Science Research Center Research Articles

Seismic site conditions of RESNOM network

The Northwest Seismic Network of Mexico (RESNOM) is operated by personnel from the Center for Scientific Research and Higher Education of Ensenada, Baja California (CICESE), which supervises station installation, improvement, and maintenance. We employed seismic noise and the Horizontal to Vertical Spectral Ratio (HVSR) method to determine, for each station, the following site condition parameters: the depth of the rock layer (Heng_bed), and the geotechnical parameter VS30, obtained from 1D shear wave velocity models. Other parameters as the fundamental frequency (f0) and the average amplitude at the fundamental frequency (A0) were also estimated. Our results show clear differences between the values obtained for the Mexicali Valley and the Peninsular ranges regions. The VS30 obtained for stations of the Mexicali Valley region falls in the range from 173 m/s to 535 m/s, while for the Peninsular Ranges region is between 213 m/s and 958 m/s. Regarding the Heng_bed parameter, the values are similar between both regions, from 23 m to 850 m for the Peninsular and from 42 m to 926 m for the Mexicali Valley. Additionally, from the VS30 values, we propose the site classification according to the U.S. National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP).

Diagnostic aspects of pediatric embryonal tumors of the central nervous system: what should know pediatrician

Background. Early identification of pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors is important in relation to disease prognosis, as well as long-term treatment outcomes, which determine subsequent quality of life. The predominance of embryonal tumors (ETs) in early childhood actualizes the problem of timely verification of the diagnosis. Factors contributing to the extension of diagnostic time in the presented patient’s cohort include the inability to adequately verbalize complaints in young children, a wide range of clinical presentations, including nonspecific ones, the relatively low incidence of ET in the population and the low level of oncological alertness among specialists. This determines the need for a more careful assessment of the clinical manifestations and disease-associated symptoms by doctors of all specialties and, especially, primary care specialists. Aim. Analysis of clinical symptoms at the disease’s onset in pediatric CNS ET in order to determine their associations with the tumor’s characteristics (site, hystologic type) and the patient’s features. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of data from 124 pediatric patients with CNS ET who received treatment from 2010 to 2023 in the departments of pediatric oncology of the Almazov National Medical Research Center and the St. Petersburg Scientific Research Center for Medical Sciences (o) named after. N. P. Napalkov. The analyzed parameters were the age of manifestation, initial symptoms, duration of the anamnesis and the period before verification of the diagnosis, localization and histological type of tumors. For statistical analysis, Fisher’s exact test, modified Pearson test, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests, as well as (to assess the duration of anamnesis) the Cox model were used. Results. The most common type of CNS ET in the study group was medulloblastoma (MB; 66.1%). The average age of patients, in general, was 61 months, boys predominated (58%). The median age varied depending on the histological tumor type: the maximum was 72 months in patients with medulloblastoma and the minimum was 9 months in children with atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor (ATRT). Both medians are significantly different from the total median (29 months) of all other tumors (p = 6.53 ∙ 10-4 and p = 0.029, respectively). The most frequent symptoms in patients with ET were nausea and vomiting (68%), headache (50%), and gait disturbances (25.6%). Increased head circumference/bulging fontanel (p = 0.0016) and torticollis (p = 0.0057) were the most common symptoms associated with younger age. Headache (p = 1.30 ∙ 10-9), nausea and vomiting (p = 0.019), diplopia (p = 0.0057), weight loss (p = 0.017) and dizziness (p = 0.013) were associated with older age. Headache was predominated symptom in medulloblastoma (p = 2.60 ∙ 10-4) compared to other ETs, and less common in ATRT (p = 1.51 ∙ 10-4), which may be due to the patient’s age. Fontanel bulging in medulloblastoma, unlike other ET, was not observed, which is also associated with age. Seizures were observed in all cases of CNS neuroblastoma - significantly more often (p = 0.034) than in other ETs. The most common tumor location was the posterior cranial fossa (PCF) (83.6%). PCF localization was associated with headache (p = 0.05, borderline significance) and nausea/vomiting (p = 0.040). Parietal localization was associated with seizures (p = 0.041). Four patients in the cohort had asymptomatic disease’s manifestations. The diagnosis was established by a routine screening examination. The absence of symptoms was associated with location outside the PCF (p = 0.011) and with younger age (p = 0.053, borderline significance). The diagnosis was established in a significantly shorter time if children had symptoms such as nausea and vomiting (p=0.0017), paresis and paralysis (p=0.0059). Conclusion. In patients with CNS ETs, statistically significant relationships are revealed between age, histological type, tumor site and certain symptoms. Nevertheless, the absence of strictly specific clinical manifestation determines the indications for a careful assessment of the pediatric somatic and neurological status and timely neuroimaging in children when even potential symptoms typical for CNS tumors are identified.

