Challenges Of Good Governance Research Articles

COVID 19 Pandemic: Religious Leadership and the Challenges of Good Governance in Nigeria

The paper focuses on the effects of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 in Nigeria as relates to issues of religion and the challenges of good governance. The recent outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in most countries of the world, which culminated in governments across the globe, instituting measures of lockdown as a means of containing the spread of the virus, appears to be a perceptible assessment for the religious institutions to re-evaluate their allegiance and commitment to good governance in Nigeria. The paper is a qualitative assessment of the issues of religious beliefs and the challenges of good governance in Nigeria as undergirded by the outbreak of coronavirus pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic, which resulted in social distancing and banning of congregational religious activities in most countries of the world, was seen as a threat to religious activities by some religious groups and leadership in Nigeria. This notion consequently led to various utterances and actions that challenged the responsive efforts of government in containing the virus. The paper argues that such conducts are inimical to state public health measures and good governance in Nigeria. It, therefore, surmises that religious groups, particularly their leaders, need to discontinue from complicating an already challenged political leadership of the country, rather they should endeavour to use their enormous influence and contribute towards good governance by controlling faith-based emotions, synergizing and assisting the government, especially in such difficult time in history as presented by the pandemic. If religious sentiments are significantly controlled, democratic governance in Nigeria will fare better.

Nigerian State, Leadership Deficiency and the Challenges of Good Governance in the Fourth Republic.

State is essentially created to provide and sustain good governance for its citizenry. The ability of the state to fulfill this fundamental responsibility is greatly depended on the physical, social and political capacity of the leaders entrusted with the management of the affairs of the state. Significantly, the nature and quality of leadership and governance in any state determines to a large extent how such state will be socially described, politically evaluated and economically rated among the comity of nations within the global community. Consequently, every state strives to ensure that its leadership recruitment processes is jealously guided and protected by the essential qualities capable of engendering good governance and ensuring effective service delivery system. Nigerian state has been battling with leadership and governance crisis since independence without any strong hope of surmounting these unending challenges as poverty, insecurity, corruption and the like continued unabated. With this ugly and unceasing situation, one is forced to ask the following questions; one, despite various policy attempts and ceaseless use of resources at ensuring good governance by successive governments in Nigeria, why has it been so difficult to achieve? to what has been responsible for this never-ending leadership debacle in Nigeria in spite of series of implemented reforms on leadership recruitment? Based on the foregoing, the study examined critically leadership recruitment and governance processes in Nigeria with the intention of identifying the various factors that are strongly responsible for leadership deficiency and the apparent failure of governance in the last decades. The study adopted Elite theory for its analysis. The study employed the use of existing data from texts, journals, magazines, conference proceedings, newspapers, bulletins, published and unpublished theses and the internet to source its information. The study observed that leadership deficiency has been responsible for governance crisis in Nigeria, and therefore recommended cultivation of public interest, constitutionalism, integrity, accountability and transparency as panacea to good leadership and governance.

Practices and Challenges of Good Governance Packages in Bule Hora Town Water Supply, West Guji Zone, Ethiopia

The issue of good governance has become a concern of scholars across the world. Developing countries like Ethiopia are affected by the challenges of good governance because of weak mitigation mechanisms. Specifically, the issues of water governance have gotten the attention of scholars recently. This research scrutinizes the Bule Hora town’s status of water and the practices and challenges of good governance in the water supply. The study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods. A researcher selected a sample of 99 participants from Bule Hora town households through a systematic random sampling technique. Findings show that the Bule Hora town's water coverage is 53.3%. The inefficiency of labor and ineffectiveness of the office to supply sufficient water challenge the town's water supply good governance. Moreover, the participation of the community in water governance could be higher besides problems of electric fluctuation, shortage of skilled workforce and manager rotation, financial constraints, and political interference in the water governance activity affecting the water provision of the town. It concluded that the level of effectiveness could be higher because Bule Hora town cannot supply pure water for residents with minimum cost, effort, and time. It recommends that the town diversify the water sources to increase the inhabitants' effective and efficient water supply. Further, the town needs to raise the participation of residents in water governance and activity.

