Certain Duration Of Time Research Articles

Remote patient monitoring in patients with COVID-19 at home: literature review.

During the pandemic healthcare providers implemented remote patient monitoring (RPM) for patients suffering from COVID-19. RPM is an interaction between healthcare professionals and patients who are in different locations, in which a certain number of patient's functioning parameters is assessed and followed up for a certain duration of time. By implementing RPM for these patients they obtained to reduce the strain on hospitals and primary care. With this literature review we aim at describing the characteristics of the RPM interventions, reporting on the patients with COVID-19 included in RPM, and providing an overview of outcome variables such as length of stay (LOS), hospital (re)admissions, and mortality. A combination of different searches in several database types (traditional databases, trial registers, daily (google) searches and daily Pubmed alerts) were run daily from March 2020 till December 2021. A search update for randomized clinical trials (RCT's) was done in April 2022. The initial search yielded more than 4448 articles (not including daily searches). After deduplication and assessment for eligibility, 241 articles were retained describing 164 telemonitoring studies from 160 centres. None of the 164 studies covering 248,431 included patients reported on the presence of a randomized control group. Studies described a 'prehosp' group (96 studies) with patients who had a suspected or confirmed COVID-19 diagnosis and for whom it was decided not to hospitalize them yet, but closely monitor them at home, or a 'posthosp' group (32 studies) with patients who were monitored at home after hospitalization for COVID-19; 34 studies described both groups, in 2 studies it was unclear. There is a large variety in number of emergency department (ED) visits (0-36% and 0-16%) and no convincing evidence that RPM leads to less or more ED-visits as well as hospital (re)admissions (0-30% and 0-22%) in prehosp and posthosp, respectively. Mortality was generally low, and there is weak to no evidence that RPM is associated with lower mortality. There is neither evidence that RPM shortens previous LOS. A literature update detected three small scale RCT's which could not demonstrate statistically significant differences in these outcomes. Most papers claim savings, however the scientific base for these claims is doubtful. The overall patient experiences with RPM were positive, as patients felt more reassured, although many patients declined RPM for several reasons (eg, technological embarrassment, digital literacy, etc.). Based on these results, there is no convincing evidence that RPM in COVID-19 patients could avoid ED-visits or hospital (re)admissions, could shorten LOS or reduce mortality, but neither is there evidence that RPM has adverse outcomes. Further research should focus on developing, implementing, and evaluating an RPM framework.

Response of Broiler Chicken Fed Graded Levels of Cassava Peel Leaf Meal (CPLM) Mix on Carcass Characteristics and Organ Weights

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of replacing maize with different levels of Cassava Peel Leaf Meal mix on carcass traits and relative organ weights of broiler chickens. The study determined an optimum level of maize replacement by CPLM that would not compromise growth performance, carcass yield, and organ health. The broiler chicken were fed 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% maize replaced by CPLM mix (9:1 ratio) diets for a certain duration of time. Variations in DW% and EW%; even the relative organ weights like heart, liver, and gizzard showed significant differences. The outcome indicated that up to 50% maize replacement with the CPLM mix seemed feasible without showing any negative impact on the performance of broiler chickens and eventually providing a possibly low-cost alternative feed resource. Keywords: Maize, Alternative Feed stuff, Poultry, Carcass, Organ Proceedings Citation Format Olowoyeye, Janet Chinwe (2024): Response of Broiler Chicken Fed Graded Levels of Cassava Peel Leaf Meal (CPLM) Mix on Carcass Characteristics and Organ Weights. Proceedings of the 38th iSTEAMS Multidisciplinary Bespoke Conference. 17th – 19th July, 2024. University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana. Pp 183-190. dx.doi.org/10.22624/AIMS/ACCRABESPOKE2024P19

