Changes In Rules Research Articles

Study on the application of brine mixing method in lithium extraction from Zabuye salt lake, Tibet

With the rapid development of new energy industry, the demand for lithium resources continues to rise. The salinity-gradient solar pond (SGSP) technology is used to extract the lithium carbonate from Zabuye salt lake brine in the Tibet Plateau of China. Years of production practice proved that due to the unsatisfactory quality and insufficient amount of lithium-rich brine used to make the SGSP, the yield and grade of lithium concentrate in the solar pond has been seriously affected. In this paper, it has been investigated that the change rule of brine composition with different brine mixing ratios through the same/cross-year brine mixing laboratory experiments and the cross-year brine mixing production test. The optimal brine mixing ratio of winter concentrated brine and summer brine, the relevant operation parameters and the yield increase effect of lithium concentrate in the solar pond are obtained. The results show that the cross-year brine mixing method can not only significantly improve the yield and grade of lithium carbonate, but also alleviate the pressure of brine production in salt field. It is suggested that the SGSP technology coupled with the cross-year brine mixing method should be given priority in the production of lithium carbonate in Zabuye mining area.

Experimental study on petrophysical parameters of deep carbonate karst geothermal reservoir in China's Xiong’an New Area

The relationship of P- and S-wave velocities, density, and P-wave velocity provides a physical basis for the interpretation, inversion, and prediction of the well-logging and geophysical data of the carbonate reservoir, which is of great significance for deep geothermal exploration and exploitation. This paper takes the carbonate karst geothermal reservoir in the Niutuozhen geothermal field in North China as the research object, based on the physical property parameters such as P-wave velocity, S-wave velocity, and density obtained by petrophysical experiment and the geophysical exploration data of two-dimensional seismic and well-logging. The change rule of P- and S-wave velocities with temperature and pressure increases in carbonate rock is studied using mathematical statistics. The results show that the P-wave velocity of carbonate rocks increases with the increase in temperature below 50 °C, decreases with the rise in temperature above 50 °C, and tends to be stable above 100 °C. The change rule of S-wave velocity with temperature increasing is not apparent. Both P- and S-wave velocities increase with the increase in surrounding pressure, with the most extensive increase range of 10–15 MPa. At the same time, mathematical models of the P-S wave velocity relation and density-P-wave velocity relation applicable to the study area were also established. The density of the Wumishan formation of the Jixian System in borehole D15 was predicted under the constraint of well-logging. The results were in good agreement with the measured data, which proved the applicability of the constructed petrophysical model in the study area. It helps improve the accuracy and reliability of geophysical exploration data interpretation and reservoir prediction, and it has important practical application and theoretical value.

Impact of Organic and Chemical Fertilizers on Nutrient Co-Migration in Different Types of Ditches of Red Soil Sloping Orchards

The planting of fruit trees on sloping land can bring significant benefits to the local economy, but it also causes different degrees of soil and water erosion problems. In this study, we investigated the differences in nutrient migration in slope ditch runoff. In 39 scouring tests, a grass ditch reduced the loss of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) by intercepting runoff. There was a positive correlation between runoff and the loss rate of N and P. The flow affected the retention time of runoff in the ditch, and then changed the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) loss rate in the runoff. The concentration of N and P did not affect the N and P loss rate, but did affect the total amount of N and P lost and the DOC loss rate in the runoff. The addition of organic fertilizer significantly increased the N loss rate in the runoff, and the change rule of the P and DOC loss rate was similar; thus, co-migration might have occurred. To sum up, the importance of the four factors on the migration and loss of C, N, and P in ditch runoff was as follows: organic fertilizer (100%) > fertilizer concentration (74.8%) > ditch type (12.6%) > initial flow (10%).

