Changes In Law Research Articles

Effect of Texas Abortion Laws on Reproductive Health Attitudes Among Medical Students, Residents, and Faculty: A TTUHSC Study [ID 2683579

INTRODUCTION: In response to Texas Senate Bill 8 and the overturning of Roe v. Wade, we investigated the effect of new abortion laws on attitudes toward reproductive health and abortion within the TTUHSC community in Lubbock, Texas. As abortion remains a vital aspect of reproductive health care, understanding current and future doctors’ sentiments is essential. METHODS: The Omnibus survey was sent electronically to TTUHSC School of Medicine students as well as medical residents, fellows, and faculty. The survey included 25 question sets that branched according to respondent groups and received 318 responses from the TTUHSC community. Using a single predictor model in RStudio, we analyzed gender influence on attitudes toward post-law changes. All participants provided consent for their responses to be used for research purposes. This project was approved for exempt review by the TTUHSC IRB. RESULTS: Of 76 responses, 63% strongly agreed that medical education should address Texas abortion law changes. Females showed more desire (73%) for education changes (P=.0059). Gender also affected opinions on counseling limitations due to new laws (P=.0167) and obstetrics and gynecology residents’ abortion training (P=.0063). CONCLUSION: Most participants favored educating students about law changes, perceived counseling limitations, and obstetrics and gynecology training for abortions. Females consistently aligned with these sentiments. The gender-based disparities underscore a medical education gap exacerbated by the new laws. Ambiguities in current laws may affect clinical practice. Addressing these findings is crucial and encompasses integrating ethical considerations, legal nuances, and procedures into the medical education framework to produce competent, compassionate practitioners.

Study on the productivity and mechanism of physical field evolution of enhanced geothermal systems under different working fluid types and properties

The injected working fluid conditions directly affect the heat generation efficiency of a stimulated hot dry rock reservoir. Taking exploration well GR1 in the Gonghe Basin of Qinghai as the research object, a stochastic discrete fracture reservoir model was established around the main injection channel, and the productivity variation pattern of the enhanced geothermal system (EGS) and the spatiotemporal evolution mechanism of the reservoir fields were analyzed for CO2 and H2O working fluids. The interaction mechanism between the upper and lower rock formations and the reservoir during the heat mining process was discussed. This study obtained the following findings: (1) when the working fluid was CO2, after 20 years of heat recovery, the injection flow rate, output flow rate, and heat generation efficiency with a working fluid temperature of 60 °C reached 1.22 times, 1.18 times, and 1.92 times those with a working fluid temperature of 35 °C, respectively. The average subsidence and average geostress with the working fluid temperature of 60 °C were low, at only 90.61% and 95.96% of those with the working fluid temperature of 35 °C, respectively. However, high-temperature fluid injection increased flow loss. The changes in the various laws of H2O-EGS were similar to those of CO2-EGS. (2) When the working fluid temperature was 35 °C, after 20 years of heat recovery, the output flow rate and heat generation efficiency with the CO2-EGS reached 12.66 times and 1.28 times those with the H2O-EGS, respectively. However, the flow loss, average subsidence, and average geostress were higher with the CO2-EGS, reaching 6.58 times, 1.14 times, and 1.06 times those with the H2O-EGS, respectively. The patterns in these parameters observed at the other temperatures were similar to those observed at 35 °C. (3) The temperature decrease of the cushion layer was higher than that of the caprock, while the subsidence of the caprock was higher, and this phenomenon was more obvious when the working fluid temperature was lower. The conclusions obtained have important reference significance for the rational selection of working fluids.

