Changes In E-cigarette Use Research Articles

Expectancies and reasons for use of e-cigarettes among young adults: A longitudinal analysis.

Use of electronic cigarettes, or e-cigarettes, has increased exponentially in recent years. Mechanisms that might underlie this increase include expectancies and reasons for e-cigarette use. This study was designed to identify and evaluate changes in expectancies and reasons for e-cigarette use among young adults over time and to determine whether such changes were associated with changes in e-cigarette use. Data for these analyses were collected from a sample of 137 young adult e-cigarette users who completed electronic surveys 5 times over a 12-month period. Results yielded five e-cigarette use expectancy and reason factors: Affect-Related Reasons, Social Reasons, Positive Social Expectancies, Positive Internal Expectancies, and Negative Expectancies. Linear mixed models showed that Negative Expectancies significantly increased over time (p = .004), whereas Affect-Related Reasons significantly decreased over time (p = .001). Additional linear mixed models indicated that, whereas both frequency and quantity of e-cigarette use decreased over time, changes in Positive Internal Expectancies were positively associated with changes in frequency of e-cigarette use (p = .032) and changes in Positive Social Expectancies were positively associated with changes in both frequency (p = .007) and quantity (p = .026) of e-cigarette use. These findings suggest that young adults' expectancies and reasons for using e-cigarettes fluctuate over time, and changes in expectancies seem to be longitudinally associated with changes in e-cigarette use. Positive expectancies for e-cigarette use represent targets for clinical, prevention, and intervention efforts. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Patterns of sustained e-cigarette use in a sample of young adults

IntroductionE-cigarette use and devices are rapidly changing, yet there is not much scientific evidence examining these changes over time. The purpose of this study is to describe patterns of e-cigarette use in a sample of sustained (i.e., reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use at every wave) e-cigarette users over a two-year period. MethodsData are drawn from five waves of the Project M-PACT cohort. Analyses are limited to those reporting past 30-day e-cigarette use at each wave (n = 75). Mixed effects regressions were conducted for the following dependent variables: device type, number of days used, combustible tobacco product use, and symptoms of nicotine dependence. Each model used survey wave as the time variable, and controlled for sociodemographic variables. ResultsAmong sustained users, the majority reported using a rechargeable device. The average number of days used was about 2 for disposable devices and 14 for rechargeable devices (p < .0001). The odds of combustible tobacco product use decreased over time (AOR = 0.71; 95% CI 0.57–0.89), while symptoms of e-cigarette nicotine dependence increased over time (β = 0.07 SE = 0.03, p-value = .02). For both e-cigarette device types, there were no changes in device type or number of days used over time. ConclusionThis is one of the first studies to look at changes in e-cigarette use, including symptoms of dependence and number of days used over a two-year period. This brief report extends the current literature by examining more than the prevalence and frequency of e-cigarette use.

Is prevalence of e-cigarette and nicotine replacement therapy use among smokers associated with average cigarette consumption in England? A time-series analysis

ObjectivesMany smokers use e-cigarettes and licensed nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), often in an attempt to reduce their cigarette consumption. We estimated how far changes in prevalence of e-cigarette and NRT...

Increasing prevalence of electronic cigarette use among smokers hospitalized in 5 US cities, 2010-2013.

Little is known about the pattern of electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use over time or among smokers with medical comorbidity. We assessed current cigarette smokers' use of e-cigarettes during the 30 days before admission to 9 hospitals in 5 geographically dispersed US cities: Birmingham, AL; Boston, MA; Kansas City, KS; New York, NY; and Portland, OR. Each hospital was conducting a randomized controlled trial as part of the NIH-sponsored Consortium of Hospitals Advancing Research on Tobacco (CHART). We conducted a pooled analysis using multiple logistic regression to examine changes in e-cigarette use over time and to identify correlates of e-cigarette use. Among 4,660 smokers hospitalized between July 2010 and December 2013 (mean age 57 years, 57% male, 71% white, 56% some college, average 14 cigarettes/day), 14% reported using an e-cigarette during the 30 days before admission. The prevalence of e-cigarette use increased from 1.1% in 2010 to 10.3% in 2011, 10.2% in 2012, and 18.4% in 2013; the increase was statistically significant (p < .0001) after adjustment for age, sex, education, and CHART study. Younger, better educated, and heavier smokers were more likely to use e-cigarettes. Smokers who were Hispanic, non-Hispanic black, and who had Medicaid or no insurance were less likely to use e-cigarettes. E-cigarette use also varied by CHART project and by geographic region. E-cigarette use increased substantially from 2010 to 2013 among a large sample of hospitalized adult cigarette smokers. E-cigarette use was more common among heavier smokers and among those who were younger, white, and who had higher socioeconomic status.