Central-southern Part Research Articles

Characteristics of Heavy Rainfall and Flood Disaster in Central Southern part of Oita Prefecture by Typhoon No.18 “Tyhoon Talim”in 2017

Characteristics of Heavy Rainfall and Flood Disaster in Central Southern part of Oita Prefecture by Typhoon No.18 “Tyhoon Talim”in 2017

Petrophysical Evaluation and Pressure Analysis of the Cretaceous Alam EL-Bueib Sand Reservoirs, Jade Field, North Western Desert, Egypt

The present study deals with integration between petrophysical evaluation and reservoir pressure analysis toevaluate the hydrocarbon bearing sand zones of Jade field in north Western Desert, Egypt. Eight wells scattered in Jadefield are analyzed and studied for determining the different petrophysical parameters of the Lower Cretaceous Alam ELBueibreservoirs. This study reveals the presence of three hydrocarbon-bearing sand zones (Alam EL-Bueib-3D, Alam ELBueib-3E and Alam EL-Bueib-3G) with good hydrocarbon potential encountered at different depth levels in the Alam ELBueibFormation. The well log analysis of the Alam EL-Bueib reservoirs including; data editing, data correction, anddetermination of lithology and porosity using different types of cross plots such as density-neutron and M-N cross plots.The density-neutron cross plots show that the Alam EL-Bueib reservoirs are mainly sandstones with some calcareouscement. The bulk density ranges from 2.3 to 2.6 g/cc. The effective porosities are 11.5, 14.2 and 11.05 %, and the shalevolumes are 10.6, 5 and 5.9 % in the Alam EL-Bueib-3D, 3E and 3G, respectively, implying good reservoir quality.Petrophysical parameters of the Alam EL-Bueib reservoirs are illustrated on iso-parametric maps to delineate the mosteffective sand zones. The iso-parametric maps of the Alam EL-Bueib reservoirs such as net pay, effective porosity andgross sand show an increase in the central southern and northern parts of the study area especially in Alam EL-Bueib-3Dand 3G units, while in Alam EL-Bueib 3E unit shows an increase in the central southern part only. The analysis ofreservoir pressure data is concerned mainly to locate the different fluid contacts and determine the pressure gradients of oiland gas-bearing zones. It gives necessary knowledge about the driving mechanisms that control the behavior of fluidswithin reservoirs.

Unrecognized species diversity and new insights into colour pattern polymorphism within the widespread Malagasy snake Mimophis (Serpentes: Lamprophiidae)

Although many wide-ranging taxa occur in Madagascar, phylogeographic studies for most of these species are still lacking. This is especially the case for snakes, where of more than 100 endemic species, the population structure of only two species has so far been examined. Here, we examine genetic population structure of one of the most common snakes of Madagascar, Mimophis mahfalensis (Grandidier, 1867). This taxon is the only representative of Psammophiinae in Madagascar, where the majority of species in this subfamily is distributed throughout mainland Africa. Applying an integrative approach, where both morphological data and genetic results from coalescent species delimitation analyses are considered, we determine that Mimophis mahfalensis is composed of two distinct taxa: M. mahfalensis in the central montane and southern parts of Madagascar, and a second new species restricted to the north and north-west, which we describe here. We also examine the colour pattern polymorphism exhibited in Mimophis, which has been previously hypothesized as sexually dimorphic and/or geographically correlated. However, we find all three colour morphs in both sexes, and both species of Mimophis. Our work highlights the importance of phylogeographic studies that examine wide-ranging taxa to detect cryptic species diversity, even amongst species that are common, or have been previously considered to be well known.www.zoobank.org/lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9791DC0B-49E5-4571-884C-4AA85EAF2472

Intensitas dan Variasi Morfometrik Trichodina sp. pada Benih Ikan Gurami (Osphronemus gouramy Lacepede) Pendederan I yang Dijual di Pasar Ikan Purwonegoro Kabupaten Banjarnegara

