Changes In Societal Attitudes Research Articles

Thailand as World LGBTQ Wedding Destination

Gradually, Thailand has emerged as a promising land of honeymoon destination for LGBTQ wedding tourism, offering a diverse range of picturesque venues favorable for same-sex couples. This research paper discusses the multifaceted appeal of Thailand by mentioning the beautiful landscapes, culturally inclusive environment, and the growing acceptance of LGBTQ rights. The paper discusses the legal environment of Thai marriage, considering the difficulties facing the LBGTQ couples and the limitations of the present times, including the non-recognition of same-sex marriages under Thai law. On the other hand, it also discusses how weddings from the LGBTQ community have gone up, reflecting changes in societal attitudes and creating Thailand as a haven for couples seeking out acceptance and celebration of their love. It also lists all popular LGBTQ wedding venues-from five-star hotels to dreamy beach resorts-and mentions what really sets them apart: catering services designed with same-sex couples in mind. Cultural elements discussed herein involve an examination of traditional Thai wedding ceremonies and the aspect of inclusivity to understand their contribution to the experiences of LGBTQ weddings. It concludes with a presentation of some effective marketing strategies and promotional activities that might include partnering with LGBTQ influencers down to well-churned advertising campaigns that might position Thailand among the top destinations globally for the performance of LGBTQ marriage ceremonies. Against this backdrop, the present study explores a sensitive area in which Thai operators are showing huge potential to attract LGBTQ grooms and brides, first in the development of wedding tourism and secondly to increase acceptance of sexual orientation diversity across the region.

Qualitative process evaluation of a disability-inclusive ultra-poor graduation programme in Uganda

Background: There is a paucity of evidence regarding what works to help persons with disabilities escape the trap of poverty. To address extreme poverty among the general population, poverty graduation approaches have gained popularity. These programmes combine direct livelihood assistance (e.g. provision of assets) with wider support given to individuals (e.g. skill development). However, these interventions have rarely been adapted to be disability-inclusive.Objectives: The present research is a qualitative process evaluation of a disability-inclusive poverty graduation intervention, implemented in Uganda from 2020 to 2022. The study focusses on contextual influences on the intervention and mechanisms of impact according to the perspectives of implementers and intervention recipients, with a complementary analysis of structures and resources used to deliver the intervention derived from a desk-based review of programme reports.Method: In all, 15 implementers and 23 persons with disabilities who received the intervention were interviewed using semi-structured interviews. Interview data underwent framework analysis.Results: National infection prevention measures and loss of intervention funding associated with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) were identified as contextual influences on the intervention. Respondents highlighted increases in social empowerment and positive changes in societal attitudes to disability as routes through which the intervention had a positive impact. However, instances of jealousy from community members not receiving the intervention were also an unintended consequence.Conclusion: Results are discussed in terms of practical implications for delivering similar interventions in other contexts.Contribution: This study contributes new knowledge about the key factors that influenced the effectiveness of a disability-inclusive poverty graduation intervention.

Exploring the Impact of Son Preference on the Well-being of Daughters in Tanzania: A Multifaceted Analysis

In Tanzania, entrenched cultural norms favoring male offspring significantly influence family dynamics and pose considerable challenges to the well-being of daughters. This phenomenon, known as son preference, manifests in biased resource allocation, limited educational opportunities, and distinct healthcare differentials. This study delves into the multifaceted consequences of son preference on Tanzanian daughters, particularly in the Arusha Region. The cultural roots of son preference in Tanzania can be traced to historical and societal norms, where male heirs are traditionally viewed as primary caretakers and providers for aging parents. This mindset leads to biased resource allocation, impacting daughters' access to essential resources such as education, healthcare, and nutrition. Educational disparities are particularly pronounced, limiting girls' prospects and perpetuating gender-based inequalities in the workforce. The study employs a mixed-method approach, combining qualitative and quantitative data collection and analysis. It adopts a descriptive survey design, conducted in all seven district councils of Arusha Region. Both probability and non-probability sampling techniques are applied to select respondents, encompassing young women, girls, and stakeholders from various organizations. Results indicate a prevalent acknowledgment of son preference, particularly in pastoralist and agro-pastoralist communities. The study reveals how son preference affects education, health, and economic opportunities for daughters. Educational disparities, early marriage, unequal access to health care, and limited economic prospects are identified consequences. To address these challenges, the study emphasizes the need for a comprehensive approach involving changes in societal attitudes, policies promoting gender equality, and initiatives to empower girls. By challenging ingrained cultural norms, fostering educational opportunities, and ensuring equal access to healthcare, Tanzania can work towards dismantling barriers hindering the potential of its daughters. The study contributes to the discourse on gender equality, advocating for interventions that ensure the holistic development and flourishing of Tanzanian daughters.