Progressive Collapse Analysis of RC building due to Fire load

Fire hazard is perceived to be one of the most destructive hazards faced by mankind in any urban environment as a primary or a secondary consequential event. In recent decades there has been substantial increase in adaptation of RC buildings for residential, commercial & office purposes. Therefore, the building fire appears as a more frequent hazard in comparison with other natural or man-made events. The occurrence of fire is unpredictable and high frequent event, that has potential to create a disaster (resulting in huge loss of property and life). Therefore, there is an imminent need for its consideration during analysis, design of new buildings and in assessment of structural integrity for existing buildings. This aids in providing a safe and functional fire-resistant building during its design life. The recent incidents that have occurred in Hyderabad city (Deccan Mall & Swapnalok complex etc), Telangana state, India, in particular is an epitome of this disaster. However, the existing codes of practice for Indian code designed buildings (BIS) in particular do not address assessment of the building structural behaviour subjected to fire load. Moreover, progressive collapse mechanism of any building can initiate due to loss of critical structural components due to any unforeseen event like explosion, accident, etc. Further, there are more likelihood of triggering of a fire hazard, eventually resulting in cascading failure of a structure. Hence, an attempt has been made to assess the structural integrity of structure during initiation of progressive collapse subjected to fire load. The hypothetical G+3(ground + three floors) reinforced concrete building designed as per IS456:2000, modelled and analysed using the structural finite element software (SAP2000). Progressive collapse analysis of the building is performed as per the GSA guidelines and subjected to simultaneous application of fire load (as per ISO 834 standard fire curve as the input fire load) on all its structural components. Further the performance of the building under fire scenarios were assessed in terms of its resistance duration using the Structural fire software (SAFIR). The outcomes of the study clearly pronounce the structural vulnerability of the building components in resisting the fire exposure for certain duration of time, quantified in terms of response parameters (Bending moments, Shear forces, Demand Capacity Ratio (DCR), etc).

SOSIALISASI PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BATANG SAWIT UNTUK PEMBUATAN GULA MERAH & DAMPAKNYA SEBAGAI USAHA HOME INDUSTRI DI DESA PASAR LAPAN KEC. AIR PUTIH

Processed products of palm sap are cooked for a certain duration of time to produce brown sugar. In general, the community still uses coconut/aren sap water as a raw material for making brown sugar, but currently residents of Pasar Eight village in Air Putih sub-district have made brown sugar using waste palm stems to get the sap water and then mix it with white sugar. The purpose of community service is to increase online marketing and provide education on making brown sugar that is correct and good for health. Brown sugar has its own advantages, but improper processing can harm health in order to gain unilateral benefits. Based on the results of observations when visiting brown sugar craftsmen (partners), information was obtained that the marketing of palm sugar palm sap was carried out online through social media face book and product orders had reached the Pekanbaru area, although not routinely. Therefore community service is carried out by providing outreach to brown sugar craftsmen in order to expand the marketing network which will increase sales, production and profits so as to open jobs for the community. The service method is carried out by observing and interviewing and outreach. It is hoped that the results of PkM activities can increase the knowledge of brown sugar craftsmen about online brown sugar marketing and the quality of brown sugar production and hygiene.

Evaluation of Building Condition and Maintenance as a Panacea for Preventing Building Collapse in Nigeria: The Case for Correctional Buildings

Buildings are constructed with the aim of lasting for a certain duration of time while achieving other ancillary benefits, such as functionality, aesthetics, affordability, comfort, and pleasure for the occupants. Over the years, correctional facilities and other buildings have become derelict within some period of construction due to a lack of adequate maintenance, which resulted in dilapidation and probably collapse. This paper evaluated the building condition and maintenance of correctional facilities. The objective is to reduce incessant building collapse in Nigeria. A survey approach was adopted in the collection of data from the relevant Niger State prison staff population of 120 workers, including staff in the maintenance unit, within a specific period. A stratified sampling technique was used to generate a sample that was used to collect data representing the entire population across the prisons. The results from the study identified poor maintenance of correctional facilities which could cause building deterioration and which could eventually pave way for the building to collapse. The study suggests continuous evaluation of maintained correctional facilities to ascertain their condition and performance levels.

