Ceric Sulfate Solution Research Articles

Establishment and Validation of Sandell-Kolthoff Method for Saliva Iodine Determination.

Saliva iodine is a useful biochemical marker for evaluating iodine status and controlling iodine-related diseases. This study aims to establish and validate a simple, reliable, and low-cost Sandell-Kolthoff (S-K) method for the determination of iodine in saliva. The method was established by considering the digestion solution type, concentration, dosage, digestion time and temperature, the volume of saliva samples, glass tube size, dosage of arsenious acid solution and ammonium ceric sulfate solution, and warm bath time. Then, the effectiveness of the method was examined by the linearity of the standard curve, detection limit, precision, and accuracy. The 1.5mL 1 Mol/L ammonium persulfate solution at 100°C for 90min, the 200 μL saliva sample, glass tubes of 15mm × 120mm, 2.5mL arsenious acid solution, 0.3mL ammonium ceric sulfate solution, and 15min for warm bath was selected to determine saliva iodine. In terms of validation of the S-K method, the linearity method has the linear range of the standard curve from 0 to 300μg/L and the coefficient of determination ≥ 0.999; the detection limit, when the volume of saliva samples was 0.2mL, was 4.6μg/L; for precision, the relative standard deviation was from 0.3 to 2.8%; and for accuracy, the total recovery rate ranged from 92.8 to 107.0%. This S-K method is easy to operate, has good precision and accuracy, and can be used as a method to determine saliva iodine. It has great potential practical value in disease prevention, clinical auxiliary diagnosis, and experimental research.

Accumulation of Phyto-mediated nano-CeO2 and selenium doped CeO2 on Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) seed by nano-priming to enhance seedling vigor

Abstract Herein, we designed a facile nano-bio catalyst by equipping Phyto-mediated Cerium oxide (CeO2 NPs) and Selenium doped Cerium oxide (Se–CeO2 NPs) in a simplistic green way to boost germination and vigor of horse gram seeds with probable values on accumulation. High stable nano CeO2 was prepared with aqueous seed extract of Cassia angustifolia by an optimized amount of ammonium ceric sulphate solution, temperature, pH, and reaction duration. The properties and activities of CeO2 NPs were enhanced by the addition of sodium selenite as a source of selenium dopant. The powdered samples of CeO2 and Se–CeO2 were annealed and characterized using UV-DRS, FT-IR, XRD, DLS, and HRTEM with EDAX. The screened parameters define the particle size of CeO2 and Se–CeO2 which helps to protect plant cells without impairment. The Phyto-mediated CeO2 and Se–CeO2 nanoparticles were made to invigorate in Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) seeds by nano-priming treatment. The determined germination rate, root phenotype, shoot phenotype, and vigor index by nano-priming were correlated with the hydropriming method without a negative impact. The cytotoxicity of the synthesized samples was also tested in the Vero cell line using MTT assay to prove its non-toxic nature. The effect of translocation and accumulation of CeO2 and Se–CeO2 was examined by viewing the cross-sectional images of root and stem in SEM with EDAX. The result investigates with conserve nanotechnological scheme on small scale application by nano-priming proves the existence of CeO2 and Se–CeO2 in the Macrotyloma uniflorum (horse gram) seed which primes the rapid yield in seed germination and seedlings vigor. The novel stable nano-bio catalyst Se–CeO2 with high protein plant source and sodium selenite as a dopant compound to enhance the yield of horse gram seed compared to CeO2 without raising cytotoxicity.

Monte Carlo simulation of the radiolysis of the ceric sulfate dosimeter by low linear energy transfer radiation

The ceric sulfate dosimeter is based on the radio-induced reduction of Ce4+ in acidic medium. For low linear energy transfer (LET) radiation, the yield of Ce3+ is 2.4 molecules / 100 eV, regardless of the presence of oxygen. To investigate the reaction mechanisms of the ceric sulfate dosimeter, we simulated the chemical reaction kinetics curves and the evolution of G(Ce3+), G(O2), and G(H2) in the ceric sulfate solution with and without oxygen. Studies of G(Ce3+) as function of the initial concentration of Ce3+ and of the LET were also done. One important finding of this study is that •OH radicals are scavenged by the reaction •OH + HSO4– → SO4•– + H2O, rather than by the reaction •OH + Ce3+ → Ce4+ + OH–.