Trends in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Related Knowledge and Stigma among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Republic of Korea from 2012 to 2022.

To evaluate the trends in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related knowledge and stigma among men who have sex with men (MSM) in the Republic of Korea between 2012 and 2022, five cross-sectional surveys were conducted. Though general knowledge of HIV infections is high, some misconceptions persist. The initial set of five questions in the survey maintained consistent levels of understanding throughout the five recurring surveys. Notably, the study found a consistent decrease in personal stigma toward people with HIV/AIDS (PWHA) within the MSM community in Korea. The increasing willingness of individuals to engage in social interaction with HIV-positive individuals, ranging from dining to cohabitation, indicated a positive change in societal attitudes. It is crucial to implement active policies such as counseling, testing, education, promotion, and the creation of preventive programs to improve knowledge about HIV and reduce stigma.

A Pragmatic, Person-Centered View of Cannabis in the United States: Pursuing Care That Transcends Beliefs.

Rates of cannabis use are increasing in the United States, likely as a result of changes in societal attitudes and expanding legalization. Although many patients report wanting to discuss the risks and benefits of cannabis use with their clinical providers, many providers hold conflicting beliefs regarding cannabis use and often do not engage patients in discussion about cannabis. This dilemma is underscored by the limitations imposed on cannabis related research, and lack of empirically based best-practice guidelines for clinicians when addressing cannabis use with patients. We aimed to briefly summarize clinician and patient attitudes toward cannabis use and review current clinical guidelines and provide suggestions to assist health care providers and clinicians in increasing their comfort and skill in discussing cannabis use with patients. A narrative review on attitudes toward cannabis use and clinical guidelines was performed to summarize the literature and provide evidence-based recommendations. Attitudes toward cannabis use have been shaped by personal and political factors and contribute to clinician hesitance in speaking with patients about the topic. Administrative barriers have hindered the development of clearer public health guidelines that might enable the dissemination of evidence-based information on the health effects of cannabis use and might ultimately lead to better health outcomes. Not discussing cannabis use with patients may be a crucial missed opportunity for harm reduction. In the absence of empirically supported best-practice guidelines, a person-centered approach can facilitate conversations on the harms and benefits of cannabis use.

CERITA RAKYAT “DEWI RENGGANIS”: KAJIAN FEMINIS

Abstract: This research aims to understand the role and status of Dewi Rengganis in society, as well as describe the community's perspective in folk stories involving this female character. The research utilizes a qualitative descriptive text analysis method with a postmodern feminist approach. The objective of this approach is to interpret the position and role of women in society. The results of the study indicate that in the legend of Dewi Rengganis, the role and position of women can be confirmed by reintroducing female characters who exist as subjects, have autonomy, and possess the ability to exercise their power. Through this interpretation, the folk tale of Dewi Rengganis serves as a tool to elevate the status and role of women in society. The implications of this research are that Indonesian folklore and folk literature have great potential in promoting gender equality and dismantling demeaning stereotypes against women. By introducing strong and influential female characters like Dewi Rengganis, society can see that women have equal potential to achieve success and play significant roles in society. This research provides new insights into the role of women in Indonesian folklore and encourages the development of inclusive narratives that depict gender diversity. Further implications may include changes in societal attitudes towards women, empowerment of women in various fields, and strengthening awareness of the importance of gender equality in society.