The Fake News Effect: Experimentally Identifying Motivated Reasoning Using Trust in News

Motivated reasoning posits that people distort how they process information in the direction of beliefs they find attractive. This paper creates a novel experimental design to identify motivated reasoning from Bayesian updating when people have preconceived beliefs. It analyzes how subjects assess the veracity of information sources that tell them the median of their belief distribution is too high or too low. Bayesians infer nothing about the source veracity, but motivated beliefs are evoked. Evidence supports politically motivated reasoning about immigration, income mobility, crime, racial discrimination, gender, climate change, and gun laws. Motivated reasoning helps explain belief biases, polarization, and overconfidence. (JEL C91, D12, D72, D83, D91, L82)

Modeling of laser-assisted micro-milling Inconel718

Nickel-based superalloy Inconel718 is a typical difficult-to-machine material with the characteristic of high strength and hardness. Demands for micro parts of nickel-based superalloy Inconel718 are growing in aerospace, biomedical and other fields. Laser-assisted micro-milling (LAMM) can realize precision machining of the workpiece because of its lower cutting force. However, the machining mechanism and the change law of cutting force during LAMM of nickel-based superalloy Inconel718 are still unclear. There is a crucial need for modeling of LAMM Inconel718. This paper explores LAMM of nickel-based superalloy Inconel718 and realizes the simulation of LAMM process. A three-dimensional transient heat transfer finite element (FE) model is established to predict the temperature distribution of a Gaussian heat source in LAMM. Multiple sets of simulations of laser pre-heating with various laser power are conducted to analyze the temperature fields of workpiece and determine the appropriate laser parameters. A novel 3D model of the full machining process of LAMM Inconel 718 is constructed by ABAQUS with multi-subroutine, a fully coupled thermal-mechanical process is achieved. A modified Johnson-Cook constitutive model is used to reflect the size effect and flow stress of LAMM Inconel 718. Finally, the validity of the models is verified by experiments. Based on the verified model, the appropriate laser pre-heating parameters are obtained, and the prediction of cutting forces of LAMM Inconel718 is achieved.

A composite planning method considering avoidance of multiple no-fly zones

Aiming at the problem that multiple no-fly zones need to be avoided in the reentry process of aircraft, a composite programming method combining conjugate gradient and dynamic programming is proposed. The method divides the reentry flight trajectory into two parts: the longitudinal plane and the transverse plane. The longitudinal plane uses the conjugate gradient method to guide the aircraft to meet the minimum mass of the thermal protection system during the whole flight. The horizontal plane mainly uses the dynamic programming method to obtain a reasonable obstacle avoidance route and inversely calculates the change law of the heading angle. The simulation results show that the three-dimensional reentry trajectory can reasonably solve the problem of avoiding multiple no-fly zones and meeting the aerodynamic constraints of the flight process.

MgB[formula omitted] Josephson Junctions fabricated by Focused Helium Ion Beam with different irradiation doses on SiC and MgO substrates

Recently, high quality MgB2 single junctions and junction arrays fabricated by Focused Helium Ion Beam irradiation (He-FIB) have been reported. However, the effects of irradiation doses and substrates on junction properties have not been analysed systematically. In this work, 30 nm MgB2 thin films were deposited on SiC (0001) and MgO (111) substrates using Hybrid Physical-Chemical Vapour Deposition (HPCVD) technique and then etched into 2–4 μm wide microbridges. 2000–6000 ions/nm doses of He-FIB were irradiated across these microbridges, creating narrow junction barriers. R - T curves exhibit a clear foot-like structure that enlarges as irradiation dose increases. Temperature dependence of junction properties (critical current Ic, junction normal state resistance Rn, characteristic voltage Vc) shows that all junctions in our experiment exhibit superconductor-normal-superconductor (SNS) like behaviour and higher irradiation doses create thicker junction barriers. Furthermore, we analyse junction properties dependence on irradiation doses which yields an exponential change law. Finally, Fraunhofer diffraction-like patterns and Shapiro steps of junctions are also measured. Our results show MgB2 Josephson Junctions with adjustable properties can be fabricated by He-FIB on SiC and MgO substrates, which provides a solid foundation for future application devices research.

