Census Approach Research Articles

Human Resource Training Process on Employee Performance in Trans Nzoia County Government, Kenya

To develop the desired knowledge, skills and abilities of the employees, to perform well on the job, requires effective human resource training process that may also affect employee motivation and commitment. Human resource training process was defined as an activity or activities that include undertaking one or a series of courses to boost performance, productivity, skills, and knowledge. From this perspective, the study strove to examine the effect of human resource training process on employee performance in Trans Nzoia County government, Kenya The specific objectives of the study were; to determine the effect of training needs assessment on employee performance in Trans Nzoia County government, Kenya; to establish the effect of training programs design on employee performance in Trans Nzoia County government, Kenya; to assess the effect of training delivery approaches on employee performance in Trans Nzoia County government, Kenya; and to examine the effect of training evaluation on employee performance in Trans Nzoia County government, Kenya. The study was anchored on human capital theory, Institutional theory, the motivational theory and action theory. The study adopted a descriptive research design while adopting a census approach since the target population was considered manageable. The target population in this study was 145 respondents who were the senior and middle level staff of Trans Nzoia County government, Kenya. The research instrument for data collection was a structured questionnaire on a likert-scale. Data was analyzed with the help of statistical package for social sciences version 26, Analysis of Variances, Correlation and regression analysis tools were used to establish the relationship between the variables. The study established that training needs assessment (r = .850, β=.875, p<.001) had the largest significant effect on employee performance, followed by training evaluation (r = 817, β=.707, p<.001), training delivery approaches (r = .783, β=.673, p<.001) and lastly training program design (r = .589, β=.589, p<.001). The study concluded that contract management is a significant predictor of performance. The study's conclusions will be important to Trans Nzoia County government leaders, other Kenyan counties, corporate and public sector managers, and academics. According to the report, training needs assessment should compare expected and actual employee performance and follow county government requirements. It also proposed connecting training needs with job requirements and assessing Trans Nzoia County government employees' present competencies vs new work requirements. The report suggested integrating human resource training programs with county government needs assessment to enhance relevance and fill knowledge gaps. Before attending sessions, trainees should be informed of training objectives and the method should be tailored to meet them. Most respondents supported Trans Nzoia County Government's leadership decisions technique for training delivery, hence the study endorsed it. For effective training, the county government should hold more conferences, workshops, and mentoring programs. According to the report, county leadership should gather input before and after training to evaluate the program's value and influence on employee behavior, career growth, experience, and performance. Effective evaluation should focus on employee performance gains and help coordinate the training process.

Ontogenetic change in the venom composition of one Mexican black-tailed rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus nigrescens) from Durango, Mexico

To corroborate the ontogenetic shift in the venom composition of the Mexican Black-tailed Rattlesnake (Crotalus molossus nigrescens) previously reported through the census approach, we evaluated the shift in the protein profile, lethality, and proteolytic and phospholipase activities of four venom samples obtained in 2015, 2018, 2019, and 2021 from one C. m. nigrescens individual (CMN06) collected in Durango, Mexico. We demonstrated that the venom of C. m. nigrescens changed from a myotoxin-rich venom to a phospholipase A2 and snake venom metalloproteinase-rich venom. Additionally, the proteolytic and phospholipase activities increased with age, but the lethality decreased approximately three times.

Green Procurement and Performance of Food and Beverage Manufacturing Firms in Kenya

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between green procurement and the performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya.
 Methodology: An explanatory research design was employed in the study. All 172 of Kenya's registered food and manufacturing businesses were considered using the census approach. Using questionnaires, primary data was gathered. This study employed 172 questionnaires. Version 25 of the SPSS statistical program was used to analyze the data. The primary data was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical analysis techniques. Descriptive statistics gives the profile of the respondents, that is, the frequencies and their percentages; whereas inferential statistics adopts a hierarchical, moderated, multiple regression analysis model in order to determine the effect of the explanatory variable.
 Findings: The study found that there is a correlation of 0.701 between green procurement and the success of Kenyan food and beverage manufacturing companies. Green procurement accounted for 48.7% of the variation in the performance of food and beverage manufacturing firms in Kenya.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: Strategic Choice theory was adopted and validated. By incorporating stakeholders, assessing policy choices, making educated judgments, aligning with capacities, adjusting to changes, minimizing risks, and encouraging cooperation for sustainable procurement practises, Strategic Choice Theory could assist Kenya in developing a complete green procurement policy. The study found that implementing green procurement would; conserve the environment, reduce unnecessary costs to a firm, improve customer satisfaction, improve firm reputation, increase product acceptance, and increase the sales volume.

