Central European History Research Articles

Lessons Learned, Lessons Relearned: Piotr S. Wandycz on Recent East Central European History

Research Article| April 01 2013 Lessons Learned, Lessons Relearned: Piotr S. Wandycz on Recent East Central European History Neal Pease Neal Pease Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google The Polish Review (2013) 58 (1): 83–86. https://doi.org/10.5406/polishreview.58.1.0083 Cite Icon Cite Share Icon Share Twitter Permissions Search Site Citation Neal Pease; Lessons Learned, Lessons Relearned: Piotr S. Wandycz on Recent East Central European History. The Polish Review 1 April 2013; 58 (1): 83–86. doi: https://doi.org/10.5406/polishreview.58.1.0083 Download citation file: Zotero Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All Scholarly Publishing CollectiveUniversity of Illinois PressThe Polish Review Search Advanced Search The text of this article is only available as a PDF. Copyright 2013 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois2013 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

“A Story of Betrayal”: Conceptualizing Variants of Capitalism in the Nuremberg War Crimes Trials

Previous articleNext article No Access“A Story of Betrayal”: Conceptualizing Variants of Capitalism in the Nuremberg War Crimes Trials*Kim Christian PriemelKim Christian PriemelHumboldt University of Berlin Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 85, Number 1March 2013 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/668801 Views: 289Total views on this site Citations: 2Citations are reported from Crossref © 2013 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Kim Christian Priemel Cunning Passages: Historiography's Ways in and out of the Nuremberg Courtroom, Central European History 53, no.44 (Feb 2021): 785–810.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938920000400Jonathan Gumz International Law and the Transformation of War, 1899–1949: The Case of Military Occupation, The Journal of Modern History 90, no.33 (Aug 2018): 621–660.https://doi.org/10.1086/698960

Prekäre Güter: Hofjuden als Heeres- und Münzlieferanten in der Frühen Neuzeit

The economic success of Court Jews during the late 17th and the 18th centuries is one of the major phenomena of early modern Jewish history in Central Europe. After long and controversial debates on the causes of this development and its consequences for Jewish society as well as for the formation of modern economy and state building in Europe, recent studies mostly focus on cultural aspects. This article argues for reintegrating the economy of Court Jews into the broader field of public finance and for rethinking the significance of Jewish merchants and bankers in comparison to other groups of public creditors.

Separatist Currents in Moravian Fascism and National Socialism

The article deals with separatism within Moravian fascism and National Socialism. It identifies fundamental links between ethnic nationalism and fascism, and describes the development of the ‘Moravian question’ within the context of Central European history. The separatist tendencies of Moravian fascism and National Socialism are examined in the context of the interwar history, the period of occupation of the Czech lands, and postwar developments, including contemporary tendencies. It also identifies similarities with and differences from some other ethno-national fascisms in Europe. The author concludes that although marginal, Moravian fascism and National Socialism have enjoyed a long existence.

Miracles in the Shadow of the Economic Miracle: The “Supernatural '50s” in West Germany

Previous articleNext article No AccessArticlesMiracles in the Shadow of the Economic Miracle: The “Supernatural '50s” in West Germany*Monica BlackMonica BlackUniversity of Tennessee, Knoxville Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 84, Number 4December 2012Europe in the 1950s: The Anxieties of Beginning Again Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/667597 Views: 239Total views on this site Citations: 6Citations are reported from Crossref © 2012 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Christopher A. Molnar “Greetings from the Apocalypse”: Race, Migration, and Fear after German Reunification, Central European History 54, no.33 (Jun 2021): 491–515.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938920001090Natalie Scholz Ghosts and Miracles: The Volkswagen as Imperial Debris in Postwar West Germany, Comparative Studies in Society and History 62, no.33 (Jul 2020): 487–519.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0010417520000158Frank Biess, Astrid M. Eckert , Central European History 52, no.11 ( 2019): 1.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938919000013Caitlin E. Murdock , Central European History 52, no.11 ( 2019): 45.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938919000037Jason Dawsey Ontology and Ideology: Günther Anders’s Philosophical and Political Confrontation with Heidegger, Critical Historical Studies 4, no.11 (Apr 2017): 1–37.https://doi.org/10.1086/690967Christian Bailey Honor among Peers? A Comparative History of Honor Practices in Postwar Britain and West Germany, The Journal of Modern History 87, no.44 (Dec 2015): 809–851.https://doi.org/10.1086/683600

