Total Energy Change Research Articles

Clarifying the quantum mechanical origin of the covalent chemical bond

Lowering of the electron kinetic energy (KE) upon initial encounter of radical fragments has long been cited as the primary origin of the covalent chemical bond based on Ruedenberg’s pioneering analysis of H{}_{2}^{+} and H2 and presumed generalization to other bonds. This work reports KE changes during the initial encounter corresponding to bond formation for a range of different bonds; the results demand a re-evaluation of the role of the KE. Bonds between heavier elements, such as H3C–CH3, F–F, H3C–OH, H3C–SiH3, and F–SiF3 behave in the opposite way to H{}_{2}^{+} and H2, with KE often increasing on bringing radical fragments together (though the total energy change is substantially stabilizing). The origin of this difference is Pauli repulsion between the electrons forming the bond and core electrons. These results highlight the fundamental role of constructive quantum interference (or resonance) as the origin of chemical bonding. Differences between the interfering states distinguish one type of bond from another.

Mechanisms of yttrium on the wettability, surface tension and interactions between Ni-20Co-20Cr-10Al-ξY alloys and MgO ceramics

The mechanisms of Y on the wettability, surface tension, and interactions between the Ni-20Co-20Cr-10Al-ξY alloys and MgO ceramics at 1873 K were investigated by sessile drop experiments. The results of nonlinear fitting showed that the equilibrium contact angles and Y concentrations were approximately in accord with the log-normal distribution law. The equilibrium contact angles changed from 101.5° to 140.5° with Y increasing from 0 wt.% to 1.23 wt.%. Cross-sectional microstructure observations revealed that the thermal dissociation of ceramics occurred and the released [O] atoms can react with Y to produce Y2O3 reaction layer along three-phase interphase area. Wetting kinetics analyses indicated that surface tension of the melt droplets had been positively correlated with the Y concentrations, and it increased from 737.8–1045.1 mN/m. Meanwhile, the pinning effect of the rough substrate surface on the three-phase line hindered the spreading of the liquid on ceramics. The change in total free energy of the alloys/ceramics system was considered as the key factor affecting the wettability. Moreover, the surface morphology and thermodynamic stability of ceramics also had some influence on the wettability.

Riders Use Their Body Mass to Amplify Crank Power during Nonseated Ergometer Cycling

To date, neither the CoM movement strategies during nonseated cycling nor the limb mechanics that allow this phenomenon to occur have been quantified. Here we estimate how much power can be contributed by a rider's CoM at each instant during the crank cycle by combining a kinematic and kinetic approach to measure CoM movement and joint powers of 15 participants riding in a nonseated posture at three individualized power outputs (10%, 30%, and 50% of peak maximal power) and two different cadences (70 and 120 rpm). The peak-to-peak amplitude of vertical CoM displacement increased significantly with power output and with decreasing cadence. Accordingly, the greatest peak-to-peak amplitude of CoM displacement (0.06 ± 0.01 m) and change in total mechanical energy (0.54 ± 0.12 J·kg) occurred under the combination of high-power output and low cadence. At the same combination of high-power output and low cadence, we found that the peak rate of CoM energy loss (3.87 ± 0.93 W·kg) was equal to 18% of the peak crank power. Consequently, it appears that for a given power output, changes in CoM energy contribute to peak instantaneous power output at the crank, thus reducing the required muscular contribution. These findings suggest that the rise and fall of a rider's CoM acts as a mechanical amplifier during nonseated cycling, which has important implications for both rider and bicycle performance.

Stressing crystals with solutes: Effects of added solutes on crystalline caffeine and their relevance to determining transfer free energies

In calculating transfer free energies of solvated substances, the coexisting crystal state is often taken as the reference. Furthermore, the free energy of this reference state is often assumed to remain constant upon changes made in solution. Yet little is known about the way added cosolutes impact the thermodynamic stability of the out-of-solution crystal phase. To provide insight into the changes in the activity of the coexisting solid state, we used caffeine, a well-studied hydrophobic compound that forms a hydrated crystal in saturated aqueous solutions. By using X-ray powder diffraction, we found that cosolutes, such as trehalose, sucrose, sodium sulfate, and polyethylene glycol (PEG) alter the unit cell volume of crystalline caffeine, in a concentration dependent manner. The dehydration of solid caffeine translates into an overall increase in its free energy, which can be directly calculated as the reversible ΠV work required to compress the crystal. We determined that trehalose, sucrose, and sodium sulfate increase the free energy of the solid, while PEG decreases it. For 2 mol/kg trehalose, this change in free energy corresponds to 17 % of the total change in solvation free energy of monomeric caffeine. Although our results indicate that cosolutes modify the free energy of the solid less than that of the solvated state, this effect is non negligible and measurable, suggesting that it should generally be taken into account as a contribution to changes in solubility, particularly whenever the solid phase is hydrated.

