Changing Business Conditions Research Articles

THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY

This paper presents a study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of the process of forming a development strategy for a company. It was determined that the main goal of the development strategy is to achieve a long-term competitive advantage that guarantees the survival and sustainable functioning of the enterprise in the future. After considering the opinions of various authors, we have reached the conclusion that a development strategy is a coherent set of interrelated strategic decisions that determine the priority areas of a company's activities in terms of implementing its mission, goals, and objectives. According to its content, the strategy takes into account the main fundamental processes in the company and its external environment, the potential for growth of its strategic potential. And since each firm is unique, the strategy formulation process for each firm is individual. The paper investigates the possibility that an enterprise can function well through management that is adaptable to rapid changes in business conditions and through efforts to solve internal problems related to increasing the efficiency of resource use in current activities. In other words, it is necessary to implement a process of planning, organizing, motivating, and controlling in order to formulate and achieve the goals of the enterprise. Summarizing the different approaches to the content of the strategy formulation process, it was determined that there is no single method of formulating development strategies, nor is there a single form of enterprise. After analyzing the studies of scientists dealing with the issue of the development strategy of an enterprise, it was determined that the development strategy of an enterprise is a complex and long process of actions and measures to improve business processes, continuously shape the customer portfolio, and improve the system of relations with customers, taking into account the interaction between the external environment and the enterprise and the dynamics of its development, as well as the We were able to reach the conclusion that it is the result of a process, designed to support the sustainable and long-term livelihood of enterprises in the turbulent conditions of the socio-economic system. The analysis of a large number of publications shows that the scientific and methodological approach to the formation of development strategies and the structuring of their development process needs updating and further development, both in its scientific and organizational/practical aspects.

Strategi Pengelolaan Budidaya dalam Industri Udang: Tinjauan Produktivitas Budidaya Udang

Vannamei shrimp marketing and cultivation strategies highlight how entrepreneurs can take advantage of existing strengths and opportunities to maximize profits and business growth. Through SWOT analysis, the proposed strategy includes increasing seed production and quality, recruiting experts to increase production and promotion, as well as managing threats and weaknesses with effective strategies. This strategy aims to optimize market segmentation, targeting, positioning and marketing mix, with an emphasis on the importance of adapting to changing business conditions and active support from the government in overcoming regulatory obstacles. This study explores the economic and social impacts of vannamei shrimp farming in Ivory Coast villages, identifying factors that contribute to community well-being, including access to resources, work ethic, and economic motivation, as well as challenges faced, such as lack of financial support from local government . The recommendations given emphasize the importance of government support, improving farmer skills, and further research focusing on the welfare of shrimp farm workers. By implementing effective marketing strategies and paying attention to sustainable development and utilization of coastal and marine resources, this research proposes that vannamei shrimp cultivation can not only develop but also contribute significantly to the economic and social welfare of society.

ANALISIS TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE RGEC (RISK, PROFILE, GOOD CORPORATE GOVERNANCE, EARNING, AND CAPITAL) PADA PT. BANK PERMATA Tbk. PERIODE 2019-2021

The purpose was to find out the soundness of the bank PT Bank Permata Tbk for the period 2019-2021 using the RGEC method. The population is the financial statements of PT Bank Permata Tbk and the samples are the statement of financial position (balance sheet), income statement, and notes to the financial statements of PT Bank Permata Tbk for the 2019-2021 period. The type of data used is quantitative data with secondary data, using data collection techniques, namely documentation techniques through the website of Bank Permata. The data processing technique used is a descriptive technique using the RGEC method. Based on the results of data processing, it can be concluded that PT Bank Permata Tbk in 2019 to 2021 obtained a composite rating (PK) 1 in the very healthy category. This reflects the condition of the bank which is generally very healthy, so it is considered very capable of dealing with significant negative influences and changes in business conditions and other external factors.