Pannonia Imperilled: Why Danilo Kiš Still Matters

AbstractThis essay explores the significance of the works of the Serbian–Jewish–Yugoslav writer Danilo Kiš (1935–89) more than twenty years after his untimely passing. To understand Kiš's place in Serbian culture today, it is necessary to revisit the controversies that bedevilled his public reception in Yugoslavia in the 1970s and 1980s; to understand Kiš's place in Central European history today, though, it is necessary to broaden our familiarity with his increasingly accessible corpus of writing and recontextualize his proverbially anti‐nationalistic and apolitical positions. With an expanded reading of Kiš, he emerges as a useful source of information and critique on Yugoslavia's ‘self‐managing’ socialist system itself as well as a proponent of expanded notions of both East European and Central European identity and of an emotionally authentic if controversial thesis of totalitarian equivalence between fascism and communism.

Re-Contextualising East Central European History: Nation, Culture and Minority Groups

Re-Contextualising East Central European History: Nation, Culture and Minority Groups

Climate-related changes during the Late Glacial and early Holocene in northern Poland, as derived from the sediments of Lake Sierzywk

Reconstruction of past climate change and ecosystem response is important to correctly assess the impacts of global warming. In this study, we provide a paleoenvironmental record of in-lake and catchment changes in northern Poland during the Late Glacial and early Holocene using various biotic proxies (pollen, macrofossils and Cladocera) preserved in the lake sedimentary record. Chronology was derived from palynological correlation with a well-dated pollen sequence from nearby-lying Lake Ostrowite and some well-dated events of vegetation history in Central Europe. Pollen analysis provided information on regional climate change affecting vegetation dynamics, whereas macrofossils supplied substantial information on the response of local flora and fauna to climatic, geomorphological and limnological changes. Data were supplemented by analysis of Cladocera remains, which are of special importance because of their quick response to changes in trophic conditions and climate (especially temperature). The bottom of the sediment core reflects an initial stage of the lake formed during the late Allerod. The Younger Dryas cooling apparently resulted in forest recession and presence of cold tolerant Cladocera species. Due to amelioration of climate at the end of the Younger Dryas and melting of ice, the lake deepened. The beginning of the Holocene was characterised by forest shrinkage and induced clear changes in local flora and fauna communities. The regional vegetation development deduced from the lake’s core is generally consistent with the vegetation history of central Europe. Due to the location of the site near the seashore (oceanic climate and western wind), signals of warming came earlier than inland and in eastern Poland.

Molecular data and species distribution models reveal the Pleistocene history of the mayfly Ameletus inopinatus (Ephemeroptera: Siphlonuridae)1

SUMMARY 1. We investigated the Pleistocene and Holocene history of the rare mayfly Ameletus inopinatus EATON 1887 (Ephemeroptera: Siphlonuridae) in Europe. We used A. inopinatus as a model species to explore the phylogeography of montane, cold-tolerant aquatic insects with arctic–alpine distributions. 2. Using species distribution models, we developed hypotheses about the species demographic history in Central Europe and the recolonisation history of Fennoscandia. We tested these hypotheses using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) sequence data and compared our genetic results with previously generated microsatellite data to explore genetic diversity distributions of A. inopinatus. 3. We observed old lineages, deep splits and almost complete lineage sorting of mtCOI sequences among mountain ranges. These results support a periglacial survival, i.e. persistence at the periphery of Pleistocene glaciers in Central Europe. 4. There was strong differentiation between the Fennoscandian and all other populations, indicating that Fennoscandia was recolonised from a refugium not accounted for in our sampling. High degrees of population genetic structure within the northern samples suggest that Fennoscandia was recolonised by more than one lineage. However, this structure was not apparent in previously published microsatellite data, consistent with secondary contact without sexual incompatibility or with sex-biased dispersal. 5. Our demographic analyses indicate that (i) the separation of northern and Central European lineages occurred during the early Pleistocene; (ii) Central European populations have persisted independently throughout the Pleistocene and (iii) the species extended its range about 150 000 years ago.

