Central State Authority Research Articles

Beyond Cerdá: Public housing in the Barcelona periphery

Mass migration into the city of Barcelona in the 1950s created an estimated deficit of 100,000 dwellings by the close of the decade, and by the early 1960s an estimated 100,000 people were living in shanty towns in and around the city. In an effort to address this crisis, central State and local housing authorities constructed a series of housing estates in the urban periphery, beyond the central ensanche (expansion), the centrepiece of Ildefonso Cerdá’s 1860 master plan for the city. Using secondary sources, original photographs taken at the end of the Franco era, and more recent Google Earth images, this article discusses the role of the main housing authorities at the time, and examines the planning process that allowed the construction of these housing estates and their subsequent demolition or remodelling in the post-Franco era. The article finds that the public authorities allowed planning regulations to be contravened, or used loopholes and special measures within the planning laws, to construct housing units of minimal dimensions and generally poor quality in areas often zoned for other uses. More recently, “special plans” have been used effectively to improve or replace the majority of these estates. The article concludes that political will was the dominant factor in determining housing construction in the Franco era with the planning process being largely an irrelevance, and that residents’ associations have led the struggle for improvements in these estates in the post-Franco era, with the revised planning laws providing an effective framework for change.

Regional food security management based on Data Driven Decision Making

The goal is to study the effectiveness of food security management in the country and regions based on the principles of Data Driven Decision Making (DDDM) for making justified and effective decisions. This research was carried out as part of implementation of the tasks of the project on grant financing of Science Committee of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan on the topic AP14871923 “Management of regional food security in the context of global challenges based on the concept of Data Driven Decision Making.” Methods - the works of domestic and foreign economists concerning the problems of food supply in the context of globalization and integration of the country's economy were used as theoretical and methodological basis for the study. Scientific research methods: monographic, abstract, logical, systemic and complex analysis, statistical data processing, structural-functional approach. Results - the authors considered the possibility of using DDDM in agricultural sector. Conclusions - implementation of the results allows to obtain a multiplier effect associated with achieving sustainability of agro-industrial system of the country's regions through the implementation of DDDM principles in practical activities of central state and local authorities. It is substantiated that the use of the concept of decision-making based on Data Driven Decision Making contributes to objective assessment of economic and physical availability of food, food safety, when quality of raw materials and products meets established requirements and guarantees safe consumption. It is necessary to support domestic production and reduce imports. This policy is followed by many countries with high level of food self-sufficiency.

ЕФЕКТИВНІСТЬ ПРОВЕДЕННЯ ДЕРЖАВНИХ ФІНАНСОВИХ АУДИТІВ В УМОВАХ ВІЙНИ

In the context of transformational changes, there is a growing need for a deeper study of the theoretical and methodological foundations of state financial control, its constituent forms and types, taking into account positive experience from foreign countries in its organization and effective implementation. Improvement of approaches to determining the strategic directions of state financial control by the central state authorities in the medium term is an expedient step that will improve the efficiency of management of the system of public finance in war conditions. The development of public relations, integration processes and the reform of the control system determine the new requirements for the organization and conduct of state control in the management of budget resources. That is why the emphasis of control powers in the public administration sector, especially on budget resources, creates the need for careful study of the category. At the same time, it is important to establish appropriate institutional principles for the organization of the state financial control system by the central executive authorities as well as to determine the directions for further development of its components in the context of a fullscale invasion. Improving the system of state financial control is a key issue, taking into account the best experience of countries with developed and transformational economies. Enhancing the capabilities of state financial control requires a more rational use of the potential of regulatory control procedures and identifying ways to increase their effectiveness. This confirms the relevance of the chosen research topic and determines its aim. The article is aimed at revealing the possibilities and prospects for creating new forms and types of state financial audits in those areas where budget resources are used, which will allow efficient and effective use of public finance resources within the framework of implementation of European norms of functioning of the system of state financial control. The article considers the importance of defining clear outlined goals during various forms of state financial audits. The main sources of threat are revealed in those areas where budget resources are used, because if in some departments we use funds with violations, then it is logical that other departments receive less money to solve their main problems. Criteria for selecting the main objectives and sub-objectives of the audit have been developed. The main performance indicators of the State Audit Service of Ukraine in the conditions of war were monitored, data on the Chernivtsi region were considered. The authors proved that the effectiveness and efficiency of control measures are the key issues to a successful future of our country.