Characterising the change rule of freshness and inorganic anions in reconstituted tobacco pulp with oscillation time

In order to study the change rule of freshness and acid ions in reconstituted tobacco slurry, the content changes of 17 organic acids and 5 inorganic anions in reconstituted tobacco slurry with different residence times under confined condition were determined by on-line solid-phase extraction ion chromatography in this study. The results showed that the changes of acetic acid, nitrate ion and isovaleric acid in different reconstituted tobacco slurries with oscillation time were regular and consistent, and the trends of the changes of acetic acid, nitrate ion and isovaleric acid in different reconstituted tobacco slurries with oscillation time were correlated with each other in a highly significant way. Taking the evaluation of olfactory aroma and sensory quality qualities of reconstituted tobacco pulps with different residence times as a benchmark, it was found that the variation patterns of nitrate ions and isovaleric acid in reconstituted tobacco pulps with oscillation time were consistent with the variation patterns of olfactory and sensory qualities in the process of closed oscillation; compared with the fresh pulp, the olfactory aroma and sensory qualities of tobacco pulps had unpleasant odours appearing when the content of nitrate ions was reduced by about 48%. The selection of isovaleric acid and nitrate ion as the characteristic components of tobacco reconstituted pulp for monitoring can provide technology for optimising pulp retention time and production process.

Analisis perhitungan, pemungutan, dan kontribusi pajak mineral bukan logam dan batuan terhadap pajak daerah dan pendapatan asli daerah Kota Tomohon

The Non-Metallic Mineral and Rock Tax is a regional tax in Tomohon City that contributes to Regional Tax and Regional Original Income. This study will determine the mechanism for calculating and collecting Non-Metallic Mineral and Rock Tax in Tomohon City, as well as the contribution of Non-Metallic Mineral and Rock Tax to Regional Taxes and Original Regional Income of Tomohon City in the 2019-2023 period. This study employs a descriptive qualitative analysis method. The study results clearly show that the calculation and collection of Non-Metallic Mineral and Rock Tax in Tomohon City is based on the regulations in force in the region. The average contribution from 2019 to 2023 clearly demonstrates that the criteria for non-metallic mineral and rock tax contributions are very low, both for Regional Taxes and Regional Original Income. A comparison with other regional taxes shows that the contribution of non-metallic mineral and rock taxes to Tomohon Regional Taxes for the 2019-2023 period is either the highest or the lowest. It is clear that the contribution of non-metallic mineral and rock taxes to PAD is insignificant when compared to the total from other PAD sources. The decline in the contribution of non-metallic mineral and rock taxes in Tomohon City is influenced by two main factors: the awareness and honesty of taxpayers in calculating and paying their taxes, as well as committing other fraud that can harm the Tomohon City government. Changes in rules and policies also play a role. If managed properly, the potential contribution of non-metallic mineral and rock taxes in Tomohon City can be maximised.

Meta-analysis of the red advantage in combat sports

Research has previously documented that across a range of Olympic combat sports, wearing red is associated with a higher probability of winning contests, especially when bouts are close. Yet, the hypothesis for a red advantage has not been systematically examined across multiple tournaments. Here, we report 6,589 contest outcomes for boxing, taekwondo, and wrestling from seven Summer Olympic Games (1996–2020) and nine World Boxing Championships (2005–2021). Using meta-analytic techniques, we found 50.5% wins by red for the overall data, which was not a statistically significant bias. Analyses of close contests resulted in 51.5% red wins, also not significantly different from the null expectation of equal proportions. Before 2005, however, when the red advantage was first reported and prior to changes in particular tournament rules, there was some support for a red advantage in close contests, with 56.8% of bouts won by red. It is possible that knowledge of the effect, as well as rule changes in each of the sports, have reduced the chances of a small effect being manifested, leading to the disappearance of the red advantage in competition results.

The Catalytic Degradation of Waste PU and the Preparation of Recycled Materials.

In this paper, we investigated the efficient metal-free phosphorus-nitrogen (PN) catalyst and used the PN catalyst to degrade waste PU with two-component binary mixed alcohols as the alcohol solvent. We examined the effects of reaction temperature, time, and other factors on the hydroxyl value and viscosity of the degradation products; focused on the changing rules of the hydroxyl value, viscosity, and molecular weight of polyols recovered from degradation products with different dosages of the metal-free PN catalyst; and determined the optimal experimental conditions of reaction temperature 180 °C, reaction time 3 h, and PN dosage 0.08%. The optimal experimental conditions were 180 °C, 3 h reaction time, and 0.08% PN dosage, the obtained polyol viscosity was 3716 mPa·s, the hydroxyl value was 409.2 mgKOH/g, and the number average molecular weight was 2616. The FTIR, 1H, NMR, and other tests showed that the waste urethanes were degraded into oligomers successfully, the recycled polyether polyols were obtained, and a series of recycled polyurethanes with different substitution ratios were then prepared. A series of recycled polyurethane materials with different substitution rates were then prepared and characterized by FTIR, SEM, compression strength, and thermal conductivity tests, which showed that the recycled polyurethane foams had good physical properties such as compression strength and apparent density, and the SEM test at a 20% substitution rate showed that the recycled polyol helped to improve the structure of the blisters.

