Certain Types Of Work Research Articles

Regarding the employment of persons with disabilities

The article examines the performance indicators of the program objectives of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine regarding the realization of the right to work for persons with disabilities. Based on a comparison of employment rates for persons with disabilities in Ukraine and the European Union, a conclusion is drawn about the need to achieve the declared indicators and to adopt European practices for the inclusion of such individuals in labour relations. The article analyses the provisions of the Laws of Ukraine «On the Fundamentals of Social Protection of Persons with Disabilities» and «On Psychiatric Assistance» concerning the procedure for fulfilling employment quotas for persons with disabilities. Attention is drawn to their inconsistencies and the necessity of harmonizing their content. The article addresses problematic aspects of realizing the right to work for persons with disabilities who have been legally recognized as incapable. It presents statements from scholars and legislative provisions that define the legal labour capacity of persons with disabilities who have been declared legally incapable. It is argued that the legal basis for the inability of such individuals to exercise their constitutional right to work, due to incapacity, can be interpreted as discrimination against them from a certain perspective. It is emphasized that implementing employment support programs for persons with mental and intellectual disabilities is one way to reduce their discrimination and violations of their labour rights, counteract their stigma, and prevent social isolation. To enable persons with disabilities suffering from mental disorders, including those legally declared incapacitated, to exercise their right to work, it is proposed to introduce supported employment mechanisms. The article underscores the necessity of the principle of equal pay for equal work. It substantiates the possibility of engaging persons with disabilities who have been declared incapacitated in labour activities based on an employment integration agreement. Such a mechanism could effectively replace labour rehabilitation, which is one of the forms of individual rehabilitation. It is argued that such activities can only be carried out in the absence of medical contraindications to the person performing a certain type of work. The need to ensure these employees’ rights to remuneration, rest, and other benefits is emphasized. The article analyses the provisions of the draft law on social protection of persons with disabilities concerning the types of social enterprises. The article suggests the possibility of employing persons with disabilities who have been declared incapacitated at sheltered employment enterprises provided for by this draft law.

Управление процессом обслуживания высокотехнологичного оборудования с использованием сетей Петри

The paper considers the management of the maintenance process of high-tech equipment. The mechanism of operation, maintenance and repair of equipment elements and the availability of highly qualified personnel capable of performing certain types of work are described. The functioning of the Petri net reflects the process of using and maintaining high-tech equipment. The Petri net explores events that correlate certain transitions. The conditions for triggering transitions are considered, and the connections between positions and transitions are described. Each position of the selected set corresponds to the types of high-tech equipment being analyzed, the routine maintenance work performed and the teams carrying out these works. To simulate the processes of functioning of the Petri net, a transition function is formed, which allows determining new network states obtained when a transition is triggered. The rules of operation of the Petri net are described. Allowed transitions are implemented, which have non-zero values in each position at the label input. The transition is triggered not necessarily at the nearest allowed time. The change in the state of the Petri net and its labeling during the implementation of various transitions and changes in the order of their implementation is investigated. When performing any transition, the labeling of the Petri net in question changes. The labels in each position at the input of the implemented transition are reduced by one, and in each output position they increase by one, and the addition of chips at the output positions and decrease at the input positions occur simultaneously. A matrix approach is used to describe the process of functioning of a Petri net. The equipment in question can be aircraft, vehicles, machine tools, etc. As a result, the mechanism of operation, maintenance and repair of equipment elements is considered in the form of parallel processes that occur in the system under consideration independently of each other.

Labour Provisions in UK Trade Policy: Mapping the Spatial Politics of the Trade-Labour Linkage

ABSTRACT Academic literature on the trade-labour linkage has tended to operate within a methodological nationalism that reifies the nation-state as the unit of analysis and treats labour rights as universally applicable. This paper instead starts from the premise that the linkage spotlights certain types of work and worker, resulting in geographically differentiated modes of labour governance. Focusing on the post-Brexit reconstitution of trade policy in the UK and its party political discourse, the paper details how labour provisions were written into free trade agreements, export finance arrangements, supply chain reporting requirements and unilateral preference schemes. Its argument is that these were constructed and contested through distinctions made between leading and laggard states; acceptable and unacceptable exploitation; and desirable and undesirable exploitation – each of which had a spatial politics in shaping where and how labour ought to be governed.

Depression in Persons With Epilepsy: Lessons From Case Review.

