Cent Of Dogs Research Articles

Failure of vagotomy to prevent the formation of Mann Williamson ulcers in dogs.

THE MANN-WILLIAMSON procedure of internal duodenal drainage is recognized as a convenient and consistent method of producing experimental peptic ulcers. 1 In from 90 to 100 per cent of dogs so prepared chronic progressive ulcers resembling the spontaneous ulcers of the stomach and duodenum in man develop. The availability of an experimental procedure which leads to the development of a specific disease in such a high percentage of cases obviously provides a most useful test object for the therapeutic effectiveness of various types of treatment. While this method was not employed by Dragstedt and his associates 2 when they introduced complete gastric vagotomy for the treatment of peptic ulcer in man, it has since been employed almost simultaneously in a number of different laboratories as a check on results coming from the clinic. During the progress of the present study, several workers have published results from similar experiments. Harkins and

Dietary Factors Concerned in Erythropoiesis—Continued

Dietary Factors Concerned in Erythropoiesis—Continued

THE RELATIONSHIP OF INFECTING DOSAGE, LEUCOCYTIC RESPONSE, BACTEREMIA, AND EXTENT OF PULMONARY INVOLVEMENT TO THE OUTCOME OF EXPERIMENTAL LOBAR PNEUMONIA IN THE DOG

The present study comprises observations on the course and outcome of experimentally produced Type I pneumococcus lobar pneumonia in dogs. It was found that within certain limits of dosage the outcome of the disease was closely related to the amount of culture and the volume of the starch inoculum employed. The much higher mortality rate resulting from simply increasing the volume of starch in which the pneumococci were suspended, appeared to be due chiefly to the greater area of lung tissue initially involved. Certain striking relationships were observed to exist between the leucocytic response, extent of pulmonary involvement, bacteremia and outcome. Marked changes in the number of white blood cells at end of the first 24 hours of the disease provided more valuable prognostic information than either the blood culture or the size of the lesion. Dogs showing high white counts at this stage seldom succumbed, while absence of leucocytosis and leucopenia were associated with a mortality which increased with the diminishing numbers of circulating white blood cells. Over 90 per cent of the animals with counts of less than 2,000 cells per c. mm. died. The extent of the pulmonary lesion was likewise observed to bear a direct relationship to death rate. With the lesion confined to a single lobe the mortality was only 1 per cent. Spread to other lobes was accompanied by a sharply rising death rate until it reached 98 per cent in dogs with three-fourths the lung field involved. Increasing occurrence of bacteremia paralleled both the decreasing white counts and the extending pulmonary lesions and subsequent to the 24 hour stage of the disease the presence or absence of pneumococci in the blood appears to be of more significance, in relation to outcome, than either of these two other factors. Even in the presence of leucopenia and an extensive lesion the animal might survive provided the blood remained sterile.

EFFECT OF VARIOUS ANESTHETICS ON THE CHOLESTEROL AND SUGAR CONTENT OF THE BLOOD

In the course of experimentation on gallstone formation,1it was noted that animals under ether anesthesia showed a higher blood cholesterol value than they did preceding the anesthesia. The literature on this point was in some respects meager, and was conflicting. Therefore, experiments were carried out in an attempt to determine the amount and the extent of change in blood cholesterol under various anesthetics. Bloor2reported a in blood fat (in which all the lipoid constituents shared) of from 40 to 100 per cent in dogs under ether anesthesia. The rate of was most marked during the first hour. Using chloroform, Bloor found no in blood cholesterol unless the dog was previously stuffed with fat. Then there was a sharp rise. He noted an after rise from chloroform two or three days later. Both morphine and ethyl alcohol produced a slight or no increase in