New Partnership for Africa’s Development (NEPAD) and the Challenges of Good Governance in Africa: An Appraisal of the Nigeria’s Democratic Journey in the Fourth Republic (1999-Date)

Though, Nigeria’s attempt to democratize its political space in the wake of the virtual continent-wide embrace of democracy following the demise of the cold-war was greeted with some attendant political stalemates. The impasse of the June 12th 1993 and the elongated transition to civil-rule programs of the Nigerian military government marked some turning points in the Nigeria’s journey towards democratic governance. The eventual departure of the Nigerian military from the political stage in 1999 and the birthing of democratic government only came into after the abrupt end of the cold war and the bipolar world system which, marked the triumphant emergence of the western liberal democracy, the final withdrawal of the Nigerian military from politics in 1999 and the formation of a democratic administration took over a decade to materialize. However, Nigeria , a leading proponent member-nation of the African home-grown initiative of NEPAD is today, challenged by a myriad of contending problems, arising paradoxically from some of the agenda with which NEPAD as a multilateral platform for the African nations has been put in place to address . This paper is essentially literature-based and therefore, attempts to historicize the Nigeria’s journey and its travails of democratization, as well as, the contradictions, which have also put to interrogation, the country’s democratic credentials amidst its crises of governance. The paper noted that, for Nigeria as a leading country on the continent, there is need for the self cleansing of its domestic polity and the civic space in keeping faith to the sacred creed of sowing the seed of democracy and consolidating such on the African continent.

In the Name of Covid-19

In late February 2020, the democratically-elected Pakatan Harapan’s coalition government was toppled, arguably through a self-inflicted coup, by its component party Bersatu which brokered a deal with its allies from within and outside of the coalition. Based on a synthesis from Bridget Welsh’ ideas on political mandate and Andreas Schedler’s new institutionalism, this article explores how the royal mandate was taken advantage of by the newly formed coalition government, the Perikatan Nasional (PN), in confronting challenges for its survival by resorting to authoritarianism, blanketed by its policies to tackle the Covid-19 pandemic. It is argued that, however, the pandemic brought an adverse effect to PN’s regime integrity in a way that it had both became the source of regime sustainability and regime subversion. While the democratic reversal is clearly apparent, the Muhyiddin’s administration failure to effectively deal with the challenges of good governance during the pandemic had eventually led to its own demise.

Challenges and Opportunities of Good Governance in Effective Service Delivery: In Case of Ethiopia Some Selected Woredas in Hadiya Zone

This paper investigates the challenges and opportunities of good governance in effective service delivery: in case of selected woredas in Hadiya zone. The study used survey method using a structured questionnaire which was administered on 150 sample respondents which are participants in three sectors. This study includes three sectors namely such as municipality, urban development and justice office taken for the study by using purposive and census techniques. After the data collected, it was analyzed by using descriptive statistics like tables and graphs. Based on findings, the following recommendations are forwarded: All concerned s bodies should work on the challenges of good governance by providing different training, research, advocacy, consulting on opportunities and challenging issues of good. Promoting the indigenous values identified with governance practices in the sectors. DOI: 10.7176/PPAR/12-4-01 Publication date: June 30 th 2022