Purwonegoro Fish Market, Banjarnegara district is the largest fish market in Central Java southern and western parts. This fish market serves as a center for buying and selling fish and fish seed traffic in a particular place to the location of the fish farmers. It will possibly spread a particular type of disease from one area to another. Trichodina sp. is found in the seed of gouramy fish hatchery center area with the pathogenicity level reached 80%. Trichodina sp. has a big role in the cultivation of gouramy production by reducing the physical condition of the fish so dangerous and cause death of gouramy in the seed phase. The results showed that as many as 150 gouramy fish fry were examined, 56 gouramy fish fry were infected Trichodina sp. All of Trichodina sp. are found as many as 573 individual from the gouramy seeds infected. Total intensity of Trichodina sp. from gouramy seeds amounted to 10.97 individual. The measurement results morphometric characters Trichodina sp. show the variation of morphometric with body diameter from 47.5 to 112.5 μm; denticle ring diameter from 22.5 to 47.5 μm; denticle diameter of 12.5 to 42.5 μm, adhesive disc diameter 37.5 to 65 μm; membrane width 2.5-7.5 μm and the number of denticle 13-28. Trichodina sp. allegedly found there are three types of T. heterodentata, T. nigra, and T. acuta.

Seismic site effects in the central zone of Monterrey Metropolitan Area (northeast Mexico) from a geotechnical multidisciplinary assessment

Prediction of the ground shaking response requires data expressed in terms of soil dynamic properties. Based on the analysis of surficial geology, geotechnical borehole data, seismic refraction (VS) and microtremors (H/V) surveys, we have developed a qualitative evaluation of local ground response to earthquakes in the Monterrey Metropolitan Area (MMA), the main urban and economic hub in northern Mexico. The results provide a detailed geotechnical model for the central zone of the MMA. Although such information is not yet complete for the MMA region, an initial approach has been developed in order to estimate the distribution of damage associated with expected moderate earthquakes. An empirical correlation is introduced to obtain VS as a function of standard penetration test blow counts (SPTN). According to the results, the central-southern part of the study area might experience higher amplifications of ground shaking produced by moderate seismicity because the larger thicknesses of alluvial sediments are deposited there. The 2D geotechnical model proposed would be very useful in making decisions regarding planning or land use, deployment of protocols of rapid response and for producing detailed microzonation maps for those zones with similar geological features as the MMA in northeast Mexico.

Textural-chemical changes and deformation conditions registered by phyllosilicates in a fault zone (Pic de Port Vieux thrust, Pyrenees)

Synkinematic phyllosilicates in fault zones can be used to deduce the deformation mechanisms and the conditions of fault activity, as their chemical composition, crystal structure and texture can record the different stages of deformation and fluid-rock interactions. The Pic de Port Vieux, a second-order thrust related to the major Gavarnie thrust in the southern central part of the Pyrenees Axial Zone, juxtaposes Triassic pelites of the hanging wall and Cretaceous limestones of the footwall. In order to investigate the mineralogical and geochemical changes and constrain the deformation conditions of thrusting, characterization of phyllosilicates was performed along a transect in the fault hanging wall pelites.The Triassic pelites are mainly composed of quartz, calcite, phyllosilicates (chlorite and K-white mica) and ±hematite. The core fault zone thickness is estimated to be about one meter of intensively foliated green pelites, whereas the damage zone is composed of several meters of red pelites. XRD data demonstrated that the difference in color is related to hematite which is only present in the damage zone. Phyllosilicates of the damage zone are mainly inherited/diagenetic K-white mica and chlorite. In the core zone, newly formed chlorite is abundant and preferentially located in veins. It is enriched in Fe compared to the chlorite of the red pelites. The well-defined foliation in the core zone is overlaid by preferentially oriented muscovite grains which have homogeneous compositions, with less Na and relatively more Fe than mica from the red pelites. Newly formed chlorite and muscovite in the core zone are synkinematic to the fault activity. They are both related to deformation processes and fluid rock interactions. Kübler index measurements and chlorite thermometry show that synkinematic phyllosilicates have registered a temperature of 270°C±23°C for the damage zone and 285°C±28°C for the core zone which are corresponding to lower-anchizone/epizone grade conditions. Numerical modelling with the geochemical modelling program PhreeqC was performed to determine the favorable conditions for the mineralogical change between red and green pelites. It suggests that the main critical parameter favoring hematite dissolution and chlorite precipitation in the core zone, is the redox conditions. According to the model, the chemical changes in the core zone occurred due to interactions with highly reductive fluids. In addition, the hematite dissolution maybe the source of iron for newly formed phyllosilicates in the core zone that are more iron rich compared to those from the red pelites.