Nonlinear analysis model of the progressive damage of aluminum–wood sandwich structures under high-speed impact conditions

The impact responses of various protective structures composed of 2A12 aluminum alloy and wood laminates were studied experimentally. The experiments were conducted using different impact energies. By varying the sandwich material thickness and using two different bullet shapes, the effects of the sandwich material’s damage process and the core layer thickness on the protective performance were studied. The multilayer structure’s core layer failure condition was determined using the improved 3D Hashin criterion and a finite element model was established using Abaqus software. Tensile and three-point bending tests were conducted and the progressive damage model was verified statically. The model was then verified dynamically using the Hopkinson bar test. The mechanical properties of the materials under high dynamic strain rates were obtained through action loading testing of the specimens at different loading rates. The loading waveform was analyzed and a stress-strain relationship diagram was drawn at various strain rates. By verifying the experimental data, a numerical model that could capture the deformation and failure details during crushing was established, and the composite target plate impact failure mode and the trajectory change law were described. This study could lead to use of a new impact damage prediction method for laminates.

Trustworthy E-KYC Systems Using Blockchain

In today’s world, Leveraging technological advancements, such as digital identity verification and biometric authentication, has streamlined and modernized KYC processes. These innovations not only enhance efficiency but also contribute to a more user-friendly experience for customers. In this contemporary landscape, staying informed about evolving regulations and industry-specific practices is indispensable for effective KYC implementation. Financial institutions must continuously adapt to the changing regulatory environment and leverage technological solutions to maintain the integrity of their KYC processes. This proactive approach is crucial not only for compliance but also for building trust between customers and stakeholders in an era where financial security and transparency are paramount. KYC procedures have been simplified and brought up to date by utilizing technology innovations like biometric authentication and digital identity verification. These advancements contribute to a more user-friendly experience for customers in addition to increasing efficiency. Keeping up with changing laws and sector-specific procedures is essential for implementing KYC successfully in the modern world. It is imperative for financial institutions to consistently adjust to the dynamic regulatory landscape and utilize technological advancements to uphold the integrity of their KYC procedures. This proactive strategy is essential for both compliance and fostering stakeholder and customer trust in a time when financial stability and openness are critical. Index Terms – KYC - know your customer, AML - anti-money laundering, CTF - counter-terrorism financing Keywords – KYC, blockchain, etherium, encryption, compression

Experimental investigation of cutting force of powder metallurgy valve guide rod hole

Aiming at the problem of fast wear of machining tools in the special powder metallurgy valve guide rod hole and gasket seat of a certain engine cylinder head, in order to solve the technical problems in the cutting force (CF) of this kind of powder metallurgy materials, different tools are used and the analysis is carried out under different cutting test conditions. The cutting force law and surface roughness change law of similar powder metallurgy materials are determined to determine the appropriate tool materials and processing parameters. The experimental results show that under the same processing conditions, ceramic tools will suffer less than cemented carbide tools and cutting force can obtain a smaller surface roughness. In addition, the mass production process of valve seat, the blade material is ceramic knife.

Study on overburden failure characteristics and displacement rule under the influence of deep faults

Deep faults significantly impact the structural stabilities and deformation behaviors of their overburden rocks, which are key factors in underground engineering and geological hazard research. Considering the problem of deep-fault-overburdened breaking during mining of super-thick coal seams and taking the Yaoqiao Coal Mine as the research object, the mining fracture evolution characteristics and overburden displacement law of the non-structured and fault-bearing overburden corresponding to fully mechanized caving mining are compared and analyzed using numerical simulations and physical similarity simulations. The results of this study show the following: 1) The fracture height of the overlying rock presents a specific change law with advancement of the working face; the initial rapid increase to a maximum height of 74 m is achieved when the working face advances to 90 m; with the development of the plastic zone indicating past yield, the fracture height decreases to 54 m and becomes stable, and the final caving angle of the fracture stabilizes at 70°. 2) In coal mining under normal fault conditions, when the working face advances from the upper to lower walls, the roof forms a masonry beam structure that slows down fault activation and crack development. When moving away from the fault, the overburden movements and water-conducting cracks are fewer, and the crack height is lower than that without faults. When approaching the fault, the influence of the faults in the fracture zone increases, and the height of fracture development reaches the maximum value after crossing the fault, highlighting the significant influence of the fault on fracture development. 3) Through a similarity simulation test, it is shown that the overburden caving zone is further compacted by the overburden rock and that the roof collapses in a large range, resulting in rapid upward development of the overburden rock cracks and separation of the central overburden rock cracks that are gradually compacted and closed. These findings are expected to have important theoretical and practical significance for deep underground engineering design, geological disaster prevention, and fault activity monitoring.

