Communication Chain Research Articles

КОГНИТИВНЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЦЕПОЧКИ КОММУНИКАЦИИ «ВИЗУАЛЬНЫЙ СТИМУЛ»-«ВЕРБАЛЬНЫЙ ПЕРЕСКАЗ» НА ПРИМЕРЕ «ФИЛЬМА О ГРУШАХ» У. ЧЕЙФА

Perception of an event is the daily activity of the human brain, which allows us to see the world not just as separate unrelated phenomena, but as some continuous sequence of interconnected actions of specific characters. Attempts to analyze the structure of perception of an event have been made since 1929. and with varying intensity they continued and continue until our time. The complexity of the phenomenon itself suggests the need for multimodal integration of individual elements of perception to be represented in the brain and requires the creation of tools for its analysis. In 1975, W. Chafe and his colleagues created a film design, the plot of which allowed researchers in a variety of directions to study this complex phenomenon. The film became universal material for different groups of scientists, and in domestic research it was called “The Pear Stories”. The goal of this work was to create a coding system that makes it possible to combine film frames with the subjects’ retelling of them, and by pairwise comparison of these encoded elements to create bicomponent models for describing the cognitive processes underlying the retelling. It turned out that in the Stimulus-Storyteller communication chain the semantic categories “heroes” and “infrastructure” are most consistently transmitted. It has been proven that the ratio of a large volume of text with a low interpretive task is a condition for the most complete transfer of content. It was discovered that in the process of retelling, the description of plot scenes is lost to a greater extent compared to the description of background scenes.

School in the Cultural Discourse of Real Virtuality

Objectives of the research: The purpose of the theoretical research is to understand the importance of school in the culture of real virtuality and to point out the challenges that this phenomenon poses to pedagogy, especially school pedagogy. The research question is as follows: Does understanding the nature of the relationship between contemporary media and the partners of school dialogue help us better understand the changing educational reality which relies heavily on modern technologies and enable more accurate planning of pedagogical interactions?
 Research methods: The study used the desk research method, which involves compiling, analyzing and processing data from existing sources, and then formulating conclusions based on them regarding the problem under study. A meta-analysis of the concepts and categories comprising the title research problem was performed using interdisciplinary sources and selected international reports.
 Brief description of the context of the issue: The article presents a discourse analysis of the place of school in the culture of virtual reality (VR). The basic features of this culture are described within the paradigm of informationism, in which modern digital technology enables the integration of all modes of communication. Attention is paid to the interactive nature of hypermedia and its specific logic of flow beyond time and historical context. The role of the recipient of the message in the communication chain is highlighted as the one who ultimately gives it meaning in accordance with their own perception and experience of reality. The dialogical nature of communication in virtual space and polyphony leading to the creation of hypertexts that combine multiple narratives is emphasized.
 Research findings: The results show the importance of the links between the school’s implementation of basic educational and teaching functions and the tools offered by modern digital technologies. The special role of the teacher in the process of preparing students to discuss media messages and discover their polemical nature is revealed.
 Conclusions and/or recommendations: The analysis made it possible to formulate the tasks facing contemporary schools in terms of preparing young people to consciously and actively engage in the multimedia system of communication according to its logic, language and methods of encoding meanings. The importance of a dialogical, open and creative attitude of the teacher in the process of forming empowered participants of communication in the culture of real virtuality is emphasized.

Design of VHF Horizontal Polarization Omnidirectional Antenna

Horizontally-polarized antennas are usually used in the system of polarization diversity to improve the performance of communication chain and its reliability. Furthermore, the bandwidth of the antenna openly governs the rates of data communication. In order to meet the engineering requirements of high rates for data transmission and multi-band communication, the antenna bandwidth of the communication system needs to be further increased. In this paper we present the scheme of an omnidirectional loop antenna for horizontally-polarized systems. The research status of the horizontally-polarized omnidirectional antenna, and the working principle and radiation characteristics of the small loop antenna are elaborated in detail. The field expression of the loop antenna is deduced from the wave equation, and the characteristics of the far-field and the near-field of the loop antenna are analyzed. On the basis of theoretical analysis, a practical loop antenna is researched and developed for the demands of wireless communication engineering applications. Moreover, we present the related loop antenna technology and how to implement it. The radiation pattern of the antenna is obtained through computer simulations. Our empirical results show that the small loop antenna based on capacitive loading can realize the radiation characteristics of the horizontal polarization omnidirectional pattern. The small loop antenna has the advantages of small size and easy portability, and the small loop antenna operating in the resonant state has a high Q value, which gives it better frequency selectivity. The design and research of this paper have important reference significance for the engineering design and application of the VHF band horizontally-polarized omnidirectional antenna.