A data-driven decision-making approach for evaluating the projects according to resilience, circular economy and industry 4.0 dimension

Multi-industry organizations constantly define new projects for development and progression. However, the noteworthy point is that there are many options for defining new projects and allocating resources to them, from which the best choices must be selected among the candidate projects. In today's world, due to extensive changes in business conditions, traditional performance metrics are not suitable for project evaluation, and projects that can enhance organizational resilience and serve communities in line with economic and environmental components should be selected. Moreover, considering the widespread changes in digital transformation over the past decade, paying attention to Industry 4.0 standards in project selection is important. In this context, the main goal of this study is to design a data-driven decision-making model based on machine learning for evaluating and selecting projects in line with resilience, circular economy, and Industry 4.0 criteria. In the first step, 21 indicators were identified, and their weights were determined using the fuzzy best-worst method (FBWM). Then, using the weighted fuzzy inference system method (WFIS), rules for labeling data were established, and finally, a model for predicting and evaluating project performance was defined using the Light Gradient Boosting Machine algorithm. The findings indicate that the indicators “Increase market share using Industry 4.0 technologies” and “Net present value” are the most important in project evaluation. The developed model accurately evaluates projects with more than 93% accuracy, performing better than other algorithms and demonstrating the high performance of data-driven algorithms in project evaluation.

Developing and Implementing a Value-Based Operations and Maintenance Performance Management in Nigeria Electric Power Industry

The Nigeria electric power industry is yet to recognize and adjust management practices, especially those concerned with operations and maintenance, to the changed and changing business conditions in electric power production. Hence, there is a need to review the organization’s operations and maintenance policies. This paper intends to develop a value-based operations and maintenance performance which could be implemented in Nigeria electric power stations. An attempt was made to develop a framework for effective management of operations and maintenance performance which will link results to performance drivers. Furthermore, balance scorecard concept was included. The paper emphasized on value-added and intellectual capital in operations and maintenance in the emerging business environment, and stressed that there is a need to move from corrective maintenance or time-based maintenance to a long-term business-oriented approach.

ІНФОРМАЦІЙНЕ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ РЕФЛЕКСИВНОГО УПРАВЛІННЯ БІЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕСАМИ АГРОПІДПРИЄМСТВ В УМОВАХ ДІДЖИТАЛІЗАЦІЇ

This paper provides a theoretical justification for information support for reflexive management of business processes of agricultural enterprises in the context of digitalization based on an integrated approach. The information and analytical needs of agribusiness subjects have been identified and systematized. The data on common software products for collecting, processing, using and storing information by its types that can be used by agricultural enterprises are summarized. The article argues that the effectiveness of information support for reflexive management of business processes of agricultural enterprises in conditions of digitalization largely depends on the systematization, structuring, and diversification of information. These aspects enable agricultural enterprises to adapt to changing business conditions, optimize production processes, efficiently manage resources, and forecast operational outcomes. A comprehensive approach to information support, which includes the integration of various software products, enhances the management efficiency of agricultural enterprises, despite potential challenges related to system compatibility and integration. It is substantiated that agricultural enterprises should focus on the constant updating and modernization of their information systems, adapting them to the latest technologies, market demands, and their own informational needs. Another important aspect is the development of staff skills in utilizing these systems, ensuring their effective application. Finally, strategic planning and data analysis from information systems can become key factors in making well-founded management decisions, increasing the competitiveness and efficiency of the agricultural enterprise.