Организация и проведение санитарно-эпидемиологических мероприятий в Сталинграде и отдельных районах Сталинградской области (1942–1943 гг.)

Introduction. The victory at Stalingrad was secured not just by actions on the fronts. An important role was played by social activities, including health care for the population and the army and the fight against epidemics. Despite this, not all areas of sanitary and anti-epidemic work carried out in Stalingrad have been studied comprehensively. Methods and materials. The source base for the study was archival materials stored in the central and Volgograd regional archives. Among them are the documents of the central and regional state authorities on the sanitary condition in Stalingrad and the epidemic measures being carried out in it. In the work on the article, comparative-historical and statistical methods, the method of source study, structural-diachronic and system analysis were used. Analysis. In the frontline and liberated from occupation areas of the Stalingrad region, an extremely unfavorable sanitary condition was noted. This inevitably led to the spread of infectious diseases – cholera, tularemia, typhoid and typhus, malaria – and caused the need for urgent anti-epidemic measures. Sanitary clearing of the city, cleaning and burial of corpses, restoration of water supply, expansion of the network of medical institutions, provision of baths and deodorant chambers, mass sanitation and immunization of the population, organization of soap production in the region were considered as priorities. The work of emergency anti-epidemic commissions was restored. Results. The anti-epidemic measures implemented in Stalingrad during the war made it possible to prevent the spread of acute infectious epidemic diseases.

Subversive comparisons

Subversive comparisons

General information about the territory of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic

Purpose. The purpose of the article is to clarify previously known but insufficiently researched facts, to discover new facts, to deepen the study of knowledge about the Green Wedge, to analyze the real state of the subject of research. Methodology. The methodology includes the analysis of the theoretical and source base with further generalization and formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the problem, the work uses a complex of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods and approaches, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity and comprehensiveness. The results. In the process of research, it was recognized that the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic (as it is commonly believed, Green Ukraine or Green Wedge) had an impressive total area, which is at least one and a half times larger than the territory of modern Ukraine. The article examines general information about the territory, total area, borders and connections of the Green Wedge, which consisted of land, water (river and sea), railway routes. Originality. In the course of the research, it was established that the research and coverage of the issue of the state formation of the Ukrainian people of the last century against the background of the events that took place since 2014, namely: the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the military invasion of Eastern Ukraine, as well as the full-scale military invasion on February 24, 2022, are quite relevant to the modern sovereign and independent, democratic, social, legal state of Ukraine, which are examples of Russian expansionist ambitions and imperialist policies. As a result, today the Ukrainian people stand in defense of democratic values, the European path of development, territorial integrity and state sovereignty of Ukraine. One of the stages of state formation of the Ukrainian people is the formation of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic, which lasted from 1917 to 1922, and therefore it is necessary to assimilate the state formation of the Ukrainian people against the background of recent events. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by central, regional and local state authorities in the formation of diaspora policy while addressing cultural, linguistic, legal and educational needs, as well as in the development of programs for the historical development of the Ukrainian people in the environment of the Ukrainian diaspora and on the territory of modern Ukraine.

