Changes In Expression Research Articles

Disclosing neonatal pain in real-time: AI-derived pain sign from continuous assessment of facial expressions.

Disclosing neonatal pain in real-time: AI-derived pain sign from continuous assessment of facial expressions.

Developmental neurotoxicity of bisphenol F and bisphenol S in animal model systems: A literature review.

Developmental neurotoxicity of bisphenol F and bisphenol S in animal model systems: A literature review.

Dynamic changes of serotonin transporter expression in the prefrontal cortex evoked by aggressive social interactions.

Dynamic changes of serotonin transporter expression in the prefrontal cortex evoked by aggressive social interactions.

Cannabidiol oil delays pancreatic islet dysfunction in Wistar rats under hypercaloric diet.

Cannabidiol oil delays pancreatic islet dysfunction in Wistar rats under hypercaloric diet.

Improved humanized mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus infection.

Improved humanized mouse model of Staphylococcus aureus infection.

A facile liquid biopsy assay for highly efficient CTCs capture and reagent-less monitoring of immune checkpoint PD-L1 expression on CTCs with non-small cell lung cancer patients.

A facile liquid biopsy assay for highly efficient CTCs capture and reagent-less monitoring of immune checkpoint PD-L1 expression on CTCs with non-small cell lung cancer patients.

Environmentally relevant concentrations of individual per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and a PFAS mixture impact proliferation, migration, and gene transcription in a human myometrial cell line.

Environmentally relevant concentrations of individual per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and a PFAS mixture impact proliferation, migration, and gene transcription in a human myometrial cell line.

Joint transcriptomics and metabolomics unveil the protective mechanism of tamarind seed polysaccharide against antibiotic-induced intestinal barrier damage.

Joint transcriptomics and metabolomics unveil the protective mechanism of tamarind seed polysaccharide against antibiotic-induced intestinal barrier damage.

Priming with quinoa dehulling residues induces changes in gene expression, boosts antioxidant defense, and mitigates salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana L.

Priming with quinoa dehulling residues induces changes in gene expression, boosts antioxidant defense, and mitigates salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana L.

Temporal evolution of fibroblast responses following salivary gland ductal ligation injury

Extracellular matrix remodeling is a natural response to injury but, excessive extracellular matrix accumulation, or fibrosis, is a causative factor in hundreds of diseases that limit organ function, regenerative responses, and can interfere with regenerative therapies. Fibrosis is closely related to inflammation, both of which occur in the salivary glands of patients treated with radiation for head and neck cancers and in patients suffering from autoimmune conditions, such as Sjögren's Disease. Despite the known involvement of fibrosis in disease and the inhibitory effects of fibrosis on tissue regeneration, the mechanisms through which extracellular matrix is elaborated in the salivary gland are poorly understood. Stromal fibroblasts are the primary matrix-producing cells and are known to drive both fibrosis and inflammation. To define the temporal responses of fibroblasts to injury, we induced a temporary obstructive injury though ligation of the primary submandibular and sublingual salivary gland ducts and then performed single-cell RNA sequencing and pathway analysis at timepoints immediately following the injury. Using bioinformatic approaches, we identified three unique fibroblast groups that dynamically respond to the injury. We characterized the changes in matrisomal and inflammatory gene expression over a 7-day time course and identified one group of fibroblasts to be the primary injury-responsive fibrogenic cell type. Understanding how fibroblasts respond at the early and later injury timepoints, along with defining signaling pathways regulated by fibroblasts, could lead to a better understanding of the contribution of fibroblast to acute injury responses to facilitate the development of therapeutics that minimize fibrosis and promote regenerative gland responses in chronic disease states.

Exploring preharvest sprouting (PHS) and late‐maturity alpha‐amylase (LMA) in wheat through proteomics: A review

AbstractClimate fluctuations have made it increasingly difficult for growers to maintain the quality and quantity of their grain to a degree that is satisfactory to buyers. Challenges for growers are preharvest sprouting (PHS) and late‐maturity alpha‐amylase (LMA), which are influenced by weather and genetic differences between varieties. Both lead to the expression of alpha‐amylase enzymes in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain, which degrade starches in the endosperm. Starch degradation drastically reduces the quality of food products that can be made from the affected wheat, leading to substantial financial losses for the grain industry. Identifying PHS and LMA depends on the Hagberg–Perten falling number (FN) test. While the industry standard, the FN test is not easily deployable at farms or elevators due to capital equipment costs and low test throughput. As a result, there is an increased risk of inadvertent mixing of affected grain with unaffected grain. Emerging literature suggests that LMA impacts end‐use quality differently than PHS. However, the FN test is unable to differentiate between PHS and LMA, which limits grain management strategies. Cost‐effective tests that can rapidly detect and differentiate between PHS and LMA may help to prevent inadvertent mixing and enhance breeding for tolerant varieties. A deeper understanding of changes in protein expression during PHS and LMA is needed for improving test development and targeted breeding. This review seeks to define the current understanding of changes in the wheat grain proteome during PHS and LMA, and the impact on end‐use quality of wheat.