Meninjau Ulang Fatwa Hukum Tubektomi Melalui Pendekatan Baru “Manhaj Bermazhab”

Tubectomy, a permanent contraceptive procedure, generates debate within Islamic law concerning its validity. This study aims to evaluate the legality of tubectomy using a mazhab-based approach through the takhrij method, which is a method for deriving legal rulings from the perspective of Islamic schools of thought. The research critiques views permitting tubectomy based on changes in legal rulings due to changes in 'illat and maslahat mursalah, and compares the fatwas of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI), Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and academic perspectives from Fitri A.N., Akhmad Farid M.S., and Herlina Utami. A qualitative descriptive-analytical method is employed to analyze various sources, including classical fiqh texts and contemporary fatwas. The findings indicate that tubectomy is deemed haram and that the success of rekanalisasi does not alter this ruling. The consistency of this prohibition is based on the fact that reproductive organs cannot return to their natural function without medical intervention, thereby violating Islamic contraceptive principles. This conclusion supports the fatwa of NU which asserts the prohibition of tubectomy and rejects views allowing it under the condition of rekanalisasi. The study offers an in-depth understanding of the legal status of tubectomy and invites further discussion on contraceptive methods within modern Islamic jurisprudence.

Probabilistic cellular automata simulation of microstructure evolution: the role of model parameters on precision and uncertainty

Abstract Probabilistic cellular automata (PCA) is a widely used and cost-efficient method for simulating microstructural evolution. In this method, probabilistic state change rules determine the evolution of cell states at each time step. However, its stochastic nature introduces inherent uncertainty, leading to non-repeatable results. Most microstructural simulation studies assess the accuracy of simulations by comparing predicted results with experimental observations, neglecting uncertainties in mathematical models and algorithms. In this study, the precision and stochastic behavior of microstructure evolution in the PCA simulations were investigated. The probabilities of transformations of cell states at each time step were formulated, and discrete probability distribution functions (dPDF) were introduced to analyze the frequency distribution of simulation outcomes. The performance and consistency of these dPDFs were assessed by comparing statistical analyzes of PCA simulation results with dPDF predictions, revealing that the variance of simulation results is less than that of the binomial distribution function. Additionally, the effects of modeling parameters, such as model size, cellular resolution, and probability distribution of state changes in two- and three-dimensional PCA modeling, on the precision and reliability of simulation results were studied. In PCA models, simulation uncertainty inversely relates to the square root of model size. Furthermore, in 2D simulations, uncertainty is inversely proportional to the square root of the cellular resolution, while in 3D simulations, it is inversely proportional to the cellular resolution itself. These findings provide a simple and computationally efficient method for evaluating PCA simulation uncertainty and determining optimal simulation parameters, including model size, cellular resolution, and dimensionality.

In Medio Stat Virtus: Moderate Cognitive Flexibility as a Key to Affective Flexibility Responses in Long-Term HRV.

This study examines the relationship between cognitive and affective flexibility, two critical aspects of adaptability. Cognitive flexibility involves switching between activities as rules change, assessed through task-switching or neuropsychological tests and questionnaires. Affective flexibility, meanwhile, refers to shifting between emotional and non-emotional tasks or states. Although similar conceptually, prior research shows inconsistent findings on their link, especially regarding physiological and self-reported measures. Affective flexibility was operationalized as changes in heart rate variability (HRV) in response to transitioning affective stimuli, while cognitive flexibility was assessed using self-report questionnaires that captured individuals' perceived adaptability. The findings revealed that individuals with extremely high or low cognitive flexibility displayed similar HRV patterns in response to emotional stimuli, while those with medium levels of cognitive flexibility showed distinct responses. The Extreme group exhibited higher baseline autonomic activation that decreased after exposure, whereas the Average group's moderate baseline activation increased post-stimuli. This interaction was mainly seen in long-term HRV indexes, while short-term indexes showed a uniform response across groups, suggesting that differences in flexibility were probably not discernible via state features but rather as traits and long-term attributes. The findings suggest that cognitive and affective flexibility exist on a continuum; extremely high and low cognitive flexibility is linked to intense affective responses, while moderate cognitive flexibility corresponds to balanced physiological regulation, supporting the notion that "in medio stat virtus" (virtue lies in moderation).