COMMUNICATIVE PARADIGM OF A LITERARY WORK: THE MEGATEXT STRUCTURE OF THE ORIGINAL AND ITS FOREIGN LANGUAGE TRANSFORM

The annotated study is devoted to the analysis of the phenomenon of the communicative paradigm, that is, the totality of a certain literary work and its communicative transform — a translated version in the unity of all existing megatext components. The object of the comparative study was the reference megatext, which included the main text of Y. Harari’s monograph “Sapiens. A Brief History of Humankind” and its auxiliary text messages: footnotes, comments, etc., and its communicative transform, megatextual Ukrainian version: Ю. Харарі, «Sapiens. Людина розумна. Коротка історія людства» in a combination of the main and auxiliary communicative components. The list of the latter turned out to be non-identical in the reference text and its communicative transform. The analysis highlighted the presence of two opposite tendencies of communicative transformations that appear as a result of the involvement of additional communicative figures (those of the translator and the editor of the Ukrainian edition of the work) in the communicative chain of the addresser (author)–the original text–(addressee) reader. Communication takes the following modified form: addresser (author)–original text– translator/editor–translated text — (addressee) translation reader. On the one hand, the transformed version demonstrates the narrowing of the information volume of the megatext (due to the removal of the subject index and the list of sources of illustrative materials, the reduction of the number of pictographic messages). On the other hand, the Ukrainian version of the publication significantly expands the amount of information that the megatext-transform conveys, due to enlightening comments added by the translator in page-by-page footnotes. The reader of the translated version of Y. Harari’s monograph receives additional information on the subject of discussion. These may be historical references to the cultural phenomena referred to in the original, or new data that have appeared during the period of time that has passed between the publication of the original and the appearance of its translated version. The Ukrainian-speaking reader of the megatext learns about new angles of the discussed problems, and also receives information about the appearance of Ukrainian publications related to the topic. The translator takes over the function of commentator and interpreter, in which the educational characteristic of the analyzed discursive phenomenon is clearly manifested. As a result of the mentioned megatextual and architectural transformations, we note a change in the image of the hypothetical reader of the Ukrainian version of the megatext, rather than the one that was embedded in the reference megatext. In particular, the expected thesaurus reserves of the Ukrainian reader turn out to be smaller than that of the reader of the original text, which is also evidenced by the extended version of the title: it contains an explanation of the Latin word Sapiens. Людина розумна, no such analog is observed in the original version of the title of the monograph. Eventually, we conclude that the reference text and its communicative transform are close, but not identical, communicative phenomena.

Change of Risk Perception and Risk Communication in County Cork, Ireland after Former Hurricane Ophelia (2017)

Communication towards the public about the risk of natural hazards (NHs) is important to enable community resilience and encourage autonomy in handling NHs impacts. The need for communication becomes even more crucial as NHs become more prominent due to climate change. This also includes hurricanes. Due to warmer sea surface temperatures and decreased vertical wind shear, hurricanes can undergo extratropical transition and reach northern latitudes more easily. Thus, they pose a higher threat of making landfall in Europe, especially Ireland. On the 16th of October 2017, former Hurricane Ophelia made landfall on the south coast of Ireland and caused severe disruption. This study assesses the risk perception of the people in Co. Cork towards NHs, especially hurricanes, and their satisfaction with the risk communication during Ophelia by analysing the risk communication chain, content and media and obtaining improvement suggestions in communication. It could be shown that the people of Co. Cork are not overly concerned about being affected by NHs. Still, they are aware of the risks of hurricanes. Especially after being affected by Ophelia, hurricanes are perceived as being of higher risk in the future. Overall participants are satisfied with the communication about the threats and how to behave during Ophelia. Still, improvements were suggested by the public and by experts.