Major depressive disorder is highly prevalent among persons with epilepsy (PWEs). Between 30% and 50% of PWEs suffer from depression. Many factors contribute to this prevalence, including the psychosocial impact of the diagnosis, restrictions on driving and certain types of work, and adverse effects associated with antiseizure medications. Without proper treatment, depressed PWEs have increased risks for suicide, strained relationships, lowered seizure control, and impairment in functioning. Our objective was to use the existing literature and insights from our experience in treating depression and anxiety in PWEs within an academic mood disorders center. We aimed to provide practical guidance for health care professionals who treat depression in this population. Persons with epilepsy and depression were identified by their treating psychiatrists. Their electronic health records were reviewed and compiled for this report, with a total of 12 included in this review. Records were reviewed regarding antiseizure medications, psychotropic medications, light therapy, psychotherapy, other interventions, and treatment response. Based on our review of literature, as well as review of cases of individuals with epilepsy and comorbid psychiatric conditions, we recommend a step-wise evidence-based approach of optimizing psychiatric medication doses, augmenting with additional medication and/or implementing nonpharmacological interventions such as light therapy and psychotherapy. In PWEs, improvement in depression, other psychiatric symptoms, and function are the goals of drug and nondrug interventions. Depression care has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life of PWEs and reduce both morbidity and mortality.

Generative Models of Artificial Intelligence as an Effective Tool for Optimizing Business Processes

In today’s world, Artificial Intelligence has become one of the most popular terms. It already creates a significant amount of digital content, including texts, pictures, music, videos, etc. According to some forecasts, by 2035, Artificial Intelligence will bring 15.7 trillion dollars to the world economy. In December 2020, the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine approved the concept of Artificial Intelligence development until 2030. For Ukraine, this direction is quite new, but with the help of such a step, the Ministry of Digital Transformation of Ukraine hopes to attract billions of investments through this initiative.Many industries seek to automate certain types of work with the help of intelligent machines, and Artificial Intelligence is extensively used in various fields, including business management. Chatbots, particularly those based on the GPT (Generative Pre-trained Transformer) model, are gaining popularity as effective tools for communication with customers and task management. However, there are challenges related to the formulation of requests (prompting) that must be addressed to achieve the maximum productivity of managers.Research and formation of effective prompting in chatbots (including GPT) for managing business processes have become key tasks under these conditions. Advances in Artificial Intelligence and machine learning enable the expansion of the capabilities of this tool to enhance the productivity of managers at all levels of management. The article presents the basic principles of prompting functionality and examines the existing problems. The authors have conducted several experiments using various methods of prompting and evaluated their effectiveness in real conditions when solving various management tasks, and, based on the conducted research, proposed approaches to increasing the efficiency of using Artificial Intelligence in the management of business processes of companies and organizations.

Organization of employment of minors in the context of the new Employment Law

Based on the analysis of state programs and legislative innovations related to the regulation of public relations related to employment, it is concluded that in relation to minors, the state, taking into account international standards, continues to implement an approach to providing conditions for this category of citizens to receive general and vocational education (including labor education), considering labor activity (paid work) as a secondary (additional) option for their pastime with the establishment of restrictions on certain types of work and preferential working conditions. With regard to minors, both the previous and the current employment law mainly provides (for persons from 14 to 18 years old) for the organization of temporary employment in their free time, at the same time, allowing persons over the age of 16 to obtain the status of unemployed, entailing the establishment of an elevated status in matters of providing employment.

Плагиат, заимствование и законное использование: проблема разграничения понятий

The article notes that in the legislation of the Russian Federation the term “plagiarism” is used only in relation to the deliberate appropriation of authorship, which entails criminal liability, while in scientific publications this term is used in relation to a wider range of borrowings that are not criminal offenses. The authors conclude that the negative consequence of such a blurring of legal terminology is the complication of classification of those legal phenomena that are encountered in practice. It is argued that for the further development of legislation, judicial and business practice it is necessary to provide a unified understanding of such legal phenomena as plagiarism, on the one hand, and other cases of illegal borrowing, on the other hand, with the division of the latter into separate types of borrowing, taking into account the peculiarities of certain areas of activity, including the establishment of different criteria for recognizing the fact of illegal borrowing for scientific activity, for film production, fiction and other areas of use of the results of creative activity and certain types of works.