Chemiluminescence determination of ferulic acid by flow-injection analysis using cerium(IV) sensitized by rhodamine 6G

A simple, sensitive and rapid flow-injection chemiluminescence method has been developed for the determination of ferulic acid based on the chemiluminescence reaction of ferulic acid with rhodamine 6G and ceric sulfate in sulphuric acid medium. Strong chemiluminescence signal was observed when ferulic acid was injected into the acidic ceric sulfate solution in a flow-cell. The present method allowed the determination of ferulic acid in the concentration range of 8.0 × 10 −6 to 1.0 × 10 −4 mol l −1 and the detection limit for ferulic acid was 8.7 × 10 −9 mol l −1. The relative standard deviation was 2.4% for 10 replicate analyses of 1.0 × 10 −5 mol l −1 ferulic acid. The proposed method was applied to the determination of ferulic acid in Taita Beauty Essence samples with satisfactory results.

Photon fluence spectra and absorbed dose in water irradiated by cladded 60Co source plaques

It seems there are little or no quantitative data on the photon fluence spectra as a function of depth in a product that pertain to the irradiation by large plaque sources used in radiation processing. Such data can be used to determine absorbed-dose correction factors for dosimeters whose energy response differs from that of the product material. The present work describes Monte Carlo calculations that have been done to obtain this information. The assumed configuration typifies the irradiation of a unit-density product by a large plaque source comprised of a uniform distribution of AECL Type C-188 source pencils. The calculations take into account pair-production, Compton, and photoelectric interactions in the 60Co slug, the Zircalloy/steel inner/outer capsule wall materials, and the 45-cm thick water targets on both sides of the plaque source. The calculated photon fluence spectra are used to assess the ratio of the dose in various thick dosimeters to that in the water product. Dosimeter materials of C, LiF, Li 2B 4O 7, SiO 2, PMMA, nylon, and alanine and of ferrous sulfate, ceric sulfate, K-Ag dichromate, and ethanol-chlorobenzene solutions have been considered.

Wavelength controlled production of SO4- radicals in the ultraviolet photolysis of ceric sulfate solutions

Solutions of cerium(III)/(IV) and formic acid in 0.4 M sulfuric acid have been photolysed under 254 nm and 365 nm light. Marked differences in the reaction kinetics and quantum yields are observed at the two different wavelengths. At 365 nm, the reactions leading to cerium(IV) reduction are caused almost exclusively by the SO4- radical. The ratio of rate constants, k(SO4- + CeIII)/ k(SO4- + HCOOH), is 116 � 11 and the quantum yield of sulfate radicals, ф(SO4-), is 0.023 � 0.002. At 254 nm, the reactions leading to cerium(IV) reduction are caused mainly by the OH radical, but approximately 35% of the oxidizing radicals formed in the primary photochemical reaction are SO4-. Cerium(III) species, excited at 254 nm, transfer energy to cerium(IV) and this results in an additional yield of OH and SO4- radicals. Fluorescence measurements confirmed the efficiency of the energy transfer reaction. The ratio of rate constants, k(OH+CeIII)/k(OH+HCOOH), is 2.22 � 0.18 and ф(CeIV*) and ф(CelIII*) giving oxidizing radicals are 0.116 � 0.010 and 0.0083 � 0.0008 respectively. Thus about 5 times more total oxidizing radicals are produced from excited cerium(IV) species at 254 nm than at 365 nm.

Aqueous chemical dosimetry

Aqueous chemical dosimetry based on ceric and ferrous sulfate solutions and on a number of fluorescence-induced systems is reviewed. Particular attention is given to the factors affecting the response of these dosimeters to radiation and the corrections necessary for more accurate dosimetry under various irradiation conditions. The effect of cerous and ceric ion, oxygen, and sulfuric acid concentration on the ceric dosimeter is discussed together with the effects of temperature, energy of radiation, degraded energy spectra, and peroxysulfuric acids. Practical aspects of ceric/cerous dosimetry are given. Although ferrous sulfate solution is the most important and widely studied reference dosimeter, general agreement has not been reached on the “best” value for the molar extinction coefficient of ferric ions nor on the correction necessary to the G(Fe3+) value for irradiations at temperatures significantly different from 25°C. New data are presented which indicate that the larger temperature coefficients given in the literature are more accurate. The ferrous sulfate system has been great importance in establishing the primary radiolytic yields for 0.4 M sulfuric acid solution; it is shown how the failure to take into account the effect of oxygen and ferrous sulfate concentrations has led to erroneously high estimates of the zero solute concentration values in acid solutions. Some of the methods for extending the dose ranges measurable with ferrous sulfate-based solutions are reviewed. Substances which on irradiation give highly fluorescent products are among the most sensitive aqueous chemical dosimeters. These include benzoate and terephthalate solutions and the more recent coumarin and trimesate solutions. Advantages and disadvantages of each system are discussed.