CR-5: Resource optimization opportunistic network routing algorithm based on node dynamic attributes

The opportunistic network routing algorithms are the core technology of intermittent communication of mobile nodes in opportunistic networks. However, the existing researches on opportunistic network routing algorithms mainly focus on how to improve the message delivery ratio and reduce the route overhead ratio, and often neglect managing energy consumption and cache usage of node. This results in problems such as communication chain easy to interruption and congestion control instability in opportunity networks. To solve the above problems, this paper proposes CR-5: resource optimization opportunistic network routing algorithm based on node dynamic attributes. CR-5 comprehensively considers node dynamic attributes such as historical encounter information, resource availability, and node social input degree, defines node communication relay degree as the basis for selecting relay nodes, and realizes node energy balance and cache optimization. CR-5 tends to choose relay nodes with strong communication ability, which solves the problem of communication chain easy to interruption to some extent. CR-5 also enhances the resource management and message processing ability of nodes through energy balance and cache optimization, reduces the phenomenon that some nodes process too many messages, which solves the problem of congestion control instability to some extent. Simulation results show that in opportunistic networks with low node initial cache, the CR-5 algorithm greatly improves the message delivery ratio and the node average remaining energy, and significantly reduces the route overhead ratio.

Designing a Compact Dual-Band, Dual-Polarized Antenna for Biotelemetry Communications Using the Characteristic Mode Method.

A compact dual-band, dual-polarized, implantable antenna was designed using the characteristic mode method for operation in the wireless medical telemetry service (WMTS) band (1.4 GHz) and the industrial, scientific, and medical (ISM) band (2.45 GHz). By utilizing slotting techniques and materials with high dielectric constants, the antenna volume was minimized to 47.4 mm3, and circular polarization was gained in the WMTS band by using the characteristic mode method. A three-layer physical model of human tissues was constructed in a simulation, and a biogel and minced pork were used in the measurements. The measured peak gains are -20.85 dBi (1.4 GHz) and -22.15 dBi (2.45 GHz). The measured effective axis ratio bandwidth in the WMTS band is 170 MHz (1.33-1.50 GHz, 12.0%), and the impedance bandwidth in the ISM band is 390 MHz (2.21-2.60 GHz, 16.2%). At 1.4 GHz and 2.45 GHz, the largest 1 g average SAR values are 376 W/Kg and 318 W/Kg, which comply with IEEE C95.1-1999. Moreover, when the communication chain affinity exceeds 20 dB for 1.4 GHz and 2.4 GHz, the transceiver range reaches 8.2 m and 9.7 m. This antenna can be used for implantable wireless telemetry systems.

Situational Analysis in Responding to Emerging and Re-Emerging Epidemics: A Case Study of Dodoma City in Tanzania

Background information: Currently the World is experiencing numerous calamities due to various causes such as pathogens in terms of epidemics and change of weather patterns. However the modalities of preparedness in the public health sector has slow growth. This study hypothesised that handling of epidemics in Tanzania lacks the trained staff and health facilities lack the capacity in case such scenario strike. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Dodoma city to assess the preparedness of the health sector to handle emergencies. The study was conducted for a period of seven months (March – October, 2020 using Semi-structured questionnaire were used to collect data in health facilities of Dodoma city in Tanzania. The data were collected from health care providers whose selection was based on their willingness to participate and location of the health facilities. The study determined the preparedness of the health sector and personnel on occurrence of epidemics. Results: Eighty four (84) participants were involved: 61.9% mentioned an epidemic to be a disease which is emerging, 76.2% characterised epidemic as a disease with first occurrence, 23.8% as a disease with high incidence rate. 73.8%, 92.9%, 70.2% of the participants were aware that simulation, biosafety measures and team preparedness could contain epidemics, respectively. It was noted that simulation could be significant is practised effectively among health workers, team formulation and the chain of communication during outbreaks. Conclusion and recommendation: The capacity of the health system to respond to epidemics in Tanzania needs to be strengthened in terms of human resource and facilities; so as to facilitate periodic simulations for health personnel to handle epidemics.