WORK PERFORMANCE AND WORK FROM HOME: THEORETICAL DEVELOPMENT

Employee job performance has been associated with management since its inception as a scientific discipline. The goal of proper management of human activity is to achieve higher job performance. In its current form, job performance is not only associated with quantity, but quality as well. From the point of view of an organization's leadership, managers or supervisors within the work environment, in the past, leading their employees to better job performance was relatively easy. With the progress of science and technology, a gradual change connected with the introduction of information and communication technology can be seen and certain types of work started to shift significantly to the home environment. This trend was greatly accelerated by the Covid-19 pandemic when, as part of interventions to prevent the spread of the virus, organisations had to react by introducing work from home wherever possible. Working from home is gradually becoming a working standard that is being used by more and more employers and employees. Many employers, also thanks to the pandemic period, have found that several kinds of costs can be saved by introducing work-from-home. On the other hand, working from home has become equally convenient for employees, bringing many advantages, but on the other hand also disadvantages, such as loss of social contact or more complicated teamwork. Of course, working from home brings other aspects, such as changing factors and the environment where work is realised, which is also connected to work performance. The aim of this paper is to identify, based on a literature review, key research themes related to work performance and working from home. To identify relevant literature, Web of Science database was selected while this research focuses on peer-reviewed publications published in English language up to April 2023. The total scope of the selected publications analysed based on the Prisma methodology is 14 research articles between 2008 and 2023. The published studies includes the following research directions: 1. Change in work performance in the context of the implementation of Covid-19 interventions, 2. Gender roles and their impact on work from home and work performance, 3. Mental and emotional aspects at home and the allocation of time for work, 4. The use of modern telecommunication technologies their impact on teamwork in the context of work from home. These 14 studies are found in several journals (n-11). The first study in the final set is from 2008. Based on a dataset taken from Web of Science (the keyword string "work performance and work from home"), a map of the keywords and the most cited authors extracted from that string was created. These maps are created using the analytical tool VOSviewer. Based on the publications analysed, the most frequently cited author was identified (Bakker A.B.) The findings of this study contribute to the literature related to work performance and working from home.

PEMERIKSAAN TEKANAN DARAH DAN TES BUTA WARNA PADA MAHASISWA BARU DI SALAH SATU PTS KOTA PALEMBANG TAHUN 2023

Background: Health examinations can be carried out at government or private laboratories or free health education institutions. A person's blood pressure is influenced by several factors, such as changes in body position and physical activity. However, color often causes problems for sufferers both in daily activities and when sufferers want to pursue higher education or apply for certain types of work. The aim is to provide blood pressure checks and color blindness tests for new students at PTS X Palembang City in 2023. Method: research using quantitative methods with a Cross Sectional research design, carried out at the PTS X Laboratory, Palembang City on September 7 2023. The research population was 96 students and the research sample was 96 students using total sampling technique, data collection using checklist sheets and data analysis using univariate and bivariate analysis. Results: Based on the results obtained from 96 students at PTS Blood pressure examination results were abnormal 51.0%, normal 49.0%. The color blindness test results, which were 1.0% color blind, were 99.0% normal. From the majors, the Public Health major got 57.3%, ATLM 42.7%. There is a significant relationship between the color blindness test and gender (p value 0.003 and OR 0.900). There was no relationship between gender, PTS major and blood pressure. There is no relationship between major and color blindness test. Conclusion: Blood pressure checks and especially color blindness should be given early so as not to affect learning achievement, educational paths and future career development. Keywords : Health Checkup, Blood pressure, Color blindness

Determining the estimated cost of project works using aggregated indicators of labor intensity.