Feasibility analysis of sustainability and development strategy of fish smoke centers in Demak Regency

The Indonesian population relies heavily on the fisheries subsector as a source of protein. Fish can be processed to extend its shelf life and enable distribution from fish producing sites to consumption centers. The goal of this study is to evaluate and pinpoint the development plans for Asap Indah fish smoking centers’ financial, sustainability, and financial prospects. Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), SWOT, and financial analysis are used in this study’s survey methodology. Purposive sampling is used in the method of location determination. the census approach and the purposeful sampling method for identifying respondents. With an NPV of Rp. 5,586,348,906, a Net B/C of 1.75, an IRR of 71.18%, and a PP achieved for 10 months and 27 days, the findings of the research on the financial analysis of smoked fish are feasible. Asap Indah Fish Smoking Center has a high sustainability value, with an average sustainability value of 2.216 or 73.8%, according to the study’s findings. The primary tactics for the development of Asap Indah fish smoking centers are: Entrepreneurs can enhance production and expand the market by planning production and marketing, according to the findings of the SWOT analysis and the calculation of the overall assessment value.

Understanding Family-centered Care and Related Factors From the Perspective of Mothers of Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) presents numerous challenges for families with affected children due to communication and social interaction difficulties. Adopting a family-centered care approach can enhance the quality of care and increase the satisfaction of families seeking medical services for children with ASD. Objective: This study aims to assess the status of family-centered care and its related factors among mothers of children with ASD in Rasht City, Iran. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 183 mothers of children with ASD in Rasht, utilizing a census approach at Guilan Welfare Centres in September 2020. Data collection tools involved questionnaires on individual-family characteristics and the measure of processes of care, a 20-item questionnaire, which was validated and reliable. Descriptive and inferential statistics, including the Pearson test, independent t-test, analyses of variance, and multiple linear regression, were used for data analysis. Results: Out of 183 participants (69.31%), met the study criteria most mothers held a diploma (41%) and were housewives (74.3%). The scores for “empowerment and partnership” and “general information” aspects were below mean score, while “specific information”, “comprehensiveness and coordination” of services, and “respect and support” aspects received scores above mean score. The aspect of “specific information” received the highest score (55.4±16.2), while the “general information” aspect received the lowest (45.3±88.1). The regression model revealed that the child’s gender (B=-0.58, 95% CI, -1.07% to 0.001%, P=0.001), sufficiency of health insurance (B=-1.19, 95% CI, -2.17% to -0.21%, P=0.017), and severity of ASD (B=-1.25, 95% CI, -2.46% to -0.04%, P=0.042) significantly influenced empowerment and participation, general information, and specific information aspects. The family residence also impacted the aspect of respect and support (B=-1.24, 95% CI, 0.57% to 1.17%, P=0.001). Conclusion: The study findings revealed that mothers’ understanding of family-centered care in empowerment/participation and general information was below mean score. This finding highlights the importance of focusing on family-oriented approaches while providing services and care to families with children with ASD.

Supply Chain Inclusivity and Performance of State Corporations in the Energy Sector in Kenya.

In recent years, there has been a growing recognition of the importance of diversity and inclusivity in supply chain management. This includes a focus on promoting diversity and inclusivity within the workforce, as well as in the supply chain itself. Governments while deploying public funds for the provision of goods, works and services have realized the need to use supply chain function to advance social and economic development by ensuring the inclusion of otherwise excluded. However, there is little research done to establish whether inclusivity practices improve organization performance. This study therefore sought to establish the influence of supply chain inclusivity on the performance of state corporations in the energy sector. Specifically, the study aimed at determining the influence of discriminatory procurement, stakeholder involvement, supply chain diversity and supply chain integration on performance of state corporations in the energy sector in Kenya. The study adopted a descriptive survey design. The target population for this study was nine (9) State Corporations operating in the Energy sector in Kenya. Due to the limited number of target population, a census approach was adopted. Thus, all the 9 state corporations operating in Energy sector were included. The research purposefully targeted employees in the procurement and finance departments. A total of 20 employees were involved per organization arriving at a total of 180 respondents. A questionnaire was used in collecting data. With the study being quantitative in nature, both descriptive statistics and inferential statistics were employed. The study used SPSS version 26 to facilitate the analysis of data. Inferential data analysis was done using Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression analysis method. Data was presented using a combination of statistical techniques and graphical techniques. The study established that jointly, discriminatory procurement, stakeholder involvement, supply chain diversity and supply chain integration influence the performance of state corporations in the energy sector. The study recommends that state corporations should institutionalize procurement plans with a total reservation of at least 30% of the procurement budget to the special groups. The study also recommends that state corporations should authenticate tender awards and purchase orders and enter into agreements with relevant financing institutions with an undertaking that the contracted special enterprises be paid through the account opened with the financier. Consequently, the study recommends that local firms be offered more protection to enable them stand chance against the mega global entities. Further, the study recommends for involvement of citizens, local communities and civil society organizations in the process of purchasing goods and services by the state corporations through provision of input on procurement plans, monitoring procurement processes, and providing feedback on the quality of goods and services purchased. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended to state corporations that for them to effectively embrace supply chain diversity there is need to access and mitigate any barriers and bottlenecks that may hinder fair treatment, equity and justice in supply chain processes. The study also recommends to state corporations to explore and embrace advanced and emerging technologies in exchange of strategic supply chain information for improvement in the relationship and integration between the supply chain partners. The study further recommends for collaborations within the supply chain to allow firms to partner by combining core competencies and expertise as firms derive more benefits from working together than individual firms can gain on their own.