The Model of Digital Communication and Supply Chains For The Tourism Industry

This research aims to understand the effects of digital communication, supply chain services and tourism on the decision to visit Indonesia. A quantitative approach was used to gather data through 400 survey participants. This study took the form of a methodology, design and approach framework. It analyzed the effect of digital communication, supply chain services and tourism with Quantitative data collected from Indonesia tourists and social media users. Probability sampling was used to collect data in a random manner. This method was used in a study that used Structural Equation Modeling and the SEM-PLS method. Results showed that digital supply chain and communication services had a significant positive impact on the interest of visitors. This led to a significant increase in their choice to visit a location. Additionally, this led to a significant increase in the impact of their decision on whether or not to visit.

史诗英雄江格尔形象语图互文研究

As an active oral text, the epic Jangar has undergone continuous evolution in contemporary society. Its essence is a multicultural practice strategy based on images, which highlights the interactive expression between cultures. From the image of Shaman God to modern sculpture, illustration, film and television, through the change of visual media, the characters of hero Jiang Geer have been enriched continuously, realizing the mutual proof of language and image, and the resonance of hearing and vision. Cultural communication and dissemination in contemporary society have laid a solid foundation for the development of epic, and formed a strong communication chain relying on humanities and scientific and technological conditions. The profound cultural connotation of Jangar epic tends to spread visual culture with the help of the expansion of humanistic horizon and the progress of science and technology, and reconstructs its cultural space of “inheritance” and “dissemination”. With visual media as the communication path, we can realize the contemporary identity of epic heroes, and explore the era inheritance and protection mechanism of epic culture.

Novel Insights into the Physiology of Nutrient Sensing and Gut-Brain Communication in Surgical and Experimental Obesity Therapy.

Despite standardized surgical technique and peri-operative care, metabolic outcomes of bariatric surgery are not uniform. Adaptive changes in brain function may play a crucial role in achieving optimal postbariatric weight loss. This review follows the anatomic-physiologic structure of the postbariatric nutrient-gut-brain communication chain through its key stations and provides a concise summary of recent findings in bariatric physiology, with a special focus on the composition of the intestinal milieu, intestinal nutrient sensing, vagal nerve-mediated gastrointestinal satiation signals, circulating hormones and nutrients, as well as descending neural signals from the forebrain. The results of interventional studies using brain or vagal nerve stimulation to induce weight loss are also summarized. Ultimately, suggestions are made for future diagnostic and therapeutic research for the treatment of obesity.

Multimodal Fake News Detection Incorporating External Knowledge and User Interaction Feature

With the development of online social media, the number of various news has exploded. While social media provides an information platform for news release and dissemination, it also makes fake news proliferate, which may cause potential social risks. How to detect fake news quickly and accurately is a difficult task. The multimodal fusion fake news detection model is the current research focus and development trend. However, in terms of content, most existing methods lack the mining of background knowledge hidden in the news content and ignore the connection between background knowledge and existing knowledge system. In terms of the propagation chain, the research tends to emphasize only the single chain from the previous communication node, ignoring the intricate communication chain and the mutual influence relationship among users. To address these problems, this paper proposes a multimodal fake news detection model, A-KWGCN, based on knowledge graph and weighted graph convolutional network (GCN). The model fully extracted the features of the content and the interaction between users of the news dissemination. On the one hand, the model mines relevant knowledge concepts from the news content and links them with the knowledge entities in the wiki knowledge graph, and integrates knowledge entities and entity context as auxiliary information. On the other hand, inspired by the “similarity effect” in social psychology, this paper constructs a user interaction network and defines the weighted GCN by calculating the feature similarity among users to analyze the mutual influence of users. Two public datasets, Twitter15 and Twitter16, are selected to evaluate the model, and the accuracy reaches 0.905 and 0.930, respectively. In the comparison experiments, A-KWGCN model has more significant advantages than the other six comparison models in four evaluation indexes. Also, ablation experiments are conducted to verify that knowledge module and weighted GCN module play the significant role in the detection of fake news.

