Cervical Cancer In Chinese Women Research Articles

Imbalance of Vaginal Microbiota and Immunity: Two Main Accomplices of Cervical Cancer in Chinese Women.

To explore the correlation of female vaginal microbiota and immune factors with cervical cancer. The distribution pattern difference of vaginal microbiota of four groups of women (cervical cancer, HPV-positive CIN, HPV-positive non-CIN, and HPV-negative groups) were compared by microbial 16S rDNA sequencing. The protein chip was used to detect the composition and changes of the immune factors in the four groups. Alpha diversity analysis demonstrated that the diversity of the vaginal microbiota was increased as the disease develops. Among those bacteria abundant in the vaginal microbiota, Lactobacillus, Prevotella, and Gardnerella dominate at the genus level of vaginal flora. Compared with the HPV-negative group, the differentially dominant bacteria, such as Prevotella, Ralstonia, Gardnerella and Sneathia, are enriched in the cervical cancer group. Likewise, Gardnerella, Prevotella, and Sneathia are more in the HPV-positive CIN group, while Gardnerella and Prevotella in the HPV-positive non-CIN group, respectively. In contrast, Lactobacillus and Atopobium are dominant in the HPV-negative group (LDA>4log10). The concentration of inflammatory immune factors IP-10 and VEGF-A were increased in the cervical cancer group (P < 0.05), compared with other groups. The occurrence of cervical cancer is related to an increase of vaginal microbiota diversity and up-regulation of inflammatory immune factor proteins. The abundance of Lactobacillus was decreased while the one of Prevotella and Gardnerella were increased in the cervical cancer group, compared with other three groups. Moreover, the IP-10 and VEGF-A were also increased in the cervical cancer group. Thus, evaluation of changes in the vaginal microbiota and these two immune factor levels might be a potential non-invasive and simple method to predict cervical cancer. Furthermore, it is significant to adjust and restore the balance of vaginal microbiota and maintain normal immune function in preventing and treating cervical cancer.

Effect of air pollution on the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer in China: a panel data regression analysis.

The association between the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer in Chinese women and air pollution is obscure. The study aims to analyze the correlation between air pollution and the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer, and whether the gross domestic product (GDP) has a modifying effect on the impact of air pollution on the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer. Extracting panel data from 31 provinces and cities between 2006 and 2020, we evaluated the association between breast and cervical cancer prevalence and pollutant emissions from 2006 to 2015 with two-way fixed-effect models. We also analyzed the interaction between GDP and pollutant emissions and further check the robustness of the moderating effect results using group regression from 2016 to 2020. Cluster robust standard errors were used to correct for the heteroskedasticity and autocorrelation. The coefficients of models show that the coefficients of logarithmic soot and dust emissions are estimated to be significantly positive, and the coefficients of their square terms are significantly negative. The robust results suggest that the relationship between soot and dust emissions and breast or cervical cancer prevalence is non-linear, from 2006 to 2015. In the analysis of particulate matter (PM) data in 2016-2020, the PM-GDP interaction term was also significantly negative, indicating that GDP growth weakened the effect of PM on the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical cancer. In provinces with higher GDP, the indirect effect of PM emissions concerning breast cancer is -0.396 while in provinces with lower GDP, it is about -0.215. The corresponding coefficient concerning cervical cancer is about -0.209 in provinces with higher GDP but not significant in provinces with lower GDP. Our results suggest that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical cancer and air pollutants from 2006 to 2015. GDP growth has a significant negative moderating effect on the impact of air pollutants on the prevalence of breast cancer and cervical cancer. PM emissions have a higher effect on the prevalence of breast and cervical cancer in provinces with higher GDP and a lower impact in provinces with lower GDP.

Low erythrocyte folate levels and increased risk of invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women

To investigate the relationship between erythrocyte folate levels and cervical lesions. Using a case-control method, patients with cervical lesions from September 2021 to February 2022 in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jiangnan University Hospital were selected as study subjects. After cervical biopsy, 40 cases of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) CIN3 and 65 cases of cervical cancer as case group. The normal population of 120 cases attending the same period served as the control group. A competitive model was used to establish a chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) for human erythrocyte folate. Erythrocyte folate levels of 225 subjects were determined. Serum folate levels were 7.82 ± 3.13, 8.04 ± 3.58, and 7.58 ± 4.30 ng/ml in the control, CIN3, and cervical cancer groups, with no statistically significant differences (p=0.959). Erythrocyte folate levels were 307.27 ± 122.95, 306.52 ± 189.77, and 285.42 ± 125.74 ng/ml, respectively, with statistically significant differences (p=0.03). In a population of middle-aged Chinese women, the lower the erythrocyte folate value, the greater the risk of cervical cancer. In addition, serum folate levels were not associated with cervical lesions.