Implementation of inclusive education in Ghana: The mission of SENCos

AbstractThis article investigates the roles of special education needs co‐ordinators (SENCos) in the implementation of inclusive education (IE) in Ghana. The mixed‐methods approach, specifically the convergent design, was adopted. Seventy‐three SENCos responded to a questionnaire, and 15 SENCos were interviewed. The census approach was used for selecting the respondents for the quantitative phase, while the purposive sampling technique was used for the selection of participants in the qualitative phase. A semi‐structured interview guide was used in collecting the qualitative data. Frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations were used in analysing the quantitative data. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data. The study concluded that SENCos are ‘directors’ of the implementation of IE; hence, the Ministry of Education should clearly state their roles in the IE policy.

Pengaruh Disiplin Kerja Dan Pengalaman Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Guru Yayasan Mas Athoriyah Cikatomas Kabupaten Tasikmalaya

This study aims to determine the simultaneous and partial effect of work discipline and work experience on teacher performance at the Mas Athoriyah Cikatomas Foundation, Tasikmalaya Regency. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a census approach. The population in this study amounted to 40 teachers at the Mas Athoriyah Cikatomas Foundation, Tasikmalaya Regency. The type of data used in this study is primary data obtained through questionnaires. The data testing technique used in this study uses the validity test, reliability test and classic assumption test. Data analysis in this study used multiple regression analysis using SPSS software version 25. The results of this study indicate that work discipline and work experience simultaneously have a significant effect on teacher performance at the Mas Athoriyah Cikatomas Foundation, Tasikmalaya Regency. Work Discipline partially has a significant effect on the Teacher Performance of the Mas Athoriyah Cikatomas Foundation, Tasikmalaya Regency, and work experience partially has a significant effect on the Teacher Performance of the Mas Athoriyah Cikatomas Foundation, Tasikmalaya Regency.

The Effect Of Compensation And Leadership Style On Employee Performance At CV. Giri Putra In The City Of Tasikmalaya

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of compensation and leadership style on employee performance at CV. Giri Putra in Tasikmalaya City. The research method used is a quantitative method with a census approach to 45 respondents who are employees of CV. Giri Putra. The analytical method used is multiple linear regression analysis. The result of hypothesis testing found that Compensation and Leadership Style simultaneously have a significant effect on Employee Performance at CV. Giri Putra in Tasikmalaya City. Partial Compensation has no significants effect on Employee Performance at CV. Giri Putra in Tasikmalaya City and Leadership Style partially have a significant effect on Employee Performance at CV. Giri Putra in Tasikmalaya City.

The influence of sustainable supply chain management practices on financial sustainability of food processing SMEs