Towards Inclusive Education in Cambodia: Overcoming Barriers and Embracing Diversity

This paper examines the progress and challenges of inclusive education in Cambodia. Inclusive education aims to provide equal opportunities for all students, including those with disabilities, to access quality education. Despite some progress, inclusive education in Cambodia is still facing significant barriers, including inadequate infrastructure, limited policies, and negative attitudes towards students with disabilities. The study utilized a literature review approach to examine relevant studies and reports on inclusive education in Cambodia. The results indicate that there is a need for more investment in inclusive education, including teacher training, policy development, and infrastructure improvement. A change in societal attitudes towards disability is also required to create a more inclusive and accepting culture in Cambodia. The study recommends that the Cambodian government, in partnership with international organizations and stakeholders, take concrete steps towards achieving inclusive education and promoting equal opportunities for all students.

Az Antropocén Színháza : Koncepció, kérdések, előadások

This article explores the emergence and development of The Theatre of the Anthropocene, a unique artistic platform founded by Dr. Frank M. Raddatz and Prof. Dr. Antje Boetius in 2019. This ecological theatre operates at the intersection of art and science, aiming to depict and engage with the complex realities of the Anthropocene. The Anthropocene, a geological epoch marked by human influence on Earth, necessitates a scientifically informed theatre to convey the intricate interplay between human activities and the planetary ecosystem. The article delves into the theoretical foundations of this theatre, drawing on Bruno Latour’s critique of ecological disasters rooted in deficient epistemic concepts. It contrasts this with Bertolt Brecht’s scientific theatre and emphasizes the need for a transformation in the science stage to address contemporary environmental challenges. The role of feedback loops and the recognition of non-human entities as independent subjects in an Anthropocene aesthetic are central themes. The article also explores the potential of a spectral aesthetic, emphasizing the hybrid nature of the phenomena addressed, and presents the example of the production Lawyers of Nature. Furthermore, it discusses the urgent task of developing an ecological sensibility through art to instigate changes in societal attitudes toward planetary conditions.

Contemporary Mental Health Rehabilitation

A major driver during the era of 'deinstitutionalisation' was the change in societal attitudes towards people with mental illness, away from exclusion and marginalisation towards inclusion and participation in society. More recent mental health policy has tended to focus on promotion, prevention and early intervention, with little mention of those with more complex problems. However, despite the significant investment in early intervention services, long term studies consistently show that around a quarter of people newly presenting with psychosis do not do well. Nevertheless, there is good evidence that with appropriate treatment and support from specialist mental health rehabilitation services, even people with the most severe problems can achieve, sustain and enjoy a rewarding life in the community, yet many 'deinstitutionalised' countries fail to provide rehabilitation services, placing this group at risk of neglect, exploitation and institutionalisation. Happily, this situation is beginning to change. The publication of the first National Institute of Health and Care Excellence (NICE) Clinical Guideline on Rehabilitation for People with Complex Psychosis (NICE; CG 181, 2020) represents a sea change in the recognition of the needs of those with the most severe mental health problems and provides evidence-based recommendations about the treatment and support that should be provided. Alongside this, policy makers in many countries are beginning to recognise the need to include rehabilitation services in their mental health plans. It has been a long time coming, but mental health rehabilitation services are finally being acknowledged as an essential component of the mental health system.

Avaliando o impacto da Covid-19 sobre o apoio à democracia no Brasil: um estudo de painel

ABSTRACT Introduction: While substantial shifts in political and social values typically evolve over generational timescales, exceptional disruptive events can occasionally prompt swift changes in societal attitudes. This article investigates the extent to which the Covid-19 pandemic has influenced the level of democratic support among Brazilian citizens. Materials and methods: Our research employed a three-wave online longitudinal panel study (N = 1,301) to assess the attitudes of Brazilian citizens towards democracy at three distinct intervals throughout the Covid-19 pandemic. Our research tool gauged various dimensions of democratic attitudes and inquired about the respondents' experiences with Covid-19 as well as of their close social circles. Utilizing a combination of propensity score matching and a difference-in-differences design, we estimated the causal effect of the Covid-19 experience on both “diffuse” and “specific” support for democracy. Findings: Our analysis revealed that exposure to the virus had limited overall impact on our measures of democratic support. However, we did identify some evidence indicating that severe exposure to Covid-19 had a negative effect on one dimension of democratic support, specifically, diffuse support. Discussion: Our findings underscore the resilience of deeply ingrained ideological beliefs and values. Despite being one of the most disruptive global events in recent history, the Covid-19 pandemic displayed only a modest influence on the foundations of democratic culture. While this suggests that concerns about the pandemic's impact on democratic attitudes may have been overstated, it remains crucial for social and political leaders to remain mindful of actively reinforcing and upholding democratic governance during the post-pandemic recovery phase.