The diversity of commercial marine bivalves in the Nha Phu Lagoon, Khanh Hoa Province, south-central Vietnam

The study was conducted as part of the Joint Vietnam–Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Center’s project on indicator organisms in the marine environment of south-central Vietnam. The research focused on coastal areas with significant anthropogenic impacts, revealing that biological resources directly affect the livelihood and activities of coastal populations. These resources are dynamic and subject to both human and natural factors. The material from the soft-bottom zone was collected using a grab rake with a mesh bag at the end. Scuba diving equipment was used in areas with a hard substrate and mudflats. In addition, during sample collection, several mollusc specimens were acquired from fishermen who cought marine organisms in that lagoon. Comparing the results with previous studies on bivalve resources in the area, the Nha Phu Lagoon was found to harbour a wide range of economically valuable bivalve species. A total of twenty-seven bivalve species from thirteen families were identified, with the family Veneridae having the highest number of species (eight). The most abundant catches were from the families Ostreidae and Mytilidae, primarily consisting of Magallana gigas (Thunberg 1793) and Perna viridis (Linnaeus 1758), both cultured in the lagoon. Apart from their economic value, these two species also play crucial roles in the ecosystem by filtering water and retaining organic debris in the environment.

Assessment of Soil Fertility Status in Vegetable Growing Area of Daman-Palung, Nepal

Soil fertility assessment is essential for sustainable planning for a particular area. Considering this, a study was conducted in November 2018, to determine the soil fertility status of the vegetable growing area of Makwanpur district, Nepal. In total, 50 soil samples were collected randomly from a depth of 0-20 cm using a soil sampling auger. A standard analytical method was used to analyze the texture, soil pH, (Organic matter (OM), Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P2O5), and Potassium (K2O) status of samples at the National Soil Science Research Centre, Khumaltar. The sand, silt and clay content were 45.67±2.08, 35.6±51.37 and 18.49±0.93 respectively and were indicated as loam and sandy loam in texture. The soil was moderately acidic (pH 5.11±0.5) in nature. Soil organic matter ranged from low to medium but the medium (3.37±1.72 %) was prevalent. Total nitrogen content (0.22±0.01 %) and available phosphorus (230.58 ±85.61 ppm), were found to be high. Furthermore, available potassium (97.4±70.04 ppm) content was medium in the soil. The purpose of this soil fertility assessment is to help researchers and farmers in Daman, Palung know the soil fertility status of their area and to guide sustainable soil fertility practices. This soil fertility assessment aims to help researchers and farmers in Daman, Palung understand soil fertility status and determine the best soil fertility practices for their area.

Training for Board Game-based Learning: Evaluation Model and Preliminary Results From a National Program in Italy

Board Game-Based Learning (bGBL) is a dynamic pedagogical approach that leverages the immersive power and distinctive features of board games to promote active and meaningful learning. However, the use of board games in formal learning environments (such as schools, universities, etc.) is limited, and its use in informal learning contexts (such as cultural associations, after-school, fairs, summer camps, etc.) is often reduced to solely entertainment or engagement functions. The reasons include lack of competencies by teachers and educators and of pedagogical and instructional frameworks in scientific literature. In Italy, a joint effort by the National Sport association (CSI) and the Game Science Research Center has given birth to the first bGBL training course at the national level, based on a two-step structure: the first level (L1) is a short training aimed at all individuals willing to learn how to conduct board game activities in different settings; the second level (L2) is a more intensive course aimed at L1 trainees willing to learn how to design, implement, and evaluate bGBL activities. Evaluating the impact of such training is paramount to improve its quality, promoting new training opportunities nationwide, and better understand the competencies required for effective bGBL implementation in different settings. The present study focuses on two main aspects: first, presenting the model for evaluating the course, using Kirkpatrick’s Four levels of evaluation as a reference framework, and the related tools that have been developed, including an ex ante-ex post questionnaire based on four dimensions of self-assessment (performance, process, attitudes, and idea of self); second, presenting preliminary results. We aim to identify the professional, motivational and competence profiles of individuals entering L1 courses, information that is instrumental to design the training to fit participants’ needs and expectations. Taken together, this study might provide valuable information on the implementation of bGBL in various educational contexts and inform the design of learning curricula to enhance bGBL competencies.