Оцінювання тенденцій фінансового результату збутової діяльності виробничого підприємства

The article discusses the main principles of forming the financial result of the sales activity of the business entity. At the same time, the main attention is focused on the evaluation of the trends of changes in the gross profit of the manufacturing enterprise. The main factors influencing its change under martial law are outlined. It has been proven that timely monitoring of the results of sales activity requires the use of economic and mathematical methods and models for estimating gross profit. The means of econometric modeling provide for the selection of the most significant factors of its change, assessment of the density and closeness of the connection, the share of influence of the selected factors on the performance indicator, modeling and further forecasting of the gross profit. The trends of changes in the result of the sales activity of the manufacturing enterprise over the last fifteen years were analyzed. The main problems have been identified and the ways to overcome problematic areas of sales activities have been outlined. It is substantiated that in order to overcome the mentioned troubles, it is necessary to apply the correlation-regression analysis of the gross profit of the manufacturing enterprise. At the same time, the most influential factors of its change were chosen: the volume of sales of the main type of products, the cost of goods and retained earnings (uncovered loss). The result of the conducted research is the construction of multifactorial econometric models of the formation of the gross profit of the manufacturing enterprise. It was established that all these models are adequate according to the coefficient of determination and Fisher's test. Therefore, gross profit forecasting for the next two years was carried out based on them. The forecasting process was carried out on the basis of the assumption of a one percent change in the selected factors and on the basis of the trends existing at the production enterprise. The forecasting results are of a recommendatory nature and can be applied in accordance with changing business conditions. Forecasting changes in factors, using the TREND function, leads to a rapid increase in gross profit. Applying an expert assessment of changes in factors proves a more optimistic prediction of the size of the gross profit of the manufacturing enterprise. The work offers several possible options for changing the result of sales activities in accordance with the dynamics of changes in the selected factors. The relevance of the provided information will allow not only to evaluate the existing trends regarding changes in gross profit, but also to choose the best result depending on the dynamism of the internal and external environment of the production enterprise.

Firm-Level Uncertainty and the Transmission of Monetary Policy

Abstract We show that firms which face higher uncertainty adjust their investment less in response to monetary policy shocks. We find corroborating evidence of this differential effect from firm-level stock returns on FOMC announcement days. Our results are consistent with a real options (or “wait-and-see”) channel whereby higher uncertainty dampens the response to changes in business conditions. Consistent with this mechanism the dampening effect is stronger for firms that face higher reversibility costs of investment.

On the role of small and medium-sized businesses in the economy of modern Russia

The relevance of the research topic is due to significant changes in business conditions and the need to assess their impact on the activities of small and medium-sized enterprises. At the current stage of the geo-economic confrontation, the domestic economy is faced with large-scale restrictions and measures to curb its development. Solving the problem of the emerging shortage of financial and other resources involves their optimal distribution between business entities and their groups, including between small and large businesses. The priority recipients of resources should be groups of systemically important entities capable of ensuring the sustainability and dynamic development of the entire economy. In the article, the author considers the question of whether domestic small and medium-sized enterprises belong to such entities. The purpose of the study is to assess the role and potential of small and medium-sized businesses in ensuring sustainable and dynamic development of the domestic economy in modern conditions. The author presents the results of systematization of current scientific approaches on the topic under consideration, indicators characterizing the share of small and medium-sized businesses in the economy of Russia and a number of foreign countries. A criteria analysis of its role and potential in ensuring the development of the domestic economy has been performed. The prerequisites for changing this role in the medium term are assessed. To achieve the goal of the article, the results of Russian and foreign research, statistical observation data, as well as methods of criterial and comparative analysis were used. When studying the prerequisites for increasing the role of small and medium-sized businesses, a factorial method was used based on a set of factors presented by the author. The results of the study confirmed the special importance of small and medium-sized businesses for ensuring the social aspects of economic development, including ensuring employment and stimulating private initiative. It is concluded that there is a need to increase government support in this area. In the broader context of economic development, domestic small and medium-sized businesses are characterized as a relatively small part of the national economy with a moderate level of stability in times of crisis and relatively low innovative activity and susceptibility to innovation. Its influence on economic growth is assessed as limited, and its role in ensuring sustainable and dynamic development of the domestic economy is assessed as secondary and complementary. There are no prerequisites for a significant change in this role in the medium term, which is due to the existing economic structure, industry structure and modern business conditions. The results of scientific research may be in demand by experts in the field of strategic socio-economic planning.