Long-Term Shifts in Admissions of Birds to Wildlife Recovery Centres Reflect Changes in Societal Attitudes towards Wildlife in Spain

A raíz de la concentración de la mayor parte de la población en ciudades durante las últimas 6-7 décadas, la actitud del ser humano respecto a la fauna silvestre supuestamente ha cambiado de manera sustancial en España. Una manera de demostrar ese cambio de conducta es analizar las causas de entrada de la fauna ingresada en centros de recuperación. En este estudio analizamos las entradas (ca. 70.000) de aves a los tres centros dependientes del gobierno regional en la Comunidad Valenciana (E, España) durante 30 años (1991-2020). Modelizando simultáneamente varias hipótesis especificadas mediante regresiones Poisson y seleccionadas mediante AIC, encontramos que nuestros modelos más parsimoniosos incluyeron únicamente la interacción entre causa de entrada, hábitat y tipo de origen con el tiempo (quinquenalmente). Concretamente, los ingresos por causas deliberadas experimentaron una reducción en el tiempo, mientras que las entradas por accidentes con infraestructuras y las entradas por causas naturales fueron en aumento. Las aves rapaces fueron admitidas por causas deliberadas más comúnmente que el resto de las aves (6,36% vs. 1,23%), si bien la tendencia de las entradas de rapaces por disparos fue fuertemente decreciente, pasando de un 21,7% en 1991-1995 a un 3,0% en 2016-2020. Con respecto a las entradas accidentales, las colisiones contra infraestructuras fueron la causa principal (59,5%), seguidas por las electrocuciones (14,8%) y los atropellos (9,6%). Las entradas por causas naturales fueron sobre todo aves jóvenes huérfanas o desnutridas (85%). El número de aves jóvenes huérfanas admitidas aumentó exponencialmente durante el periodo de estudio. En cuanto al hábitat de procedencia, los ingresos de aves de zonas urbanas y rurales mostraron un incremento superior al de las procedentes del medio natural. Finalmente, las entradas procedentes de organismos públicos prevalecieron hasta 2011, predominando a partir de entonces las entradas por parte de particulares. En resumen, esta marcada inversión en el patrón de los ingresos de aves (de proceder de entornos naturales y estar vinculados a entidades públicas, a proceder de medios urbanos y estar asociados a entregas de particulares) es interpretado por nosotros como confirmación de un cambio de actitud de la sociedad moderna española respecto a la fauna silvestre. Las causas de entrada son dinámicas a escala de década y continuarán cambiando en el futuro cercano.—Jiménez, J., Crespo, J. y Martínez-Abraín, A. (2022). Los cambios en la entrada de aves a centros de recuperación reflejan cambios sociales a largo plazo en la actitud humana hacia la fauna en España. Ardeola, 69: 291-302.

Australia's LGBTIQ Research Data Landscape

AbstractThe past decades have seen rapid changes in societal attitudes and policy surrounding members of the LGBTIQ community, however this community continues to experience adverse social and economic outcomes relative to their cisgendered heterosexual counterparts. Understanding the LGBTIQ data landscape is essential to promote scholarship in this space and highlight avenues for future data collection. Here I provide an overview of the 17 national data surveys in Australia that capture information on either sexual or gender diversity and are either repeated or longitudinal samples. For each dataset, I provide details on questions pertaining to sexual and gender diversity, indicative sample sizes and age ranges, scope of survey, and data custodians. Altogether, I find thatcollection of information on sexual and gender diverse (SGD) populations in Australia is poor and terminology varies widely. Only seven datasets capture information on both sexual and gender diversity and, of these, none are nationally representative, and only one is a longitudinal sample. Altogether, this review highlights the need for large‐scale, representative and longitudinal data capture of SGD populations in Australia.