Development of a milk-containing drink fermented with chickpea extract

In recent times dairy drinks with plant extracts are in great demand, since such products, thanks to the plant component, can compensate for the deficiency of important nutrients for humans. Legumes, for example, chickpeas (Cicer arietinum L.), can be promising plant raw materials for such drinks: they are rich in biologically available protein, vitamins and dietary fiber. In addition, fermenting such drinks with lactic acid bacteria with probiotic properties can provide even greater benefits to the product. The goal of the research is to develop a technology for a milk drink containing chickpea extract, fermented with lactic acid microorganisms with probiotic properties, to increase the nutritional value and improve the organoleptic characteristics of the product. Lactic acid bacteria used in the research were previously isolated from naturally fermented products, identified and deposited in the national Bioresource Center of the All-Russian Communist Party of Moscow Scientific Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”. The strains were studied for their probiotic and technological properties, including the ability to utilize chickpea antinutritional factors. A milk-containing drink with chickpea extract was fermented with microorganisms at a temperature of 37 °C for 24 hours.The product recipe contained 45% of chickpea extract and 55% of cow milk with a fat content of 0.5%. Two compositions were composed: No. 1 – a milk-containing drink with chickpea extract, fermented with Limosilactobacillus fermentum SB-2 and Latilactobacillus sakei SD-8; No. 2 – milk drink with chickpea extract, fermented with Lactiplantibacillus plantarum PC-7 and Leuconostoc mesenteriodes CH-5. Strains were added to the product in an amount of 1×107 CFU/ml. Both drinks met microbiological requirements and had a pleasant sour-milk taste, but the first drink had light floral notes, while the second drink left a bean aftertaste. According to the research results, composition No. 1 made it possible to obtain a milk-containing drink fermented with chickpea extract, which was the most acceptable in terms of organoleptic indicators.

Корневая гниль яровой пшеницы в условиях Зауралья, варианты оперативной защиты

Abstract. Root rot is a harmful and widespread disease of cereal crops. In the conditions of the Urals, Siberia, and Northern Kazakhstan, its causative agents are various species of fungi of the genus Fusarium and the fungus Bipolaris sorokiniana. The purpose of this study was to comparatively determine the effectiveness of microbiological, chemical and combined protection of spring wheat seeds. Field experiments were carried out on the experimental field of the Kurgan Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture – branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Centre of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Kurgan SRIA – branch of FSBSI UrFASRC, UrB of RAS) in 2019, 2021, 2022. Scientific novelty lies in the determining the competitiveness of various methods of protecting spring wheat seeds in the conditions of the Trans-Urals within the framework of modern cultivation technology. The methods used are generally accepted in the Russian Federation. Results. In conditions of almost annual occurrence of negative natural phenomena for the growth and development of plants (droughts, frosts, sudden changes in temperature, dry winds, etc.), the use of seed treaters can be an additional stress for plants; the presence of the effect of shortening the underground internode can negatively affect field germination culture. To reduce these risks, as well as the pesticide load, we recommend using a combined method of seed protection. It involves the use of a mixture of a bacterial fungicide based on Bacillus subtilis with a chemical disinfectant at half the consumption rate. At the same time, the level of control of phytopathogens is maintained, there is no retardant effect, and economic efficiency is not inferior to the level of using a two-component chemical seed protectant (113–114 %). Chemical protection of seeds reduced the development of root rot pathogens by 63–72 %. The use of combined protection provided good control of phytopathogens, including the dominant fungi Fusarium. The predominant species from the genus Fusarium were the highly dangerous F. oxysporum, F. graminearum, F. sporotrichioides.

ХИРУРГИЧЕСКОЕ ЛЕЧЕНИЕ ВЕРТЕЛЬНЫХ ПЕРЕЛОМОВ БЕДРЕННОЙ КОСТИ С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ ГЕМИАРТРОПЛАСТИКИ ТАЗОБЕДРЕННОГО СУСТАВА

This article presents an analysis of the results of surgical interventions in 145 patients with trochanteric fractures of the femur, who underwent hemiarthroplasty of the hip joint in the trauma departments of the Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medicine (CHEMS), formerly the Bishkek Scientific Research Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics (BSRCTO). We are considering the stage from 2019 to the present. According to the WHO age of patient classification, the senile age had twice as many compared to the elderly. This is due to the appearance of osteoporosis among older age groups of people, with an improvement in life and a sharp increase in the number of elderly people. Surgeons concluded that hemiarthroplasty of the hip joint is rapidly regenerating and necessary in the treatment of trochanteric fractures of the femur in older people.