Fast electrostatic solvers for kinetic Monte Carlo simulations

Kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) is an important computational tool in theoretical physics and chemistry. In contrast to standard Monte Carlo, KMC permits the description of time dependent dynamical processes and is not restricted to systems in equilibrium. Compared to Molecular Dynamics, it allows simulations over significantly longer timescales. Recently KMC has been applied successfully in modelling of novel energy materials such as Lithium-ion batteries and organic/perovskite solar cells. Motivated by this, we consider general solid state systems which contain free, interacting particles which can hop between localised sites in the material. The KMC transition rates for those hops depend on the change in total potential energy of the system. For charged particles this requires the frequent calculation of electrostatic interactions, which is usually the bottleneck of the simulation. To avoid this issue and obtain results in reasonable times, many studies replace the long-range potential by a phenomenological short range approximation. This, however, leads to systematic errors and unphysical results. On the other hand standard electrostatic solvers such as Ewald summation or fast Poisson solvers are highly inefficient in the KMC setup or introduce uncontrollable systematic errors at high resolution.In this paper we describe how the Fast Multipole Method by Greengard and Rokhlin can be adapted to overcome this issue by dramatically reducing computational costs. We exploit the fact that each update in the transition rate calculation corresponds to a single particle move and changes the configuration only by a small amount. This allows us to construct an algorithm which scales linearly in the number of charges for each KMC step, something which had not been deemed to be possible before.We demonstrate the performance and parallel scalability of the method by implementing it in a performance portable software library, which was recently developed in our group. We describe the high-level Python interface of the code which makes it easy to adapt to specific use cases.

Damage Detection Method of Ancient Timber Structure Based on BP Neural Network and Total Wavelet Energy Rate

In order to detect the damage of beams and mortise joints of ancient buildings under environmental excitation, a damage identification method combining wavelet transform with improved BP neural network is proposed. The acceleration signal of the structure under the environment excitation is extracted and the total energy change rate of wavelet is obtained by wavelet discrete reconstruction, which is taken as the damage index. A finite element model of a timber frame of Xi’an bell tower is established to verify the proposed method. When the damage extent is less than 50%, 96% of the test samples in the neural network output the desired value; This method provides a theoretical basis for the study of damage prediction of timber structures in ancient buildings under environmental incentives.

Topological properties after light ion irradiation on Weyl semimetal niobium phosphide from first principles

A member of the nonmagnetic Weyl semimetal family, niobium phosphide (NbP), is a new low-energy dissipative material due to the properties of its nontrivial energy band structure and topologically protected nodes. This paper mainly focus on the changes of the topological properties of the crystal NbP after H and He ions irradiation, a novel research view. In order to demonstrate the formation process of doping defects, we use TD-DFT to simulate the whole path of H ion passing the bulk NbP, while both the total energy change for system and the radial drag force as a function of the projectile position are investigated. The energy band structures and density of states for the equilibrium point defect have been analyzed by means of the DFT method based on the CASTEP package. A strikingly phenomenon discovered is that diverse kinds of defects are able to modify the symmetrically protected Weyl points to some extent. Specifically, when H or He as an interstitial particle in the crystal NbP, the degenerate bands are uncoupled; meanwhile, the Fermi levels are shifted upward 0.12 eV and 0.18 eV, respectively. In contrast to the defect structures formed by P, the defects caused by Nb present the greater destructive power to the Weyl points. By contrast, the calculations of formation energy have demonstrated that H substitute for Nb is the most easily formed defect structure, and the defect with interstitial H atom is most stable structure within the scope of this research.