ОСОБЛИВОСТІ МЕНЕДЖМЕНТУ В УМОВАХ BANI-СВІТУ

Today, rapid changes have become the norm for domestic enterprises. They encourage them to search for new effective management tools and change the management paradigm in general. Under these circumstances, managing the development of an enterprise is an extremely challenging task for managers at all levels of management, as only those enterprises that are able to adapt their management system to new challenges and opportunities to improve performance will be able to survive. The modification of the basic elements of the management process is closely of the fundamental change in the defining parameters of the environment and the formation of new realities of business. The BANI world order requires the management of enterprises to develop new management models that would ensure rapid adaptation to new circumstances. The BANI world is an extremely unstable world order in which changes are chaotic under the influence of global systemic changes, and technology development is occurring at an extremely rapid pace. In order to survive in the BANI world, a business entity needs to adapt and reorient quickly, be flexible and anti-fragile, think non-linearly, and form emotional supports, including developing empathy and emotional intelligence. In this regard, the modern management paradigm should be based on a systemic and situational approach to management and managerial art. The main principles of effective work of a modern manager in the BANI world are: flexibility and adaptability; innovation; risk-orientation; dynamism; efficiency; complexity; stress resistance; care for the interests of society and environmental protection; impartiality of thinking. The most effective tools for ensuring the effective functioning of enterprises in the BANI world order are the Agile-approach, design thinking technology, and value approach. Changing business conditions require modern managers to have not only traditional "hard skills" and "soft skills" but also "meta skills". The main qualities required of a modern manager are adaptability; critical and creative thinking; empathy; high emotional and social intelligence; creativity; ability to build horizontal relationships with employees; and the ability to make informed management decisions in the face of limited information.

Research Paper on Salesforce Technology

The domain of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) and business solutions has all been transformed by Salesforce, offering an extension of enterprise management and a powerful channel for simplifying processes, increasing customer engagement, and propagating overall business success. This research paper scrolls over the multiple layers that make up the Salesforce product and services, exploring the technology's changes over the years, the features that define Salesforce, and the many applications that have industry-wide use today for every kind of business. This study provides an overview of Salesforce's historical development that starts with the company's CRM focus and broadens out into Sales Cloud, Service Cloud, Marketing Cloud and several other applications. We then turn to the evolution of the Salesforce platform, showing how it has stretched and evolved over the years in response to changing business conditions. A significant portion of the research is devoted to uncovering the main technologies in Salesforce, such as Lightning Platform and Apex programming language, and Visualforce. From this we learn how the web components fit together flexibly and how easily the platform can be extended. This portion of the study also focused on the integration of Salesforce with third-party applications and systems. These passages underline its position in companies' complex digital infrastructures. Also, real-life practical examples and success stories were given, showing the tangible benefits of Salesforce applied to business in terms of increased sales and efficiency, as well as customer satisfaction. In addition, the study examines the potential effects of new technologies that have emerged, such as artificial intelligence and machine learning, on salesforce. In conclusion, it offers an analysis to future development trends for salesforce as well as a description of its history to date.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ БІЗНЕСУ В УМОВАХ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-МЕРЕЖЕВОЇ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The article examines the features of the transformation of modern business in the conditions of the information and network economy and the new challenges and opportunities associated with this process in the field of economic activity. The features of such a transformation are analyzed and its impact on entrepreneurship and the economic system as a whole is determined. It has been proven that there is currently a transition from traditional business models to flexible, adaptive systems that are able to effectively respond to rapid and dynamic changes in market demand and market competition conditions. It was determined that the information and network economy creates conditions for the deep integration of technologies into all aspects of modern business processes. The impact of digital technologies on the functional interaction between business entities in the process of economic activity is considered. It has been proven that network structures make it possible to form new models of economic cooperation by combining various industries and individual enterprises into large complex ecosystems, which opens up wide opportunities for the creation of new innovative products and services, as well as for the development of new markets. It was determined that the challenges facing modern enterprises in the conditions of the information and network economy consist in changing consumer requests, increasing the impact of cyber threats on business processes, as well as forming an objective need for enterprises to constantly update technologies in order to properly adapt to changing business conditions - environments. The specifics of the response of modern business to the challenges of the information and network economy, which can provide enterprises with the appropriate level of competitiveness and provide conditions for their sustainable development, are highlighted. It has been proven that innovations in management strategies, the use of the latest digital and information technologies, as well as the active participation of business in network relations become key components of successful business transformation in new economic conditions. It was determined that the information and network economy, in which the importance of data exchange and the use of digital technologies for optimizing business processes is growing, forms new paradigms in management and entrepreneurship. The role of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things and blockchain technologies in the formation of modern effective business models is considered. It was determined that the development of digital tools contributes not only to automation, but also to rethinking the essence of resource management strategies, interaction with customers and the creation of fundamentally new innovative products.