Assessing an experimental rule change in the pay-offs for soccer league match outcomes using historical data for Ireland

IntroductionThis paper evaluates an experimental rule change trialed in the League of Ireland for one season in the early 1980s, where four points were awarded for an away win, three for a home win, two for an away draw, and one for a home draw. This pay-off structure was designed to incentivize visiting teams to engage in more offensive play, thus potentially increasing the number of goals scored per game and reducing the incidence of drawn games.MethodsUsing match-level data for six playing seasons, the impact of this reward scheme on an array of match-level outcomes is evaluated using an array of fixed effects regression models.Results and discussionThe key empirical findings suggest this change to the pay-off structure did not reduce the drawn game rate but did induce a modest increase in the average goal scoring of the home team with subsequent implications for average goal difference. The absence of an effect for the visiting team is rationalized in terms of prospect theory, and the asymmetric implication of the policy change for the respective loss aversion parameters of the home and the visiting teams. In addition, we also use a lottery framework to further demonstrate why the short-lived pay-off structure failed in its primary objective to incentivize visiting teams to engage in more offensive play.

Temperature Sensitivity of Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions in Tea Plantations at Different Elevations

To solve the problems that the response of nitrous oxide （N2O） emissions to warming may be different in different biological communities and the uncertainty of its response to warming may be aggravated by the high heterogeneity of tea plantation soils, an incubation experiment at five elevations of tea plantation soils [537 m（E1）, 433 m（E2）, 350 m（E3）, 308 m（E4）, and 238 m（E5）] and three temperatures （15, 25, and 30 ℃） was conducted for 35 days to explore the temperature sensitivity of N2O in different tea plantation soils and the driving factors. The results showed that elevated temperature could promote soil N2O emissions at different elevations, but the effect was inconsistent at different elevations. Specifically, elevated temperature decreased the cumulative N2O emissions in the E1 treatment, but the difference was not significant. At the same time, the cumulative N2O emissions in the E2-E5 treatments were increased, especially in the E3-E5 treatments. The Q10 values of N2O in the tea plantation soils at different elevations were significantly different, ranging from 0.90 to 4.98, with E4 > E5 > E3 > E2 > E1. The multiple regression model analysis showed that 97.4% of the variation in N2O temperature sensitivity was explained by soil physicochemistry and microorganisms, and N2O temperature sensitivity was significantly positively correlated with bacterial beta diversity PCoA1. In conclusion, increasing temperature can promote the N2O emissions in tea plantation soils at different elevations, but there is no consistent change rule between elevation and N2O temperature sensitivity, and N2O temperature sensitivity is mainly affected by the bacterial beta diversity.

Real-time monitoring of bioelectrical impedance for minimizing tissue carbonization in microwave ablation of porcine liver

The charring tissue generated by the high temperature during microwave ablation can affect the therapeutic effect, such as limiting the volume of the coagulation zone and causing rejection. This paper aimed to prevent tissue carbonization while delivering an appropriate thermal dose for effective ablations by employing a treatment protocol with real-time bioelectrical impedance monitoring. Firstly, the current field response under different microwave ablation statuses is analyzed based on finite element simulation. Next, the change of impedance measured by the electrodes is correlated with the physical state of the ablated tissue, and a microwave ablation carbonization control protocol based on real-time electrical impedance monitoring was established. The finite element simulation results show that the dielectric properties of biological tissues changed dynamically during the ablation process. Finally, the relative change rule of the electrical impedance magnitude of the ex vivo porcine liver throughout the entire MWA process and the reduction of the central zone carbonization were obtained by the MWA experiment. Charring tissue was eliminated without water cooling at 40 W and significantly reduced at 50 W and 60 W. The carbonization during MWA can be reduced according to the changes in tissue electrical impedance to optimize microwave thermal ablation efficacy.

