Centers In Shiraz Research Articles

Comparison of Ceftizoxime Plus Ampicillin-Sulbactam versus Gentamicin Plus Ampicillin-Sulbactam in the Prevention of Post-Transplant Early Bacterial Infections in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

PurposeIn this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of combined ceftizoxime with ampicillin-sulbactam versus combined gentamicin with ampicillin-sulbactam as prophylactic antibiotic regimen in preventing early bacterial PTIs in liver TX recipients at a referral center.Patients and methodsAll patients older than 18 years who had undergone liver TX at Abu-Ali Sina transplantation center in Shiraz, Iran from July 2018 to April 2019 were included in this study. In a single-blinded manner, the participants randomly received either combined intravenous ceftizoxime plus ampicillin-sulbactam (ceftizoxime group) or gentamicin plus ampicillin-sulbactam (gentamicin group) as prophylactic antibiotic regimen before the incision of the surgery, which was continued for 48 hrs after liver Tx. The rate and type of bacterial infections, length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, mortality rate, and kidney function were assessed during 1 month following liver TX in the two groups.ResultsTwo hundred and thirty patients were divided into two groups. One patient in the gentamicin group and five in the ceftizoxime group were excluded due to emergency exploratory laparotomy within the first 3 days after transplantation. The rate of bacterial infections during the first month after transplantation was 25.4%. This rate was significantly lower in the gentamicin group (13.16%) in comparison to the ceftizoxime group (38.18%) (P value<0.01), based on the univariate logistic regression analysis. Length of ICU and hospital stay and also mortality rate were significantly lower in the gentamicin group (P value <0.01). There was no significant difference regarding kidney function between the two groups (P value = 0.16).ConclusionOur results suggested that gentamicin can be considered as a promising agent in prophylactic antibiotic regimen for patients undergoing liver TX.Trial registrationThe study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20120731010453N2; http://www.irct.ir/).

The Effect of Octreotide in Acute Nonvariceal Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Objective:Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (NUGIB) is a common cause of hospitalization and is associated with considerable mortality and morbidity. Octreotide has been shown to be an effective treatment in the control of variceal UGIB. Theoretically, octreotide could be effective in the treatment of other types of bleeding ulcers.Methods:This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial was carried out on patients with NVUGIB who had been admitted to two referral centers in Shiraz, Iran. Patients were randomized to two groups: Group A (n = 58) received octreotide and Group B (n = 58) received a placebo. Patients in both groups received pantoprazole 40 mg as an initial dose, then 40 mg every 12 h intravenously. In addition to the pantoprazole, patients in Group A received 100 μg octreotide subcutaneously every 8 h for 72 h or until they were discharged. Patients in Group B received pantoprazole and a placebo at the same dose schedule.Findings:There were no statistically significant differences between Groups A and B in terms of mortality (0 vs. 5.17%; P = 0.21,) rebleeding rate (5.17% vs. 1.72%; P = 0.5), blood transfusion requirement (1.65 ± 0.47 units vs. 1.70 ± 0.45 units; P = 0.45), length of hospital stay (1.96 ± 1.00 days vs. 1.65 ± 0.84 days; P = 0.44), and need for surgery (1.72% vs. 1.72%; P = 0.7).Conclusion:The results showed that use of subcutaneous octreotide as an adjuvant treatment did not have a beneficial effect on the treatment of NVUGIB.

The influence of ergonomic breastfeeding training on some health parameters in infants and mothers: a randomized controlled trial

BackgroundBreastfeeding is considered as a protective factor against non-communicable diseases in infants and mothers. The first aim of this study was to assess the influence of ergonomic breastfeeding training on the infants’ growth. The second aim was to investigate the effectiveness of this training for improving musculoskeletal disorders in mothers.MethodsIn this randomized control trial, 104 participants who were referred to the health centers in Shiraz for breastfeeding care were randomly allocated into the intervention or comparison group using a size-four block sampling method. At birth, 2, 4, and 6 months later childbirth, Rapid Upper Limb Assessment was used to assess musculoskeletal disorders in participants, and the severity of their discomfort was measured with the Visual Analog Scale. During the 6 months of the study (March to September, 2017), the weight and height of the neonates were measured every 2 months.ResultsSignificant differences were found between groups in the priority level for corrective action in mothers’ postures determined by Rapid Upper Limb Assessment at 2, 4 and 6 months after childbirth (p < 0.001). Based on the Visual Analog Scale results in mothers at 6 months after childbirth, fewer back pain was reported by the intervention group (p = 0.03). No significant difference were found in the infants’ weights and heights in boys and girls at all growing stages between the two study groups (p > 0.05). However, the mean height for age of the girl infants at age of 6 months was higher among intervention groups compared to the controls (p = 0.01).ConclusionThis study demonstrated that ergonomic breastfeeding training reduced the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders in mothers but seems not to have any significant and consistent impact on the infants’ growth.Trial registrationfa.irct.ir IRCT2014042317398N1.