Imagining the Invisible: Spatial Design for the North Sea

ABSTRACT The North Sea is undergoing severe ecological degradation. Can this condition be used as leverage for a change in societal attitudes, which are subsequently reflected in planning practices? Currently, both avenues are progressing with few effective feedback loops. This question is examined through imaginative proposals made by students at Bergen School of architecture, who address the North Sea as a holistic seascape composed of human-made and natural phenomena and aim to provide strategies for ecological recovery while reinstating the commons.

Are Millennials More Likely To Be Abusive Supervisors?

Demographic shifts in the labor force provide a variety of challenges for managers and leaders in organizations. Throughout history, shifts such as the greater participation of females in the workforce, greater ethnic/racial diversity, and increasing internationalization paired with age-related impacts have sparked changes in societal attitudes and management practices. Generational differences are also challenging because people born in different time periods may grow up in periods with differing values and social norms. As a result, people from different generations may have different expectations about how employees should be managed. Over the last several years, a great deal of research has addressed the unique characteristics of Millennials as they entered the workforce, but very little research has addressed the next step in the careers. This research focuses on the increasing role of Millennials in leadership as they increase they become the most active generation in the workforce.

Supporting Occupational Justice for Transgender and Gender-Nonconforming People Through Narrative-Informed Theater: A Mixed-Methods Feasibility Study.

Societal stigma gravely impedes occupational justice for transgender and gender-nonconforming (TGNC) people, producing vast health disparities for this population. To test the feasibility of an intervention to reduce stigma and improve the well-being of TGNC people. A parallel, mixed-methods design was used to test feasibility in the areas of acceptability, demand, and limited efficacy. Community. Forty-two audience members and 5 TGNC interviewees. Virtual, narrative-informed play reading and moderated discussion about gender diversity and affirmative care. Outcomes and Measures: The valid and reliable Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-Stigma was used to assess stigma beliefs. An open-ended, qualitative question assessed TGNC interviewees' experiences. Recruitment and participant responses to the intervention indicated feasibility in the areas of acceptability, demand, and limited efficacy. However, future efforts at obtaining a diverse TGNC sample are needed. The intervention decreased stigma beliefs in audience members and offered a positive experience for TGNC participants. Feasibility outcomes warrant future efficacy testing. What This Article Adds: This article adds an innovative intervention for promoting occupational justice to support the health and well-being of TGNC people. The community-based intervention facilitates change in societal attitudes and stigmatizing beliefs.

A qualitative study of autism services and supports in Singapore: Perspectives of service providers, autistic adults and caregivers.

Because autism is a lifelong and complex condition, autistic people may need a range of supports cutting across different sectors (e.g. health, education and social care) at different stages of their lives. Studies in some countries have shown that autistic people and their families face difficulties accessing the services they need, but no research has been done on this topic in Singapore. To start addressing this gap, we interviewed 21 service providers, autistic adults and caregivers/parents of autistic children to find out their perceptions and experiences of autism services and supports in Singapore. Our participants told us that beyond improving access to autism-specific services, they also hoped to see more flexible supports in an inclusive environment and a broader change in societal attitudes. This study highlights that autism service provision should be informed by autistic voices and not only focus on impairment but also recognise the strengths of autistic people alongside their very real needs. The whole of society - including policymakers, professionals, employers, educators, families and autistic people themselves - needs to work together to fight autism stigma and discrimination.

Have Christian Colleges and Universities Become More Inclusive of LGBTQ Students Since Obergefell v. Hodges?