Between the flake and the blade: Associated systems of production at Riparo Tagliente (Veneto, northern Italy)

The Riparo Tagliente site (Verona, Italy) shows three macro phases in which high technological variability can be observed. The aim of this study is to evaluate the specific role of the Middle Paleolithic blade production within this variability. Preliminary results show a complex scenario in which the role of the blade is strictly linked with flake production through mixed reduction systems.
 Two different approaches were used for analysing the lithic assemblages from the site. The first analysis focused on the identification of the reduction systems by determining the techniques, methods and concepts underlying the entire chaîne opératoire. The second approach concentrated on analysing blade production in order to identify its variability.
 Evidence of blade technology from the Middle Pleistocene (MIS 8-6) has been found in northern Europe (France, Belgium). Later, during MIS 5 blades can be found over a larger area, this time also including north-western Germany and the central-southern part of France. A third period (MIS 4-3) marks the appearance of laminar production in southern Europe, including in the Italian peninsula. Based on the present state of research these three phases appear to be on-and-off events without clear evolutionary continuity.
 By repositioning the sequence of Riparo Tagliente within the Italian context we can observe that at the end of the Mousterian period the technological patterns differ greatly, with laminar production being one of its most evident expressions. The origin of this fragmentation is questionable.

Mapping Comparison and Meteorological Correlation Analysis of the Air Quality Index in Mid-Eastern China

With the continuous progress of human production and life, air quality has become the focus of attention. In this paper, Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Shandong and Henan provinces were taken as the study area, where there are 58 air quality monitoring stations from which daily and monthly data are obtained. Firstly, the temporal characteristics of the air quality index (AQI) are explored. Then, the spatial distribution of the AQI is mapped by the inverse distance weighted (IDW) method, the ordinary kriging (OK) method and the Bayesian maximum entropy (BME) method. Additionally, cross-validation is utilized to evaluate the mapping results of these methods with two indexes: mean absolute error and root mean square interpolation error. Furthermore, the correlation analysis of meteorological factors, including precipitation anomaly percentage, precipitation, mean wind speed, average temperature, average water vapor pressure and average relative humidity, potentially affecting the AQI was carried out on both daily and monthly scales. In the study area and period, AQI shows a clear periodicity, although overall, it has a downward trend. The peak of AQI appeared in November, December and January. BME interpolation has a higher accuracy than OK. IDW has the maximum error. Overall, the AQI of winter (November), spring (February) is much worse than summer (May) and autumn (August). Additionally, the air quality has improved during the study period. The most polluted areas of air quality are concentrated in Beijing, the southern part of Tianjin, the central-southern part of Hebei, the central-northern part of Henan and the western part of Shandong. The average wind speed and average relative humidity have real correlation with AQI. The effect of meteorological factors such as wind, precipitation and humidity on AQI is putative to have temporal lag to different extents. AQI of cities with poor air quality will fluctuate greater than that of others when weather changes and has higher correlation with meteorological factors.

Preliminary study on the nautical area scattering coefficient and distribution of mesopelagic fish species in the central-southern part of the South China Sea