МЕХАНИЗМ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ БИЗНЕС-ПРОЦЕССОВ АПК В УСЛОВИЯХ СУВЕРЕНИЗАЦИИ ПРОДОВОЛЬСТВЕННОГО ПОТЕНЦИАЛА

In the current difficult business conditions in the Russian Federation, due to the restrictive measures of unfriendly countries towards the Russian economy, there is a growing need for mechanisms to effectively increase the resilience of agricultural systems to sanctions risks, trade barriers and other external threats, reinforced by the low sovereignty of the country’s food potential. In this context, significant adaptive potential is concentrated in the transformation of business processes of economic entities that are producers of agricultural products and food, taking into account constantly changing business conditions. In this regard, the issues related to the development of a mechanism for the transformation of business processes seem relevant. The purpose of the study is to develop recommendations on the formation of the structure of the mechanism for the transformation of business processes in the agro-industrial complex in the context of the sovereignization of Russia’s food potential. The following tasks are to be solved: to assess current trends in the changing environment of food producers in Russia, in particular as a result of the establishment of barriers to Russian business; to identify key areas for ensuring the sustainable functioning of economic entities in conditions of turbulence and exogenous risks; to develop a generalized structure of the mechanism of transformation of business processes of manufacturers of agricultural products. The authors propose the structure of a distributed mechanism, represented by a risk warning system on the external contour of an economic entity that poses a threat to business process disruption; a system for responding to threats of technological process disruption, providing rapid restructuring of the entire chain of business processes; a reflection system responsible for a posteriori analysis of the operation of warning and response systems. The proposed structure of the mechanism for transforming the business processes of the agro-industrial complex can form the basis for further developments on the formation of such a mechanism and its practical use in order to adapt food producers to sanctions pressure, ensure the sustainability of production, and increase the country’s food security.

ФОРМУВАННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ СТРАТЕГІЇ В ПРОЦЕСІ ЕКОНОМІЧНОГО РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВА

The article thoroughly analyzes the processes that contribute to the definition and implementation of investment strategies in the context of dynamic company development. The article presents the main methodological approaches to forming an investment strategy, as well as the relationship of this process with the life cycles of enterprises. Significant attention is paid to the integration of the investment strategy with the company’s general strategic planning, considering the economic, political, and social challenges of modernity. The article defines an investment strategy as a system of complex actions aimed at the effective use of resources to achieve the strategic goals of the enterprise. It explores the essence of the investment strategy through the prism of its impact on sustainable growth and development of the enterprise. An analysis of various investment resources is also presented, including material assets, financial investments, intellectual investments, and personnel development. Particular attention is given to the hierarchical structure of the investment policy and its elements according to the period of implementation. The authors identify key principles for forming investment strategies, considering the dynamics of changes in the macroeconomic environment and the need to adapt to rapidly changing business conditions. The article includes research on the relationship between the investment strategy and the general strategy of enterprise development, which allows for adaptation to changes in the external environment and optimization of decisions in the context of different stages of the enterprise’s life cycle. Particularly important is the analysis of strategic and tactical tasks that enable the enterprise to achieve long-term competitive advantages. The article also presents a graphical model that demonstrates the sequence of forming and implementing the investment strategy, starting from defining strategic directions to specifying investment tasks. The conclusions offer recommendations for improving investment management processes that can enhance the overall effectiveness and stability of companies.