Impact of Good Governance on Social and Economic Development in Rwanda

The purpose of this study was assessed the impact of good governance on social and economic development in Rwanda. The specific objectives: To determine the impact of good governance on social and economic development brought by Rwanda Governance Board; To analyze challenges facing good governance for social and economic development at Rwanda Governance Board and To establish relationship between good governance and social-economic development in Rwanda. This study was designed as a case study of Rwanda Governance Board using the survey method; a case study was described as analysis of the impact of good governance on social and economic development in Rwanda, assuming that the researcher acquired knowledge regarding the subject under review from in-depth exploration of a single case. It was qualitative analysis that involves careful observation of a situation. All the respondents from the population of different sectors to respond to research questionnaires. The researcher used questionnaires to collect data, As far as this study was concerned, the population was comprised by 145 employees, administrators and policy makers from Rwanda Governance Board. To describe target population of a study as the point of focus from which a generalization was made regarding the research findings. Thus, a sample size of 60 respondents as citizens and staffs from three sectors were considered representative of the total population. I used primary and secondary data to get all information needed in this study, the quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics after running the data collected through the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The first research objective or research question was to determine the impact of good governance on social and economic development brought by Rwanda Governance Board, the findings of the study discovered that good governance has major contributed to the development of the rest of socio-economic sectors in the country. However, the results of the study shows that the whole civil servants’ been taking part the bad governance which led in destruction of social development, but the responsibility of that bad things have taking the government workers. The second research objective or research question where was to analyze challenges facing good governance for social and economic development at Rwanda Governance Board, therefore the findings of the study exposed that there were a lot of consequence of lack or bad governance which caused corruption fraud and embezzlement, on the other hand public lost their confidence of government institutions. Finally the research objective or research question were understand the significance relationship between good governance and social-economic development in Rwanda, the nature an administrative requirement of good governance may be poorly understood both by the top government organizations and the civil servants besides that the general weakness of accountability and luck of transparency are the challenges of good governance in RGB, besides that most of politicians and civil servant and community members admitted the importance of applying the principal of good governance to enhance economic and social development. Firstly, by in a straight line forthcoming legislative body of the influential as well as civil society, should maintain and implement the principles of good governance to eliminate to rebuild and develop for the country and its people. Secondly, civil servants and politicians should change their attitude through driving fuel for bad governance in the country to eradicate to poverty, in order to create employment opportunities. Thirdly, since there is lack of the principles of good governance, government should establish and implement in a quality control systems be done which will assure transparency and efficiency, also to increase economic development must improve the economic mechanism whose focus is to renew mechanisms and policies so as to release radically productive forces, expand domestic and foreign markets in order to get well infrastructures.

Public Policy Management and Good Governance: Challenges and the Way Forward

The world is facing extraordinary challenges. Policymakers are attempting to develop institutions that are able to cope with rapid changes in demographics, the environment, and the economy. Policymakers are part of the system in which governments operate. Numerous external and internal pressures continuously attack this structure. Exogenous changes or fresh knowledge caused policies to be reversed or revised more frequently than necessary. In India, policymakers are confronted with an increasing number of issues caused by various types of complexity. In this complex environment, the demand for good policy making is steadily increasing. The objective of this paper is to study various facets and dimensions of good governance from public policy perspective. The paper also explores the public policy alternatives and methods to address the issues and challenges of good governance in India. During the discussion, the authors found that corruption and poor capacity building are main impediments in establishing good governance which in turn hampers the efficiency and equity in the provision of public services, thereby weakening the enforcement mechanism of public policy management principles. The paper also revealed that for effective public policy management and administration, there is a dire need to formulate and implement stringent rules and regulations against the menaces like illegal use of force, corruption, bureaucratic bungling, criminalisation of politics and other constraints hampering good governance. Therefore, to create checks and balances across tiers of government and to correct the existing distortions, the paper suggests reform strategies such as decentralisation of public services through participation of private sector, involvement of poor people in state sponsored development programmes, outcome orientation and having women representation in democratic institutions for ensuring good governance. In order to accomplish these desired social changes, enacting strong legislation with severe penalties and its rigorous execution is the need of the hour.

Good Governance Practices and Challenges in Local Government of Ethiopia: The Case of Bonga Town Administration

This study sought to assess the practice and challenges of good governance in Bonga Town Administration. A descriptive research method was utilized. Respondents are selected by purposive and convenience sampling techniques. Quantitative data was gathered through a questionnaire. Pertinent to qualitative information, structured interview, and FGD are employed. Then, data analyzed through quantitative and qualitative methods. Finally, the study disclosed a low level of accountability and transparency in the town administration. Pervasive corruption is also perceived as a key governance problem in the town; however, due to fear of reprisal citizens lack experience in exposing corruption. In sum poor service delivery, the gap between local government representatives and the town people, high level of rent-seeking, weak political leadership, lack of timely response for a public interest, and public disengagement in shared affairs were found to be challenges of good governance. Henceforth, based on the findings, it is concluded that the current good governance practice in Bonga Town Administration is weak and identified with a high level of rent-seeking among public servants as well as appointed and elected authorities. This research argues for the existence of governance which ensures public engagement in decision making and prioritization of shared problems, accompanied by transparent and accountable administration.

The Challenges of Good Governance: The Case of Fukushima Nuclear Disaster

후쿠시마 원전재난은 지난 2011년도에 일어났다. 그러나, 일본의 아베 정부는 좋은 거버넌스 (Good Governance)의 원칙들을 따르는데 실패했고, 국제 인권 규범들을 준수하는데 에도 실패했다. 본 논문은 아베 정부의 이러한 좋은 거버넌스 실패들에 의해 특히 여성, 아동, 그리고 원전 근로자들이 얼마나 취약했는지를 증명해 보고자 한다. 현재 일본의 아베 정부는 좋은 거버넌스 (Good Governance)의 원칙들을 따르고 국제 인권규범들을 준수함으로써 원전 재난 이후 거버넌스를 총제적으로 개선시켜 나가야만 한다.