The Gods of the City: Protestantism and Religious Culture in Strasbourg, 1870–1914. By Anthony J. Steinhoff. Studies in Central European History. Boston: Brill, 2008. xviii + 516 pp. $188.00 cloth.

The Gods of the City: Protestantism and Religious Culture in Strasbourg, 1870–1914. By Anthony J. Steinhoff. Studies in Central European History. Boston: Brill, 2008. xviii + 516 pp. $188.00 cloth. - Volume 80 Issue 3

The Presence of Cross-Cultural Pasts in the Art History of Central Europe

AbstractCentral Europe is a mixture of multi-ethnical regions, with a stormy past and many cross-cultural connections. The 19th and 20th centuries saw the birth of several nation-states that used cultural heritage constructs to legitimize their existence, demonstrating their long history and supposed cultural superiority. Characteristics of the minds of the different nations were searched for in the field of art history, too. The old and new states published series of “national” art histories in the second half of the 20th century.Simultaneous with these “national” art histories was the contradictory notion of using art to promote a unified Europe. Instigated by the political changes of 1989/90, collective actions were brought to the region in the form of several international exhibitions, presenting topics such as Baroque art in Central Europe or “Central Europe around 1000”. Organized through international cooperation is the preparation of a nine-volume hand book on the history of art in Eastern-Central Europe, discussed in a European context.A novelty of the convention of the Council of Europe (Faro 2005) is the definition of “heritage community”. According to it groups and/or individuals have the right to express their affinity to any part of European heritage, independently of ownership and localization, and anybody, alone or within a community, may belong to several heritage communities. Interpretations can and will be different, but the right to have access to material and sources of the common heritage has already started to be accepted.

Franz von Papen, Catholic Conservatives, and the Establishment of the Third Reich, 1933–1934

Previous articleNext article No AccessArticlesFranz von Papen, Catholic Conservatives, and the Establishment of the Third Reich, 1933–1934*Larry Eugene JonesLarry Eugene JonesCanisius College Search for more articles by this author Canisius CollegePDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 83, Number 2June 2011 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/659103 Views: 291Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref © 2011 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Michael E. O'Sullivan Religion, Modernity, and Democracy in Central Europe: Toward a Gendered History of Twentieth-Century Catholicism, Central European History 52, no.44 (Jan 2020): 713–730.https://doi.org/10.1017/S000893891900102X

Central European Environmental History and the EU Accession

This paper focuses on the development of environment-related phenomena in the Czech Republic and in some other Central European countries since the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1989. It demonstrates ...

Changing Perspectives on the “Revolutionary Emperor”: Joseph II Biographies since 1790

Previous articleNext article No AccessReview ArticleChanging Perspectives on the “Revolutionary Emperor”: Joseph II Biographies since 1790Franz A. J. SzaboFranz A. J. SzaboUniversity of Alberta Search for more articles by this author University of AlbertaPDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 83, Number 1March 2011 Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/658104 Views: 263Total views on this site Citations: 3Citations are reported from Crossref © 2011 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Christos Aliprantis The afterlife of Enlightened Absolutism: commemoration of Maria Theresa and Joseph II and the politics of liberal reform in nineteenth-century imperial Austria, European Review of History: Revue européenne d'histoire 26, no.22 (Sep 2018): 305–330.https://doi.org/10.1080/13507486.2018.1480596Bruno Aguilera-Barchet From the Conservative King to the Reformist Monarch: The Stage of Enlightened Absolutism (Eighteenth Century), (Dec 2014): 257–286.https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11803-1_10William D. Godsey Habsburg Government and Intermediary Authority under Joseph II (1780–90): The Estates of Lower Austria in Comparative Perspective, Central European History 46, no.44 (Apr 2014): 699–740.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938914000016

Using GPS for snow depth and volume measurement of centennial avalanche field in High Tatras

Abstract Heavy snowfall in the High Tatras at the end of March 2009 was the cause of several avalanche falls in the Žiarska valley of the Slovakian High Tatras Mountains. The resulting avalanche field was almost 28 ha. The event was classified as a centennial avalanche, one of the biggest in modern history in Central Europe. Snow pack was measured by accurate differential GPS technology. Snow depth and avalanche field volume were calculated using a comparison between avalanche and terrain surfaces. Considering the inaccuracies of the photogrammetric digital elevation model, most likely caused by vegetation, new terrain surveying was required after the snow pack melted in October 2009. The results confirmed that deep snow packs even in rugged terrain can be accurately surveyed by GPS technology.