A split-combination method for estimating the thermodynamic properties (Gfo and Hfo) of multicomponent minerals

To resolve the lack of Gibbs free energy and enthalpy thermodynamic data for multicomponent minerals, the concepts of cage and cage effect along with a split-combination estimation method are proposed in this paper. A ternary or greater complex oxide is completely split into free simple oxides, and then the oxides are combined stepwise by preliminary combination and advanced combination according to the principle of maximum energy change. A major cage forms in the preliminary combination, and the complex oxide reforms in advanced combinations by shared cage combination and/or invaded cage combination. Based on only the relative data of simple and binary oxides, the energy change in advanced combination can be estimated through cage effects, and the total energy change from simple oxides to the complex oxide can thus be obtained as the total of the energy changes for all of the individual steps. Compared with the thermodynamic data available for 60 minerals reported in references, the average relative errors of the estimated values are 0.33% and 0.39% for Gfo and Hfo, respectively. Therefore, the split-combination method seems to give reliable results for most cases, and it might be used to predict the standard Gibbs free energy and enthalpy of multicomponent minerals when those are unavailable.

Kinetics of healing of asphalt mixtures

Abstract Promotion of healing of asphalt mixtures is significant to enhance the resiliency and extend the service life of asphalt pavements. Extensive laboratory measurements of effects of healing and field observations have proven its impact. Many approaches have been developed to explain and model healing of asphalt mixtures based on its mechanisms and/or mechanical features. However, due to the complexity caused by the co-existence of several coordinated rate processes during healing, there are still unclear aspects in terms of mechanisms and appropriate representation of each rate process. Target this issue, this study proposes to investigate healing of asphalt mixtures using kinetic and thermodynamic quantities and formulations, aiming at clarifying the relationships among the coordinated processes involved in healing and developing an approach to predict the rate of each process. Healing is found to contain two coordinated rate processes: free energy change and bond restoration. Healing rate is proportional to the rates of these two processes, and the healing activation energy is the product of the activation energy of the free energy change and that of the bond restoration. In order to calculate each activation energy and rate constant, the recoverable strain energy (RSE) and recoverable pseudo strain energy (RPSE) measured in the rest time of a creep and step-loading recovery (CSR) test are used. The RPSE in the intact material and the surface energy constitute the total free energy change for healing. A three-parameter model is proposed to simulate a rate process like the change of the RSE or free energy change with time, and a dimensionless logarithmic rate is defined to obtain a representative change rate. This representative rate is ideal to be used as the rate constant in the Arrhenius equation to compute the activation energy. The activation energies for viscoelastic recovery, healing, free energy change, and bond restoration are determined for two types of asphalt mixtures at unaged and aged states. The relations between different activation energies are clarified so as the relationships among different rate processes. Furthermore, the healing activation energy obtained from this kinetic approach is proven to be the same as that calculated using the damage density from a mechanistic approach. A method to generate a damage density-based healing curve at any rest time at any temperature using just energy measurements is proposed in this study.

Ground state chemistry under vibrational strong coupling: dependence of thermodynamic parameters on the Rabi splitting energy

Abstract Vibrational strong coupling (VSC) is currently emerging as a tool to control chemical dynamics. Here we study the impact of strong coupling strength, given by the Rabi splitting energy (ħΩR), on the thermodynamic parameters associated with the transition state of the desilylation reaction of the model molecule 1-phenyl-2-trimethylsilylacetylene. Under VSC, the enthalpy and entropy of activation determined from the temperature-dependent kinetic studies varied nonlinearly with the coupling strength. The thermodynamic parameters of the noncavity reaction did not show noticeable variation, ruling out concentration effects other than the enhanced ħΩR for the changes observed under VSC. The difference between the total free energy change under VSC and in noncavity was relatively smaller possibly because the enthalpy and entropy of activation compensate each other. This thermodynamic study gives more insight into the role of collective strong coupling on the transition state that leads to modified dynamics and branching ratios.

Magnetic Integration Into a Silicon Carbide Power Module for Current Balancing

Threshold-voltage mismatch among paralleled dies leads to unbalanced turn- on peak currents and switching energies, thus degrading reliability. A passive method employing inversely coupled inductors of tens of nH and drive-source resistors reduces current unbalance. An integrated design of the coupled inductors is required to facilitate their practical use in a power module. A layout to achieve inverse coupling, high coupling coefficient, and low voltage stress, magnetic materials suitable for operation at tens of MHz, and high current rating of tens of amperes with small magnetic core are challenging for its implementation. A module with integrated coupled inductors that achieve inverse coupling by utilizing the copper trace of the substrate and bond wires, size comparable to the silicon carbide die, coupling coefficient higher than 0.98, tens of nH operating at tens of MHz, and current rating of tens of amperes was designed, fabricated, and validated in this work. The coupled inductors with magnetic material of low-temperature cofired ceramics are compatible with existing packaging technology for module fabrication. Effectiveness on reducing transient-current mismatch at various input voltages, load currents, and gate resistances was verified by experiments. Compared with the baseline module resembling commercial modules, the module with integrated coupled inductors reduces current unbalance from 36% to 6.4% and turn- on energy difference from 28% to 2.6% while maintaining the same total switching energy and negligible change of voltage stress.