The article is devoted to the determination of the estimated cost of project works using aggregated indicators of labor intensity. The instruction on determining the estimated cost of design works of construction objects provides for the application of percentage indicators of the cost of design works to the calculation base. The cost of the calculation base is determined with the help of similar objects, or by aggregated indicators of the cost of construction per unit of measurement. The use of analog objects has a number of disadvantages, namely: limited experience and qualifications of designers, an indefinite number of comparative objects that are available in the archive of the project enterprise, the total cost of the analog object includes the cost of material resources that affect on the estimated cost of the analogue object, and accordingly on the cost of the estimated project documentation.
 To get rid of the presence of the specified shortcomings, it is necessary to change the basis of justification for determining the cost of project works. It was found that the basis can only be regulatory labor intensity, as it is stable and uniform for all regions of Ukraine.
 The authors propose to change the basis of the justification for determining the cost by arriving at the determination of the labor intensity of the analogue object using the following methodology. The methodology shows the extent to which specific values of technical and economic indicators change for homogeneous groups of housing reconstruction objects and regression equations of specific values of labor intensity for certain types of works of a similar object.
 The methodology was developed on the basis of normative labor intensity values of more than 30 objects of housing reconstruction. It was determined that the normative labor intensity depends on the technical and economic indicators of the objects under investigation, namely: perimeter, height, superstructure volume and base area. As a result of the study, the limits of technical and economic indicators corresponding to 3 regression models of specific values of normative labor intensity were obtained.
 To verify the specified methodology, an example of determining the specific labor costs of a similar object depending on the specific values of the technical and economic indicators of the new object based on the regression equations of homogeneous groups is given. According to the equations of homogeneous groups and the corresponding technical and economic indicators, a search is made for the correspondence of the technical and economic indicators of the object under study.
 The specified method allows you to find a quantitative estimate of the cost of project works by individual types.

Historical and cultural heritage of Ukrainians of the Republic of Bashkortostan: according to the funds of the Yumatov Ethnographic Museum

The subject of this study is the exhibits of the main fund of the museum collection of the Yumatov Ethnographic Museum of the Ufa district of the Republic of Bashkortostan (Russia) related to the traditional culture of Ukrainians. The object of the study is the traditional material culture of Ukrainians in a multiethnic environment. The purpose of the study is to study the historical and cultural heritage of Ukrainians of the Republic of Bashkortostan, their interaction with representatives of Turkic, Finnovolgian, as well as other Slavic peoples. The proposed publication presents an analysis of traditional subjects that are an important component of the identity and characteristics of an ethnic group. Tools and devices for performing certain types of work are considered; interior and household items, kitchen utensils; samples of decorative and applied art and materials for their production; clothing and shoes. The time frame for their use in everyday life is indicated by the end of the XIX – the middle of the XX century. The area of distribution of exhibits is shown. Based on the subject and object of the study, general scientific and special methods were used as a methodological basis. The research was based on the comparative historical method and the method of typologization. The scientific novelty of the research lies in the fact that for the first time an attempt was made to analyze the museum collection in order to study the historical and cultural heritage of Ukrainians, one of the Slavic peoples of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The main conclusion of the study is that even in a multinational environment, Ukrainians continue to preserve their culture. A special contribution of the author to the study of the topic is the introduction into scientific circulation of new information on the traditional material culture of Ukrainians in the region. In the course of the study, data on the number of Ukrainian exhibits and the area of their origin were clarified. Classification of savings units has been made. The regularity in the periodization of the existence of museum objects is revealed. The results obtained by the author can be used in various types and forms of research and cultural and educational activities, in particular: in the preparation of candidate and doctoral dissertations, generalizing works on the history, ethnography and culture of the peoples inhabiting the Republic of Bashkortostan; design of thematic exhibitions in rural, district and republican museums.

Development of Civil Law Regulation of Investment Activities in the Creation of Certain Types of Copyright Objects

Relevance. The article analyzes the problems of development of investment activity in the sphere of creation and use of certain types of works, notes possible ways of development of civil law regulation of such activity. The conclusions about the necessity to recognize investment agreements mediating investment activity in accordance with the principle of "rights in exchange for investment" as a special type of civil law agreement that needs special legislative regulation, including the establishment of the possibility of allocation of investors' shares in the exclusive right to the created results of intellectual activity and the establishment in the agreement of the peculiarities of disposition of rights to works and other objects of intellectual rights are substantiated.The purpose of the research is to develop theoretical provisions aimed at creating a holistic scientific understanding of the possibilities of further development of the legal regulation of relations related to the implementation of investment activities in the creation and use of works and other objects of intellectual rights.Objectives: to identify the peculiarities of investor participation in relations related to the creation and use of intellectual activity results; to develop proposals for the development of contractual registration of investment activity in the sphere of creation and use of intellectual activity results; to identify the peculiarities of disposition of exclusive rights to the intellectual activity results created with the involvement of investments; to identify possible directions for further development of legal regulation.Methodology. The author used dialectical-materialistic method, methods of analysis and synthesis, formal-legal method.The results of the research have theoretical and applied nature and are aimed at improving the quality of legal regulation of legal relations related to the creation and use of the results of intellectual activity.Conclusions. The conclusions are of a discussion nature, aimed at improving the legal regulation of investment activities related to the creation and use of the results of intellectual activity. The article is a continuation of the author's research on the topic under consideration.