A 350‐year tree‐ring fire record from Białowieża Primeval Forest, Poland: implications for Central European lowland fire history

Summary 1. Fires are nowadays small, yet frequent, in temperate Central European conifer forests, but little is known about the fire history in this region. This is likely due to the lack of intact forests that contain old trees and dead wood from which fire history may be reconstructed. An exception is the Białowieża Primeval Forest (BPF) in Poland for which we were able to reconstruct the fire history in detail. 2. From 886 tree ring samples collected in a 13‐ha conifer‐dominated area, we reconstructed fire events and tree establishment back to the mid 1600s. From 1653 to the late 1700s fires were very frequent, with mean point (single tree) fire intervals of 18 years and mean stand scale fire intervals of 6 years. After 1781, the intervals between the fires increased dramatically, and since 1874 no major fire was recorded. 3. Tree establishment underwent substantial changes, closely tracking shifts in fire frequency. When fires were frequent, Pinus sylvestris establishment occurred only sporadically. Later, less frequent fires promoted massive establishment of both P. sylvestris and Picea abies. At present, only P. abies and a few deciduous trees regenerate. 4. Synthesis. We present the first high‐resolution fire history in the Central European temperate lowland forest area. The discovery of old P. sylvestris trees and stumps with fire scars in many conifer‐dominated parts of BPF show that fire was a major component in the past dynamics of this forest. We also show that historically, fires were recurring at very close intervals, supporting an open, Pinus‐dominated forest. These result contrasts with the written history of BPF, which focus on a few, large fires from the past. Human influence on the fire regime was probably substantial, although the disentangling of climatic and human impacts needs further studies. We propose that fire should be increasingly taken into consideration in models of disturbance, vegetation development and forest openness in the whole Central European lowland forest region.

Central European History and the European Union: The Meaning of Europe. Studies in Central and Eastern Europe by Stanislav J. Kirschbaum (review)

REVIEWS 579 There are many important details told by the author which are littleknown even to well-informed Hungarians (e.g. that the last Communist boss, K. Gr?sz, planned a coup in late 1988, or that inOctober 1989 the newly formed Socialist Party was more popular than the combined opposition), and such enlightening statements as that the radically transformed Constitution and fundamental laws passed in late 1989Hungary returned to thatparliamentary system founded in 1848-49 (p. 214). Showing themany tricksand semi-legal transactions in theprivatization process, which theAntall government tried to stop, but with at best partial success, is also most welcome. This is how the new capitalist class, typifiedby the present Prime Minister, was born. The reviewer, who was the foreign minister of the Antall government, naturally differs from the author's presentation in a number of cases. The most important ones: the account of the so-called Tan-European Picnic' of 19August 1989, the selling of a small consignment of rifles for the Zagreb police in September 1990 and how Belgrade utilized (orprovoked?) it,or that itwas Antall rather than the Czech leaders who 'invented' the Visegr?d cooperation. But on the whole it is very fortunate that the firstmajor English-language book has appeared about one ofHungary's finest periods. CorvinusUniversityof Budapest G?za Jeszenszky Kirschbaum, Stanislav J. (ed.). Central European History and theEuropean Union: The Meaning ofEurope. Studies in Central and Eastern Europe. Palgrave MacMillan, Basingstoke and New York, 2007. xxii + 258 pp. Chronology. Maps. Tables. Notes. Index. ?50.00. Central European History and the European Union is the outcome of papers presented at a congress of the International Council for Central and East European Studies and contributes to the field of European (Union) studies from theperspective ofCentral Europe. The leading expert on Slovak history, Stanislav Kirschbaum, brings together a set of papers thatwould not normally find theirway into one thematical volume. The book connects cultural historical approaches with contributions with solid roots in the social sciences. The volume is organized in three sections: the first a general historical study, followed by twomore elaborate sections devoted to nation states and their national myths and to issues of European integration. Kirschbaum opens the volume with an, at thispoint, slighdy outdated, but no less legitimate claim that 'it is inCentral Europe's historical experience that some answers may be found in the challenges that themeaning of Europe faces' (p. 2). Fortunately, thatmeans in this particular case that the focus is on two complicated components of theCentral European heritage, the nation state and theCommunist or totalitarian legacy. The firstchapters deal with the Slovak place inEuropean history (Stanislav J. Kirschbaum), modern federalist conceptions inCentral Europe (Francesco Leoncini) and the revolutions of 1989 form a civil society angle (Oskar Gruenwald). Particularly the latter offers a good classification, pointing at a 'triple crisis' of socio-economic, institutional and personal elements that has cleared the path for civil society groups. 58o SEER, 88, 3, JULY 20I0 The second section of the volume studies the St Stephen cult inHungary (JulianeBrandt),Wenceslas and theCzechs (Stefan Samerski), the invocations of Prince Stephen the Great inRomania (Krista Zach), Pilsudski and the Polish state (Mieczyslaw B. Biskupski) and lastly the failed attempt at an ethnic national Poland after World War Two (JohnJ. Kulczycki). St Stephen and the Hungarian Crown are quintessential to Hungarian Medieval and modern history, but Brandt's chapter interestingly shifts the focus to Communist and contemporary Hungary. She moves away from the state discourse and includes such examples as a rock opera (King Stephen). Wenceslas and the Czechs go back equally far. Samerski takes a similar approach, now stressing the Interwar year with themassive commemoration of 1929 and post-Communism, when 28 September was reinstalled as a national holiday. Similar to theHungarian situationwas the tension between the saint as a religious and as a state symbol,which is somewhat more com plicated inWenceslas's case because of his alleged sell out to the Germans. Interestingly, Prince Stephen theGreat ofMoldavia had quite the opposite biography as a national hero. At first he was appreciated as a ruler, but was later redefined religiously and became the ideal tool in the Romanian Orthodox Church's effortsto reconcile...