Legislative changes in conduct of financial control by state authorities during the war

The paper provides a legal description of financial control (with regard to the activities of state bodies) as one of the means and methods of the state's controlling influence on the activities of the public sector in relation to subjects involved in various sectors of the economy. The problematic legal issues that arose during the introduction of martial law in Ukraine regarding the exercise of control over business entities are considered. The most effective means, measures and legislative acts adopted after February 24, 2022 are considered. The state of war made it possible to understand that the issues of increasing the activity of the controlling bodies themselves, namely transparency, accountability and efficiency of their activities, are gaining special relevance. The joint activity of central state authorities, local self-government bodies, control bodies and business entities of state and communal forms of ownership is considered. An effective system of financial control over the management of state (local) resources (public funds, non-current and other assets) and their use is not only a tool for guaranteeing the transparency, accountability and quality of the activities of state authorities, local self-government bodies and business entities, but also essentially an effective mechanism for ensuring the financial stability and security of the country during martial law, achieving the strategic goals of the state, the effectiveness of state policy, improving the quality of life of the population and, in particular, reforming the system of public finance management. Current legislation practically does not regulate the organization of internal (local) and public state financial control, which causes the absence of a unified system of financial control bodies at the level of territorial communities. The following conclusions were made in the paper: financial control is an important factor in increasing the efficiency of economic activity of economic entities (of various branches). And it has been proven that precisely during the war, such control plays a major role in state regulation of the economy. When delimiting the powers of control bodies, one should not forget about their interaction with each other. It is their coordinated work, the introduction of changes in legislation during wartime that can contribute to bringing Ukraine's economy to a much higher level. More than ever, during the war, all bodies must act in a coordinated manner and their actions must be aimed at ensuring the economic growth of individuals and legal entities - entrepreneurs.

Methodology of tax consultation in the aspect of activity theory of law-enforcement

Tax reforms contributed to the recognition and consolidation of the institute of the tax consultations. This created the need to research new relationships between controlling tax authorities and taxpayers, as well as solving problems of legal regulation of their status at the level of industry legislation. The law-making methodology of tax consultations is of considerable interest, in particular through the prism of activity theory in law-enforcement. The application of the activity approach to the problems of modern tax law is inextricably linked with the trend of anthropologizing tax legal science and practice. Therefore, tax consultations act as informational and guarantee tools, through which conditions are created for the taxpayer to properly and consistently exercise his rights and obligations, even in such a rather difficult period of our state's existence.
 It has been proven that cooperation (partnership) in the tax field requires taxpayers to bring to the attention of the tax authorities all the circumstances of their economic activity that are important for taxation. Instead, taxpayers have the opportunity to receive from the tax authorities detailed and proper explanations on the issues of calculating and paying taxes, as well as fair (adequate) taxation and guarantees against prosecution for alleged miscalculations or mistakes made by the tax authorities.
 Individual tax consultation is an explanation of the controlling state authority; provided to the taxpayer regarding the practical use of certain norms of tax and other legislation (the control over compliance with which is entrusted to the controlling state authority); registered in the unified register of individual tax consultations. A general tax consultation is a publication of the position of the central executive state authority regarding the practical use of certain norms of tax and other legislation. This position was formed based on the generalization of individual tax consultations, which are provided by controlling state authorities to taxpayers, and/or in the event of discovering circumstances that indicate the ambiguity of certain norms of such legislation.
 The author defined the guiding principles that underlie the methodological law-making of tax consultation: the principle of demand for tax consultation, the principle of formally defined subject orientation of tax consultation, the principle of priority of generalizing tax consultation, the principle of guaranteeing the interests of the taxpayer, the principle of presumption of legality of the taxpayer's decisions. The results of the use of tax consultation depend on the chosen methodological principles of its formation – necessity, reliability of interpretation of the provisions of the legislation, level of comprehensiveness, degree of persuasiveness, and truthfulness for the addressee – the taxpayer.