Causes and countermeasures of the rapidly rising burden on cervical cancer in Chinese women

The world is entering a new era of accelerated elimination of cervical cancer, while the age-standardized incidence, and mortality of cervical cancer in China are rising rapidly. This article summarizes and describes the current situation and trends of the burden of cervical cancer in China, reviews and analyzes the comprehensive prevention practice of cervical cancer, focusing on critical reasons for the increasing burden of cervical cancer, from the perspectives of sociology, behavior, and epidemiology in the population. Countermeasures are proposed to provide guidance and theoretical reference for the precise prevention of cervical cancer to eliminate cervical cancer.

Double Ribbons campaign: How to reduce the incidence of breast cancerand cervical cancer in Chinese women

Double Ribbons campaign: How to reduce the incidence of breast cancerand cervical cancer in Chinese women

Association of p73 G4C14-A4T14 and p53 codon 72 polymorphism with cervical cancer in Chinese population.

Cervical cancer is known to be the fourth most common cancer among women globally. In various factors, genetic factors have been considered as one major risk factor for cervical cancer. The research of genetic susceptibility to cervical cancer can be greatly helpful in studying the complex mechanism. This study was conducted to identify whether polymorphic variants of p73 G4C14-A4T14 and tumor protein p53 (p53) codon 72, either independently or jointly, might be associated with the risk of cervical cancer. The genotypes of p73 G4C14-A4T14 and p53 codon 72 polymorphisms of peripheral blood DNA from 190 cervical cancer patients and 210 controls were investigated using polymerase chain reaction with confronting two-pair primers and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism, respectively. The frequency of p73 G4C14-A4T14 AT/AT (P = 0.013) or p53 codon 72 GG (P = 0.026) genotype was associated with an increased risk of cervical cancer by comparing with the p73 G4C14-A4T14 GC/GC or p53 codon 72 CC genotype, respectively. In addition, the interaction between the p73 G4C14-A4T14 and p53 codon 72 polymorphisms increased the risk of cervical cancer in a multiply manner, with the odds ratio being 3.692 (95% confidence interval =2.106-6.473) for subjects carrying both p73 G4C14-A4T14 GC/AT+AT/AT and p53 codon 72 GG genotypes. These results suggest that there is a statistical difference between p73 and p53 gene polymorphism and the risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women, and there is a potential gene-gene interaction in the incidence of cervical cancer.

Lower dietary mineral intake is significantly associated with cervical cancer risk in a population-based cross-sectional study.

Population-based studies investigating the association between dietary mineral intake and risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) or cervical cancer in Chinese women are few. We performed a cross-sectional analysis of screening data obtained from 2,304 women in 2014 within an ongoing cohort study comprising 40,000 women in China. Dietary intake was assessed using a semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire. Nutrition intake was calculated using a 26-item list of food sources drawn from a validated, comprehensive database. All participants were surveyed through in-person interviews, physical examinations, and laboratory tests. The Pearson chi-square test was used for categorical variables. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to evaluate the relationship between dietary mineral intake and CIN+ risk. The food frequency questionnaire exhibited acceptable reproducibility and reasonable validity in assessing nutrient intakes among these women. After adjusting for multiple potential confounders, low dietary calcium intake was associated with CIN2+ risk (first versus fourth quartile: odds ratio [OR]=1.52, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-2.32). Similar for magnesium (OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.20-2.68), phosphorus (OR=1.69, 95% CI: 1.12-2.55), zinc (OR=1.55, 95% CI: 1.03-2.34), and potassium (OR=1.92, 95% CI: 1.28-2.88). Low dietary intakes of calcium and potassium were significantly associated with CIN1 risk. Increased CIN2+ risk correlated with rates of no oral contraceptives and lower levels of dietary Potassium. These results thus proposed that low dietary mineral intake was an independent risk factor, potential synergy may exist between low dietary mineral levels and oral contraceptives contribute to the development of higher-grade CIN and cervical cancer.