PDF HTML阅读 XML下载 导出引用 引用提醒 南海中南部中层鱼资源声学积分值及时空分布初探 DOI: 作者: 作者单位: 中国水产科学研究院 南海水产研究所, 农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室, 农业部南海渔业资源环境科学观测实验站, 广东 广州 510300 作者简介: 张俊(1984-),男,助理研究员,从事海洋渔业声学研究.E-mail:zkexin0901@126.com 通讯作者: 中图分类号: S932 基金项目: 农业部财政专项项目（NFZX2013）；国家重点基础研究发展计划项目（2014CB441500）；农业部财政专项项目（2009-2016）；中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金项目（2014TS18）；农业部南海渔业资源开发利用重点实验室开放基金（FREU2016-01）. Preliminary study on the nautical area scattering coefficient and distribution of mesopelagic fish species in the central-southern part of the South China Sea Author: Affiliation: South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences;Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation & Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture;Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources & Environments, Ministry of Agriculture, Guangzhou 510300, China Fund Project: 摘要 | 图/表 | 访问统计 | 参考文献 | 相似文献 | 引证文献 | 资源附件 | 文章评论 摘要:本研究利用Simrad EK60科学探鱼仪（38 kHz）于2013年春季和2014年春季采集的南沙和中沙、西沙海域渔业声学数据，结合中层拖网取样，采用回声积分法研究了南海中南部中层鱼的资源量及其时空分布特征。结果显示，2014年春季中、西沙海域9次中层拖网作业共捕获和鉴定鱼类和头足类79种，隶属于3纲16目37科60属，其中硬骨鱼纲的种类最多（65种），鞘亚纲次之（13种），软骨鱼纲1种，硬骨鱼纲中巨口鱼科、灯笼鱼科和钻光鱼科的种类最多，分别有20种、13种和6种；南沙海域中层鱼声学积分值（nautical area scattering coefficient，m2/nmi2）显著低于中沙、西沙及邻近海域，前者夜间向上迁移的强度高于后者；2013年春季南沙海域夜间10~200 m和白天200~1000 m声学积分值构成没有显著差异（<0.01）；南沙海域白天200~1000 m不同纬度组间中层鱼声学积分值构成有极显著差异（<0.01）；南海中南部中层鱼声学积分值是（2387±601）m2/nmi2，基于现存公开发表的中层鱼的声学目标强度数据并取其均值，推算南海中南部中层鱼资源量是（8200±2100）万t。研究表明，南海中南部中层鱼声学积分值比全球平均值高约29.2%，可能是我国未来具有开发价值的大宗生物资源。 Abstract:Two acoustical surveys were conducted using a Simrad EK60 scientific echosounder (38 kHz split-beam transducer) in the Nansha, Zhongsha, and Xisha areas during spring 2013 and 2014 to explore the abundance and spatiotemporal distribution of mesopelagic fish species in the central-southern part of the South China Sea. The abundance and distribution were estimated using the echo-integration method based on acoustic data and mid-water trawl samples. We identified 79 fish and squid species in 60 genera, 37 families, 16 orders, and 3 classes in the Zhongsha and Xisha areas during spring 2014. Osteichthyes was the most abundant (65 species), followed by Coleoidea (13 species), and Chondrichthyes was only represented by one species. Stomiidae, Myctophidae, and Gonostomidae (Osteichthyes) were the most abundant families and were represented by 20, 13, and 6 species, respectively. The nautical area scattering coefficient (NASC, m2/nmi2) of mesopelagic fish in the Nansha area was much lower than that in the Zhongsha and Xisha areas, and the former presented more obvious ascending intensity at night. The NASC composition of fish living in 10-200 m depth range at night was not different from that of fish living in 200-1000 m during the day in the Nansha area in spring of 2013, but the difference was significant in the Zhongsha and Xisha areas in spring of 2014. The NASC composition values of fish living in 200-1000 m during the day for the different latitude scopes in the Nansha, Zhongsha, and Xisha areas were significantly different. The NASC of mesopelagic fish in the central-southern part of the South China Sea was (2387±601) m2/nmi2. We estimated the abundance of mesopelagic fish in the central-southern part of the South China Sea to be (82±21) million tons based on the existing mesopelagic fish target strength parameters and the median value. These results indicate that the NASC of mesopelagic fish in the central-southern part of the South China Sea was 29.2% higher than the global average. Mesopelagic fish are a potential major strategic fishery resource and are very important for China to develop. 参考文献 相似文献 引证文献

山口県中南部，才ヶ峠構造線に関連した活断層露頭

山口県中南部，才ヶ峠構造線に関連した活断層露頭

Habitat Suitability Models, for ecological study of the alpine marmot in the central Italian Alps

Habitat Suitability Models (HSMs) are central tools in physical and environmental planning because they are able to predict potential distribution of species. In this study two spatial methods were compared to define the HSM for Marmota marmota L. in the Adamello Brenta Nature Park in the Italian central southern part of the Alps. The first model was based on Weighted Linear Combination (WLC), a nonparametric overlay procedure, the second one was a parametric method based on logistic regression algorithm. Data collected in two sample areas were used to build the models, while data recorded along linear transects evenly distributed throughout the study area were used for testing the model performance. The models were validated calculating the Area Under the Curve (AUC) of the Relative Operating Characteristics (ROC). The two models had similar performances, but the accuracy of the WLC model was slightly higher than the logistic model (AUC of 0.833 instead of 0.821). The habitat preferences of Marmota marmota L. were also investigated with Jacobs index and chi-square test and compared with other studies in different environments. The results demonstrated that the relative importance of environmental factors for Marmota marmota L. changes depending on local conditions.