Possible link between familial susceptibility to cancer and the level of oxidative stress in thyroid cancer patients

BackgroundHereditary cancer is estimated to account for up to 10% of the worldwide cancer burden; 5% of all thyroid cancers are thought to be genetic. Inheritance of a deleterious mutation in genes associated with a high lifetime risk of developing cancer. Cancer-predisposing genes can promote the initiation and progression of thyroid cancer by enhancing the activation of major signaling pathways through oxidative stress mechanisms.AimIdentification of the possible link between familial susceptibility to cancer and the level of oxidative stress in thyroid cancer patients.MethodsPatients with thyroid cancer (with and without genetic predisposition) were investigated. Study participants were treated in Limited Liability Company (LLC) “Oncology Scientific Research Center” (Tbilisi, Georgia). The study group was collected between 2020 and 2021. In patients’ blood, the thyroid hormones content (free Triiodothyronine (fFT3), free Thyroxine (fFT4), bound Triiodothyronine (FT3), bound Thyroxine (FT4), Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)), and oxidative stress intensity (total activity of non-enzymatic antioxidant system (TAA) and the lipid peroxidation product, malondialdehyde (MDA), content) were investigated.ResultsThe difference in free and bound forms of T3 and T4 levels in the blood serum between patients with thyroid cancer (Group 2 and Group 3) and the control group (Group 1) was not statistically significant (F1,2=0.5, p1,2=0.8, F1,3=2.31, p1,3=0.16). In patients with thyroid cancer the TSH level significantly increased compared to the control group (Group 1) (TSH (mean ± Std error): Group 1– 1.21 ± 0.12, Group 2–2.45 ± 0.11 (F1,2=107, p1,2<0.001), Group 3–2.47 ± 0.17 (F1,3=150, p1,3<0.001)) and the MDA levels increased by 4–5 fold. In patients with thyroid cancer from families with cancer aggregation(Group 2), the level of TAA statistically significantly decreased (F1 − 2=200; p1 − 2<0.001), in patients without genetic predisposition to cancer(Group 3), the level of TAA did not change compared to the control (F1 − 3= 2.13; p1 − 3=0.15),ConclusionsOxidative stress plays a critical role in tumorigenesis, and antioxidant/oxidant imbalance may contribute to the malignant transformation of normal tissue. In patients with familial susceptibility to cancer mutations of several genes, which are involved in the regulation of oxidative metabolism, may contribute to the disruption of the redox balance, increase the level of oxidative stress, and contribute to the development of thyroid cancer.

Identification of the Fifteen Varieties of Bio-Dates to Optimize their Nutritional Value

Dates are fruits rich in biologically active substances, which give them a great interest in terms of validation. For this resonance, our study focuses on the biometric, physico-chemical, and biochemical characteristics of fifteen varieties of dates within the palms of the Loudaya experimental area of the centre for scientific and technical research on arid regions CRSTRA, Biskra, Algeria.

P-793 New approaches for treating diminished ovarian reserve: MSC-derived extracellular vesicles and autologous platelet rich plasma

Abstract Study question Does intraovarian injection of MSC-Derived Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) and autologous platelet rich plasma (PRP) improves the outcome of IVF in women with Diminished Ovarian reserve? Summary answer EVs and PRP therapies increse Antral follicle count (AFC), lower FSH level and result in higher amount of mature oocytes and blastocysts What is known already Diminished ovarian reserve (DOR) and premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) are significant impediments to the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Current strategies for ovarian stimulation primarily affects only the growth of antral follicles. Even in scenarios where ovarian ovulatory function is compromised, a reservoir of dormant follicles persists, which could potentially be activated by stem cells. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), owing to their multipotent differentiation capabilities and paracrine signaling properties, have emerged as leading candidates for innovative therapeutic approaches. Recent scientific inquiries have highlighted the paracrine impact of EVs secreted by stem cells, underscoring their prospective therapeutic relevance. Study design, size, duration This prospective interventional study was conducted at the V.I. Kulakov Scientific Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Perinatology in Russia. It involved 60 infertile female participants aged 20 to 38 years, each with DOR and a history of at least two unsuccessful IVF cycles. These participants were enrolled in the study during their subsequent IVF cycle. Prior to inclusion, all patients provided written informed consent. Participants/materials, setting, methods Patients in group 1 (n = 30) received treatment with exosomes derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (HUC-MSCs-Exos) prior to initiating their in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycle. In contrast, participants in group 2 (n = 30) underwent intraovarian therapy with autologous platelet-rich plasma (PRP) in preparation for their IVF cycle. The comparative analysis encompassed antral follicle count (AFC), anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) levels, ovarian stimulation outcomes, and the primary characteristics of oogenesis and embryogenesis. Main results and the role of chance After transplantation of EVs and PRP the ovarian function-related hormone levels and the AFC returned to nearly normal parameteres.Meanwhile, after exosomal treatment the improvement in reproductive outcomes was more significant. FSH concentration was significantly different before and 30 days after the procedure in both groups. In group 1 FSH values were less than the initial data In 95% of cases, in group 2 – in 72% of cases. AMH levels did not change significantly in both groups. The AFC increased in group 1 compared to group 2. All Patients underwent an IVF antagonist cycle after 3 months from the treatment. The number of obtained oocytes in group 1 ranged from 2 to 8, MII from 1 to 6; in group 2: from 0-5, MII – 0-5. The number of blastocysts in group 1 ranged from 1 to 5, in group 2 – from 0 to 3. In group 1, pregnancy occurred in 9 patients (30%): 1 women ( 3,3%) conceived spontaneously in the cycle of procedures, 8 (26,7%) attempted IVF, in group 2 pregnancy occurred in 4 patients (13,3%): 4 attempted IVF. EVs and PRP injections improve outcomes of IVF results in women with low ovarian reserve. Limitations, reasons for caution Limitations may include the fact that the study is single-center and has a rather small amount of patients enrolled in the study. Fundamental approaches to further research in this area are also required to better understand the obtained results. Wider implications of the findings EVs and PRP therapies appear to enhance ovarian reserve metrics and the success rates of IVF programs in patients with DOR. The clinical implementation of these interventions may offer improved reproductive prospects for patients whose sole option was previously oocyte donation. Trial registration number 121040600410-7