Associated of rs895819 with risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women.

Associated of rs895819 with risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women.

Replication of results from a cervical cancer genome-wide association study in Taiwanese women

Genetic epidemiological studies show that genetic factors contribute significantly to cervical cancer carcinogenesis. Several genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed novel genetic variants associated with cervical cancer susceptibility. We aim to replicate 4 GWAS-identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which were associated with invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women, in a Taiwanese population. The rs13117307 C/T, rs8067378 A/G, rs4282438 G/T, and rs9277952 A/G SNPs were genotyped in 507 women with cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) and 432 age/sex matched healthy controls by using TaqMan PCR Assay. Human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA test and typing were performed in CSCC patients. Only the rs4282438 SNP was found to be significantly associated (G allele, odds ratio [OR] = 0.67, P = 1.5 × 10−5). This protective association remained in HPV-16 positive CSCC subgroup (G allele, OR = 0.60, P = 1.2 × 10−5). In conclusion, our study confirms the association of rs4282438 SNP with CSCC in a Taiwanese population. However, larger sample sets of other ethnic groups are required to confirm these findings.

Research on the correlation between MMP gene polymorphism and susceptibility to cervical cancer in Chinese women.

Research on the correlation between MMP gene polymorphism and susceptibility to cervical cancer in Chinese women.

Risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer in Chinese women: large study in Jiexiu, Shanxi Province, China.

We aimed to investigate the risk factors for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) in Jiexiu, Shanxi Province, China. Twenty thousand eligible married women (age: 18-65 years) were administered with a questionnaire on potential risk factors for CIN and underwent liquid based Pap test. All women with abnormal cytological results underwent colposcopy with biopsy. Based on the biopsy pathology results, women were then assigned to either study group (with CIN) or control group (negative for histological results and volunteered to participate in the follow up study). The women in both study group and control group underwent vaginal microflora detection and dietary survey. The potential risk factors were analyzed by using ordinal logistic regression. Among the 20,000 women ne 1,438 women (7.19%) had cytologic abnormalities and 410 (2.05%) women were diagnosed histologically with CIN lesions, including 317 (1.58%) with CIN1, 93 (0.50%) with CIN2/3and 11 (55/100,000) with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). The average daily dietary folate intake was significantly lower in the study group (344.61±153.07μg) than in the control group (371.50±166.58μg; P<0.001). Multivariate analysis demonstrated that age of 56-65 years, farming as the husband's occupation, unwashing the vulva after sexual intercourse, and low self-reported folate intake were positively associated with CIN development and might have contribution to the increased CIN incidence in this population. These findings may provide help to develop the strategies to reduce the risk of cervical cancer in China.

Efficacy and safety of radio-chemotherapy combined with thermotherapy for advanced cervical cancer in Chinese women: a meta-analysis

&lt;B&gt;Introduction&lt;/b&gt;: Pelvic deep hyperthermia is an important treatment method for cervical cancer, and it has been widely used in Chinese clinics. However, this approach has not been widely adopted all over the world because of its uncertain efficacy and safety. This meta-analysis aims to review the efficacy and safety of radio-chemotherapy combined with local hyperthermia (HT) in the treatment of cervical cancer.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;B&gt;Material and methods&lt;/b&gt;: We searched foreign and domestic databases, and also searched the related references for additional information. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted by two reviewers independently. Rev Man 5.3 software was used to perform the meta-analysis.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;B&gt;Results&lt;/b&gt;: The thermotherapy group had a significantly higher 1-year tumor-free survival rate (OR = 2.84, 95% CI (1.14–7.09), p = 0.03), complete remission rate (OR = 2.41, 95% CI (1.94–3.01), p &lt; 0.00001) and overall effective rate (OR = 4.11, 95% CI (3.11–5.44), p &lt; 0.00001) than the sole radio-chemotherapy group. The thermotherapy group had a significantly lower disease stability rate (OR = 0.44, 95% CI (0.32–0.62), p &lt; 0.00001) and disease progression rate (OR = 0.15, 95% CI (0.08–0.28), p &lt; 0.00001) when compared with the sole radio-chemotherapy group. Both groups were statistically similar with respect to adverse reactions.&lt;br /&gt; &lt;B&gt;Conclusions&lt;/b&gt;: Radio-chemotherapy combined with thermotherapy could significantly improve short-term curative effects for patients with cervical cancer. However, due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies with a large sample size and long-term follow-up are still needed to verify the above conclusion and explore its long-term efficacy.