The Industrious Revolution: Consumer Behavior and the Household Economy, 1650 to the Present. By Jan de Vries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Pp. xii+327. $80.00 (cloth); $22.99 (paper).

Previous articleNext article No AccessBook ReviewsThe Industrious Revolution: Consumer Behavior and the Household Economy, 1650 to the Present. By Jan de Vries. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008. Pp. xii+327. $80.00 (cloth); $22.99 (paper).John KomlosJohn KomlosUniversity of Munich Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmail SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The Journal of Modern History Volume 82, Number 2June 2010The Persistence of Religion in Modern Europe Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/651623 Views: 169Total views on this site Citations: 1Citations are reported from Crossref © 2010 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved.PDF download Crossref reports the following articles citing this article:Dennis A. Frey Wealth, Consumerism, and Culture among the Artisans of Göppingen: Dynamism and Tradition in an Eighteenth-Century Hometown, Central European History 46, no.44 (Apr 2014): 741–778.https://doi.org/10.1017/S0008938914000028

Beyond Expulsion

This article examines how the complexities of the Sudeten German expulsion and resettlement of the former Sudetenland spawned the notion that certain groups of people were unreliable or suspicious and, therefore, unwanted inhabitants. The intolerance and suspicion that setters, local and central officials, and others voiced toward different groups and actions directly related to the expulsion of Germans. The rapid influx of new settlers in search of German property and social mobility had a destabilizing effect on the region as well. The category of unwanted elements changed over time and reflected not necessarily the arrival of particular people but the problems unleashed by expulsion and settlement. The emergence of this category demonstrates how ethnic cleansing affected not only the targeted ethnic group but also how that process transformed people and places. This article offers new insights into the increasing body of literature on this topic in Central and Eastern European history by expanding the focus beyond Czechs and Germans. By examining a range of different sources, it also demonstrates that local actors as much as central ones created and sustained repressive attitudes in the borderlands.

Idylls of socialism: The Sarajevo Documentary School and the problem of the Bosnian sub-proletariat

ABSTRACTThis historical overview of the Sarajevo Documentary School considers the films, in the light of their recent re-emergence, as indicative of both the legacy of socialist realism (even in the context of Yugoslav media) and attempted social engineering in the Bosnia of the 1960s and 1970s. The argument is made that the documentaries, despite their questionable aesthetic status (in respect of cinéma-vérité and ethnography) and problematic ideological strategies and attempted interventions, document a history and offer insights that counter the prevailing revisionist trends in the presentation of Eastern and Central European history.