Flexural Behavior of Concrete Members Reinforced with Carbon-Glass Fiber Composite Plate Based on Mechanical Anchoring

This paper presents the bending performance of reinforced concrete (RC) beams reinforced with carbon-glass fiber composite plates of different sizes under mechanical anchorage. The study consisted of the no-reinforced specimen and three reinforced specimens. The studies use a fourth point test method to evaluate the reinforcement effect of the mechanical anchoring carbon-glass fiber composite plate. The test was conducted by measuring the stress and strain of the carbon-glass fiber composite plates between expansion bolts, obtaining the stress distribution characteristics of the carbon-glass fiber composite plates under different load levels, and analyzing the change rule of stress in the plate. Analyze the plastic characteristics of the compression failure and the change of the ductility of the test members, and study the effect of mechanically anchored carbon-glass fiber composite plates reinforced concrete samples on the ductility of the original samples. The results of load-deflection and load-strain analyses show that carbon-glass fiber composite plate reinforcement is more effective. The test results show that the bolted anchorage carbon-glass fiber composite plates can improve the stiffness of the reinforced specimen and inhibit the development rate of concrete cracks in the tensile zone, which reflects the superiority of the mechanical bolted anchorage reinforcement form. The ultimate bending resistance of the mechanically anchored carbon-glass fiber composite plate is significantly improved. With the reasonable increase of the carbon-glass fiber composite plate, the flexural performance of the specimen beam was gradually enhanced. The computational analysis model of the bending reinforcement specimen was established, and the damage morphology of the member was analyzed. The researchers have proposed a theoretical model for calculating the positive section capacity of mechanically reinforced concrete members, and the test results are in good agreement with the theoretical calculation results of the bending capacity proposed in this paper.

Cortex-wide characterization of decision-making neural dynamics during spatial navigation.

Decision-making during freely moving behaviors involves complex interactions among many cortical and subcortical regions. However, the spatiotemporal coordination across regions to generate a decision is less understood. Using a head-mounted widefield microscope, cortex-wide calcium dynamics were recorded in mice expressing GCaMP7f as they navigated an 8-maze using two paradigms. The first was an alternating pattern that required short term memory of the previous trial to make the correct decision and the second after a rule change to a fixed path in which rewards were delivered only on the left side. Identification of cortex-wide activation states revealed differences between the two paradigms. There was a higher probability for a visual/retrosplenial cortical state during the alternating paradigm and higher probability of a secondary motor and posterior parietal state during left-only. Three state sequences (motifs) illustrated both anterior and posterior activity propagations across the cortex. The anterior propagating motifs had the highest probability around the decision and posterior propagating motifs peaked following the decision. The latter, likely reflecting internal feedback to influence future actions, were more common in the left-only paradigm. Therefore, the probabilities and sequences of cortical states differ when working memory is required versus a fixed trajectory reward paradigm.

Monitoring and Analysis of Circumferential Pressure for Long‐Distance Pipe Jacking Construction in Composite Strata

ABSTRACTAt present, the monitoring methods of mechanical parameters of pipe in the process of pipe jacking construction generally have the disadvantages of low data reliability and poor timeliness. Especially in the jacking construction in complex strata, if the jacking parameters and lubrication grouting parameters cannot be adjusted in real time according to the circumferential pressure, it is easy to cause pipe sticking accident. Based on the Inner Mongolia Water Diversion Project from ChaorHe to Liaoning, this paper adopts the LPWA low‐power wide‐area network wireless sensing system based on 5G and IOT technology to realize the real‐time wireless monitoring of the contact pressure and lubrication grouting pressure of the underground pipe jacking pipe. Through the parameters obtained by the wireless sensing system, the stress characteristics of a specific pipe traversing different strata and under different working conditions were studied, and the change rule of circumferential contact pressure of the pipe and the influence of various factors on it were analyzed. The results show that: by analyzing the circumferential contact pressure obtained by the wireless sensing system, the pressure distribution of the pipe in the top soft and bottom hard strata is right>left>bottom>top; in the full‐section strata, the destruction of the lubricating mud sleeve will lead to the same contact pressure on one side and the bottom of the pipe; when the pipe traverse the interfaces of different rock strata, the stability of the lubricating mud sleeve will be affected, and thus the circumferential contact pressure will be altered. The above results are consistent with the theoretical prediction and can provide reference for the actual project. In conclusion, the wireless sensing system can accurately reflect the distribution of circumferential contact pressure of the pipe under different strata, and provide reliable data support for improving construction efficiency and safety.

