experience had 1.23 times greater odds of unhealthy eating habits, while people working for more than 20 years had 1.81 times greater odds of unhealthy eating habits than individuals working for a period shorter than ten years (OR = 1.23; 95% CI: 0.68–2.23; p &gt; 0.05 vs. OR = 1.81; 95% CI: p &lt; 0.05). The multivariable logistic regression analysis did not show statistically significant results. Conclusions: These issues should be addressed when planning educational activities aimed at supporting healthcare professionals in implementing lifestyle changes.