Rapid determination of solid-state diffusion coefficients in Li-based batteries via intermittent current interruption method

The galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) is considered the go-to method for determining the Li+ diffusion coefficients in insertion electrode materials. However, GITT-based methods are either time-consuming, prone to analysis pitfalls or require sophisticated interpretation models. Here, we propose the intermittent current interruption (ICI) method as a reliable, accurate and faster alternative to GITT-based methods. Using Fick’s laws, we prove that the ICI method renders the same information as the GITT within a certain duration of time since the current interruption. Via experimental measurements, we also demonstrate that the results from ICI and GITT methods match where the assumption of semi-infinite diffusion applies. Moreover, the benefit of the non-disruptive ICI method to operando materials characterization is exhibited by correlating the continuously monitored diffusion coefficient of Li+ in a LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2-based electrode to its structural changes captured by operando X-ray diffraction measurements.

Probable maximum precipitation analysis of high rainfall regions in India

Uttarakhand, Maharashtra, Assam & Meghalaya are the potential areas to study the precipitation, perform trend analysis and calculate the probable maximum precipitation. Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) has virtually zero risk of being exceeded for a given catchment area over a certain duration of time. The present work applies Hershfield Method to determine the PMP for rainfall data for the high rainfall regions of Uttarakhand, Maharashtra, Assam & Meghalaya (Assam and Meghalaya are considered as one region). Gumbel method, which is an extreme value distribution function is used to obtain the extreme value (EV) of precipitation. Further, the obtained PMP and EV values are compared with high rainfall months of La Niña years. Observation of the results showed that the obtained values from Hershfield Method are greater than the La Niña years precipitation values that have been observed till 2017, thus validating the obtained results. The outcomes from Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMP) works give insights into the extreme rainfall that can ever happen in a given catchment. The result obtained serves as indispensable input data for designing structures like dams, reservoirs, spillways, flood protection walls, sluice gates, weirs, etc. The design life of hydraulic structures is worked out using Probable Maximum Precipitation (PMF). The adopted technique and results of this study can be directly used as a design parameter for design as well as for water resources management.

Numerical and experimental study of the dynamic thermal resistance of ventilated air-spaces behind passive and active façades

The variation of the thermo-hydrodynamic behavior of the airflow in the ventilated cavity behind external claddings in a wall structure could potentially affect the overall thermal resistance of the entire structure. Although the impact of an enclosed air-space in the wall on the total R-value of the assembly has been thoroughly investigated in the literature, it has not been addressed for a ventilated cavity. In the present study, as a first step, plausible definitions to determine the thermal resistance of the ventilated cavity behind external claddings in transient conditions are described. As the second step, the dynamic thermal resistance of the naturally ventilated air-spaces behind passive (i.e., brick and fiber cement) claddings and active (i.e., BIPV) facades are studied using two approaches. In the first approach, a 2-D numerical model validated against measurements is employed to compute the thermal resistance of the ventilated air gap under different conditions. Accordingly, the impact of the cladding type, seasonal variation, cavity thickness, and presence of the reflective insulation in the air gap on the dynamic change of the thermal resistance of the air-space is analyzed. In the second approach, in-field measurements are performed in a test facility to experimentally examine the contribution of the thermal resistance of the cavity to the total R-value of the wall structure. The results obtained from both approaches are compared with the design values calculated based on the ISO 6946:2017 and ISO 9869–1:2014 standards. The results reveal that the dynamic change of the thermal resistance of the air gap during a day could be captured using numerical simulations. It is shown that the daily averaged thermal resistance of the cavity could reach up to 47 times higher than the design R-value of the BIPV façade. The experimental measurements confirm that the thermal resistance of the ventilated air-space could converge to a steady-state value after a certain duration of time following the requirements provided in the standards, which could be practically used for the code-compliant analysis. It is also observed that the ventilated cavity could act as an insulation layer with higher thermal resistance compared to some of the solid materials used in the wall assembly.

Choice Between the Synonymous Pairs of Sutoppu and Teishi

This paper discusses the results of a corpus-based study on the usage and functions of the western loanword sutoppu and its synonymous Sino-Japanese, teishi. Our analyses focus on the following four perspectives: (1) frequency, (2) conjugation types, (3) characteristics of genres used, and (4) collocations. The results show that sutoppu is used mostly in a causative form, implying something compulsory or intentional, whereas teishi is mostly used in its passive form to imply inevitability. In addition, sutoppu emphasizes instantaneity and has the meaning of intentionally stopping something with great resistance. Whereas teishi permits a certain duration of time and describes the state of being stopped.