Modeling the impact of nitrate fertilizers on groundwater quality in the southern part of the Nile Delta, Egypt

The use of fertilizers in agriculture in Egypt, especially nitrogen, has increased significantly in the last decade, resulting in nonpoint contamination of the groundwater resources. This study investigated the effect of using nitrogen fertilizer on groundwater contamination with nitrate in the central southern part of the Nile Delta. NO3− concentrations in shallow groundwater were assessed based on the applied urea dose (the common nitrogen fertilizer used) in year 2014. A groundwater modeling system (GMS) comprising MODFLOW and MT3D was used to simulate the three-dimensional groundwater flow and NO3− transportation processes in El-Menoufia Governorate, located in the central region of the Nile Delta aquifer. Calibration for MODFLOW was conducted to match known head configurations to minimize the water balance differences. Calibration of MT3D was accomplished by fitting the model to the measured NO3− concentrations during the year 2014. The results highlighted areas of groundwater contamination by NO3−, which occurred at shallow depths (40 m) due to the significant loads of nitrogen fertilizer application and the flood irrigation method. While the results suggested one approach was to avoid using contaminated shallow groundwater as a water source, a more sustainable approach would be to implement best management practices to reduce and control the amount of nitrate leaching into the shallow groundwater system in the future.

A redescription of Protolimnesia longa Besch, 1963 from Bolivia, with the first description of the female (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Limnesiidae).

The water mite genus Protolimnesia Lundblad, 1927 is distributed in South and Central America, the Caribbean (Haiti) and southern parts of the USA (Goldschmidt 2004). One odd record is known from Oman (Smit & Pešić 2010). In addition to the nominate subgenus, the genus also includes Protolimnesella Cook, 1980 and Voldroguella Cook, 1981, typical inhabitants of interstitial habitats (Goldschmidt 2004). The nominate subgenus includes seven species and subspecies, most of them are stream-dwellers, but Protolimnesia longa Besch, 1963 appears to be a characteristic inhabitant of the interstitial of intermittent streams. This species was described by Besch (1963) based on a single male from the interstitial of a dry stream at 1200 m altitude in Argentina. Since then, no further records of this species were published. In the original description Besch (1963) illustrated only the ventral and dorsal side. Smit (2002) and Goldschmidt (2004) re-examined the holotype of P. longa deposited in the Viets Collection (SMF) and provided illustrations of the palp and ejaculatory complex, respectively. However, some important characteristics are neither given in the original description nor are visible in the type material. Smit (2002) mentioned that both fourth legs in the holotype slide are positioned in such a way that examination of the claws of IV-L-6 is not possible, Goldschmidt (2004) stated that the ejaculatory complex in the type is mounted laterally and most probably squashed.

Statistical characterization of spatiotemporal sediment dynamics in the Venice lagoon

AbstractCharacterizing the dynamics of suspended sediment is crucial when investigating the long‐term evolution of tidal landscapes. Here we apply a widely tested mathematical model which describes the dynamics of cohesive and noncohesive sediments, driven by the combined effect of tidal currents and wind waves, using 1 year long time series of observed water levels and wind data from the Venice lagoon. The spatiotemporal evolution of the computed suspended sediment concentration (SSC) is analyzed on the basis of the “peak over threshold” theory. Our analysis suggests that events characterized by high SSC can be modeled as a marked Poisson process over most of the lagoon. The interarrival time between two consecutive over threshold events, the intensity of peak excesses, and the duration are found to be exponentially distributed random variables over most of tidal flats. Our study suggests that intensity and duration of over threshold events are temporally correlated, while almost no correlation exists between interarrival times and both durations and intensities. The benthic vegetation colonizing the central southern part of the Venice lagoon is found to exert a crucial role on sediment dynamics: vegetation locally decreases the frequency of significant resuspension events by affecting spatiotemporal patterns of SSCs also in adjacent areas. Spatial patterns of the mean interarrival of over threshold SSC events are found to be less heterogeneous than the corresponding patterns of mean interarrivals of over threshold bottom shear stress events because of the role of advection/dispersion processes in mixing suspended sediments within the lagoon. Implications for long‐term morphodynamic modeling of tidal environments are discussed.