Характеристика сучасного стану іхтіофауни озера Котлован як малої штучної водойми м. Дніпро

Purpose. To investigate the current state of nearshore and pelagic communities of ichthyofauna of an artificial water body: Lake Kotlovan in the city of Dnipro. To develop a set of recommendations and bioreclamation measures to improve and maintain a balanced ecological state of the water body, to increase its recreational value. Methodology.The study of ichthyofauna was carried out in the lake Kotlovan (total area 13.4 hectares), which was artificially created in the late 1960s and 1970s, located in the Industrial District of Dnipro in the area of industrial development. The study was carried out in September 2021 - October 2022 in three main nearshore biotopes of the water body. Ichthyological samples were collected in the nearshore shallow water zone with a small-mesh (fry) seine of 15 meters long with a mesh size of 7 mm in the wings and 3 mm in the codend. Fish selected for further analysis were preserved in a 4.5% formalin solution. Processing and analysis of the collected samples were carried out at the research center “Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture” of the Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University (DSAEU). Generally accepted methods of mathematical analysis were used to process the results. The study was carried out in accordance with the Program for conducting scientific fisheries research of the Scientific Research Center “Aquatic Bioresources and Aquaculture” of the DSAEU for 2022–2026. Findings. The peculiarities of the species composition and distribution of the spontaneously formed ichthyofauna of an artificial water body under the impact of negative factors - discharges of enterprises, communal and household effluents and active recreation - have been established. Ichthyofauna of the lake Kotlovan is impoverished and represented by only 10 species (4 families). The composition of the ichthyofauna lacks bottom-dwelling fish and some littoral species (representatives of the familiesCobitidae, Siluridae, Syngnathidae, Gasterosteidae, Gobiidae), a certain deformation of the taxonomic structure was observed. The absence of individual families of ichthyofauna is an atypical situation for most water bodies in this region. This is due to the artificial development of ichthyofauna and the complex negative effect of the anthropogenic factor and internal trophic relationships. Recommendations on bioreclamation measures for the development of a stable ichthyocenosis with the improvement of the trophic structure and ecological condition of the artificial water body have been developed. Originality. The species composition of the ichthyofauna of an artificially created completely isolated water body in the city of Dnipro, which has existed for about 50 years, was determined for the first time. The current structure of fish groups according to species composition, conservation status, relative abundance, type of feeding and origin were investigated. A high level of the infestation of bleak Alburnus alburnus and silver bream Blicca bjoerkna with ligulosis and perch Perca fluviatilis with eustrongylidosis was observed. Measures and recommendations for improving the state of the ichthyofauna of Lake Kotlovan and increasing the recreational value of the water body were proposed. Practical value. Based on the conducted study, it is possible to evaluate and forecast the future state of the ichthyofauna of small, artificially created and isolated water bodies under anthropogenic pressure. The proposed bioreclamation measures will allow increasing the stability of ichthyocenosis and improving water quality as well as the conditions for recreation of residents, recreational fishing within the boundaries of a large city (a complex of ecosystem services). Keywords: city of Dnipro, artificial water body, ichthyofauna, bioreclamation, biotope, recreation, ecosystem services.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЯБЛОЧНОГО ЖМЫХА В КОРМАХ НА ОБЩИЙ ГОМЕОСТАЗ ОРГАНИЗМА ПЕРЕПЕЛОВ