The Impact of Covid-19 Pandemic on Changes in Hospital Requirements and Designs in Indonesia. Case Study: Rumah Sakit Ginjal Habibie, Bandung.

The Covid-19 pandemic has impacted changes in services and work systems in hospitals worldwide, including Indonesia. The Indonesian Ministry of Health’s policy calls for hospitals to accept Covid-19 patients, requiring hospital management to adjust in the design of their facilities. This study aims to examine the changes made before receiving and while treating Covid-19 patients, considering the contagious character of the disease. It focuses on the hospital’s inpatient installation that chambers infected patients for a certain duration of time. The research was carried out by comparing before-after hospital plan documents and conducting interviews with hospital management along with a field survey to Rumah Sakit Khusus Ginjal (RSKG) Nyonya Habibie in Bandung. Changes reviewed include those related criteria sourced from guides and regulations mentioning standards of Covid-19 inpatient facilities. These criteria, divided into two aspects— zoning-circulation paths and ventilation-air circulation – are the basis of quantitative evaluation, using Likert scale. The result of this phase is to find whether alterations done are enough to meet the newly set standards for Covid-19 inpatient installation and be able to reduce the chance of transmission.

Penggalangan Dana dan Pemberian Santunan Kepada Korban Banjir di Medan Oleh Tim Peduli UISU

In the last few weeks, it has been raining frequently in Medan and its surroundings. The intensity of the rain that falls is high enough to cause natural disasters such as floods and landslides. It is estimated that there are seven areas affected by flooding. This flood caused various difficulties among the people. Difficulties are in the form of, the difficulty of clean water, blankets, clothes and so on. In addition, the economic impact is also affected by flooding. Many agricultural land sectors were flooded, so many people failed to harvest. This paper aims to realize concern by helping others, getting used to giving alms, increasing ukhuwah Islamiyah, easing the burden on residents of flood victims and strengthening solidarity and togetherness with the people. The method used in this activity is fundraising for flood victims to the University for leaders/institutions and faculty leaders throughout UISU, through cellphones. If the funds have been collected, the team immediately comes to the destination, both at the rectorate and the faculty so that the collected funds can be recorded immediately. then with a certain duration of time, the granting of funds to the party who is entitled/deserves to receive it is carried out according to the results of the team's assessment which ends with taking documentation as evidence of the activity. Fundraising and providing compensation is UISU's contribution in supporting and assisting government programs for the benefit of the people.

Pengaruh Hormon terhadap Induksi Embrio Somatik Kacapiring (Gardenia jasminoides) dan Potensi Aplikasinya dalam Pembuatan Benih Sintetik

Kacapiring (Gardenia jasminoides) is an ornamental plant that has many uses, as a cut flowers, food ingredients, textile materials, cosmetic raw materials, and containing therapeutic compounds. The high demand for gardenia needs to be balanced with the results of its cultivation. Conventional propagation of gardenias has disadvantages such as a long life cycle, genotypes can differ from the parent, and can carry disease from the parent. Therefore, more efficient gardenia propagation techniques are needed, one of which is by making synthetic seeds. Synthetic seeds can be produced by encapsulating somatic embryos. Somatic embryos are collections of embryonic cells formed from soma cells that have the ability to regenerate into a complete new plant. Hormones are organic materials that occur naturally in plants or are synthetic. Hormones have an effect on plant differentiation and growth. Somatic embryogenesis can be carried out using auxin and cytokinin hormones, because auxins can induce embryogenic callus and cytokinins can initiate the embryogenic process in callus. Synthetic seeds are single somatic embryos covered by a matrix, so that they can be stored for a certain duration of time and can grow into a complete plant in both in vitro and ex vitro conditions. This literature review is to provide an overview based on existing references on the effects of various types of hormones for the induction of gardenia somatic embryos, synthetic seed production methods, and synthetic seed storage temperatures.