PurposeThe importance of sustainable supply chain management practices (SSCMPs) in the financial performance of firms is increasing significantly. However, the influence of SSCMPs on financial performance can vary across sectors and contexts. This research aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the influence of SSCMPs on the financial sustainability of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in the food processing industry. For this, the influence of sustainable environment practices, customer and supplier relationships, social SCMPs and lean supply chain on the financial sustainability of food processing SMEs is studied.Design/methodology/approachA questionnaire survey was conducted to collect data from 56 food processing SMEs in Mbeya, Tanzania. The study employed a cross-sectional research design and a census approach to capture data from all eligible SMEs in the target population. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and multiple linear regression (MLR) were utilized as the primary data analysis techniques.FindingsThe findings of the study revealed a positive and significant influence of various SSCMPs on the financial sustainability of food processing SMEs. Specifically, sustainable environment management practices (β = 0.147, p = 0.000), supplier relationship management (SRM) (β = 0.715, p = 0.001), customer relationship management (CRM) (β = 0.894, p = 0.016), social SCMP (β = 0.901, p = 0.005) and lean supply chain practices (β = 0.675, p = 0.003) were all found to have a significant effect on the financial sustainability of the surveyed food processing SMEs.Practical implicationsThe study recommends the need to plan and integrate SSCMPs in firms’ operation processes, promote collaboration and networking and offer capacity-building initiatives that equip food processing SMEs with the necessary skills and knowledge to implement SSCMPs effectively. These will nurture effective adoption of SSCMP, leading to improved operations, environmental performance, financial sustainability and long-term viability of the sector.Originality/valueWhile SSCMPs have gained attention in the literature, the specific focus on its impact on financial sustainability in the context of food processing SMEs adds originality to this research. Industry stakeholders and policymakers can utilize the findings of this study to develop supportive policies and programs that promote sustainable supply chain practices and enhance financial sustainability in the food processing sector.

PENGARUH KOMUNIKASI DAN BUDAYA KERJA TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KARYAWAN NAFAZ COLLECTION

This study aims to determine the effect of simultaneously and partially Communication and Work Culture on Employee Productivity in Nafaz Collection. The research method used in this study is a quantitative method with a census approach. The population in this study amounted to 55 employees at Nafaz Collection. The type of data used in this study is primary data obtained through questionnaires. The data testing technique used in this study uses the validity test, reliability test and classic assumption test. Data analysis in this study used multiple regression analysis using SPSS software version 25. The results of this study indicate that communication and work culture simultaneously have a significant effect on employee productivity in nafaz collection. Communication partially has a significant effect on Employee Productivity in the Nafaz Collection and Work Culture partially has a significant effect on Employee Productivity in the Nafaz Collection.

Pengaruh Kompensasi Dan Disiplin Kerja Terhadap Kinerja Karyawan (Sensus Pada Bengkel Per Mobil Cahya Fajar Magelang)

This study aims to determine the effect simultaneously and partially of Compensation and Work Discipline on Employee Performance at the Cahya Fajar Car Repair Shop, Magelang. The research method used in this study is to use quantitative research methods with a census approach. The population in this study were 44 employees of the Cahya Fajar Car Repair Shop. The type of data used in this study is primary data obtained through questionnaires. The data testing technique used in this study uses the validity test, reliability test and classic assumption test. Data analysis in this study used multiple regression analysis using SPSS software version 25. The results of the study show that compensation and work discipline simultaneously have a significant effect on employee performance at the Cahya Fajar Magelang Car Workshop. Partial compensation has a significant effect on employee performance at the Cahya Fajar Car Repair Shop, Magelang. Work Discipline partially has a significant effect on Employee Performance at the Cahya Fajar Car Repair Shop, Magelang.

Enhancing Performance of HIV/AIDS Projects through Digital Health Interventions for Client Appointments in Kisumu County, Kenya

This study examined the perceptions of health service providers on the relationship between utilization of digital health intervention (DHI) for clients’ adherence to appointments and performance of HIV/AIDS projects in Kisumu County using an ex-post facto cross-sectional descriptive survey design. A census approach was used to recruit 191 participants who were at work during the data collection period across eight health facilities where the DHI was being used. Quantitative data was collected electronically using a questionnaire built a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using SPSS version 26. Descriptive analysis involved generating the means and standard deviations while inferential analysis involved determining correlations and linear regression modelling. Results for both descriptive and inferential statistics are presented using tables. Qualitative data was collected using a key informant interview guide and analyzed thematically. Data were collected in January 2022. Results show a high level of utilization of DHI for clients’ appointments adherence (composite mean =4.28; SD=0.77; CI=95%). Performance of HIV/AIDS projects was scored highly with a composite mean of 4.47 (SD=0.057; CI=95%). A Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.349; p value<0.001, showed a statistically significant positive relationship between the two variables. Utilization of DHI for clients’ appointments adherence could potentially influence performance of HIV/AIDS projects by up to 28% (R2=0.28, p value<0.001). The study concluded that the DHI for clients’ appointments adherence was critical in improving adherence to treatment plans and management of appointments as an electronic diary at the health facilities hence improving performance of HIV/AIDS projects.