Liver Transplant for Primary Hyperoxaluria Type 1: Results of Sequential, Combined Liver and Kidney, and Preemptive Liver Transplant.

Primary hyperoxaluria type 1 is an autosomal recessive disorder that causes overproduction and urinary excretion of oxalate. Liver transplant has been suggested as a treatment for primary hyperoxaluria type 1 since the defective enzyme is expressed in the liver. This study aimed to investigate results of combined liver and kidney, sequential, and preemptive livertransplantin patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1. In this cohort study, we followed patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1 who underwent liver transplant at our centerin Shiraz, Iran. Clinical and laboratory data of patients were gathered, and major outcomes, including renal failure after liver transplant, rejection, and mortality were recorded. Survival of patients was analyzed by the Kaplan-Meier method. Our study included 24 patients. There were 16 male (66.6%) and 8 female (33.33%) patients. Thirteen patients were in the pediatric age group (age < 18 y), and 11 patients were adults (age ≥ 18 y). Thirteen patients underwent sequential transplant, 8 patients underwent combined liver and kidney transplant, and 3 patients underwent preemptive transplant. All patients received organs from deceased donors. There were no statistically significant differences in mortality, rejection, and hemodialysis after transplant between those with sequential transplant and those with combined liver and kidney transplant (P > .05). Liver transplant can be considered a treatment for patients with primary hyperoxaluria type 1. Combined liver and kidney transplant and preemptive liver transplant could be proper options for these patients.

Comparing Multiple Domains of Social Cognition in Schizophrenic Patients with vs. without Paranoid Symptoms

BackgroundVarious investigations demonstrated social cognitive impairments in schizophrenic patients. The impairments in schizophrenia patients are also associated with an increase in paranoid symptoms. However, comparing multiple domains of social cognition in subtypes of schizophrenia has received less attention.ObjectivesThe current study aimed at comparing multiple domains of social cognition in schizophrenic patients and the normal population as well as schizophrenic patients with and without paranoid symptom.MethodsIn this causal-comparative study, 44 schizophrenic patients with paranoid symptoms and 18 patients without paranoid symptom admitted to three schizophrenia care centers in Shiraz, from June 1st, 2017 to July 2nd, 2017 were evaluated. The control group included 38 staff of the studied centers. The research tools were the face emotion identification task, hinting task, and ambiguous intentions hostility questionnaire (AIHQ).ResultsWe used the multivariate analysis of variance to compare the functioning of the sample groups. Based on the results, schizophrenic patients with/without paranoid symptoms exhibited worse performance than normal individuals in emotion perception (P = 0.01, P = 0.01) and theory of mind (P = 0.01, P = 0.01) tasks; however, patients with and without paranoid symptoms did not differ in these tasks. With respect to AIHQ, schizophrenia patients with/without paranoid symptoms inclined to use hostile (P = 0.01, P = 0.02, respectively) and blaming (P = 0.01, P = 0.02, respectively) attributions compared with normal subjects. Moreover, patients with paranoid symptoms inclined to use more hostile and blaming attributions compared to patients without paranoid symptoms.ConclusionsThree variables of emotion perception, theory of mind, and hostile and blaming attributions were able to distinguish schizophrenia patients from healthy individuals, while only hostile and blaming attributions were able to distinguish patients with paranoid symptoms and those without paranoid symptoms.