Use of local anesthesia in children: literature review

Local anesthetic agents are drugs used to relieve pain that may occur during dental procedures, one of them is tooth extraction. Lo-cal anesthetics are divided into two groups, namely esters and amides. Local anesthetics aim to immobilize the sensory nerves locally by administering drugs or other medical interventions so that the patient cannot feel pain for a certain duration of time. The use of local anesthesia is usually combined with topical anesthesia to relieve pain due to needle injection. Giving local anes-thesia to children is a psychological barrier for children because usually children are not tolerant of pain and fear. Providing good dental care without pain and comfort is the dentist's responsibility.

CALCULATION AND VISUALIZATION OF A MAN PARACHUTING DOWNWARD

The article suggests the calculation and visualization of motion of the man by opened and closed parachutes. It contains the formulation of the problem, the physical analog and mathematical model of the motion by closed and opened parachutes, the study of the kinematics and dynamics of the motion, the conditions for safe landing. There are graphs of the height versus time of motion and velocity versus height. The graphs show that the man falls down without parachute he reaches the Earth surface with the speed more than 30 m/s or 100 km/h. This is a dangerous descending. Landing is safe when the landing speed is of about u » 5 m/s. Duration of the landing time by the opened parachute is 34 min, and by the closed parachute the landing time is 3 min. The article also presents the calculation and visualization of the parachutist’s motion during free-fall drop when parachute opens in 20 seconds after the free fall start and the graphs of the height versus time and velocity versus height. It is seen from the graphs that at first the parachutist falls down with increasing speed reaching its upper value of about 40 m/s with which he proceeds his falling down within certain duration of time and at the height of 5400 m where the parachute opens the speed of the parachute sharply decreases and then gradually and monotonically reaches its value that enables a safe landing of the parachutist. Results of this study are used in classes on “Theoretical mechanics” and “Simulation of physical processes”.

Autonomous UAV Trail Navigation with Obstacle Avoidance Using Deep Neural Networks

This paper proposes a vision-based bike trail following approach with obstacle avoidance using CNN (Convolutional Neural Network) for the UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). The UAV is controlled to follow a given trail while keeping its position near the center of the trail using the CNN. Also, to return to the original path when the UAV goes out of the path or the camera misses the trail due to disturbances such as wind, the control commands from the CNN are stored for a certain duration of time and used for recovering from such disturbances. To avoid obstacles during the trail navigation, the optical flow computed with another CNN is used to determine the safe maneuver. By combining these methods of i) trail following, ii) disturbance recovery, and iii) obstacle avoidance, the UAV deals with various situations encountered when traveling on the trail. The feasibility and performance of the proposed approach are verified through realistic simulations and flight experiments in real-world environments.

On-chip estimation of hematocrit level for diagnosing anemic conditions by Impedimetric techniques.

An on-chip device has been fabricated on Si platform for precise estimation of the hematocrit (Hct) level of human blood with rapid turn out. Impedance/capacitance spectroscopy and current-voltage (I-V) measurements have been employed to observe the variation of electrical parameters of erythrocyte suspensions with varying Hct level. Experimentally obtained values of capacitance, impedance and conductance with Hct level suggests a linear variation. Current-time measurement has also been performed to ensure the susceptibility of red blood cells under a fixed external electric field for certain duration of time. The online real time sample analyzes have also been performed by the device connected with an embedded electronic circuit interfaced with a laptop through appropriate software. This has enabled the development of a novel Si-chip based compact point-of-care (POC) diagnosis system for Hct level estimation by measuring the dielectric/capacitive variation of an erythrocyte cell suspension. The relevant performance parameters of such a compact system including range, resolution, limit of detection and throughput have also been evaluated.