Zircon U–Pb and Molybdenite Re–Os Ages of the Lakange Porphyry Cu–Mo Deposit, Gangdese Porphyry Copper Belt, Southern Tibet, China

AbstractThe Lakange porphyry Cu–Mo deposit within the Gangdese metallogenic belt of Tibet is located in the southern–central part of the eastern Lhasa block, in the Tibetan Tethyan tectonic domain. This deposit is one of the largest identified by a joint Qinghai–Tibetan Plateau geological survey project undertaken in recent years. Here, we present the results of the systematic logging of drillholes and provide new petrological, zircon U–Pb age, and molybdenite Re–Os age data for the deposit. The ore‐bearing porphyritic granodiorite contains elevated concentrations of silica and alkali elements but low concentrations of MgO and CaO. It is metaluminous to weakly peraluminous and has A/CNK values of 0.90–1.01. The samples contain low total REE concentrations and show light REE/heavy REE (LREE/HREE) ratios of 17.51–19.77 and (La/Yb)N values of 29.65–41.05. The intrusion is enriched in the large‐ion lithophile elements (LILE) and depleted in the HREE and high field‐strength elements (HFSE). The ore‐bearing porphyritic granodiorite yielded a Miocene zircon U–Pb crystallization age of 13.58 ± 0.42 Ma, whereas the mineralization within the Lakange deposit yielded Miocene molybdenite Re–Os ages of 13.20 ± 0.20 and 13.64 ± 0.21, with a weighted mean of 13.38 ± 0.15 Ma and an isochron age of 13.12 ± 0.44 Ma. This indicates that the crystallization and mineralization of the Lakange porphyry were contemporaneous. The ore‐bearing porphyritic granodiorite yielded zircon εHf(t) values between −3.99 and 4.49 (mean, −0.14) and two‐stage model ages between 1349 and 808 Myr (mean, 1103 Myr). The molybdenite within the deposit contains 343.6–835.7 ppm Re (mean, 557.8 ppm). These data indicate that the mineralized porphyritic granodiorite within the Lakange deposit is adakitic and formed from parental magmas derived mainly from juvenile crustal material that partly mixed with older continental crust during the evolution of the magmas. The Lakange porphyry Cu–Mo deposit and numerous associated porphyry–skarn deposits in the eastern Gangdese porphyry copper belt (17–13 Ma) formed in an extensional tectonic setting during the India–Asia continental collision.

Short-term flow fluctuations in Onagawa Bay, Japan, as revealed by long-term mooring observation

Short-term flow fluctuations in the southern central part of Onagawa Bay were examined using long-term mooring and hydrographic data observed during the period from May 2013 to April 2014. The short-term flow fluctuations were dominant in the periodic bands of 15–27 days and shorter than 10 days. The principal and minor components of these flow fluctuations were respectively along and across the local isobaths, which are almost parallel in the north direction. The northward flow fluctuations along the local isobaths were correlated with the northeastward wind fluctuations in both periodic bands, and these correlations were more evident from fall to winter. On the basis of these results, the northward flows are regarded as wind-induced barotropic coastal jets. On other hand, the eastward flow fluctuations across the local isobaths were related to inflow and outflow via the bay mouth or the Izushima Channel. Inflow and outflow with reverse flow at lower depths formed in summer, but those with vertically uniform flow tended to form in winter. The main summertime inflow and outflow were driven by horizontal gradients in density. These permit us to regard the main summertime inflow and outflow as gravitational circulation. Also, the summertime inflow can be intermittently caused by internal waves.

Differences in the water-balance components of four lakes in the southern-central Tibetan Plateau