أثر اختصاصات مجالس المحافظات في حقوق الإنسان

Human rights are among the highest levels of public order. The state seeks to ensure their protection and non-violation. Since satisfying the needs of individuals and providing them with the best services are among the priorities of the administration, the administrative organs that are concerned with this will have a permanent influence on those rights. They either contribute to their protection or to be a cause of violating those rights. After the functions and tasks of the modern state have been multiplied, it has become very difficult for all the needs of individuals to be satisfied by the central state authorities. Therefore, it was necessary to give a role to the decentralized local bodies to carry out the tasks of satisfying the needs of local individuals, as they are more capable than others to perform this role. As a result of this, administrative decentralization arose as a method or method of administrative organization, and the governorate council enjoys an important and vital legal position in the system of regional administrative decentralization. It exercises its powers granted to it in accordance with the principles of administrative decentralization, and that these competencies have human rights implications. Positively and negatively, the Law of Governorates not Organized in a Region No. 21 of 2008, as amended, is considered as a fundamental turning point in the way of implementing the administrative decentralization system in Iraq. However, some of its texts need to be revised and amended, to come up with a more integrated organization that achieves the purpose for which this system was established which is the distribution of administrative functions between the central administration, the local authorities, and the central administration’s focus on national goals, as well as granting these bodies the necessary independence to exercise the powers specified for them by law. This could be done by enabling them to manage their affairs, being the closest to individuals, and the most knowledgeable of their needs, which is due the public benefit of local communities, and contributes to the development of those communities.

ДЕРЖАВОТВОРЕННЯ УКРАЇНСЬКОЇ ДАЛЕКОСХІДНОЇ РЕСПУБЛІКИ У 1917-1922 РОКАХ: КОНСТИТУЦІЯ НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНОЇ АВТОНОМІЇ УКРАЇНЦІВ НА ДАЛЕКОМУ СХОДІ

The purpose of the article is to clarify previously known but insufficiently researched facts, to discover new facts, to deepen the study of knowledge about the Green Wedge, to analyze the real state of the subject of research. Methodology. The methodology includes the analysis of the theoretical and source base with further generalization and formulation of relevant conclusions and recommendations. Given the interdisciplinary nature of the problem, the work uses a complex of general scientific, special legal, special historical and philosophical methods and approaches, as well as the principles of objectivity, historicism, systematicity and comprehensiveness. The results. In the course of the research, it was determined that on May 30, 1919, the Constitution of the National and Cultural Autonomy of Ukrainians in the Far East was approved at the II session of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Regional Council (with the participation of representatives of the Vladivostok, Mykyl-Usuriy, Iman, Khabarovsk, Svobodnen, Zabaikal and Manchurian Ukrainian District Councils) on May 30, 1919 , in which the structure, principles of formation and functioning, competence of national self-government bodies, as well as the issue of determining the civil-legal status of the Ukrainian population of the Far East are fixed. The Far Eastern Ukrainians sought to secure their freedom for an independent national and cultural life in their new homeland with the aim of preserving and freely developing these natural treasures, national identity and character. The main goal of the Ukrainian national movement in the Far East in 1917-1922 was the national self-determination of the Ukrainian population of the Far East in the form of national-territorial or national-cultural autonomy, the principles of which are contained in Article 6 of the Constitution of the National-Cultural Autonomy of Ukrainians in the Far East. Originality. In the course of the research, it was established that the research and coverage of the issue of the state formation of the Ukrainian people of the last century against the background of the events that took place since 2014, namely: the annexation of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, the military invasion of Eastern Ukraine, as well as the full-scale military invasion on February 24, 2022, are quite relevant to the modern sovereign and independent, democratic, social, legal state of Ukraine, which are examples of Russian expansionist ambitions and imperialist policies. As a result, today the Ukrainian people stand in defense of democratic values, the European path of development, territorial integrity and state sovereignty of Ukraine. One of the stages of state formation of the Ukrainian people is the formation of the Ukrainian Far Eastern Republic, which lasted from 1917 to 1922. Practical significance. The results of the study can be used by central, regional and local state authorities in the formation of diaspora policy while addressing cultural, linguistic, legal and educational needs, as well as in the development of programs for the historical development of the Ukrainian people in the environment of the Ukrainian diaspora and on the territory of modern Ukraine.