Phase I study of weekly PTX+ DDP, and postoperative radiotherapy for early cervical cancer in Chinese women

Objective To determine the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) of weekly PTX and DDP concurrent postoperative radiotherapy in Chinese women with high-and intermediate-risk early cervical cancer. Methods Women with high risks postoperative cervical carcinoma, ECOG≤2 were eligible. Pelvis RT (6/10 MV X-ray, 3DCRT 40 Gy/20f, para-metrial boost 10-20 Gy/5-10f) was followed by 2-4f brachytherapy applications (192Ir, 5 Gy/f). Concurrent weekly chemotherapy was started at DDP 20 mg/m2 and PTX 10 mg/m2 weekly, and escalated in three-patient cohorts according to 3+ 3 methods. Results 25 patients were enrolled and treated over seven doses levels until dose-limiting toxicity (DLT) was reached. Median age was 48 years (range, 34-66). All of patients finished RT in 7 weeks. Grade 3, 4 non-hematologic toxicities were diarrhea and observed in two patients (4 cycles, DLT) at level 7.Grade 3, 4 hematologic, principally leukopenia and neutropenia, and occurs late cycles. One grade 4 leukopenia and neutropenia was observed at dose level 6 but not seen in three additional patients. No one was delayed treatment time by concurrent chemotherapy.22 patients finished 6 cycles. Median follow-up is 59.5 months. Three patients have died of cancer metastasis and recurrence. One patient has died of respiratory failure. Conclusions Combination PTX and DDP administered concurrently with pelvic EBRT can be safely administered at the MTD of DDP 35 mg/m2 and PTX 30 mg/m2 weekly for six cycles in Chinese women with postoperative cervical cancer. Key words: Cervical neoplasms/chemoradiotherapy; Radiotherapy, three-dimensional conformal; Chemotherapy, PTX+ DDP; Phase Ⅰ study

Genetic variants within microRNA‐binding site of RAD51B are associated with risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women

RAD51B plays a central role in homologous recombinational repair (HRR) of DNA double‐strand breaks (DSBs), which is important to prevent genomic instability, a hallmark of cancer. Recent studies suggested that common genetic variants of RAD51B may contribute to cancer susceptibility. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether potentially functional variants within miRNA‐binding sites of RAD51B are associated with risk of cervical cancer. A total of 1486 cervical cancer patients and 1536 cancer‐free controls were enrolled, and two genetic variants, rs963917 (A > G) and rs963918 (T > C), were genotyped in all participants. Using multivariate logistic regression analyses, we found that G allele of rs963917 conferred lower risk of cervical cancer compared to A allele (adjusted OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.80–0.99, P = 0.039). Similarly, rs963918 allele C was associated with a decreased risk for cervical cancer compared with allele T (adjusted OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.74–0.94, P = 0.004). Haplotype analyses showed that haplotype GC was also correlated with lower risk (OR = 0.83, 95% CI = 0.73–0.95, P = 0.005) compared with the most common haplotype AT. In summary, our study suggested that miRNA‐binding site genetic variants of RAD51B may modify the susceptibility to cervical cancer, which is important to identify individuals with differential risk for this malignancy and to improve the effectiveness of preventive intervention.

Associations between antioxidant vitamins and the risk of invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women: A case-control study.

