Central Bank Of Iraq Research Articles

الثقافة التنظيمية ودورها في تعزيز متطلبات إدارة الجودة الشاملة

The research seeks to demonstrate the impact of organizational culture on the enhancement of the requirements of Total QualityManagement through a survey of the views of a sample of employees working in the Central Bank of Iraq, as well as the disclosure of the requirements for Total Quality Management in the researched field. And to reach the search goal the descriptive analytical method was adopted by designing and constructing a scale that has the ability to measure the main dimensions of the research. The questionnaire was distributed to 30 managers and their assistants as the research sample. In order to analyze the data some statistical methods have been used to this purpose. The research reached a number of conclusions, the most important one was about finding a significant correlation between the organizational culture and the requirements of Total Quality Management at the level of the organization being investigated. It is possible to refer to the most importantrecommendations presented by the researchers is the need for the attention of senior management in the Central Bank in the concept of culture and take actions that increase the level of understanding and awareness of employees of the bank to the bank's organizational culture, which strengthens the organizational affiliation of the staff of the Central Bank of Iraq.

A Thorough Analysis of the Effects of Foreign Direct Investment on the Financial Account of the Iraqi Balance of Payments for the Period (2003-2015)

In order to analyze the direct and indirect effects of the foreign direct investment on the Iraqis balance of payments and financial account for the period (2003-2015), the study population and sample selected was the Balance of Payments Division at the Central Bank of Iraq through the follow-up of the entry of the data incoming from the relevant parties like banks and Iraq Stock Exchange in order to calculate the foreign direct investment through sorting and isolating the transactions that are classified under this part of the balance of payments and then registering the value of the transaction in the balance of payments as credit or debit transaction. The research methodology used a sample represented by the Balance of Payments Compilation Guide issued by the International Monetary Fund. A study was conducted to compare the fifth edition of the guide that was issued in 1993 and the sixth edition that was released in 2009. The study concluded that the outflows of foreign direct investment from Iraq were relatively weak as they did not exceed USD1,562.4, representing only 7.4% of total capital inflows to Iraq, which is also small relatively and its share of total foreign direct investment inflows to Arab countries ranged from 1.2% in 2007 to 10.7% in 2014. Hence, the effect of the flows of foreign direct investment both inside and outside Iraq on the financial account in particular and the balance of payment in general was weak. Even though the primary effect of the inflows might be positive, the effect was negative on all items of the financial account and balance of payment in general during the whole period. In other words, the obligations resulting from the inflows are bigger than their counterpart from the outflows. The study recommended adopting and setting some certain mechanisms to ensure the transmission of the effects of the international economy through the foreign direct investment into the domestic economy and the real sectors. Consequently, the financial account of the balance of payments is initially affected. In turn indirect impacts take place on the current account and service account through affecting the macro variables like the gross fixed capital formation that is considered a productive capacity that could be utilized to increase production and attain positive growth.

Iraq: Second Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement and Financing Assurances Review-Staff Report; Staff Supplement; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Iraq

The second review under Stand-By Arrangement and the financing assurances review highlight Iraq’s economic activity and robust growth. The authorities continue to see the improvement in security conditions, and the related recovery of oil and non-oil activity, as a window of opportunity to move toward a path of high and sustainable growth, in the context of continued macroeconomic stability. The Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) is committed to maintaining its tight monetary stance, including through its exchange rate policy.

Iraq: First Review Under the Stand-By Arrangement and Financing Assurances Review Staff Report; Staff Supplement; Press Release on the Executive Board Discussion; and Statement by the Executive Director for Iraq

The First Review under the Stand-By Arrangement (SBA) discusses policies focused on measures to accelerate the reconstruction of the Iraqi economy while maintaining macroeconomic stability. Inflation has slowed down, and monetary and exchange rate policies have been adjusted. The Central Bank of Iraq (CBI) will increase the pace of appreciation of the dinar and keep the policy interest rate positive in real terms to keep inflation under control. Restructuring plans for the two largest state-owned banks will be developed on the basis of their finalized financial and operational audits.

Commercial Bank of Kuwait v. Rafidain Bank and Central Bank of Iraq

261State immunity — Jurisdictional immunity — Action against foreign State instrumentality — Commercial activity — Activities taken in connection with commercial activity performed outside jurisdiction — Default judgment entered for failure to make payments under loan agreements — payments to be made in United States — Whether reliance by plaintiff upon agents in United States to collect sums due to it constitutes direct effect in United States sufficient to establish jurisdiction — Whether “good cause” shown for denying motion for default judgment — The law of the United States