POPULISMO VS COVID-19: PROCESSOS CIVILIZATÓRIOS E DESCIVLIZADORES EM TEMPOS DE CATÁSTROFE GLOBAL

Abstract What constitutes a “civilized society”? The Oxford Dictionary defines it as one that has reached “an advanced stage of human development in which people […] behave well towards each other and share a common culture.” Yes, but there is more to “being civilized” than this. Based on Norbert Elias’ The Civilizing Process, this paper examines how the rise of populism in leading Anglo-American societies has undermined many of the essential attributes of civilized societies. Although the emergence of COVID-19 further added to this decivilizing process, COVID-19 and populism oppose each other. The former shows the empty promises and fraud of the latter, which can only be defeated by belief in science and a strong (but accountable) central state authority. Despite damaging individuals and societies, COVID-19 ironically helps strengthen the civilising process and weaken populism.

О НЕКИМ ОРТОГРАФСКИМ ОДЛИКАМА ПИСАНЕ ГРАЂЕ ИЗ 19. ВИЈЕКА (ИЛУСТРАЦИЈЕ И КОМЕНТАРИ) / ON SOME ORTHOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS OF THE WRITTEN MATERIAL FROM THE 19TH CENTURY (ILLUSTRATIONS AND COMMENTS)

One hundred and seventy years after the death of Petar II Petrovic Njegos, and one hundred and ninety years since he was elected as the head of the Montenegrin state, and, therefore, since the establishment of the Montenegrin Senate, are all the reasons and an important occasion for returning to the written material of the Montenegrin Senate in this paper. The paper is part of a broader linguistic analysis of the documentation of the central and highest state authority in 19th -century Montenegro. It represents an orthographic analysis of the original documents of the Montenegrin Senate (formed at the beginning of the rule of Njegos – 1831) – both as the addresser and the addressee. Specifically, we followed the written reflection of consonant contacts at the morpheme boundaries within words, as well as consonant contacts at the junctions of individual words. Given the number of correspondents of the epistolary communication of the Montenegrin Senate, our analysis reveals the segments of collective orthographic practice from that period in Montenegro. The conclusions about the collective orthographic practice of one period are based on the process of monitoring the spelling procedures of individuals of different literacy levels. In spite of their limitations and, therefore, the limitations of the analysis, it provided the material that helped us discern a collective orthographic trait – a considerable inconsistency in the orthography of consonant groups at the morpheme boundaries within words and relative stability in their orthography at the junction of individual words: in the orthography of consonant groups at the morpheme boundaries within words, two ways of writing are dominant – morphological and phonological, while in the orthography of consonant groups at the junctions of separate words, the morphological principle is mostly established. The same type of orthographic instability was mainly characteristic of the literary expression of the 19th century. This is observable in the comparison of the recorded situation with the data about the orthography of Njegos and with the data on the orthographic procedures of other writers of the time in Montenegro.

Enclaved or enmeshed? Local governance of oil finds in Turkana, Kenya

The development of high-value extractive resources in the rural peripheries of sub-Saharan Africa is often viewed as a securitised project separated from society and politics in neighbouring areas. It follows that extractive operations can happen in an enclave, partitioned from political society, contestation and struggle in nearby areas. Yet, this way of understanding extractive operations – ‘seeing like an oil company’ – draws analytical attention away from other ways of ‘seeing’ at the geographic and political margins, and associated reconfigurations in local governance and political relations that follow the establishment of sites and wayleaves for resource extraction. Taking the example of oil exploration and appraisal operations in the Turkana region of Kenya’s far northwest, this article examines how investments in oil operations at the periphery are governed. Territorialisation processes driven by oil capital have been unable to advance through the establishment of walled-off enclaves. Rather, oil operations in Turkana are enmeshed with local influence networks and political society, whose significance is even greater in a context of devolution. These findings contribute to debates on strategies used by large outside capital to define and hence territorialize resources for extraction in places where the presence of central state authority is weakly felt and negotiating power is both localised and diffuse.