Apple pomace is a valuable raw material containing a sufficient amount of dietary fiber, minerals and biologically active substances. This paper describes the results of an experiment to study the effect of apple pomace added to feed on the general blood parameters of Texas breed quails. The experiment lasted 21 days in the veterinary clinic of the Saratov State University of Genetics, Biotechnology and Engineering named after N.I. Vavilov, according to the principle of analogues, three experimental groups were created, ten heads in each group, with different amounts of pomace in the feed, as a percentage: group 1 - 8 %, group 2 - 10 %, group 3 - 15 %. A control group was also formed, receiving a diet without pomace. The diet of the experimental groups consisted of complete granulated food for quails, to which was added apple pomace from a local manufacturer - ACSSC «Khvalynsky Sad». The apple pomace was obtained from the Berkutovskoye apple variety and dried using a Russian convective dryer Ezidri Ultra FD1000 Digital. A blood test was done before the start of the experiment and after, at the Veterinary Hospital Scientific Research Center on a PCE-90Vet hematology analyzer. According to the results of the experiment it was established that the best indicators of homeostasis in the body of quails were in the second experimental group, which was supplemented with 10 % apple pomace.

Effectiveness of the Use of Denosumab When Performing Intralesional Surgery in Patients with Gigant Cell Tumors of the Bones of the Knee Joint

In intralesional resection of giant cell tumors, local recurrence rate can be as high as 60–65 %. Some authors attribute recurrences to the presence of an extraosseus component and pathologic fractures, others focus on the effectiveness of bone cavity processing. Currently, denosumab is widely used in treatment of giant cell tumors of the bone. Most frequently, it is used in neoadjuvant regimen at dose 120 mg. This regimen allows to decrease the volume of extraosseous tumor component, form bone margins, and, as a result, make radical resection easier. However, the number of publications on increased risk of local tumor recurrence after neoadjuvant denosumab administration has been growing.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of various denosumab administration regimens in intralesional tumor resection in patients with giant cell tumors of the bones forming the knee joint.Materials and methods. The prospective study included outcomes of integrated treatment of 65 patients (34 (52.3 %) women and 31 (47.7 %) men) who underwent surgery at the Division of Bone Oncology of the National Scientific Research Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics named after R.R. Vreden due to giant cell tumors of the knee joint between 2017 and 2023. Mean patient age was 37.5 ± 9.79 years (95 % confidence interval 35.11–39.96; range 19–61 years). Mean follow-up duration was 40.2 ± 13.3 months (95 % confidence interval 36.87–43.46; range 18–68 months). To perform comparative analysis, the patients were divided into 2 groups depending on treatment type. The Group 1 (control) included 32 patients who subcutaneously received 120 mg denosumab prior to surgery (4 injections once a week and then once a month; total number of injections was 6 or more) with subsequent intralesional tumor resection, defect reconstruction with cement in combination with external fixation using a lockable condylar plate. The Group 2 (treatment) included 33 patients who underwent the same surgery as patients of Group 1 and then received subcutaneous injections of 120 mg denosumab (1 injection once a month for 3 months after surgery). Classification and analysis of complications were performed using the International Society of Limb Salvage (ISOLS) 2014 system. Functional outcomes were evaluated using the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society Score (MSTS) at 3, 6, and 12 months.Results. Mean time of recurrence diagnosis in the Group 1 was 9.1 months, in the Group 2 – 14.3 months. Evaluation of the probability of local tumor recurrence depending on treatment type showed statistically significant differences (p = 0.001). Odds of local recurrence in the Group 2 were 10.6 times lower than in the Group 1, and odds of revision surgical intervention in this patient group was 14.5 times higher (with higher probability, this surgery involved oncological endoprosthesis) (p = 0.011). No statistically significant differences in development of distant metastases and probability of death depending on treatment type were found (p = 0.492). According to the obtained data, there are statistically significant differences in functioning of the knee joint per the MSTS scale in the Groups 1 and 2 at 6 and 12 months (p = 0.021 and p = 0.021, respectively). Functional outcomes were better in the Group 2. No significant differences in knee joint functioning per the MSTS scale at 3 months depending on treatment type were found (p = 0.764).Conclusion. Administration of denosumab in the postoperative period allows to improve oncological outcomes due to decreased number of local recurrences (2 (6.1 %) cases), maintenance of excellent local control and good functional results, and to decrease the probability of revision surgical intervention to a minimum. In our study, administration of this drug prior to surgery (intralesional tumor resection) significantly increased the risk of local tumor recurrence (p = 0.001).