Abstract. The contrasting patterns of lake-level fluctuations across the Tibetan Plateau (TP) are indicators of differences in the water balance over the TP. However, little is known about the key hydrological factors controlling this variability. The purpose of this study is to contribute to a more quantitative understanding of these factors for four selected lakes in the southern-central part of the TP: Nam Co and Tangra Yumco (increasing water levels), and Mapam Yumco and Paiku Co (stable or slightly decreasing water levels). We present the results of an integrated approach combining hydrological modeling, atmospheric-model output and remote-sensing data. The J2000g hydrological model was adapted and extended according to the specific characteristics of closed-lake basins on the TP and driven with High Asia Refined analysis (HAR) data at 10 km resolution for the period 2001–2010. Differences in the mean annual water balances among the four basins are primarily related to higher precipitation totals and attributed runoff generation in the Nam Co and Tangra Yumco basins. Precipitation and associated runoff are the main driving forces for inter-annual lake variations. The glacier-meltwater contribution to the total basin runoff volume (between 14 and 30 % averaged over the 10-year period) plays a less important role compared to runoff generation from rainfall and snowmelt in non-glacierized land areas. Nevertheless, using a hypothetical ice-free scenario in the hydrological model, we indicate that ice-melt water constitutes an important water-supply component for Mapam Yumco and Paiku Co, in order to maintain a state close to equilibrium, whereas the water balance in the Nam Co and Tangra Yumco basins remains positive under ice-free conditions. These results highlight the benefits of linking hydrological modeling with atmospheric-model output and satellite-derived data, and the presented approach can be readily transferred to other data-scarce closed lake basins, opening new directions of research. Future work should go towards a better assessment of the model-chain uncertainties, especially in this region where observation data are scarce.

Host Vascular Plants for Pests in the Hydrographical Basin of the Otăsău River, Romania

This study was carried out to investigate vascular host plant distribution in the hydrographical basin of the Otăsău River (Vâlcea County, in the Central Southern part of Romania). In order to determine the existing species in this area, fresh and dry material were collected. Specie identification was made based on a repetitive observation of the plants. A taxonomical aid was used to identify the species and classify them into different categories. In this research 368 taxa were investigated and registered as host vascular plants for pests from the studied area. The geoelement analysis shows that Eurasian, European, Central European, Cosmopolite and Circumpolar elements are predominant. Concerning the bioform spectrum the most representative components of the herbaceous layer are hemicryptophytes with 127 taxa. The study reveals that the studied area presents a high floristic diversity of the vascular plants (about 10% of the Romanian flora).

Host Vascular Plants for Pests in the Hydrographical Basin of the Otăsău River, Romania

This study was carried out to investigate vascular host plant distribution in the hydrographical basin of the Otăsău River (Vâlcea County, in the Central Southern part of Romania). In order to determine the existing species in this area, fresh and dry material were collected. Specie identification was made based on a repetitive observation of the plants. A taxonomical aid was used to identify the species and classify them into different categories. In this research 368 taxa were investigated and registered as host vascular plants for pests from the studied area. The geoelement analysis shows that Eurasian, European, Central European, Cosmopolite and Circumpolar elements are predominant. Concerning the bioform spectrum the most representative components of the herbaceous layer are hemicryptophytes with 127 taxa. The study reveals that the studied area presents a high floristic diversity of the vascular plants (about 10% of the Romanian flora).

Climate change in Bangladesh: a spatio-temporal analysis and simulation of recent temperature and rainfall data using GIS and time series analysis model

In this paper, temperature and rainfall data series were analysed from 34 meteorological stations distributed throughout Bangladesh over a 40-year period (1971 to 2010) in order to evaluate the magnitude of these changes statistically and spatially. Linear regression, coefficient of variation, inverse distance weighted interpolation techniques and geographical information systems were performed to analyse the trends, variability and spatial patterns of temperature and rainfall. Autoregressive integrated moving average time series model was used to simulate the temperature and rainfall data. The results confirm a particularly strong and recent climate change in Bangladesh with a 0.20 °C per decade upward trend of mean temperature. The highest upward trend in minimum temperature (range of 0.80–2.4 °C) was observed in the northern, northwestern, northeastern, central and central southern parts while greatest warming in the maximum temperature (range of 1.20–2.48 °C) was found in the southern, southeastern and northeastern parts during 1971–2010. An upward trend of annual rainfall (+7.13 mm per year) and downward pre-monsoon (−0.75 mm per year) and post-monsoon rainfall (−0.55 mm per year) trends were observed during this period. Rainfall was erratic in pre-monsoon season and even more so during the post-monsoon season (variability of 44.84 and 85.25 % per year, respectively). The mean forecasted temperature exhibited an increase of 0.018 °C per year in 2011–2020, and if this trend continues, this would lead to approximately 1.0 °C warmer temperatures in Bangladesh by 2020, compared to that of 1971. A greater rise is projected for the mean minimum (0.20 °C) than the mean maximum (0.16 °C) temperature. Annual rainfall is projected to decline 153 mm from 2011 to 2020, and a drying condition will persist in the northwestern, western and southwestern parts of the country during the pre- and post-monsoonal seasons.