Enhancement of real-time IoT-based air quality monitoring system

Air pollution is one of the biggest threat for the environment and the human’s health. The monitoring of air pollution based on several atmospheric pollutants is becoming critical in most countries including Malaysia. This paper presents a development and enhancement features of real-time Internet of Things (IoT)-based environmental monitoring system for air quality. The proposed system will be beneficial to monitor the real-time data for a specific set of air quality parameters such as temperature, humidity and concentration of carbon monoxide, liquified petroleum gas (LPG) and smoke. An alarm system will be triggered if the concentration of carbon monoxide exceeds 50 ppm. Users can use their smartphone to view these data via Wi-Fi by installing an application called “AirProp”. Based on the collected data, this paper also analyses other contributing factors such as time and traffic condition on the temperature, humidity and concentration of pollutant gases at different locations. The advantage of the real-time system is it serves as the data base platform to store data up to certain duration of time. The data can be further analysed and leveraged by governments and researchers to mitigate air pollution.

Respective Contributions of Glycemic Variability and Mean Daily Glucose as Predictors of Hypoglycemia in Type 1 Diabetes: Are They Equivalent?

To evaluate the respective contributions of short-term glycemic variability and mean daily glucose (MDG) concentration to the risk of hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes. People with type 1 diabetes (n = 100) investigated at the University Hospital of Montpellier (France) underwent continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) on two consecutive days, providing a total of 200 24-h glycemic profiles. The following parameters were computed: MDG concentration, within-day glycemic variability (coefficient of variation for glucose [%CV]), and risk of hypoglycemia (presented as the percentage of time spent below three glycemic thresholds: 3.9, 3.45, and 3.0 mmol/L). MDG was significantly higher, and %CV significantly lower (both P < 0.001), when comparing the 24-h glycemic profiles according to whether no time or a certain duration of time was spent below the thresholds. Univariate regression analyses showed that MDG and %CV were the two explanatory variables that entered the model with the outcome variable (time spent below the thresholds). The classification and regression tree procedure indicated that the predominant predictor for hypoglycemia was %CV when the threshold was 3.0 mmol/L. In people with mean glucose ≤7.8 mmol/L, the time spent below 3.0 mmol/L was shortest (P < 0.001) when %CV was below 34%. In type 1 diabetes, short-term glycemic variability relative to mean glucose (i.e., %CV) explains more hypoglycemia than does mean glucose alone when the glucose threshold is 3.0 mmol/L. Minimizing the risk of hypoglycemia requires a %CV below 34%.

A design simulation of traffic light intersection using SimEvents MATLAB

The smoothness of traffic flow is one indicators of the excellent management by road managers, especially in the settings of traffic lights on road intersection. The time duration the red and green light must be set precisely according to the traffic density, so that the optimal and fairness queue length and waiting time are obtained for road users in each lane. Some problems at the intersection of the highway are the occurrence of very long queues in one lane, but quite short on the other lane. This happens because the setting is not appropriate on the traffic light time duration. In this article, we propose a model and simulation for intersection with traffic light using MATLAB SimEvents tools. The proposed model is to place an inhibitor module on each path at the intersection, where the entity does not flow for a certain duration of time. Through this simulation, it can be predicted the exact duration time of traffic lights based on the traffic density on each lane.

An Approximation Algorithm for Capacity Allocation Over a Single Flight Leg with Fare-Locking

In this paper, we study a revenue management model over a single flight leg, where the customers are allowed to lock an available fare. Each customer arrives into the system with an interest in purchasing a ticket for a particular fare class. If this fare class is available, the customer immediately purchases the ticket by paying the fare or locks the fare by paying a fee. If the customer locks the fare, then the airline reserves the capacity for the customer for a certain duration of time. At the end of this duration of time, the customer makes her ultimate purchase decision at the locked fare. The goal of the airline is to find a policy to decide which set of fare classes to make available at each time period to maximize the total expected revenue. Such fare locking options are commonly offered by airlines; the dynamic programming formulation of the revenue management problem with the option to lock an available fare has a high-dimensional state variable that keeps track of the locked fares. We develop an approximate policy that is guaranteed to obtain at least half of the optimal total expected revenue. Our approach is based on leveraging a linear programming approximation to decompose the problem by the seats on the flight and solving a dynamic program that separately controls the capacity on each seat. We also show that our results continue to hold when the airline makes pricing decisions instead of fare class availability decisions. Our numerical experiments show that the practical performance of our approximate policy is remarkably good compared to a tractable upper bound on the optimal total expected revenue. The online supplement is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/ijoc.2018.0816 .