Standard enthalpies of formation of uranium compounds VI. MUO 3 (M = Li, Na, K, and Rb)

Enthalpies of solution of MUO3 (M = Li, Na, K, and Rb) in a (sulphuric acid + ceric sulphate) solution have been measured calorimetrically. In combination with the enthalpies of solution of U3O8(s), γ-UO3(s), and M2SO4(s) in this solvent the standard enthalpies of formation of MUO3 have been derived. The results obtained are: ΔHfo(s, 298.15 K)/kJ mol−1: LiUO3, − (1522.1 ± 1.7); NaUO3, − (1494.6 ± 1.6); KUO3, − (1522.9 ± 1.6); RbUO3, − (1520.9 ± 1.7).

Radiation dosimetry for commissioning Egypt's “mega-gamma I” facility for radiation processing

The use of ionizing radiation for sterilization of medical products and biological tissues has become an alternative to autoclaving or gas treatment by ethylene oxide. Moreover, large radiation facilities are now increasing for processing many industrial products, such as rubber, textiles, plastics, coatings, films, wire and cable. For quality control of irradiated products released to the public, greater consideration is now being given to the use of physical radiation dosimetry, since it is simple, reliable, and reproducible. The present work describes dosimetry for the new 60Co irradiation plant, located at the National Center for Radiation Research and Technology of Egypt. Detailed measurements of absorbed dose extremes in product boxes processed in the plant were made using commercially supplied dyed plastic dosimeters (Red Acrylic and Red Perspex). These physical dosimeters were calibrated against the yield of cerous ion due to γ-ray irradiation of ceric sulphate solution as a standard chemical dosimeter.

Titrimetric determination of dissolved oxygen in waste water

Winkler's procedure for the determination of dissolved oxygen has been modified to cope with substantial amounts of oxidizing or reducing substances in the samples. The manganese(III) is treated with an excess of hydroquinone, the unconsumed part of which is then titrated with standard ceric sulphate solution. A blank determination is also carried out, in which the order of addition of reagents is reversed so that the solution is always acidic, to allow for the interfering substances present. Results obtained by using this modified procedure on clean samples are in good agreement with results obtained by the usual Winkler method.

Glow-discharge electrolysis on ferrous and ceric sulphate solutions

The effects of glow-discharge electrolysis on acidic solutions either of ferrous sulphate or of ceric sulphate have been studied as a function of the pressure, of the presence of oxygen and of the polarity of the working electrode. The results obtained indicate that the ceric sulphate solution is more suitable as a chemical dosimeter because its response is more reproducible, unaffected by the presence of oxygen and by the sulphuric acid concentration; in addition the effect of the pressure is more significant.

Glow-discharge electrolysis on ferrous and ceric sulphate solutions

The effects of glow-discharge electrolysis on acidic solutions either of ferrous sulphate or of ceric sulphate have been studied as a function of the pressure, of the presence of oxygen and of the polarity of the working electrode. The results obtained indicate that the ceric sulphate solution is more suitable as a chemical dosimeter because its response is more reproducible, unaffected by the presence of oxygen and by the sulphuric acid concentration; in addition the effect of the pressure is more significant.

Additional comments on the precision standardization of ceric sulfate solutions

Additional comments on the precision standardization of ceric sulfate solutions

Analysis of Certain Phenothiazines and Their Dosage Forms by Photometric Titration with Ceric Sulfate

A photometric titration procedure is described for the determination of a number of phenothiazine derivatives and their dosage forms. An acidic solution of the drug or dosage form is titrated with standard ceric sulfate solution. The end point is determined photometrically at 420mG. Quantitative recoveries are reported for 14 phenothiazine derivatives and three dosage forms.