Interconnection and Separation: Medieval Perspectives on the Modern Problem of the “Global Middle Ages”

Abstact This article argues that “global” is both too vague and too misleading a term to help conceptualize the Middle Ages. It is used for too many diverse phenomena, and criticism of the term by modernists has not been taken on board. Instead of borrowing and distorting this concept to make it fit, we should look at the nature and range of both interconnection and separation in our period, and create concepts based on our source-material. The medieval evidence shows that through the narrow channels, through the segmented and broken-up chains of communication, knowledge and objects can still flow. Superficial similarities to modern connectivity (for example trade) may hide real divergence, such as the motivation for the spice trade, which was related to searching for earthly paradise. Remoteness and separation were seen and described by medieval authors, but in reality both separation and connection were more ambiguous phenomena. Limited interconnection between areas of the globe did not dampen universal aspirations for the spread of Christianity. Finally, the mechanism of declared Christian religious superiority contrasted with the way in which Christianity gobbled up other traditions, ingesting and transforming them in its own image, while refusing to acknowledge this incorporation. This creophagous attitude characterized Christian relations to Judaism, Arabic science and pagan philosophy: strong interconnection coexisted with explicitly stated separateness.

End-to-End Learning for VCSEL-Based Optical Interconnects: State-of-the-Art, Challenges, and Opportunities

Optical interconnects (OIs) based on vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are the main workhorse within data centers, supercomputers, and even vehicles, providing low-cost, high-rate connectivity. VCSELs must operate under extremely harsh and time-varying conditions, thus requiring adaptive and flexible designs of the communication chain. Such designs can be built based on mathematical models (model-based design) or learned from data (machine learning (ML) based design). Various ML techniques have recently come to the forefront, replacing individual components in the transmitters and receivers with deep neural networks. Beyond such component-wise learning, end-to-end (E2E) autoencoder approaches can reach the ultimate performance through co-optimizing entire parameterized transmitters and receivers. This tutorial paper aims to provide an overview of ML for VCSEL-based OIs, with a focus on E2E approaches, dealing specifically with the unique challenges facing VCSELs, such as the wide temperature variations and complex models.

Italian and French responses to Urban V’s visual communications, c.1368–1420

ABSTRACT This article explores the visual responses (with political, spiritual and social connotations) to the visual statements about the role of Rome and the pope in Western Christendom made by Pope Urban V (1362–1370) at the time of his return to the Urbe from Avignon in 1367–9. It investigates the plurality of responses to these papal statements, the chain of further visual communications that these statements set in motion as well as their longue durée by engaging with the reception of the pontiff’s powerful messages by different audiences, both secular and ecclesiastic, from Rome to the Italian peninsula more broadly, and southern France, in the following 50 years.

Swarm Exploration and Communications: A First Step towards Mutually-Aware Integration by Probabilistic Learning

Swarm exploration by multi-agent systems relies on stable inter-agent communication. However, so far both exploration and communication have been mainly considered separately despite their strong inter-dependency in such systems. In this paper, we present the first steps towards a framework that unifies both of these realms by a “tight” integration. We propose to make exploration “communication-aware” and communication “exploration-aware” by using tools of probabilistic learning and semantic communication, thus enabling the coordination of knowledge and action in multi-agent systems. We anticipate that by a “tight” integration of the communication chain, the exploration strategy will balance the inference objective of the swarm with exploration-tailored, i.e., semantic, inter-agent communication. Thus, by such a semantic communication design, communication efficiency in terms of latency, required data rate, energy, and complexity may be improved. With this in mind, the research proposed in this work addresses challenges in the development of future distributed sensing and data processing platforms—sensor networks or mobile robotic swarms consisting of multiple agents—that can collect, communicate, and process spatially distributed sensor data.