Nomenclatural standards of barley cultivars bred by the Ural Research Institute of Agriculture – Branch of the Ural Federal Agrarian Scientific Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences

As part of the present work, nomenclatural standards of spring barley cultivars ‘Krauf’ and ‘Pamyati Chepeleva’ were created by the Ural Research Institute of Agriculture.The plant material for these nomenclatural standards was collected at the Research and Production Base “Pushkin and Pavlovsk laboratories of VIR”.The article presents descriptions of morphological and biological and economic properties of the cultivars.The nomenclatural standard of cultivar ‘Krauf’ is represented by one herbarium sheet and has one duplicate sheet, while that of cultivar ‘Pamyati Chepeleva’ is represented by one herbarium sheet and two duplicates.Every sheet contains the entire plant at the milky ripeness stage collected at the Pushkin Laboratories of RPB “Pushkin and Pavlovsk Laboratories of VIR”, as well as mature spikes and grains samples collected at the Ural Research Institute of Agriculture. The plant material for the herbaria was taken from the offspring of one seed sample.The nomenclatural standard specimens were prepared in accordance with the recommendations of the International Code of Nomenclature of Cultivated Plants (ICNCP) and registered in the VIR Herbarium database. The herbarium specimens were deposited at the Herbarium of Cultivated Plants of the World, their Wild Relatives and Weeds (WIR) at the National Center for Plant Genetic Resources.

Value Chain in the Production of Sacha Inchi Oil (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Plukenetia volubilis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.) in Cuba

The seeds of Sacha Inchi (&amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Plukenetia volubilis&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; L.) contain vitamins, tocopherols and fatty acids, and are a natural source of omegas 3, 6 and 9. The crop was introduced in Cuba in 2016, by the Research Center on Proteic Plants and Bionatural Products (CIPB) and has been extended to currently reach 120 ha. Since 2019, a group from CIPB has been working to extract the oil from the seeds, which has proven nutritional values, pharmacological effects and safety, and also on its marketing. The aim was analyze the results of application of manage model as value chain during the two first years to produce Sacha Inchi oil in Cuba. The management model with a value chain approach, as an organizational innovation, favored the development of completely new products and the use of wastes from the main process, which is extracting the oil. In the different links of the chain, known technologies and process and product innovations have been applied. In the productive and commercial activity, the co-innovation with the National Center for Scientific Research (CNIC) stands out, by achieving a productive chain, which guarantees the production of soft oil capsules, which offers greater reliability and attractive appearance compared to other pharmaceutical forms. Reference is made to the experimental evidence that supports the Standard Operating Procedures, to the economic benefits for national sales and exports, to the social impacts and the environmental perspective. All of the above constitutes a scientific novelty for Cuba, since it is the first time that Sacha Inchi is cultivated, industrial oil is obtained from its seeds and it is marketed in the country.

Đặc điểm lâm sàng và hiệu quả điều trị của liệu pháp oxy cao áp ở bệnh nhân chóng mặt ngoại biên

This paper presents “Clinical characteristics and therapeutic efficacy of hyperbaric oxygen therapy in patients with peripheral vertigo” to determine the clinical features of peripheral vertigo and its therapeutic efficacy. The study was carried out at Hyperbaric Oxygen Center (Southern Branch of Joint Vietnam-Russia Tropical Science and Technology Research Center) from October 2021 to December 2022, with 60 patients, divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 30 patients was treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) and group 2 consisted of 30 patients was treated with HBOT and drugs (vestibular inhibitors, antiemetics and brain tonics). The results showed that: vertigo often occured when changing head position, vertigo accompanied by nausea, loss of balance. After the treatment, the group treated with HBOT and drugs, the patient's condition improved better, the level gradually increased with HBOT. In the group treated with HBOT and drugs, the mean score before treatment was 12.5 points, after 10 days of treatment was 4.37 points, after 20 days of treatment decreased to 0.63 points and after 30 days of treatment to 0.27 points. Particularly, in the group treated with HBOT, this rate was 12.33 points, respectively; 6.37 points; 2.1 points and 0.97 points (p &lt; 0.05).