Microdetermination of thorium

Abstract Thorium was determined titrimetrically by dissolving the complex, formed by boiling thorium nitrate and sodium rhodizonate together, in dilute H2SO4. The dissolved complex in acid solution was titrated against standard ceric sulfate solution using N-phenylanthranilic acid as indicator. Complex is formed in the ratio of 1:2. Maximum error is 0.9%. The range in which thorium was estimated varied from 11.2663 × 10−4 to 45.0752 × 10−4 mg/liter. Interference by certain metal ions was observed.

Titrimetric microdetermination of ruthenium(III) and rhodium(III)

Titrimetric microdetermination of ruthenium (III) and rhodium(III) with ceric sulfate are described. Oxidation results in the formation of ruthenium(IV) and rhodium(IV). Remaining ceric sulfate solution is titrated against a standard solution of ferrous ammonium sulfate using N -phenyl anthranilic acid as indicator. Interference by cations has been observed in both cases. Range in which ruthenium and rhodium have been estimated vary from 0.3 to 16.6 mg/liter and from 0.19 to 11.7 mg/liter, respectively.

Precision standardization of ceric sulfate solutions

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrecision standardization of ceric sulfate solutionsA. J. ZielenCite this: Anal. Chem. 1968, 40, 1, 139–145Publication Date (Print):January 1, 1968Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 January 1968https://doi.org/10.1021/ac60257a032RIGHTS & PERMISSIONSArticle Views183Altmetric-Citations11LEARN ABOUT THESE METRICSArticle Views are the COUNTER-compliant sum of full text article downloads since November 2008 (both PDF and HTML) across all institutions and individuals. These metrics are regularly updated to reflect usage leading up to the last few days.Citations are the number of other articles citing this article, calculated by Crossref and updated daily. Find more information about Crossref citation counts.The Altmetric Attention Score is a quantitative measure of the attention that a research article has received online. Clicking on the donut icon will load a page at altmetric.com with additional details about the score and the social media presence for the given article. Find more information on the Altmetric Attention Score and how the score is calculated. Share Add toView InAdd Full Text with ReferenceAdd Description ExportRISCitationCitation and abstractCitation and referencesMore Options Share onFacebookTwitterWechatLinked InReddit PDF (863 KB) Get e-Alerts Get e-Alerts

Silent Discharge Reactions in Aqueous Solutions. II. An Acidic Aqueous Solution of Ceric Sulfate in Atmospheres of Helium and Argon

Abstract In an atmosphere of helium or argon, the silent discharge reaction of an acidic aqueous solution of ceric sulfate has been investigated from the point of view of radiation chemistry. The results show the reduction of ceric ions to cerous ions. The situation is very similar to that in the case of radiation chemistry. From the known mechanism of the radiolysis of a ceric sulfate solution, the yield of “hydrogen atoms minus hydroxyl radicals” has been determined. Also, combining this yield with that of “hydrogen atoms plus hydroxyl radicals” previously obtained gave the respective yields of hydrogen atoms and hydroxyl radicals. Moreover, on the basis of the value of the dose rate previously determined, the G values of the hydrogen atom, the hydroxyl radical and the cerous ion were determined to be as follows: in helium: G(H)=1.1,G(OH)=1.6,G(Ce3+)=1.6; in argon: G(H)=0.6,G(OH)=0.7,G(Ce3+)=2.9. On the basis of these results, it may be concluded that the silent discharge reactions in an aqueous solution in inert gas can well be interpreted in terms of the radiolysis caused by the ionizing radiation of high LET.

Assay of Sodium Nitrite

The official U.S.P. assay for sodium nitrite which employs standard permanganate and standard oxalate solutions is compared with a new method using standard ceric sulfate solution. The proposed method is shown to be more accurate than the official method by comparison of the results with the absolute purity of the sodium nitrite determined by phase solubility analysis. The official N.F. XI method for sodium nitrite tablets involving determination of chloride produced by reduction of potassium chlorate is shown to give unacceptable precision.

Protein-Bound Iodine, Total Iodine, and Butanol-extractable Iodine by Partial Automation

Abstract The determination of iodine compounds in serum is simplified by using an automatic system to record the decolorization of the ceric sulfate solution. A method for modifying existing technics for PBI and BEI determinations, prior to this step, is described. Good agreement between the automated and manual technics was achieved.