EXAMINING INDONESIA'S ISLAMIC COMMERCIAL BANKS HEALTH STATUS USING THE RBBR METHOD

The scientific importance of Indonesia's Islamic banks' state is the focus of this study using a strategy based on the Risk-based Bank Rating technique. This quantitative descriptive research analyzes the health of Indonesia's Islamic commercial banks, namely Bank Syariah Indonesia and Bank Muamalat Indonesia, for the years 2019 to 2022, focusing on the degree of bank health as measured by the RBBR approach. The study's data analysis leads to the conclusion that Bank Syariah Indonesia's overall condition is represented by a Composite Rank 2 (PK-2) of 85% in 2019, meaning that it is deemed "Healthy" and capable of withstanding significant negative influences from changes in business conditions and other external factors. However Bank Muamalat Indonesia's overall composite rating (PK3), or "Healthy Enough," corresponds to the bank's evaluation of its health level from 2019 to 2022 using the Risk-based Bank Rating method, which includes indicators of Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings (Rentability), and Capital as a whole.

FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT AND ITS PECULIARITIES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF MARITAL STATE

The purpose of the article is to substantiate the peculiarities of financial management in the conditions of martial law, which is accompanied by a high level of business risk, as well as to outline the priority directions for making managerial decisions of a financial nature based on adaptation to rapidly changing business conditions in order to achieve the set goals.
 Approaches to determining the essence of financial management are distinguished: based on the use of a systemic approach, as a science of financial management, which involves the development of methods to achieve the goals of the enterprise, in particular, ensuring a strong and stable financial position; as a process primarily related to the management of financial resources; from the position of enterprise asset management.
 It is substantiated that in the conditions of martial law, the main goals and tasks of economic activity, traditional approaches to financial management change.
 The peculiarities of the financial management of the enterprise in the conditions of martial law, which is accompanied by a high level of business risk and the need to adapt to new market realities, are outlined.
 Attention is focused on the need to use non-standard solutions for attracting financial resources through state support programs, international financial assistance, etc. The main types of additional financial opportunities for business from the state, which were developed and proposed recently, are presented.
 The directions of digitization of the financial management of the enterprise are outlined, which involves the use of digital technologies and tools to optimize financial processes, increase the efficiency of management decisions of a financial nature. The significance of the introduction of cloud technologies, automated risk management systems, electronic document management, specialized programs for accounting and reporting, financial analytical tools, electronic banking and electronic payments, cyber security measures for increasing the efficiency of financial management at the enterprise is characterized.

ANALISIS KINERJA KEUANGAN DENGAN MENGUKUR TINGKAT KESEHATAN BANK MENGGUNAKAN METODE RISK PROFILE, GOOD GOVERNANCE, EARNINGS, AND CAPITAL (RGEC) (STUDI KASUS PADA PT BANK TABUNGAN NEGARA (PERSERO) TBK)

This study aims to analyze the financial performance of PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk by measuring the health level of banks using the RGEC method (Risk Profile, Good Corporate Governance, Earnings, and Capital) in accordance with Bank Indonesia Regulation No. 13/PBI/2011. This type of research is quantitative research and uses secondary data sources in the form of annual reports from PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk for 5 years, from 2018 to 2022 downloaded from the Bank BTN website.
 The analysis technique used in this research is descriptive with the method of risk profile, good corporate governance, profitability and capital (RGEC). The results of this study are expected to contribute more comprehensively in weighing and making the right management decisions for PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk in the future from seeing how their financial performance and bank health over the past 5 years. The results showed that PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk for the period 2018-2022 was ranked second with a healthy predicate, which shows that the financial performance of PT Bank Tabungan Negara (Persero) Tbk over the past 5 years has been good and Bank BTN is considered capable of dealing with significant negative influences from changes in business conditions and other external factors.