Theoretical and practical aspects of legal qualification of work made for hire

According to Ukrainian law, work made for hire is work created in connection with the performance of duties under an employment agreement (contract). Qualification of work as a work made for hire is based on three criteria.Firstly, the creation of such a work is always conditioned by the labor relationship between the author and the employer. However, it does not matter whether the author is a full-time employee or a part-time employee.Secondly, the creation of a certain type of work must fall within the scope of the employee’s labor duties. Despite the fact that the provisions of the current legislation link a work made for hire to the fulfillment of a labor contract, this should not be interpreted as meaning that the obligation to create a work made for hire should be provided for exclusively by a labor contract. The obligation to create works made for hire may also be documented in the employee’s job description. In addition, a labor contract may provide for this obligation in general terms, and an assignment to create specific works may be given byorder, job assignment, or other acts of the employer.Thirdly, the creation of work must be the result of the employee’s performance of their labor duties. An employer cannot claim to acquire copyright to works created by an employee on their own initiative even if the creation of works of the same type is the basis of the employee’s labor function. The law makes it quite clear that work made for hire is only work created in connection with the performance of a labor contract, and not any work that can in principle be created by an employee; there must be a kind of cause-and-effect relationship where the result of the activity in the form of a created work is directly determined by the performance of the employee’s labor duty.There are no other conditions that must be satisfied in order to recognize a work as a work made for hire. In particular, it does not matter whether the employer provides the employee with certain financial, material or other assistance in creating a work.The law also does not provide that the material, technical and financial resources of the employer must be used when creating a work made for hire. Therefore, work made for hire must meet only the three criteria mentioned above without any additional conditions or requirements.

Imagining Decent Work towards a Green Future in a Former Forest Village of the City of Istanbul

This paper addresses issues pertaining to the future of work and sustainability through the lens of a case study of ecological deterioration and how it destroys and creates green jobs in a forest village of Istanbul. As elsewhere in major urban centres of developing countries, the hyper-expansion of city regions due to authoritarian developmentalism fosters the state-led construction sector in Turkey. Growth-driven economic policies continue to have adverse effects on the environment, resulting in deforestation among an array of ecological damage. Based on a qualitative analysis of oral history interviews and observations informed by a larger interdisciplinary research project, we observe resilience in the forest village under scrutiny as certain types of work are abandoned, and new forms are created by adaptation to the ecological and social conditions. The perceptions of changing conditions by locals vary across existing ethnic, gender, and class hierarchies in the local community. Moreover, our findings indicate that the types of work available in the village prior to urban transformation were not all decent or green. In face of ongoing ecological deterioration in a (formerly) forest community, participatory micro-initiatives, and grassroots, utilizing local community projects emerge that nevertheless pursue a green and just transition. We focus on one such initiative, the Community Fungi platform, to demonstrate the possibility of working towards a collective imagination of a green future inspired by past but unforgotten sustainable communal practices, in the context of the forest village under scrutiny in this paper.

Taguchi's Grey Relationship Analysis (GRA) for Comparing the Performance of Various Inkjet Printheads for Tone Value Increase on Uncoated Paper Substrates

Digital technologies in printing attract more attention among the printers in recent years. All around the world, inkjet technology is used by both home and commercial printers. New applications for inkjet printing have emerged as the technology has developed, including the printing of high-quality periodicals and the packaging sector. This state-of-the-art technology, particularly Inkjet, has undergone extensive testing and refinement to ensure high quality prints High-quality printing often makes use of gloss coated sheets. Yet the high price of gloss coated paper limits its usefulness to certain types of work. Since then, it has been clear that uncoated papers are the best option for this task. The print quality would be different from that of glossy coated paper because of the roughness, porosity, and unevenness of the surface. Tone Value Increase (TVI) on uncoated paper printed with various inkjet printheads is an intriguing topic for investigation. Therefore, effective TVI is crucial. Multiple commercial inkjet printheads were tested for their TVI performance on uncoated paper and the results were compared using a novel statistical approach Taguchi's Grey Relational Analysis (GRA). The use of this statistical method yielded fruitful results in our study.