Combined effect of nanoparticle and grain refinement on yield stress of nanocomposite

ABSTRACTConsidering a high resistance to plastic deformation as a major requirement for many applications of modern engineering materials, the combined effects arising from grain refinement and second-phase nanoparticle on the enhanced strengthening of nanocomposites are predicted. In this work, we investigate when the external critical stress is applied, the splitting transformation of grain boundary dislocations (GBDs) within the double ended pile-ups at TJs (carriers of GB sliding) occurs, which initiates at the onset of yielding and serves as a channel of plastic deformation. In the framework of the model considered, the total energy change characterising this process is attained using the complex potential method for plane elasticity. The influence of the material elastic dissimilarity, lattice misfit strain, the radii of nanoparticle and grain size, geometric parameters of triple junctions (TJs), pile-up number of GBD dipoles and the interface stress on the energy and critical conditions for such a splitting is revealed quantitatively, and then the contribution of each factor to yield stress of nanocomposite has been evaluated more deeply. The theory predicts that grain refinement and second-phase nanoparticle strengthening interact significantly, strongly influence the GBD splitting and then yield stress. It contributes to understanding of the possible influence of these parameters for the effects of microstructure on the deformation behaviour of nanocomposites, which can help guiding the development of nanocomposite with enhanced strength and ductility.HighlightsEffects of grain refinement and nanoparticle on splitting of GBD are predicted.Splitting of GBDs within double ended pile-ups (carriers of GB sliding) occurs.Analytic solution of energy change characterising this process is derived.Reveal quantitatively energy and critical conditions for initiating these processes.Grain refinement and nanoparticle interact significantly, impacting yield strength.Characterise effect of microstructure interactions on predominant mechanism.

Revealing Insights into LixFePO4 Nanocrystals with Magnetic Order at Room Temperature Resulting in Trapping of Li Ions.

A systematic study on the structures, magnetic properties, and electrochemical performance of LixFePO4 was carried out. Interestingly, it was found that the magnetic phase transition temperature is around 295 K in LixFePO4 (x ≤ 0.12) nanocrystals, which is higher than that of LiFePO4 (TN = 51(1) K) and FePO4 (TN = 114(1) K) phases. The origin of magnetic order around room temperature (RT) in LixFePO4 (x ≤ 0.12) is proposed to be due to both Fe2+-Fe3+ superexchange and the broken local symmetries induced by Fe2+-Li+ antisite defects. Ab initio calculations were adopted to calculate the total energy change of the ferromagnetic state and antiferromagnetic state (ΔE) to qualitatively estimate TN and proved the existence of the magnetic order around room temperature. Because of the strong Lorentz force in RT magnetic domains, Li ions will be trapped and form sub-10 nm solid solution domains of Li0+δFePO4, which have a direct relationship with electrochemical performance during (de)lithiation procedures.

Contributions to single-shot energy exchanges in open quantum systems.

The exchange of energy between a classical open system and its environment can be analyzed for a single run of an experiment using the phase-space trajectory of the system. By contrast, in the quantum regime such energy exchange processes must be defined for an ensemble of runs of the same experiment based on the reduced system density matrix. Single-shot approaches based on stochastic wave functions have been proposed for quantum systems that are continuously monitored or weakly coupled to a heat bath. However, for systems strongly coupled to the environment and not continuously monitored, a single-shot analysis has not been attempted because no system wave function exists for such systems within the standard formulation of quantum theory. Using the notion of the conditional wave function of a quantum system, we derive here an exact formula for the rate of total energy change in an open quantum system, valid for arbitrary coupling between the system and the environment. In particular, this allows us to identify three distinct contributions to the total energy flow: an external contribution coming from the explicit time dependence of the Hamiltonian, an interaction contribution associated with the interaction part of the Hamiltonian, and an entanglement contribution, directly related to the presence of entanglement between the system and its environment. Given the close connection between weak values and the conditional wave function, the approach presented here provides a new avenue for experimental studies of energy fluctuations in open quantum systems.

Neurological Worsening After Implantable Pulse Generator Replacement.