Reconceptualizing Response to Writing from a Longitudinal Perspective: Writing Development and Dialogic Interaction

Resumen Given the amount of time writing instructors spend in providing feedback on writing, researchers have sought to understand many dimensions of feedback, especially the practices that best support student writing development. A number of researchers have sought to understand student perspectives on response to writing, and this study builds on that work by examining student perceptions of responses to writing from a longitudinal perspective. This interview-based study draws on data from college students who were interviewed once each year for five years (four years of undergraduate education and a fifth year in graduate school or the workplace). Conducted at a major private university in the United States, this article draws its data from a five-year longitudinal study of 189 college students (a random sample of 12% of the incoming freshman class) that collected student’s writing in and out of class, and included semi-structured interviews with a subgroup of 39 students once each year during the five-year period. The interviews focused on the students’ writing lives and investigated many aspects of their writing experience both in and out of school. This article presents an analysis of their perceptions of factors that contributed to their development as writers, especially feedback, as the initial coding of the interview data showed that feedback was by far the most influential contributor to student’s writing development. Further analysis of the interviews focused on understanding the who, what, when, where, why, and how of feedback, that is, the analysis sought at a fine-grained level to understand the ways and degree to which feedback contributed to student’s growth as writers. Elements of theories of dialogism and dialectic were particularly useful in highlighting the features of effective responses to writing; specifically, the idea that the most impactful forms of feedback took place when there were frequent and ongoing dialogues between a writer and a responder with a particular set of characteristics. These types of conversations were particularly impactful when conducted with peers outside of classroom settings. Results suggest that future researchers on feedback should look beyond individual instances of feedback to ongoing chains of communication, and to seek to understand the ways in which writers integrate feedback into their writing practices. Results also showed that feedback from peers outside of classroom settings were highly influential on students’ sense of their own writing development. Implications for research and teaching are discussed. Specifically, it is suggested that teachers and those responsible for writing pedagogy are encouraged to consider ways in which they can facilitate multiple, ongoing streams of high-quality feedback for their students, and to prioritize these conversations in their instructional practice and writing pedagogies. Keywords language instruction, writing, learning processes, feedback, literacy methods

The Spirit Says: Inspiration and Interpretation in Israelite, Jewish, and Early Christian Texts by Ronald Herms, John R. Levison, and Archie T. Wright

Reviewed by: The Spirit Says: Inspiration and Interpretation in Israelite, Jewish, and Early Christian Texts by Ronald Herms, John R. Levison, and Archie T. Wright Timothy Wiarda ronald herms, john r. levison, and archie t. wright, The Spirit Says: Inspiration and Interpretation in Israelite, Jewish, and Early Christian Texts (Ekstasis: Religious Experience from Antiquity to the Middle Ages 8; Berlin: de Gruyter, 2021). Pp. xv + 427. $130.99. This volume contains twenty articles, with an introduction by John Levison (pp. 1–8) and an epilogue by the three editors (pp. 367–72). The contents include Andrew T. Lincoln, "Spiritual Interpretation of Scripture, the Spirit, and the Gospel of John" (pp. 9–20); Blaine Charette, "Insight as a Characteristic of S/spirit in the Gospel of Mark: Spirit and Suffering as the Way of Insight in Mark's Gospel" (pp. 21–38); Beth M. Stovell, "Spirit, Kingship, and Inner-Biblical Allusion in the Book of the Twelve and the New Testament" (pp. 39–60); Anthony C. Thiselton, "The Holy Spirit, Reason, and the Interpretation of Scripture" (pp. 61–72); Mark L. Strauss, "Epistemology and the Spirit in Biblical and Philosophical Perspective" (pp. 73–89); Jonathan D. Parker, "Spirit and Mosaic Authority in Numbers 11" (pp. 91–112); Richard S. Briggs, "Discerning the Ways of God beyond Israel: Joseph, Daniel, and the Spirit in Dream Interpretation" (pp. 113–30); Mark J. Boda, "Knowledge from Above: Revelatory Hermeneutics within Wisdom Literature" (pp. 131–48); Benjamin G. Wright III, '"With a Spirit of Understanding' (Sir 39:6): Spirit and Inspiration in the Wisdom of Ben Sira' (149–68); Cornelis Bennema, "The Hermeneutical Role of the Spirit in the Johannine Writings" (pp. 169–88); Craig G. Bartholomew, "The Spirit of Truth in John's Gospel and Biblical Hermeneutics" (pp. 189–200); Marianne Meye Thompson, "'The Paraclete Will Teach You All Things': Spirit-Inspired Interpretation in the Gospel and Epistles of John" (pp. 201–18); Loren T. Stuckenbruck, "The Spirit and Imitatio Christi in 1 John" (pp. 219–30); Holly Beers, "Who Carries the Mission Forward? The Unnamed and Overlooked Characters in Acts" (pp. 231–50); Ben C. Blackwell, "The Spirit and Justification in the Pauline Corpus" (pp. 251–70); John R. Levison, "The Inspired Interpretation of Scripture in 2 Corinthians 3, the Writings of Philo Judaeus, and the Letter to the Hebrews" (pp. 271–92); Blaine Charette, "Circumcision and Worship in the Spirit of God (Phil. 3:3): [End Page 369] The Realization of an Old Testament Covenantal Hope" (pp. 293–10); Lisa Bowens, "Paul's Spirit Speech: Invasion and Disruption in Romans 8:19–23" (pp. 311–30); Robert Wall, "'Every Scripture Is God-breathed'" (pp. 331–50); and J. Gordon McConville, "'Return to the Heart': The Self and Scripture in the Confessions of Augustine" (pp. 351–66). According to the introduction, the central theme of this volume is the inspired interpretation of Scripture. Not all the articles are directly related to that topic, however, so I will focus here on those that are. Five of the contributors who speak directly about the Spirit's role in Scripture interpretation treat the Johannine writings. While all five hold that the Spirit's reminding and teaching work described in John 14:26; 16:12–15; and 1 John 2:27 applies to Christian Scripture readers today, there are differing nuances and emphases in how they view that hermeneutical activity. Lincoln suggests that this approach will involve contextualization, discernment of fuller meaning, and even elements of suspicion and critique. Strauss highlights an inner testimony that confirms the apostolic message. Bennema presents a comprehensive model showing the Spirit's role as encoder and decoder in a chain of communication from God to Jesus and then through John to today's readers. Bartholomew critiques postmodern pluralism by highlighting the theme of Jesus as the truth and the Spirit as the one who gives understanding. Thompson emphasizes the Spirit's role in giving correct understanding of Scripture's testimony to Jesus. Thiselton offers a general discussion of the Spirit's role in interpretation, especially in relation to human reason and exegetical scholarship. Wright argues that Sir 39:6 refers to a kind of prophetic inspiration given to certain scribes who...