Study on the Degradation Law of Physical and Mechanical Properties of Granite under the Action of Freeze-thaw Cycle

This study demonstrates the effect on the mechanical properties of granite through the freeze-thaw cycle test method, and investigates the mechanical property parameters and its changing law of the rock samples under different numbers of freeze-thaw cycles. The results show that with the increase of the number of freeze-thaw cycles, the physical property parameters such as mass and longitudinal wave speed of the samples show a tendency of attenuation. Mechanical property parameters such as peak strength and elastic modulus of the specimen also showed a trend of decay.

Analisis Kinerja PPAIW dalam Penegakan Hukum Wakaf Tanah di Indonesia

PPAIW has the main task of providing waqf administration and serving the needs of prospective wakif who will donate their assets by following per under the provisions of the legislation. The purpose of the PPAIW is so that the community gets authentic evidence that waqf has occurred. The existence of PPAIW makes waqf law change from a law that lives in the community to a written law that must be recorded by the state. However, that reality shows that PPAIW's performance in enforcing waqf law has not met the standards. The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of PPAIW in enforcing the waqf law and formulate efforts that can be made in enforcing the waqf law. This research uses the empirical juridical method with qualitative analysis. PPAIW's performance in enforcing waqf law in Indonesia has not been by following per under good work indicators, because there are several legal problems in carrying out their obligations, so their performance is not up to standard. Efforts must be made to enforce waqf law, namely; increase PPAIW resources; realize a corruption-free government, and KKN; provide good service (good governance); guard nadzir in the land registration process; provide a decree for the appointment of nadzir; empowering nadzir and the community; mastering dispute resolution mechanisms and advocating for the community; comfortable office atmosphere and support PPAIW performance.

Extraction, modeling and impact analysis of porosity defects formed in the CFRTP/Al6061 laser direct joining process

AbstractThis study focuses on the influence laws of porosity defects on the performance of the joint formed in the CFRTP/Al6061 laser direct joining process. Image extraction and finite‐element modeling methods are introduced to investigate the porosity defects, so that the model of joint with porosity defects of real characteristics is established. With the model, the failure process of the joints formed under different laser direct joining processes are analyzed, and the change law of the maximum failure displacement and the maximum failure load of the joints are revealed. The maximum error is within 17%. Results suggest that if and only if the porosity defects are distributed in the zone of the joint with the biggest stress under load, the defects will significantly decrease the maximum failure load of the joint; otherwise, the porosity defects will facilitate the cracking propagation process after the joint failure, thereby decreasing the maximum failure displacement.Highlights Porosity defects are identified from CFRTP background by image extraction. Local porosity is defined to illustrate the real distribution of defects. Joints with defects distributed by real characteristics are modeled. Max failure load hinges on relative position of defects and max stress zone. Porosity defect quantity influences cracking propagation rate after failure.

Comparative Study of Joint Estimation of State of Charge (SOC) and State of Health (SOH) of Lithium-ion Batteries Based on Different Tree Models

The realization of accurate State of Health (SOH) and State of Charge (SOC) estimation is a prerequisite to ensure the safe use of energy storage batteries, which helps to further improve the energy utilization efficiency effectively. Data-driven methods are efficient, accurate, and do not rely on accurate battery models, which is a hot direction in battery state estimation research. However, the relationships between variables in the lithium-ion battery dataset are mostly nonlinear, which largely affects the prediction of the model. In addition, the model also has a series of defects, such as large computation, strong data dependence, and long consumption time. In this paper, a joint online estimation method of battery SOC-SOH based on tree modeling algorithm is proposed to solve the above problems. Based on NASA battery sample data, this study explores the changing law between SOC and discharge voltage and temperature under different State of Health (SOH). Subsequently, a combination of RFR, GBDT and XGBoost tree modeling algorithms are used for battery SOC-SOH estimation based on the above variation rules. The experimental results show that the R<sup>2</sup> scores of the XGBoost algorithm in predicting both SOC and SOH are more than 0.995, indicating its good adaptability and feasibility.