Previous studies on the associations between dietary antioxidant vitamins and the risk of cervical cancer remain inconsistent, and little evidence is available for serum antioxidant vitamins, which provide more accurate measurements of these nutrients. We conducted a case-control study of 458 incident cases with invasive cervical cancer and 742 controls to assess the effects of diet or serum antioxidant vitamins. Higher serum antioxidant vitamins were associated with a lower risk of cervical cancer after adjusting for potential confounders. The odds ratios (ORs) for the highest (vs. lowest) quartile were 0.66 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.46–0.93; P = 0.024) for α-carotene, 0.63 (95% CI = 0.45–0.90; P = 0.006) for β-carotene, 0.53 (95% CI = 0.37–0.74; P < 0.001) for vitamin E, and 0.48 (95% CI = 0.33–0.69; P < 0.001) for vitamin C. Dietary intakes of vitamins E and C were inversely associated with the risk of cervical cancer. Risk of cervical cancer from serum antioxidant vitamins was more evident in passive smokers than non-passive smokers. These findings indicated that antioxidant vitamins (mainly α-carotene, β-carotene, and vitamins E and C) might be beneficial in reducing the risk of invasive cervical cancer in Chinese women, especially in passive smokers.

CASP7 variants modify susceptibility to cervical cancer in Chinese women.

Polymorphisms in Caspase-7 (CASP7) may modulate the programmed cell death and thus contribute to cervical cancer risk. In this case-control study of 1,486 cervical cancer cases and 1,301 controls, we investigated associations between four potentially functional polymorphisms in CASP7 and cervical cancer risk and evaluated their locus-locus interaction effects on the risk. The genotype-phenotype correlation was performed by a generalized linear regression model. We found that the rs4353229 polymorphism was associated with cervical cancer risk (under a recessive model: crude OR = 1.20, 95% CI = 1.02–1.40). Compared with the TT genotype, the rs10787498GT genotype was associated with an increased cervical cancer risk (adjusted OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.00–1.41). Combination analysis showed that subjects with four putative risk genotypes had a 1.54-fold increased cancer risk, compared with those who carried three or less putative risk genotypes. We also observed significant locus-locus joint effects on the risk, which may be mediated by the polymorphisms regulating CASP7 mRNA expression. Subsequent multifactor dimensionality reduction and classification and regression tree analyses indicated that the CASP7 genotypes might have a locus-locus interaction effect that modulated cervical cancer risk. Out data suggest that CASP7 polymorphisms may interact to modify cervical cancer risk by a possible mechanism of regulating CASP7 mRNA expression.

The natural history of cervical cancer in chinese women: results from an 11-year follow-up study in china using a multistate model.

It is important to understand the natural history of cervical cancer, which has implications for cancer prevention and management. However, a dearth of studies on the long-term development of cervical cancer exists in China. We investigated the natural history of cervical cancer in Chinese women by creating a multistate model using 11 years of follow-up data from the Shanxi Province Cervical Cancer Screening Study I conducted from 1999 to 2010. In 1999, a total of 1,997 eligible women, ages 35 to 45 years, were enrolled in Xiangyuan County, Shanxi Province. Participants were followed up in 2005 and 2010, respectively. The average time a subject spent in CIN1 before transiting into another state was 1.4693 years [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1215-1.9251] and the average time a subject spent in CIN2 was 2.9822 years (95% CI: 1.9790-4.4938). A subject's transition probability from CIN1 to normal increased with time. However, the transition probability from CIN1 to CIN2 was relatively lower, with 3-, 5-, and 10-year transition probabilities of 0.1415, 0.1066, and 0.0437. Comparison of 5-year transition probabilities between CIN2 to normal/CIN1 and CIN2 to CIN3(+) yielded a ratio of 2.74. Women with CIN1 had a substantial tendency for regression. Similarly, women with CIN2 had a higher probability of regression to normal/CIN1 than progression to CIN3(+). Findings in this study may have significant implications for the development and evaluation of formal cervical cancer preventive strategies in China. This study may serve as a valuable reference to future research on other multistate cancer processes.

Trend analysis of cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates in Chinese women during 1989-2008