Limited state governance and institutional hybridization in alluvial ASM in Peru

In the Peruvian Amazon region, mining activities have contaminated land, riverbeds and shores, including in protected areas, causing serious social and environmental impacts. Against this backdrop the Peruvian state decided to implement a formalization plan to regulate small-scale mining and to eradicate mining activities in conservation areas. After years of protests, negotiations and military campaigns in the so-called war against illegal mining fought by the media and central state authorities, the formalization plan for small-scale gold mining in the Amazon has not fulfilled its stated objectives. This article explores the reasons behind the impacts of the formalization process on local governance and institutions. The author argues that the inability of the Peruvian state to effectively apply formalization regulations and laws is explained by limitations in regional governance and also the emergence of local powers which have contested state authority. In addition, the article asserts that state intervention has triggered processes of institutional hybridization which are transforming the rules for governing mining activities. • The formalization process for small-scale gold mining in the Amazon has not fulfilled their stated objectives. • The state's historic extractivist approach towards the region has hindered the implementation of its policies. • Institutional framework that encourages large-scale extraction has not worked for dealing with ASM expansion. • Miners have institutionalized their practices as hybrid institutional entanglements. • Military interventions provoked miners to adopt new strategies to resist state control.

The Muslims of “All Under Heaven”

To what extent did Islam interact with the broader landscape of popular religion in late imperial China? This article provides a preliminary overview of the economic activities, routine rituals, and local spaces in which Muslims presented their beliefs and practices to non-Muslims and engaged with central and local state authorities. Through an examination of the links between mosques and popular shrines, official donations to Islamic institutions, and Muslim engagement with imperial law on the subject of butchery and sacrifices I attempt to move beyond the strict ethnic and religious categories that came to prominence in China and elsewhere during the twentieth century and suggest a framework for understanding Islam’s historical practice in the country.

Urban Peace-Building through Community-Based Initiatives to Control SALWs in Libya

In post-revolution Libya, the proliferation and trafficking of Small Arms and Light Weapons (SALW) became pervasive due to the ongoing political and armed conflict that succeeded the fall of Qaddafi. The continuing state of insecurity and weakness of central state authorities has led local and community-based actors to develop their own peacebuilding initiatives, some of which included homegrown measures to control or reduce the proliferation of SALW. Drawing on insights collected in the cities of Az-Zāwiyah, Bayda, and Tobruk, this policy commentary discusses the mechanisms leading to the emergence of such initiatives, the methods of their implementation, and their strengths and weaknesses. Although these local initiatives did not result in building lasting and comprehensive peace at the national level, they offer a preliminary set of lessons learned that can help inform prospective peacebuilding and SALW control efforts in Libya. <strong>Arabic version:</strong> The Arabic version of this article is available and can be downloaded at <a href="https://doi.org/10.31389/jied.57.s1" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.31389/jied.57.s1</a>

Determinant of Rural-urban differentials of measles vaccination in India: A cross sectional study

Measles is considered as one of the leading vaccine preventable causes of child mortality and morbidity worldwide. Global measles incidence, morbidity and mortality trends improved over the past six decades until a reversal in the downward incidence trend was observed between early 2018 and late 2019. No studies in India have established on rural-urban differentials of measles vaccination on malnutrition, anemia, and diarrhea. The present study tries to examine the coverage of measles, its rural-urban differentials across the various population subgroups, and its associated covariates. National Family Health Survey (NFHS-4), a nationally representative cross-sectional household survey in India conducted in 2015–16 has been used. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression analysis were applied to ascertain the influence of specified socio-demographic variables affecting measles vaccination coverage in India. Investigation of rural-urban differences in vaccination coverage by states shows that measles vaccination coverage is significantly higher in urban areas for 18 of the 36 Indian states. Mother's educations significantly improve vaccination outcomes for children. A socio-economic gradient exists in India's Measles vaccination coverage, mediated by place delivery, education of mothers, and highlighted socio-demographic factors. Eliminating morbidity and mortality from measles in India is feasible, although it will require efficient expanded program on immunization management, enhanced health literacy among mothers, continuing commitment from central state and district political authorities.