Functional diversity of two apple paralogs MADS5 and MADS35 in regulating flowering and parthenocarpy.

Functional diversity of two apple paralogs MADS5 and MADS35 in regulating flowering and parthenocarpy.

Transcriptome Profiling Analysis Reveals Changes in the Antioxidant Defense System, Morphology, and Gene Expression in the Gills of Macrobrachium nipponense Caused by Alkalinity Exposure.

The median lethal concentration value of alkalinity tolerance for Macrobrachium nipponense over 96 h is only 14.42 mmol/L with a safety value of 4.71 mmol/L, which is insufficient to perform the aquaculture program in a water environment with high alkalinity. Thus, the present study aims to explore the effects of alkalinity exposure on the gills of M. nipponense through identifying the changes in antioxidant enzymes, morphology, and gene expressions after 1 day, 4 days, and 7 days of exposure under an alkalinity of 10 mmol/L. The activities of MDA, GSH-PX, CAT, T-AOC, and Ca2+Mg2+-ATPase are significantly stimulated by 62.6%, 6.57%, 32.1%, 33.3%, and 14.9%, compared to those from Day 0 (control group), indicating that these antioxidant enzymes play essential roles in the protection of prawns from the damage of reactive oxygen species caused by alkalinity exposure. In addition, alkalinity exposure results in an increase in the hemolymph vessels, affecting the normal respiratory function of the gills. Transcriptome profiling analysis reveals that short-term alkali exposure (4 days) does not result in significant changes in gene expression in the present study. Furthermore, metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of amino acids, amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism, lysosomes, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and phagosomes represent the main enriched metabolic pathways of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between Day 4 and Day 7. Biosynthesis of amino acids, lysosomes, and phagosomes are immune-related metabolic pathways, while amino sugar and nucleotide sugar metabolism and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis are energy metabolism-related metabolic pathways, indicating that the processes of immune response and energy metabolism play essential roles in the response to alkalinity exposure in M. nipponense. Thus, the DEGs from these metabolic pathways are considered as candidate genes involved in the regulation of alkaline acclimation in M. nipponense. The present study provides valuable evidence for analysis of the adaptive mechanism when exposed to alkalinity, contributing to the survival rate and aquaculture of this species under water environments with high alkalinity.

A flexible multifunctional sensor based on in situ reduction of Ag nanoparticles by yam polysaccharides.

A flexible multifunctional sensor based on in situ reduction of Ag nanoparticles by yam polysaccharides.

An integrated zebrafish model and network pharmacology to investigate the mechanism of Chrysanthemum for treating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

An integrated zebrafish model and network pharmacology to investigate the mechanism of Chrysanthemum for treating metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease.

Interaction between nutritional factors and the enteric nervous system in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Interaction between nutritional factors and the enteric nervous system in inflammatory bowel diseases.

Systematic multi-omics investigation of androgen receptor driven gene expression and epigenetics changes in prostate cancer.

Systematic multi-omics investigation of androgen receptor driven gene expression and epigenetics changes in prostate cancer.

Multi-omics analysis reveals mechanisms of FMT in Enhancing antidepressant effects of SSRIs.

Multi-omics analysis reveals mechanisms of FMT in Enhancing antidepressant effects of SSRIs.

Calcium Homeostatic Feedback Control Predicts Atrial Fibrillation Initiation, Remodeling, and Progression.

Calcium Homeostatic Feedback Control Predicts Atrial Fibrillation Initiation, Remodeling, and Progression.

Stable and dynamic gene expression patterns over diurnal and developmental timescales in Arabidopsis thaliana.

Developmental processes are known to be circadian-regulated in plants. For instance, the circadian clock regulates genes involved in the photoperiodic flowering pathway and the initiation of leaf senescence. Furthermore, signals that entrain the circadian clock, such as energy availability, are known to vary in strength over plant development. However, diel oscillations of the Arabidopsis transcriptome have typically been measured in seedlings. We collected RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from Arabidopsis leaves over developmental and diel timescales, concurrently: every 4 h d-1, on three separate days after a synchronised vegetative-to-reproductive transition. Gene expression varied more over the developmental timescale than on the diel timescale, including genes related to a key energy sensor: the sucrose nonfermenting-1-related protein kinase complex. Moreover, regulatory targets of core clock genes displayed changes in rhythmicity and amplitude of expression over development. Cell-type-specific expression showed diel patterns that varied in amplitude, but not phase, over development. Some previously identified reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction housekeeping genes display undesirable levels of variation over both timescales. We identify which common reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction housekeeping genes are most stable across developmental and diel timescales. In summary, we establish the patterns of circadian transcriptional regulation over plant development, demonstrating how diel patterns of expression change over developmental timescales.