Postpartum depression and sleep disorders among working women with social support, referring to Health Centers in Shiraz, Iran, 2018 – 2019

Postpartum depression and sleep disorders among working women with social support, referring to Health Centers in Shiraz, Iran, 2018 – 2019

Demographic Evaluation of Oro-Dental Self-Injury for Insurance Deception; Evaluation of the Cases Referred to Shiraz Forensic Medicine Center

Statement of the Problem:Nonsuicidal self-inflicted injuries are socially unacceptable and may cause mild to severe damages. Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the demographic features of the subjects with orodental self-injuries referred to a forensic medicine center in Shiraz, Iran. Materials and Method: This cross-sectional study evaluated 51 participants (49 men and 2 women) with orodental injuries referred to forensic medicine administration. Orodental self-injury was detected in the subjects, based on the last forensic criterion of self-injuries, considering their history, clinical examinations, and panoramic radiographs. Results:The findings of this study revealed that dental self-injuries were more prevalent among married men from urban areas with secondary education levels. Most of the cases were due to the monetary compensation received. In the majority of cases, a hard object was used for this self-injury. Moreover, no statistical association was observed between the economic status and orodental self-injury. Conclusion: This study concluded that dental self-injury could be regarded as an unplanned incident because no significant correlation was observed between the participants, their economic status, and the type of dental trauma. Furthermore, detailed investigations on the latent variables are required.

Predictive Biomarkers for Acute Kidney Injury in Burn Patients.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an independent and complicated risk factor in burn patients, which cause high mortality and morbidity rate. Diagnosing the biomarkers and early detection of AKI may be helpful in treatment and control the stability of these patients. In this study, we aim to identify predictive biomarkers in order to prevent AKI incidence and sudden death in burn victims. In this retrospective study, 258 burn patients who were admitted to burn center in Shiraz, Iran were evaluated during January 2016 to February 2018. Demographic characteristics, biochemical biomarkers, length of hospital stay, and mortality information were obtained from patient registries program and evaluated the biomarkers in identifying AKI patients into early and late groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve, area under the curve (AUC), univariate, and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to diagnose the performance of biomarkers in order to predict the AKI. Of 258 patients, 40 (15.50%) were detected as AKI, with estimated mortality rate of 76.9%. Among all the variables, total BSA (P = .01), blood urea nitrogen (BUN; P = .001), potassium (P = .02), and mortality (P = .03) were significantly different in AKI developing. Moreover, AUC of serum creatinin, albumin, and BUN as predictive biomarkers were 0.73, 0.44, and 0.707, respectively. Among all variables, BUN marker was independently associated with AKI developing. Following burn shock, AKI is a common complication that causes increasing mortality and morbidity. Early diagnosis and identifying the biomarkers is preventing sudden death in burn patients and develop appropriate treatments in these victims.

Study of Usage Rate for Various Complementary and Alternative Medicine among People Visited Non-Conventional Medical Centers in Shiraz, Iran, in 2016.

Introduction: The present research was aimed at studying the usage rate for the complementary and alternative medicine, at identifying its low-consumption and high-consumption methods, and at analyzing the relationship between demographic variables and the usage rate of this medicine among the people who visited the non-conventional medical centers in Shiraz, Iran.&#x0D; Methods: This research is an analytical-cross-sectional study in which 800 people have been visited 6 non-conventional medical centers in July 2016; having gained their satisfaction, they were studied by method of complete enumeration. The data were collected using a researchermade questionnaire and analyzed through SPSS.&#x0D; Result: In this study, 68% of visitors used the complementary and alternative medicine in medium rate. The high-consumption kind includes the Natural products, the Movement-based approaches and the Traditional treatments. The low-consumption kind includes the Energy-based treatments and whole medical system. The demographic variables such as age, gender, ethnicity, education, birth place and occupation were in relation with the usage rate of complementary and alternative medicine.&#x0D; Conclusion: The healthy people have tended to use the complementary and alternative medicine as a part of their healthy lifestyle. The high-consumption strands had origin in the culture and tradition of a society and they are easily available. The low-consumption strands include the methods that the people were less familiar with them; these strands have limited accessibility and the higher costs.&#x0D; Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.294-302

The impacts of depression and anxiety on quality of life among patients with HIV/AIDS and their spouses: testing dyadic dynamics using the actor-partner interdependence model

ABSTRACTHIV/AIDS not only affects the patients, but also their entire family. This study aimed to assess the impacts of the patients’ and their spouses’ anxiety and depression on their quality of life (QoL) at the dyadic level. A total of 120 serodiscordant husband-wife dyads from the voluntary counselling and testing center in Shiraz, Iran, were involved in this study from February to June 2015. The WHOQOL-BREEF, CESD-10, and Beck Anxiety Inventory instruments were used, respectively, to assess the QoL, depression, and anxiety scores of the participants. The actor-partner interdependence model (APIM) was used to estimate the effects of depression and anxiety of both the people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and their spouses on their own QoL (actor effect) as well as their partners’ (partner effect). The APIM analysis revealed that both PLWHAs’ and their spouses’ depression and anxiety showed actor effects on their own QoL. Furthermore, spouses’ depression showed a significant partner effect on PLWHAs’ QoL and PLWHAs’ anxiety had significant partner effects on spouses’ QoL. Accordingly, this data can be used to develop targeted interventions aimed at guidance and assistance of PLWHAs and their spouses to find coping strategies that improve their own QoL as well as their partners’.