Democratic Culture and the Challenges of Good Governance in Nigeria

The extant political culture in any given social formation to some extent, conditions largely the nature of government and subsequently the behaviour of citizenry and survival of the state. Consequently, in a democratic system, the political culture supportive and sustainable to stable democracy is the civic culture which emphasizes citizen's active participation in the political process. This paper, therefore, argues that the extent to which political culture in Nigeria is bankrupt and parochial will be solved from revisiting the demographic cultural ethics of the nation. The paper adopts structural functionalism by Almond & Powell (1966), as popularized by Donald Struck (1968), and Defleur, (1977). as the theoretical framework of analysis. The theory perceives governance within the context of society as a system that is made up of interdependent parts tending towards stability. That an understanding of any part of the society requires an analysis of its relationship to other parts and the contributions to the maintenance and development of society. It assumes that good governance is a consequence of a functional relationship between the arms of government midwife by a good democratic culture. The paper adopts qualitative analysis and generated data only from secondary sources like published and unpublished articles, thesis, and textbooks. Analysis of data reveals that the hurries arising therefrom, stunts sustainable political engineering and constraints good governance in the country even as the paper recommends amongst other things, a review of the 1999 constitution as amended to address issues such as revenue allocation based on resource control/derivation principle, to ensure the practice of true federalism.

English

Corruption is perhaps the biggest challenge to Nigeria’s development and the integrity of the country’s fiscal monetary system. Since independence in 1960, corruption has been a destabilizing factor in the country’s progress. It however gained pronounced ascendancy during the Second Republic, forcing a greater percentage of the country’s population into serious economic hardship leading to the introduction of the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). This malignant pandemic has not abetted till date. This paper interrogates corruption and fiscal federalism in Nigeria through an analysis of the federal budgetary process from 1999 to 2016. It adopts the political economy approach as the theoretical framework. The study recommends amongst others that the political elites must rise to the challenges of good governance, by waging wars against corruption through institutional strengthening and patriotism by all citizens. Key words: Budget, budgeting process, corruption, federalism, fiscal federalism.

Legal and Corporate Governance Framework for Islamic Banks in Pakistan

As custodians and trustees of public money, Islamic banking institutions (IBIs) must have a good reputation that cannot be achieved without a strong legal and corporate governance (CG) framework. The base for good governance inside financial institutions including IBIs in any jurisdiction is provided by the legal framework of the country, since the respective roles and responsibilities of corporate governance players inside IBIs are derived from the established law. In this study, the general legal and corporate governance framework for the banking sector in Pakistan is discussed. It is found that unfortunately the Islamic banking sector, which has great potential, is functioning without a proper legal cover which is a challenge for good governance as well as transaction implementation of IBIs, especially for the unilateral promises by the counterparties and hence for their soundness in future. Therefore, proper law must be promulgated, wherein all the respective roles and responsibilities of different CG players are declared mandatory, followed by punitive consequences in instances of non-compliance by them. Also, all the transactions should be given legal validation, which should resolve the issue of breaching any of the different contracts by the counterparties, especially their unilateral promises.

Prospects and challenges of Good governance in the realm of service delivery

The main objective of the study is to assess the report of the office of urban planning practice of good governance in shire Municipality located in Tigray regional state ,Ethiopia .Accordingly, transparency and responsiveness which are the main indicators of good governance had used to assess the governance situation in the public institutions’ of land administration office . The research design and strategy of the study was qualitative and quantitative. The study used 153 purposely selected sample respondents from the selected sub cities that are Ayder and Hawelti sub cities. In order to gather the necessary data from the sample respondents, Questionnaire and interview were used as data collection tools. In this regard descriptive statistics was employed to analyze the data obtained via questionnaire. The qualitative data was analyzed by making use of descriptions and interpretations. The findings of the study show that there is lack of accessibility of information, corruption and rent seeking behavior from the bureaucrats, delay of decisions, lack of openness and low satisfaction from the constituents and irresponsiveness are considered the main hindrances’ of good governance with regard to service delivery.