Обзор подходов к оценке влияния новых вызовов на экономику и отдельные аспекты налогообложения

The article presents a review of publications devoted to the approaches to assessing the impact of external shocks on the economy in general and on certain aspects of taxation in particular. It considers both studies that assess this impact by analyzing macroeconomic indicators (less often — budget indicators) and building econometric models (mainly SVAR and VAR models are used in this case), and studies in which various authors propose their own indicators to assess this impact (most often they are either sustainability indicators or stress indicators). Special attention is paid to publications the subject of which is the impact of new challenges on the tax system. A separate block includes publications in which the above issues are considered in relation to the Russian tax system. These are not only scientific articles on the topic, but also documents of international organizations, such as the International Monetary Fund, OECD, World Bank, etc. In addition, the article provides an overview of publications of foreign scientific institutes and research centers. Sanctions imposed on the economy of the Russian Federation are a particular case of an external shock. Thus, a review of publications assessing the impact of new challenges (by the example of sanctions) on the tax system of the Russian Federation is presented. The authors conclude that to assess the impact of new challenges on the tax system it is more advisable to use indicators based on statistical tax reporting.

РОССИЙСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ: ОТ МОСКВЫ ДО САМЫХ ДО ОКРАИН... (ПО МАТЕРИАЛАМ 16-ГО «КРУГЛОГО СТОЛА» «РОССИЙСКОЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ СЕГОДНЯ»)

The need to improve all levels of the educational institution is obvious to parents, schoolchildren, students, teachers, employers, authorities. The opinion of scientists was presented at the 16th Round Table “Russian Education Today”, held at the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Scientific Research Center on February 12-13, 2024. Co-organizers were presented by the Department of Sociology of Education of the Institute of Sociology of the Federal Scientific Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Research Committee “Sociology of Education” of the Russian Society of Sociologists, and the journal “Sociological Research”. In seven sections, 50 applications and 16 cities of the Russian Federation were presented - from Vologda to Chita. This review reflects the results of the work of seven sections, the topics of which went far beyond the stated theme of the year “Education and professional implementation”.

Biochemical indicators of the infertile cows of the small farming

Diagnostics of disorders of reproductive function has certain complications and difficulties, especially in case of hidden course and subclinical manifestation, which requires laboratory tests. Therefore, the purpose of our work was to determine the biochemical parameters of the blood of infertile cows of a small farm and to interpret the obtained data regarding the effect on reproductive function.The research was carried out in the conditions of the «Horns and Hoofs firm» of the Novomoskovsk district of the Dnipropetrovsk region on cows of the black and spotted breed during the winter-stall period and the scientific research center of biosafety and ecologicalcontrol of agricultural resources "Biosafety center" in the city of Dnipro. The object of research was cows with impaired reproductive function, the subject was biochemical indicators of their blood. According to the results of the research, changes in biochemical indicators were found in the blood of infertile cows, which consisted in the deficiency of globulins (27.9 g/l), urea nitrogen (5.65 mg%), glucose (2.19 mmol/l), calcium (2.02 mmol/l), inorganic phosphorus (1.21 mmol/l), carotene (274.5 μg%) and selenium (22.14 μg/l); decrease to the limit content of urea (2.94 mmol/l), vitamins A (28.31 μg/100 ml) and E (3.84 μg/ml), copper (52.98 μg%) and cobalt (2.21 μg%); exceeding the normal content of AST (81.3 Units/l), manganese (39.44 µg%), protein coefficient (1.19 units), Ca/P (1.76 units) and total lipoproteins (1057.4 mg%). The specified changes can affect the manifestation of the reproductive capacity of animals and lead to delayed puberty and sexual maturity (deficiency of phosphorus, copper, cobalt), deterioration of the motor function of the muscles of the genital tract (deficiency of glucose, urea, vitamin E, selenium), violation of the sexual cycle anaphrodisia / anestrus (subestrus) / infertility (deficiency of urea, carotene / vitamins A and E, selenium, copper, cobalt, calcium, phosphorus, violation of the Ca:P ratio), increased insemination/fertilization index (deficiency of globulins, urea, carotene/vitamin A and E, selenium, copper, cobalt, calcium, phosphorus, violation of the Ca:P ratio), reduction of fertilization of eggs in vitro (glucose deficiency), violation of embryogenesis (deficiency of copper, cobalt, calcium, phosphorus, vitamins E and selenium) and processes fetal maturation (deficiency of globulins, copper), antenatal pathologies (deficiency of carotene/vitamin A), abortions (deficiency of urea, calcium, phosphorus, cobalt, copper), increased frequency of dystocia (deficiency of urea, carotene/vitamin A and E, selenium, copper) a violation of the Ca:P ratio), the birth of dead, weak or non-viable calves (deficiency of globulins, vitamins A and E, selenium, cobalt, copper, phosphorus), an increase in the number of postpartum diseases (deficiency of carotene/vitamin A and E, selenium, cobalt, calcium, phosphorus, violation of the Ca:P ratio), lengthening of the intercalary period (deficiency of glucose and phosphorus, violation of the Ca:P ratio). Key words: female cattle, disorders of reproductive function, nutrients, vitamins, macro- and microelements.