Investigating the Relationship between the Premenstrual Syndrome with Sleep Quality in Women Sponsored by the Drug Addiction Treatment Centers in Shiraz in 2017

Investigating the Relationship between the Premenstrual Syndrome with Sleep Quality in Women Sponsored by the Drug Addiction Treatment Centers in Shiraz in 2017

Effects of Continuous Care Model on Depression, Anxiety, and Stress in Iranian Elderly in Shiraz

ABSTRACTBackground:Psychological disorders such as depression, anxiety, and stress are among the most common health problems in old age. Continuous care and support can be effective and help elderly people to adapt to successive losses, especially if provided within the framework of a model. The present study aimed to determine the effects of the continuous care model (CCM) on depression, anxiety, and stress (DAS) in the Iranian elderly in Shiraz. Methods:The present quasi-experimental study was performed on older adults who attended the Soroush elderly day care center in Shiraz (Iran) from September 2014 to June 2015. A total of 50 eligible elderly participated in the study and were randomly assigned to an intervention group (N=25) and a control group (N=25). The CCM was implemented in the intervention group, whereas the control group received the routine care as offered by the day care center. CCM involves four stages, namely orientation, sensitization, control, and evaluation. The data were collected using the depression, anxiety, stress Scale (DASS-21) questionnaire and a demographic data sheet. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software (version 22.0) with the independent sample t test, paired sample t test, Chi-square test, fisher exact test, multivariate analysis of covariance and the Pearson correlation coefficient. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The majority of the participants were women, 44 (88%), with the mean age of 63.4±2.96 years. Following the implementation of the CCM, there was a statistically significant difference in the mean DAS scores between the intervention and control group (P<0.001). Conclusion:The implementation of CCM not only reduced psychological problems (DAS) in the elderly, but also improved and strengthened their psychological condition.

Effect of cawthorne and cooksey exercises on balance and quality of life of 60 to 80 year- old individuals in Shiraz: A randomized clinical trial.

Background: One of the vulnerable populations of any community are the elderly, who are exposed to poor balance, falls, injuries, reduced quality of life (QoL) and independency, and early death. Considering the importance of balance in independently performing activities of daily living (ADL) and its impact on QoL, in this study, we aimed at investigating the effect of Cawthorne and Cooksey exercises (CCE) on QoL and balance of 60 to 80 year-old individuals in Shiraz, Iran. Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on forty 80 to 60-year-old individuals of Jahandideghan retirement center in Shiraz (20 in the intervention and 20 in the control groups) in 2014. The intervention group did CCE in three 60- minute sessions a week for 2 months. The balance status of the participants was assessed with Berg balance test, and their QoL was also examined using SF36 Quality of Life Questionnaire before the intervention and at 2 months post intervention. Data were analyzed by independent t test in SPSS software Version 19. Results: The results of the study revealed that the difference was significant in the balance change scores between the 2 groups (p<0.001, effect size = 0.78). Change differences in the QoL scores were significant between the 2 groups as well (p<0.001, effect size = 0.39). Conclusion: CCT improved QoL and balance of 60 to 80 year- old Shirazians, so considering the low cost, easy implementation, and considerable impact of the exercises, CCT could be used to prevent and treat balance disorders of the elderly.

Jejunostomy with Enteroenterostomy for Enteral Nutrition in Critically Ill Trauma Patients. A Novel Technique.