Термины танцевальных движений башкирских народных танцев

The aim of the study is to identify the peculiarities of the terms for dance movements of folk dances in the Bashkir language. The paper clarifies the notion of ‘Bashkir folk dance’. In the study, the main attention is paid to the comprehensive description of the names of dance movements in Bashkir folk dance. The study is novel in that it is the first to propose the terminology of folk dance movements in the Bashkir language taking into account their territorial-dialect names, using the example of takmaks – Bashkir ditties performed in a recitative and song-recitative melodic style. As a result, it has been proved that the main dance terms for foot movement in Bashkir dance are «тыпырлау» (‘tapping’) and «йөрөшләү» (‘variable step’), which are imitative or playful in nature. In men’s dances, the movements are contingent on the figurative expression of horses’ hoofs clattering, horse riding, in Bashkir women’s dance, each movement reflects a certain type of work: spinning, sewing, weaving, felt dressing, cloth making, cooking and many more. It is with consideration of the above-mentioned peculiarities of Bashkir dances that the names are analysed in the presented paper.

The concept of risk-based technical solutions for the protection of coal mine workings

AnnotationThe concept of risk-based technical solutions for the protection of coal mines workings is outlined. The initial data of effective risk management methods are substantiated. A mixed method of risks assessment has been used. The method involves building a matrix of consequences and probabilities by ranking them in the form of tables. The following data have been used as initial data: location, method and parameters of the workings protection, additional measures to manage the state of the rock mass around the workings, cost of certain types of work and material costs, purpose and term operation of the workings. Technical solutions for the protection of underground workings in coal mines to increase labor safety and reduce environmental and financial risks are substantiated. Initial data for effective methods of risks management in the protection of workings in difficult mining and technical conditions have been prepared. It is recommended to use these data as the basis of the new regulatory framework.

Совершенствование системы государственных закупок: формирование рейтинга подрядных организаций (на примере дорожной деятельности)

The existing methods of selecting a contractor for projects in the road sector in the Russian system of procurement do not fully take into account his business reputation and his previous experience, which negatively affects the efficiency of public procurement. Based on the analysis of international literature, it is proposed to assess the level of qualification of road builders by using a mathematical model of the complex indicator of their experience. The key idea of the proposed approach is to develop an integral indicator that characterizes the previous experience of contractors in performing a certain type of work. It is assumed that this indicator will be calculated automatically on the basis of data from the Unified Information System in Procurement. The proposed changes will improve the efficiency of the procurement system and ensure that contractors obtain the competencies necessary for high-quality and timely implementation of the relevant road works.

Application of UAV in surveying objects of high-voltage line and power transmission lines and removing damages

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) in the inspection of power transmission lines (TL) objects and elimination of damages is considered. The problem urgency of the operational search for damages with their subsequent elimination at high-voltage lines (HVL) and power transmission lines is substantiated. The factors leading to the disruption of the equipment and facilities of power transmission lines objects are determined. It was revealed that in modern conditions the use of UAV allows not only monitoring the objects of HVL and power transmission lines, but also certain types of work. The experience of using UAVs for searching and analyzing damage of HVL and power transmission line objects in Russia and other countries is considered. It is concluded that the advantages of using UAVs in the energy sector include UAV maneuverability, solving issues of mapping and aerial photography, modern technical support for the safety of power grids, the ability to receive information in a short time and in real time, automation of certain types of work, reducing the number of field trips, reducing scope of work in the high voltage zone and at high altitudes, which reduces the risks associated with the human factor. Keywords unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), high-voltage line (VL), power transmission line (PTL), thermal imaging survey, aerial monitoring, operation of facilities and equipment

Structural organizational and economic mechanism for managing the labor potential of the enterprise

The main objectives of the activity of any modern enterprise are: obtaining maximum profit; formation of the labour market with works and services; implementation of economic and foreign economic activity within the framework of the current regulations. The structure of a modern enterprise is based on the division of labour, i.e. certain types of work between the personnel of the enterprise are assigned to specialists who are able to perform them better and more qualified than everyone else from the point of view of the organisation as a whole. It is important to designate and correctly form the blocks within the organisational structure of the enterprise; organisational structure of the personnel management service; organisation of keeping personalised records of employees; to carry out constant analysis and monitoring of the system of incentives for the personnel of the enterprise, applying additional methods of labour motivation of the personnel and forms of training of employees, providing for the subsequent improvement of their qualification categories.