Method approaches to assessing the adaptation potential of the industrial pharmaceutical enterprise to changing economic conditions

The aim of the article is to develop a methodology for assessing the potential of IPE adaptation to changes in external conditions and internal influencing factors.
 Materials and methods. The research used the methods of theoretical generalization, analysis and synthesis, correlation analysis and expert survey.
 Results. It is proposed to define the essence of the adaptation potential of an industrial pharmaceutical enterprise to changes in business conditions, under which it is appropriate to understand the enterprise's readiness to respond flexibly, quickly, and adequately to changes occurring in the external and internal environment, in order to increase its level of competitiveness. A technique for determining the level of industrial adaptation potential (the technique cannot be a model; the technique is stages that are related to each other) and a ranking model by its degree by parametrization is proposed. Based on the study of scientific works and the experience of global companies, it was determined that the model for ranking the level of adaptation potential by parameterization involves ranking elements according to the degree of readiness of the management system of an industrial pharmaceutical enterprise for adaptation. The components of parameters for assessing the adaptation potential of an industrial pharmaceutical enterprise have been formed. The limits of adaptation potential are defined.
 Conclusions. A methodology for assessing the adaptation potential of industrial pharmaceutical enterprises to the influence of external factors (martial law, the outflow of qualified personnel, a decrease in the purchasing power of the population, etc.) and taking into account the internal capabilities of the enterprise (resources (material, financial, labour, information, service, etc.), organizational structure and management decision-making) with the aim of increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise and its fulfilment of the social component of functioning, namely timely provision of the population with high-quality medicines in full in the right place at affordable prices.

ANALYSIS OF BANK HEALTH LEVELS USING THE RGEC METHOD AT PT BANK PERMATA TBK, PERIOD 2013-2015

This research aims to find out the health level of Bank Permata in the period 2013 - 2015. The type of research used is descriptive research with a quantitative approach. The variables used are Risk Profile which is measured by the NPL and LDR ratio, Good Corporate Governance (GCG) which is measured through self-assessment results, Earnings which is measured through the ROA ratio, and Capital which is measured through the CAR ratio. PT Bank Permata in 2013-2015 was included in composite rating category 1, which reflects the bank's very healthy condition, so it is considered very capable of facing significant negative influences from changes in business conditions and other external factors. Calculations based on the risk profile using the NPL and LDR ratios show a healthy category. The Good Corporate Governance (GCG) assessment is included in the very healthy category. Earnings assessment using the ROA ratio is stated in the quite healthy category. And for the assessment based on Capital using the CAR ratio, it is stated in the very healthy category.

District heating in the future - thoughts on the business model

In this study, we apply a combination of methods for understanding how business models need to change to meet changing business conditions in the future (time horizon 2050). The process of applying the value proposition canvas and the business model canvas for understanding the future business models to the case of district heating has been documented. The energy transition necessitates a combination of new and existing solutions. District heating is one existing and enabling technology. The sector is, however, facing several challenges that will impact the way that business must be conducted in the future. We provide new knowledge about the characteristics of the future district heating business model and illustrate that technical development must be accompanied by business development otherwise the competitiveness of new technology is reduced. Main results show that a high level of digitalisation, enabling customers to make choices that are efficient to the district heating system, is a key future feature. Additionally, co-creation with a small group of dedicated customers will drive the sector's ongoing development. The results from the study are replicable and of relevance to other sectors undergoing large change.