PurposeThe aim of the current study was to report the surgical outcome and complications of jejunostomy with enteroenterostomy for enteral nutrition (EN) in critically ill trauma patients with prolonged nasogastric (NG) nutrition.MethodsThis cross-sectional study was carried out in a level I trauma center in Shiraz, southern Iran during a one-year period from 2016 to 2017. We included a total number of 30 patients with severe trauma admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with more than three months NG nutrition and bowel atrophy. We performed a novel jejunostomy with an enteroenterostomy procedure for providing a route for enteral nutrition in all 30 patients. The rate of complications, such as dislodgement, clogging, obstruction, leakage, mucosal bleeding, and infection, were recorded and reported. We also recorded the hospital and ICU length of stay (LOS).ResultsWe included a total number of 30 patients with a mean age of 35.64 ± 8.91 years, and there were 23 (76.6%) men and seven (23.4%) women among the patients. Overall, 14 (46.6%) patients experienced complications related to the jejunostomy with enteroenterostomy. The most common complication was nausea and vomiting (33.3%) and distention (33.3%), followed by surgical site infection (30.0%). The mean ICU LOS and hospital LOS was found to be 16.8 ± 3.7 and 24.3 ± 4.1 days, respectively. The overall mortality rate was 17 (56.6%), which was secondary to the primary injury and was not related to the procedure.ConclusionJejunostomy with enteroenterostomy is a safe and feasible method for providing a route for EN in critically ill trauma patients with prolonged NG nutrition and bowel atrophy.

Effect of Educational Program Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior on Increasing the Safe Sexual Behaviors among Addicts Covered by Addiction Treatment Centers in Shiraz

Background and Objective: High-risk behaviors in addicts are one of the most important risk factors for the health of the community. Regarding the negative consequences of insecure sexual behaviors in addicts, this study aimed at investigating the effect of educational program based on the theory of planned behavior on increasing the safe sexual behaviors among addicts covered by addiction treatment centers. Materials and Methods: The present study was conducted in two stages in 2017 among addicts covered by private addiction treatment centers in Shiraz. At first, a descriptive-analytic and cross sectional study was conducted to investigate the factors related to safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior on 200 addicts covered by addiction treatment centers in Shiraz. At this stage, the sampling method was random cluster sampling. In the second stage, a semi-experimental interventional study was performed on 100 addicts (50 people in experimental group and 50 people in control group), who participated in two educational sessions. In this stage, the samples were selected by simple random sampling. Data gathering tools consisted of questionnaire containing demographic information and the theory of planned behavior constructs. After coding, data analysis was performed, using SPSS 22 software by statistical tests such as logistic regression, paired t-test, independent t-test, Chi-square, and McNemar’s tests. Results: After educational intervention, the mean scores of all planned behavior structures (attitude toward behavior, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, behavioral intention, and safe sexual behaviors) in the intervention group significantly increased (p<0.001). These changes were not significant in the control group (p>0.05). Conclusion: Implementation of educational programs to encourage safe sexual behaviors based on the theory of planned behavior increases safe behavior of addicted people.

Effectiveness of Life Review Therapy on Quality of Life in the Late Life at Day Care Centers of Shiraz, Iran: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Life review therapy, used as part of a comprehensive therapy plan for increasing the quality of life of the elderly, helps them to resolve their past conflicts, reconstruct their life stories, and accept their present conditions. The present study aimed to explore the effectiveness of life review therapy on the quality of life of the elderly. The present study was a randomized controlled trial with a pre-posttest design during April to Aug 2014. The study was conducted on 35 members of the elderly day care centers in Shiraz, Iran, that were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental and control). The subjects in the experimental group attended 8 two-hour sessions of life review therapy. The quality of life of the elderly participants was evaluated before, immediately, one month, and three months after the intervention using the quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL_BREF). Data analysis was conducted through SPSS version 22, using statistical tests including Chi-square, repeated measures test and T-test, with the significance level of 0.05. The results of the study showed that life review therapy interventions significantly improved the quality of life of the elderly (P<0.05). Moreover, group interaction with passage of time was also significant, which indicates that the pattern of changes has been different between the two groups. The findings of the study confirm the research hypotheses, showing that the application of life review is effective and viable. It is recommended that all nursing homes and even the families of the elderly should employ this convenient, inexpensive, quick, and practical method. Trial Registration Number: IRCT2015021621106N1.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Spinal Trauma and Spinal Cord Injury in a Trauma Center in Shiraz, Iran