To evaluate the trend of cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates during 1989-2008 in Chinese women, so as to inform the development of relevant policies and strategies in China. The incidence and mortality rates of cervical cancer during 1989-2008 in urban and rural areas were calculated based on the data from the National Cancer Registry Database. Age-standardized rates were calculated using the Chinese population of 1982 and World Segi's population of 1985. Joinpoint regression analysis was performed to obtain annual percentage changes (APC) so as to assess the trend of incidence and mortality rates over the period from 1989 to 2008. The crude incidence rate of cervical cancer in Chinese women increased from 3.06/10(5) in 1989-1990 to 11.87/10(5) in 2007-2008 (from 4.96/10(5) to 11.98/10(5) in urban registration areas and from 2.39/10(5) to 11.77/10(5) in rural registration areas).The crude mortality rate slightly increased from 2.19/10(5) in 1989-1990 to 3.20/10(5) in 2007-2008 (from 3.21/10(5) to 2.56/10(5) in urban registration areas and from 1.82/10(5) to 3.75/10(5) in rural registration areas). Generally, the upward trends of crude incidence rates were shown over the year 1989-2008, with an APC of 14.4% after 1997 in urban areas and 22.5% after 1999 in rural areas.After age standardization of world population, the APC of incidence rates in recent decade in urban areas remained stable, and the one in rural areas slightly decreased.Although the overall crude and world age-standardized mortality rates had no significant changes during 1989-2008, the crude mortality rates increased by 8.1% annually after 1999.The upward trends were also shown for crude and world age-standardized mortality rates in urban areas after 2001 with an APC of 7.3%.The crude mortality rates in rural areas increased by 3.9% annually during 1989-2008, but no significant change was found after age standardization. Over the last decade, the cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates ascended by year in China. It is particularly urgent to establish a comprehensive prevention and control system that combines cervical cancer screening and human papillomavirus vaccination, so as to reduce the burden of cervical cancer in Chinese women.

A polymorphism in the 3’ untranslated region of Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1 alpha confers an increased risk of cervical cancer in a Chinese population

Cervical cancer is a multifactorial disease involving a complex interplay between genetic and environmental factors. An important role of HIF-1α in cervical cancer carcinogenesis has been studied by multiple researches. We hypothesized that there is a possible association between HIF-1α gene polymorphisms and the risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women. In a case-control study of 518 cervical cancer patients and 553 cancer-free controls, we genotyped three single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (rs11549465, rs11549467 and rs2057482) of HIF-1α using the TaqMan SNP Genotyping Assays and assessed its associations with the cervical cancer risk. Besides, 17 cervical cancer tissues were used to assess the expression of the mature mRNA expression of HIF-1α by real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR. We found that a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer was associated with the CC genotype of rs2057482 in the 3´-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of HIF-1α (odds ratio (OR), 1.44; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.88), compared with the CT/TT genotypes. Moreover, the carriers of CT/TT genotypes had significantly decreased HIF-1α mRNA expression levels compared to those with CC genotype. No association was observed between the two polymorphisms (rs11549465, rs11549467) and cervical cancer risk. So that, our results provided the first insight into rs2057482 polymorphism of in the 3´-untranslated region of HIF-1α contributed to the risk of cervical cancer in a Chinese population and thus may serve as a reliable predictive factor of cervical cancer.

CYP1B1 C4326G polymorphism and susceptibility to cervical cancer in Chinese Han women

Cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) is a key P450 enzyme, which could catalyze the formation of 4-hydroxy estrogen metabolites and play a role in estrogen-dependent cancers. We hypothesized that genetic variant in CYP1B1 may modify individual susceptibility to cervical cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between CYP1B1 C4326G polymorphism and cervical cancer risk in Chinese women. We extracted the peripheral blood samples in 250 patients with cervical cancer and 250 female controls. The matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry method and direct DNA sequencing were performed to detect the polymorphism. The frequencies of CC, CG, and GG genotypes of CYP1B1 C4326G in cases and controls were 66.0, 26.8, 7.2% and 75.2, 21.6, and 3.2%, respectively, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.034). Compared with the wild-type CC genotype, the variant GG genotype was associated with a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer (adjusted OR = 2.30; 95% CI = 1.02, 5.50). Moreover, stratification analysis by age, smoking, drinking, human papillomaviruses (HPV) 16 or 18 carrier status, and family history of cervical cancer, we found that the variant genotypes containing the G allele were associated with a significantly increased risk of cervical cancer among HPV 16 or 18-positive individuals (adjusted OR = 2.85; 95% CI = 1.45, 5.62) and among women younger than 45 years old (adjusted OR = 1.87; 95% CI = 1.03, 3.37). These results suggest that CYP1B1 C4326G polymorphism may increase risk of cervical cancer in Chinese women, especially among young individuals with high-risk HPV infection.