Due to rapid changes in societal attitudes toward LGBTQ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) people, as well as the U.S. Supreme Court’s 2015 decision Obergefell v. Hodges legalizing same-sex marriage nationwide, Christian colleges and universities are experiencing more pressure to become inclusive of LGBTQ students. This article draws on U.S. Department of Education data on all four-year, not-for-profit Christian colleges and universities, as well as an original longitudinal dataset of LGBTQ student groups across Christian colleges and universities, to describe the landscape of LGBTQ student inclusion on Christian campuses before and after Obergefell v. Hodges. In 2013, two years before the U.S. Supreme Court legalized same-sex marriage, just under half (45%) of Christian colleges and universities had LGBTQ student groups. However, the U.S. Supreme Court’s Obergefell decision has evidently had little effect on holdouts: in 2019, the percentage of Christian colleges and universities that were home to LGBTQ student groups was only slightly higher (47%). Logistic regression analyses reveal that Christian colleges and universities that have recently become home to LGBTQ student groups were already predisposed to having LGBTQ groups in the first place, given that they are associated with social justice-minded denominations, have large student bodies, and have higher percentages of women students. The article’s findings hold implications for ongoing research on the status of LGBTQ people within Christian institutions.

Attitudes toward rape victims among University of Namibia students

A common misunderstanding about rape is that the perpetrator is driven by a sexual desire motivated by the victim’s seductive dressing or behaviour. The damaging impact of rape on the victim not only affects the victim’s emotional, psychological and physical state, but its ripple effects impact the larger systems of families, friends and life partners. The literature on studies of attitudes toward rape shows that there is an overall negative attitude towards rape victims leading to discrimination, stigma and, consequently, under-reporting of rape. The main focus of the present study was to investigate university students’ attitude toward rape victims. Furthermore, the study sought to explore gender differences in acceptance of rape victims. A convenience sampling technique was used to draw a sample of 131 students between the ages of 19-38 years. The sociodemographic questionnaire and Attitudes Towards Rape Victims Scale (ATRVS) were self-administered to collect quantitative data and descriptive statistics were used to analyse the data. The results indicate that male students have significantly higher unfavourable attitudes towards rape victims in comparison to females. Most of the rape victims are judged by what they wear and their location. However, both genders showed an acceptance of rape victims, even though a small number of males indicated “mildly disagree” on the scale. To be effective at reducing victimization, results strongly suggest rape awareness programs and interventions targeting society’s attitude and ways of dealing with a victim. Without community involvement and change in societal attitudes toward rape, legal policies will remain ineffective.

Neuroscience in transgender people: an update

Abstract Transgender persons identify with a gender different from the one they were assigned at birth. Although describing oneself as transgender is not a new phenomenon, media attention has lately been increasing exponentially, thanks to progressive changes in laws and change in societal attitudes. These changes also allow more people nowadays to (openly) identify as transgender and/or seek gender-affirming treatment. However, simultaneously, not much is presently understood about the underlying neurobiology, and specifically the brain structure and brain function of transgender persons. One major question in neuroimaging and neuroscience has been to determine whether, at the brain level, transgender people resemble more their gender identity, their sex assigned at birth, or have a unique neural profile. Although the evidence is presently inconsistent, it suggests that while the brain structure, at least before hormonal treatment, is more similar to sex assigned at birth, it may shift with hormonal treatment. By contrast, on “sex-stereotypical tasks,” brain function may already be more similar to gender identity in transgender persons, also before receiving gender-affirming hormone treatment. However, studies continue to be limited by small sample sizes and new initiatives are needed to further elucidate the neurobiology of a ‘brain gender’ (sex-dimorphic change according to one’s gender).

Worsening Perceptions of Family Connectedness and Parent Support for Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Adolescents.

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) adolescents often report compromised relations with their families. Given the recent changes in societal attitudes toward LGB individuals, in respect to rights for marriage and other legal statuses, we explore whether or not there has been a change in how LGB and heterosexual adolescents perceive their family relations over time. Using the British Columbia Adolescent Health Survey from British Columbia, Canada (N = 99,373; M age = 14.8), we investigated the trends and disparities in family connectedness and mother/father support in four data sets from 1998 to 2013. We found that while levels of perceived family connectedness and parent support have increased for heterosexual adolescents since 1998, the same increases were not found for LGB adolescents. Among LGB participants, levels of perceived connectedness/support generally decreased in each survey waves, especially among females. Alarmingly, significant disparities in these perceptions remained for LGB youth over time. Our findings have implications for supportive interventions focused on LGB adolescents and their families and in particular, the role of father support.