Background: Spinal trauma is a devastating event which could disturb a person’s life. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and risk factors of spinal trauma in Rajaee Trauma Center, Shiraz, Iran. Methods: Data for this cross-sectional study were gathered from October 2009 to August 2015. The study was conducted through data extraction from the classified data of trauma patients admitted to Rajaei hospital. After performing some inclusion and exclusion criteria, 4630 cases were analyzed. The variables analyzed as the risk factors of spinal trauma included sex, age, cord injury, mechanism of injury, and injury severity score. Results: The prevalence of spinal trauma among traumatic patients was 7%; also, 3.7% of those with spinal trauma suffered cord injury. The mean age of the spinal traumatic patients was 38.2 ± 17.8, and male-to-female ratio was 2.394. Car accident, motorbike accident, and fall were the main causes of spinal trauma in this study. The lumbar region was the most common injured site in our study. Old age, cord injury, suicide, and car accident were the main risk factors of mortality among spinal traumatic patients. Risk factors of spinal trauma among traumatic patients were female gender, old age, and fall. The risk factors of cord injury in spinal traumatic patients were male gender, old age, and suicide. Conclusions: It was found that spinal trauma, spinal cord injury (SCI), and mortality among spinal traumatic patients in Iran depended on some risk factors, which should be reduced through eliminating such risk factors. Fall was the most prominent factor of the occurrence of spinal trauma. The most important factors of mortality in spinal traumatic patients were suicide and cord injury. Finally, suicide played the most important role in occurrence of SCI.

Dermatological manifestations of HIV/AIDS individuals in Shiraz, South of Iran

Introduction:HIV infection remains as a major challenge facing medical sciences in the world today. Mucocutaneous manifestation was first observed in patients with HIV/AIDS in the early 1980s. The aim of this study was to identify various skin manifestations based on making careful clinical observations and performing the necessary tests.Materials and Methods:A total of 240 patients whose disease was diagnosed using WB and ELISA tests, with dermatologic manifestations and were older than 18 years, participated in this study. These patients had referred to the voluntary counseling and testing center in Shiraz for routine examinations.Results:From the total of 240 participants, 158 were males (65.8%) and 82 were females (34.2%). The mean age was 40.87 ± 8.04 years. Dermatologic manifestations were of infectious origin in 79 (33%) of the participants. As the most common viral skin infections, herpes simplex was seen in 16 patients (6.7%), with herpes zoster ranking second with 15 patients (6.3%). No relationship was found between CD4 cell count and infectious or noninfectious dermatologic manifestations (P = 0.274).Conclusion:No association was found between CD4 cell counts and dermatologic manifestations. Many skin disorders may appear in HIV/AIDS patients with normal CD4 cell counts.

Quality of Life and Its Influencing Factors of Couples Referred to An Infertility Center in Shiraz, Iran.

In this article which was published in Int J Fertil Steril, Vol 11, No 4, Jan-Mar 2018, on pages 293-297, the "Duration of tducation (male)" was misspelled in Table 1. The corrected one is "Duration of education (male)". In the sentence "These differences might be related to the use of a fertility-specific instrument (FertiQoL) in the study by Huppelschoten et al. (23) and the current study compared to the general QoL assessment instrument by Chachamovich et al. (24) and Rashidi et al. (15)." Which was at the page of 296 in the discussion section, the word "generic" was corrected in to "general".

The Frequency of Brain CT-Scan Findings in Patients with Scalp Lacerations Following Mild Traumatic Brain Injury; A Cross-Sectional Study

To determine the frequency of the brain CT-scan findings in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) and scalp lacerations.This cross-sectional study was conducted during a 1-year period from March 2016 to March 2017 in Level I trauma center in Shiraz, Southern Iran. We included all the adult patients (≥18 years) admitted to our emergency room with mild TBI (GCS on admission of 15) and scalp lacerations. All the patients underwent Brain CT-Scan and the scans were reviewed by two radiologists who were unaware of the patients' clinical findings. The results are reported as proportions and frequencies.Overall we included a total number of 94 patients with minimal TBI who had a scalp laceration on admission. The mean age of the patients was 30.78 ± 8.01 (ranging from 18 to 47) years. There were 58 (61.7%) men and 36 (38.3%) women among the patients. The most common finding of the Brain CT-Scan was subgaleal hematoma in 76 (80.9%) patients followed by base skull base fracture in 7 (7.4%), linear skull fracture in 7 (7.4%), brain contusion in 3 (3.2%) and subdural hematoma in 1 (1.1%).The results of the current study indicate that scalp lacerations are associated with intracranial injuries in about 20% of the patients with mild TBI. Thus brain CT-scan is recommended in all the patients with mild TBI and scalp lacerations.