Formation of regional conditions for the development of healthy lifestyle infrastructure using public and private partnership mechanisms

The article considers the conditions for the formation of a healthy lifestyle infrastructure in the context of the development of the health care system using the foreign practice of public-private partnership. The article also focuses on the imperfection of the existing health care system and the system of ensuring a healthy lifestyle of the population, on the regional specifics that must be taken into account when implementing the state policy in the field of public health protection in a certain territory. A study of the infrastructure of the health care system and the infrastructure of a healthy lifestyle was conducted. The economic and institutional assessment of the activities of health authorities in the context of the use of public-private partnership mechanisms is given. It is noted that the development of the health care system is impossible without the joint efforts of private organizations, central and territorial state authorities. The author’s definition of the concept of healthy lifestyle infrastructure is given in the article. Improving the infrastructure of a healthy lifestyle, at the same time, is possible only with the use of public-private partnership (PPP), as a key mechanism for interaction between authorities, legal entities and citizens, especially taking into account the regional and municipal specifics of a certain territory.

Legal Regulations of Public Finances and Financial Independence of the State

Financial regulations contained in the Constitution and laws are important for creating the position and independence of the state. They can be used to conduct state policy, including financial policy. The position of the state – from the side of public finances – determine financial regulations regarding: own currency of a given country, position and powers of the central bank, state budget and state authorities’ powers to set the budget act, public debt (limits and structure of public debt), the state’s own business in the basic fields of social, economic, technical, and banking infrastructure.

ПУБЛІЧНЕ УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА АДМІНІСТРУВАННЯ ТЕРИТОРІЙ: МАРКЕТИНГОВИЙ АСПЕКТ

У статті, на основі аналізу вітчизняної законодавчої бази, наукових праць та досвіду з поширених практик діяльності регіональних органів управління окреслено проблему недостатньої уваги органів державної влади і місцевого самоврядування до впровадження концепції маркетингу територій. Визначено особливі характеристики маркетингу територій як філософії територіального розвитку з використанням сучасного інструментарію. Окреслено суб’єктів просування територій, до яких віднесено: центральні органи державної влади; органи місцевого самоврядування і місцеві державні адміністрації; громадських і публічних діячів (національних й іноземних), посадових осіб міжнародних організацій, політиків, діячів науки і освіти, культури і мистецтва; суб’єктів економічної діяльності всіх видів і галузей (підприємства, установи і організації, центральні офіси і представництва корпорацій, холдингів, туристичні оператори і агентства, заклади сфери гостинності (готелі, заклади харчування, розваг), торговельні мережі тощо); представників інфраструктури бізнесу і ринку (територіальні економічні асоціації розвитку, торгові доми, підприємства транспорту, зв'язку, ЗМІ, фінансові установи тощо); громадські організації і осередки політичних партій; спортивні клуби, комітети і федерації; заклади освіти; діаспору; інших.&#x0D; Запропоновано визначати три рівні впровадження заходів маркетингу територій, а саме: макрорівень – рівень центральних органів державної влади; мезорівень – рівень органів місцевого самоврядування і місцевих державних адміністрацій; мікрорівень – рівень окремих суб’єктів господарювання. Це, на відміну від існуючих підходів дозволяє розмежовувати повноваження між суб’єктами маркетингу територій. Окреслено окремі види заходів та виконавців, відповідно запропонованих рівнів управління.