Deep learning tool: reconstruction of long missing climate data based on spatio-temporal multilayer perceptron

AbstractLong-term monitoring of climate data is significant for grasping the law and development trend of climate change and guaranteeing food security. However, some weather stations lack monitoring data for even decades. In this study, 62 years of historical monitoring data from 105 weather stations in Xinjiang were used for missing sequence prediction, validating proposed data reconstruction tool. First of all, study area was divided into three parts according to the climatic characteristics and geographical locations. A spatio-temporal multilayer perceptron (MLP) was established to reconstruct meteorological data with three time scales (Short term, cycle and long term) and one spatio dimension as inputing (rolling predictions, one step predicts one day), filling in long sequence blank data. By designing an end-to-end model to autonomously detect the locations of missing data and make rolling predictions,we obtained complete meteorological monitoring data of Xinjiang from 1961 to 2022. Seven kinds of parameter reconstructed include maximum temperature (Max_T), minimum temperature (Min_T), mean temperature (Ave _ T), average water vapor pressure (Ave _ WVP), relative humidity (Ave _ RH), average wind speed (10 m Ave _ WS), and sunshine duration (Sun_H). Contrasted the prediction accuracy of the model with general MLP and LSTM, results shows that, in the seven types of parameters, designed spatio-temporal MLP decreases MAE and MSE by 7.61% and 4.80% respectively. The quality of reconstructed data was evaluated by calculating correlation coefficient with the monitored sequences of nearest station,determining the applicable meteorological parameters of the model according to the results. Results show that,proposed model reached satisfied average correlation coefficient for Max_T, Min_T, Ave _ T and Ave _ WVP parameters are 0.969, 0.961, 0.971 and 0.942 respectively. The average correlation coefficient of Sun_H and Ave _ RH are 0.720 and 0.789. Although it is difficult to predict extreme values, it can still capture the period and trend; the reconstruction effect of 10 m Ave _ WS is poor, with the average similarity of 0.488. Proposed method is applicable to reconstruct Max_T, Min_T, Ave _ T and Ave _ WVP, but not recommended to reconstruct Sun_H, Ave _ RH and Ave _ WS.

The Dynamics of Family Law in Indonesia: Bibliometric Analysis of Past and Future Trends

Family law is a branch of law that regulates relationships and interactions between family members. Because underlying family law are a number of factors that reflect the complexity and diversity of societies as well as different cultural values throughout the world. This research aims to carry out an indepth analysis of certain aspects of family law, such as regulations on marriage, divorce, child custody or family inheritance. This analysis can include a study of legal developments, comparisons with other legal systems, and evaluation of the effectiveness of implementing regulations, then understanding how social changes and changes in values in society affect family law. The method used is bibliometric analysis with a systematic literature review approach, there are 72 documents originating from Scopus metadata. Family law publications have increased from year to year over a period of 20 years, in 2011 there were 39 publications regarding family law, then they fell again in line with little attention to aspects of family law, from 2015 to the peak in 2020 there were 77 publications which has been published. Factors that cause this are due to social change, technological progress, and the evolution of societal values, social change. Increased awareness of individual rights, especially the rights of women and children, has encourage interest in change and reform of family law and Globalization brings new ideas and cultural influences that can influence the way family law is viewed. Research findings may have limitations in terms of applicability or relevance if laws or policies change. Family law is subject to continuous change and adaptation, particularly in response to changes in society and values. Research may not always be able to capture or respond quickly to changes.

Gender-Based Double Standards and Inequalities in Online Culture: Objectification of Feminine Sexuality, Self-Expression and Appearance, and Cybershaming