Syrian Immigrants in the Malta Bazaar of Istanbul: Changing Rules of the Trade Game and Negotiation between the Capitals

ABSTRACT This article examines the socio-spatial transformations of the Malta Bazaar in Istanbul and the new Syrian shopkeepers as potential game changers. We argue that the transformation of the bazaar cannot be seen solely as a commercial venture, but can also be read as a dynamic playground of understanding and tolerance, as well as emerging social, cultural and economic contrasts and tensions. To test these arguments, we designed a field study with an ethnographic approach. The central theme of our research is to read the role of Syrians in the social reproduction of space through potential changes in the rules of the game in a micro-space. We adopted Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of field and habitus to relate the micro-level experiences of actors in space to broader macro contexts. As a result, we concluded that the change in the rules of the game should be defined as a process of mutual uneasiness. What happens in the field at this stage is an attempt to fit into a single space where negotiation rather than cooperation is more prominent and mutual compromises are inevitably made.

Experimental study on influencing factors of force change of slender submerged body under internal solitary wave

Internal Wave (IW) is a kind of wave that occurs below the sea surface. Compared with surface wave, the force applied to underwater structures is more destructive. This paper experimentally investigates the interaction process between Internal Solitary Wave (ISW) and submerged body, and proposes two new dimensionless parameters and uses these two dimensionless parameters to analyze the force of the submerged body with different ISW amplitude and submerged depth. At the same time, these two dimensionless parameters can be used to classify the lateral force and vertical force of the submerged body. Finally, the influence of velocity and acceleration field on the force of the submerged body is considered. The results show that the extreme value will increase with the increase of ISW amplitude. The variation of horizontal force under d0∗ condition is completely different from that of d+∗ and d−∗. The dimensionless number L∗ affects the action time, and the dimensionless number d∗ affects the change rule of vertical force. The horizontal inertial force plays a dominant role in the horizontal force. When d∗=−1.17, the inertial force plays a dominant role in the vertical force. When d∗>0, the drag force plays a dominant role in the vertical force.

Environmental complexity modulates information processing and the balance between decision-making systems.

Behavior in naturalistic scenarios occurs in diverse environments. Adaptive strategies rely on multiple neural circuits and competing decision systems. However, past studies of rodent decision making have largely measured behavior in simple environments. To fill this gap, we recorded neural ensembles from hippocampus (HC), dorsolateral striatum (DLS), and dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) while rats foraged for food under changing rules in environments with varying topological complexity. Environmental complexity increased behavioral variability, lengthened HC nonlocal sequences, and modulated action caching. We found contrasting representations between DLS and HC, supporting a competition between decision systems. dmPFC activity was indicative of setting this balance, in particular predicting the extent of HC non-local coding. Inactivating mPFC impaired short-term behavioral adaptation and produced long-term deficits in balancing decision systems. Our findings reveal the dynamic nature of decision-making systems and how environmental complexity modulates their engagement with implications for behavior in naturalistic environments.

Enhancing NH3-SCR denitrification performance through synergistic A- and B-site effects via CeFe modification of LaMnO3

ABO3 type perovskite catalysts are widely used in NH3-SCR to remove NOx due to excellent low-temperature reduction performance. To study the synergistic effect of A and B sites on the structure, morphology and redox performance of modified perovskite catalysts (La1-xCexMn1-yFeyO3), LaMnO3 perovskite catalysts were co-doped with CeFe by sol-gel method, and the crystal structure, surface chemical environment, optimal metal co-doping ratio and surface adsorption of the modified perovskite catalysts were clarified through various characterizations. In addition, through first-principles calculations, the differential charge density and binding energy of each doping system were analyzed, the relationship between the difficulty of Ce doping and the electronic population of Mn atoms and the redox ability of the catalyst was discussed, and the key bond types and their changing rules in perovskite catalytic reduction were clarified. The results showed that co-doping Ce and Fe could improve the denitrification efficiency and sulfur resistance of the catalyst. When the Fe doping ratio is 0.1, the denitrification activity is the highest. Among them, the La0.9Ce0.1Mn0.9Fe0.1O3 catalyst showed the most favorable active acid site distribution and the best reduction performance, which was conducive to the adsorption and redox of gas molecules on the catalyst surface. At the same time, when the A and B sites were co-doped, the electron transferred mainly occurs between Ce ions and Fe ions, forming a synergistic effect and changing the covalent components between Mn-O and Fe-O bonds. This made the valence states of Mn and Fe ions more, enhanced the catalytic activity of perovskite, and promoted the redox of NO on the catalyst surface, thus providing a new idea for the redox reaction pathway of modified perovskite catalysts.