Most of the implantable pulse generators (IPGs) in deep brain stimulation (DBS) used to date are non-rechargeable requiring regular replacements. IPG replacement is a minor surgical procedure, but adverse events including neurological worsening have been reported. In this study, we determine the possibility of neurological worsening after IPG replacement in Parkinson's disease (PD) cases on chronic DBS therapy (CDT) and its electrophysiological basis along with the therapeutic interventions used to alleviate them. This study is a retrospective chart review of PD cases on CDT followed at London Movement Disorders Centre from January 2010 to December 2016. Included cases were those who underwent one or more IPG replacement. A total of 45 PD cases on CDT underwent 62 IPG replacements involving 121 channels. Neurological worsening was observed in 16 (35.5%) cases following 17 (27.4%) IPG replacements, all following dual-channel IPG replacements. Tremor (41.2%), speech (35.3%), and gait (23.5%) worsened most commonly. Deviation from the pre-replacement parameters including voltage and impedance resulting in change in total electrical energy delivered (TEED) was the most common electrophysiological correlate, observed in 82.4% (14/17) IPGs having neurological worsening. This included switched laterality in a dual-channel IPG. Neurological worsening in the remaining 17.6% cases was hardware-related. Neurological worsening followed 27.4% of IPG replacements in PD cases on CDT with approximately 82.4% of these being avoidable by carefully monitoring stimulation parameters to match pre-replacement TEED values.

Evaluation of Variability in Resting Energy Expenditure and Its Relationship with Macronutrients and Gestational Weight Gain During the Second Trimester of Pregnancy (P11-136-19)

ObjectivesResting energy expenditure (REE) comprises 60% of total energy expenditure and variations may be associated with gestational weight gain (GWG). There is a paucity of research investigating the relationship between REE and GWG. We investigated variations in REE and dietary composition throughout the second trimester and their association with GWG. MethodsIn this controlled trial, pregnant women (N = 16, mean age of 29.9 ± 4.3 years) with a gestational age < 17 weeks used the Breezing™ device for 13 weeks. This device is a real-time metabolism tracker that measures REE via indirect calorimetry. Height, weight, REE, and dietary intake via 24-hr recall were assessed every 2 weeks. Rate of GWG was calculated as weight gain divided by number of study weeks. Early (EC, GA wks 14–21), late (LC, GA wks 21–28), and overall (OC, GA wks 14–28) changes in macronutrient composition, REE, and GWG were used to evaluate time-specific associations. Group differences were analyzed using a General Linear Model in SPSS Version 25. ResultsAmong the 16 participants, 25% of women were normal weight, 50% were overweight, and 25% were obese at study start. Women had a total and rate of GWG of 8.1 ± 2.9 kg and 0.6 ± 0.2 kg/wk, respectively. REE increased 72 ± 211 kcals/d during the early period, 121 ± 294 kcals/d during the late period, and 200 ± 316 kcals/d overall (from 1544 ± 237 kcal/d to 1744 ± 384 kcal/d). Early changes in REE were significantly correlated with the late changes in total (r = 0.52, P = 0.04) and rate of weight gain (r = 0.54, P = 0.03). A correlation between overall changes in REE and total weight gain was moderate and approached significance, r = 0.44, P = 0.09. Changes in total energy, fat, carbohydrate, and protein intake were not correlated with changes in REE; however, a moderate relationship between early changes in REE and overall changes in energy intake approached significance, r = 0.46, P = 0.07. Changes in GWG and REE did not differ among normal, overweight, or obese women (EC: F(2,15) = 0.36, P = 0.70; LC: F(2,15) = 2.37, P = 0.13; OC: F(2.15) = 1.27, P = 0.31). ConclusionsEarly changes in REE demonstrated a moderate, positive correlation with total and rate of GWG suggesting that assessment of REE early in pregnancy may help understand changes in GWG. Future research that evaluates both REE and dietary composition throughout pregnancy may provide insight into appropriate GWG. Funding SourcesProject HoneyBee, Arizona State University.

Local conservation laws in ultracold Fermi systems with time-dependent interaction potential.