Online communities provide a place that facilitates netizens to share their thoughts and ideas freely and swiftly with the speed of a click; this is relatively free and more convenient compared to traditional methods of socialisation. However, the online world can still reflect the traditional community to some extent. Especially with gender-related topics, women are the most often recipients of cyber shaming. This essay will explore the topic of gender-based double standards both online and offline, focusing on cyber shaming received pertaining to women's outfit choices. The essay argues that the cyber shaming of women's outfit choices is not just a matter of individual taste or preference but is rooted in deeply ingrained gender stereotypes and expectations that constrain women's freedom of expression and limit their opportunities for self-determination. This essay will use qualitative and quantitative research methods to investigate the impact of outfits on criticism directed at women and the implications of gender-based double standards. By shedding light on the gender-based double standards that underpin cyber shaming, the essay aims to raise awareness and promote a more equitable and inclusive online culture that values diversity, respect, and empowerment for all. Moreover, this essay demonstrates that online cyberbullying can cause significant consequences in the offline world; some can even cost lives. There is also a need for progressive changes in criminal and privacy law that promote gender equity and prevent cyber-SV against EYW. The implications of these results for academics and practitioners are discussed, and directions for future research are outlined. Throughout the conducted research on three designed inquiry questions, this study concluded with three key findings: Outfit-based content manifests judgments and criticism in the comment to be harsher for women; the impact of cyberbullying on emerging young women is greater than at other ages; and women to some extent have aggravated the effect of the misogyny complex.

Dynamics and Complexity Analysis of Fractional-Order Inventory Management System Model

To accurately depict inventory management over time, this paper introduces a fractional inventory management model that builds upon the existing classical inventory management framework. According to the definition of fractional difference equation, the numerical solution and phase diagram of an inventory management system are obtained by MATLAB simulation. The influence of parameters on the nonlinear behavior of the system is analyzed by a bifurcation diagram and largest Lyapunov exponent (LLE). Combined with the related indexes of time series, the complex characteristics of a quantization system are analyzed using spectral entropy and C0. This study concluded that the changing law of system complexity is consistent with the LLE of the system. By analyzing the influence of order on the system, it is found that the inventory changes will be periodic in some areas when the system is fractional, which is close to the actual conditions of the company’s inventory situation. The research results of this paper provide useful information for inventory managers to implement inventory and facility management strategies.

A Critical Analysis of the Corporate Alternative Minimum Tax

ABSTRACT The corporate alternative minimum tax, enacted as part of the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act, intends to impose a minimum level of taxation on profitable large corporations using financial statement income as a tax base. Although both alternative tax bases and the usage of financial statement income in taxes have a long history in the United States, the tax represents a substantial change in the current corporate tax law. Although the corporate alternative minimum tax is predicted to raise billions of dollars from a small subset of the largest corporations, its design raises concerns about long-term efficacy. In this article, we summarize the development of the corporate alternative minimum tax in light of its historical predecessors and compare its design against accepted standards of good tax policy, ultimately identifying multiple inadequacies in its construction and implementation. We conclude by making policy recommendations. JEL Classifications: H21; H25; K34.

Assessing children's outdoor thermal comfort with facial expression recognition: An efficient approach using machine learning

In this study, children's physiological indices and facial expressions during activities with distinct intensities in outdoor open spaces were real-timely measured. Correspondingly, meteorological measurements and questionnaire surveys were conducted to explore change laws of children's physiological feedback, facial expressions, and subjective perception. Then, a predictive model of children's outdoor thermal sensations was built with the coupling relations of physiological indices and facial expressions. Results showed that the skin temperature on the face tended to increase as thermal stress increased but gradually declined with increasing activity intensity. Mean ear skin temperature (Tear) was the most sensitive, followed by mean cheek temperature (Tcheek). When conducting moderate and vigorous intensity activities, the heart rate (HR) increased significantly within 5 min of exercise and then stabilized. The HR increase in vigorous intensity activities was greater than that during moderate intensity activities. With an increase in thermal stress and activity intensity, the proportion of negative emotions (NegEmo) in facial expressions gradually increased. Sadness and disgust expressions both increased significantly, followed by fear and anger. Thus, Tear and NegEmo expressed facially were important indices to predict children's outdoor thermal sensation. Finally, the predictive model for children's outdoor thermal sensation based on facial expressions, Tear, and HR allowed for non-invasive data collection was built integrating machine learning, and its accuracy reached as high as 97.1 %. Our results propose a faster feedback method for children's thermal perception based on facial expression recognition, which can real-timely monitor thermal comfort for children, ensuring their outdoor thermal health and safety.