Hard cataract or heart attack

Miscommunication arises when interacting members connect, but one or more of its members in the communication chain does not fully understand what has been conveyed. This can happen for a variety of reasons, including the initiator's inappropriate word selection, existence of communication barrier between the initiator and receiver, the receiver's misperception, and less frequently, the receiver being “off-target” to the communication chain. This case involves a 54-year-old woman with no known comorbid conditions who experienced an acute panic attack just before the start of scheduled cataract surgery, which was managed with abandonment of surgery followed by monitoring and treatment in the intensive care, conducting the departmental root cause analysis, and subsequent performance of uneventful surgery with satisfactory outcome after addressing the root cause.

Information Security Architecture Design for Cyber-Physical Integration System of Air Traffic Management

With the continuous expansion of air traffic flow, the increasingly serious aviation network security threats have a significant and far-reaching impact on the safe operation of the aviation industry. The networked air traffic management (ATM) system is an integrated space–air–ground network integrating communication, network, satellite, and data chain technology, which adopts a network-centric structure to provide network-enabled services and applications for the air transportation system. In view of the serious network threats faced by networked ATM, this paper studies the basic theories and key technologies of ATM information security assurance and designs a credible security architecture to provide comprehensive and systematic security assurance for networked ATM. Starting from the problems and development trend of ATM security assurance, this paper investigates the dynamic and complex data processing process of ATM system, analyzes the complex interaction between its cyber and physical system, and then constructs the networked ATM cyber–physical fusion system model and threat model. Furthermore, the causal relationship between ATM security threat alert information is mapped into a Bayesian network, and the game model of networked ATM is proposed using Bayesian Nash equilibrium strategy. At last, the information security assurance architecture of networked ATM system based on blockchain technology is formed by establishing a distributed co-trust mechanism and multi-chain storage structure. We expect this paper to bring some inspiration to the related research in academia and aviation so as to provide useful reference for the construction of ATM safety and security system and the development of technology.