Challenges of Good Governance in the European Union

Challenges of Good Governance in the European Union

Social Contextualisation of Governance: An Analysis

Governance is simply the action or manner of governing a state, organisation etc. Thus governance refers to a process of governing. From the smallest social organisation of a family to the largest socio-political organisation of a state, the issue of governance is all about right decision-making in a right manner. The most formal entity of governance is a government, which is a body having sole responsibility and authority to make binding decisions in a given geo-political system. Thus the issues and challenges of good governance are of paramount importance for the citizens of a state. Then the institution of governance must be so rooted in the dynamics of the Indian society so that all the stakeholders of governance get involved and interact, and make decisions regarding collective issues and create or reinforce social norms and institutions through public participation.

English

The landmark of good governance in order to bring sustainable development in Ethiopia was the ratification of 1995 Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) constitution. Within this constitution, the individual and group rights of people were protected, indicators of good governance was identified and mentioned and recognitions for different institutions were given. Even though the constitution was drafted with different rights, the implementation was not as much as it was expected. In order to bring sustainable development, good governance is so important. To conduct the study only secondary data were used. Different relevant data’s on the issues were systematically collected from books, magazines, newspapers, internet, articles, journals, and different report. However those data were critically reviewed and analyzed. Good governance is the precondition for sustainable development. In this paper, the researcher tried to identify the indicator of good governance such as legitimacy of the government, community participation, local empowerment, accountability, transparency, democratic institutions and freedom of media. Different challenges of good governance were identified. These are excessive poverty, population growth and high unemployment combined with a high incidence of HIV/AIDS. Fallow opportunities such as improper utilization of natural resources, lack of proper utilizations of different democratic institutions were also identified. Different measures were taken to overcome those challenges. The strategies such as government and institutions should work together, devise ways and means of sharing of national wealth, avoid failed state, insure discipline and organization, encourage culture of completion and innovation and fight corruption. These strategies are adopted by government, institutions, non state actors and individual members. Key words: Good governance, sustainable development, linkage.

Jak zarządzać zmieniającą się Europą: wyzwania nie tylko instytucjonalne

After the crisis, the European Union is more cohesive and capable of looking for good unconventional solutions which, however, arouse substantial controversy. The crisis led to a reform, unprecedented in scale, of European integration mechanisms. The European Commission will now have greater responsibility in areas related to managing the economy in the euro zone. The European Council took on a quasi-legislative role. The European Parliament continues to live up to its competencies, which were significantly increased by the Lisbon Treaty. The role of the ECB has also changed, and it is now involved, among others, in uniform supervision as well as in bank restructuring and establishing an orderly bank bankruptcy system. In recent years, certain policy areas managed at the national level have been Europeanized. The EU participates in the process of deciding on national budgets, which causes defiance and inevitably leads to a search for a formula based on dual legitimacy through the cooperation between the EP and national parliaments. The latter have also become European actors through the subsidiarity control mechanism. Another challenge for good governance in an integrating Europe is the decision-making system for the revision of the Treaties. In the event of absence of unanimity, solutions are adopted that assume the form of internationalagreements which hardly respect the criteria of democratic legitimacy. The Treaties guarantee the transparency of the process and the participation of European or national institutions in decision-making as part of democratic governance mechanisms. Any departure not only from the Community-based method, but also from the Treatybased ones, deprives the integration process of these guarantees.

Challenges of Good Governance and Sustainable Development in Democratic Nigeria

The research examined the governments‟ failure in achieving good governance and sustainable development. How leaders have used their latent functions in governance and its resultant consequence. How investment in education and human capital development could solve the problem of good governance and sustainable development. The paper therefore focuses on the education sector and human capital development, using secondary sources of data. In conclusion, the research offers education and human capital development as the key remedies to the challenges of good governance and sustainable development in a democratic Nigeria.

Challenges of Good Governance and Sustainable Development in a Democratic Nigeria

The research examined the governments’ failure in achieving good governance and sustainable development. How leaders have used their latent functions in governance and its resultant consequence. How investment in education and human capital development could solve the problem of good governance and sustainable development. The paper therefore focuses on the education sector and human capital development, using secondary sources of data. In conclusion, the research offers education and human capital development as the key remedies to the challenges of good governance and sustainable development in a democratic Nigeria.