In the context of an ultracold Fermi gas, we derive conservation laws for mass, energy and momentum based on a generalized nonlocal Boltzmann equation with gradient corrections in the collision integral. The corrections are expressed in terms of effective collision duration, particle displacement and changes of total momentum and energy. Their origin is in the in-medium T matrix. Using variations of the optical theorem, we show that in the collision integral the particle-hole symmetry can be recast into a form of collision symmetry amenable to semiclassical simulation. Pauli-blocked collisions are distinguished from Bose-stimulated nondissipative ones; the latter are not present in the absence of gradient corrections. Consolidating with the microscopic theory, we extract local conservation laws for a general time-dependent interaction potential, and demonstrate how both types of collisions affect densities and flows of conserving quantities. Comparison is made with the approach of Nozières and Schmitt-Rink in the limit of thermal equilibrium. Under approximations used for normal-state ultracold Fermi gases interacting via Feshbach resonances we demonstrate the effect of the collision delay on the shear viscosity.

Net-section based approach for fatigue crack growth characterization using compact tension specimen: Physical correlation of mean stress or stress ratio effects

A new approach is demonstrated here for the correlation of fatigue crack growth (FCG) data, generated using compact tension (CT) specimens, for various mean stress levels or stress ratios (R) of testing. The approach uses the change in the cyclic strain energy of the net-section as a parameter to correlate fatigue crack growth rates. The derivation of the change in net-section strain energy, for the CT specimen, is demonstrated here on the basis of energy principles of solid mechanics. The total change in net-section strain energy is determined as the sum of the changes in the tension and the bending strain energy components, arising from the tensile stress and the bending moment acting on the net-section of the CT specimen. This leads to a compact physical equation for the change in cyclic strain energy, which is expressed as a direct function of applied cyclic load level, crack length, stress ratio, and specimen dimensions. Extensive experimental evaluations, using the data for steels, copper and titanium alloys, were conducted and are presented here to show that the change in net-section strain energy can successfully correlate the fatigue crack growth for various stress ratios or mean stress levels. The present work provides a new direction for physically-based characterizations of fatigue crack growth data generated using CT specimens.

Electronic and structural properties of H-intercalated graphene-SiC (0001) interface

In this study, we investigate the changes in electronic and structural properties of a graphene layer deposited on a () R30° SiC (0001) surface before and after hydrogen intercalation using first-principles energy band calculations. Before hydrogen adsorption, the bond distance between the first graphene layer (FGL) and an Si atom on SiC surface is calculated to be 0.2285 nm, which is close to the value reported in the literature. After hydrogen adsorption, the layer distance between SiC surface and FGL tends to increase. The adsorption energy of hydrogen on SiC surface as estimated from the total energy change before and after hydrogen adsorption is relatively small. Thus, we suggest that hydrogen easily bonds to Si dangling bonds on SiC surface. When Si dangling bonds on SiC surface are passivated by hydrogen, the graphene layer on SiC functions as a quasi-free-standing graphene layer, whether the graphene exfoliates or not. Therefore, our results indicate the effectiveness of the hydrogen intercalation technique to create quasi-free-standing epitaxial graphene on Si-face SiC (0001) substrate.

Lifestyle Interventions to Promote Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity in Middle-Age (40-60 Years) Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial in the North of Iran.

This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of short-term structured interventions on healthy lifestyle behaviors, dietary intake, anthropometric measures, blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, and serum lipid profile of middle-aged adults. Randomized controlled trial study. Overall, 300 individuals out of apparently healthy (non-patient) adults aged 40-60 yr living in Amirkola, Babol the north of Iran were enrolled in 2016-2017. The Persian translation of the Health Promoting Lifestyle Profile II (HPLP-II) and two days 24-h food recall questionnaires were used for data collection. Eligible participants were allocated randomly in three groups (high-intensive, low-intensive and the control). The follow-up examination has been conducted after 16 wk of intervention. The three study groups had no significant difference in age (P=0.888), sex (P=0.395), BMI (P=0.969), healthy lifestyle score (P=0.675) and total daily energy intake (P=0.612). After intervention, the mean scores of all the six subdomains of HPLP-II questionnaire had significant improvement (P<0.001). Mean weight loss was 1.5, 1.0 and 0.3 kg, in high-intensive, low-intensive and control groups, respectively. BMI although reduced, was still in the overweight range in two sexes. Mean of neck, arm, waist and buttock size, diastolic blood pressure, serum triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HDL levels have been changed to a better condition in comparison with the baseline values (P<0.001). Dietary intake had good changes in total daily energy (P<0.001), daily intake of carbohydrate, protein, and fat (P<0.001), and proportion of energy from carbohydrate (P=0.007) and fat (P=0.022) after the intervention. Our intervention program could have positive impact on healthy lifestyle behaviors, dietary intake and weight in addition to some other anthropometric variables and serum lipid profile of middle-aged adults.