Antiretroviral Drug Management Tool and Performance of HIV/AIDS projects in Kisumu County, Kenya: A Digital Heath Solution Approach

The aim of this study was to assess the influence of utilization of the digital health intervention for antiretroviral drug management on performance of HIV/AIDS projects in Kisumu County. An ex-post facto cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to gain understanding on the influence of the use of the digital health intervention for antiretroviral drug management on the performance of the HIV/AIDS projects. The study was conducted in eight (2 level V and 6 level IV) health facilities providing HIV/AIDS care and treatment in Kisumu. Using a census approach the study recruited 191 participants who were health service providers across the study sites. The study used a 5-point Likert scale to measure the perspectives of the participants on aspects of utilization of the digital health intervention for antiretroviral drug management and performance of HIV/AIDS projects. A key informant interview guide was used to collect qualitative data. There was a positive significant relationship between utilization of digital health interventions for antiretroviral drug management and performance of HIV/AIDS projects with a Pearson Coefficient value=0.507, p value<0.001. A linear regression model gave an R square value of = 0.332, indicating that utilization of the digital health intervention for ARV drug management could positively influence up to 33.2% of improvement in performance of HIV/AIDS projects. This study concluded that using technology to manage drugs has potential to significantly improve overall performance of a health project. Increased investment towards scaling implementation of the Web antiretroviral dispensing tool as the commonly used intervention.

Employee Performance in Terms of Organizational Commitment and Work Motivation: The Mediating Role of Organization Citizenship Behaviors

By using organizational citizenship behavior as a mediation, this study tries to show empirically how employee performance is influenced by organizational commitment and job motivation. Up to 84 workers from Probolinggo City's Food Security, Agriculture, and Fisheries Office served as the study's subjects. Because there were less than 100 people in each sample, the census approach was used for all of them. While data analysis employs path analysis, the data employed are primary data derived from the responses to questionnaires sent to respondents. The findings indicated that employee performance is influenced by organizational commitment and job motivation. Additionally, it was discovered that job motivation and organizational commitment both influence organizational citizenship behavior. Additionally, research has shown that organizational citizenship behavior influences employee performance while also acting as a buffer between organizational commitment and job motivation, and employee performance. The findings of this study suggest that organizational citizenship behavior may be utilized to predict employee performance using independent factors such as organizational commitment and job motivation.

Conservation efforts of Shorea balangeran in oil palm landscape: case study from Central Kalimantan

Shorea balangeran is a threatened species native to Indonesia that can only be found in Sumatra and Borneo. Lack of information on the ecology of S. balangeran, including its distribution and abundance, becomes our difficulty in conserving the species. The aim of the research was to study the distribution and abundance of S. balangeran and its conservation status. Ecological sampling was conducted in a conserved area in the oil palm landscape in Central Kalimantan. S. balangeran was surveyed by using a census approach to determine the status of the species in a forest patch of about 539 ha. A total of 1.133 individuals of S. balangeran were counted during the observation period. Pole type was found to be dominant, in contrast, tree type was the smallest. Sampling collection was performed to ensure the regeneration of the species. There were about 1.400 saplings maintained in the nursery. Conservation efforts on a small scale, a total of 18.104 seedlings were planted in several locations. This finding suggests that dedicated land for the conservation areas in oil palm landscapes is the key to ensuring the regeneration of S. balangeran. The Implication of those findings toward a wider scale of plant conservation is discussed.

GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN PAKISTANI MEDIA INDUSTRY: A JOURNALISTIC PERCEPTION

Females are countering different problems is every walk of life and journalism is no exception. This study “Gender Discrimination in Media Industry: A Journalistic Perception from Pakistan” aims at examining the perception of Pakistani journalists regarding the issues faced by female journalists with three research question, Firstly, what gender issues exist among women journalists in Pakistan? Secondly, what challenges do women journalists face in Pakistan? And thirdly what should be the possible solution and polices for gender discrimination in Pakistan media industry?The study involves a quantitative approach and Survey design was adopted. Questionnaire was the main instrument with closed ended questions and the responses were measured on 5 point likert scale. All the registered members of National Press Club Islamabad were taken as the population and 347 respondents were taken as sample frame. Census approach was used for distribution of electronic questionnaire. This study reveals that majority of male respondents strongly agreed that female journalists face gender discrimination in media industry. Most of the male respondents strongly agreed with that there are some possible solution and polices should be present for gender discrimination in Pakistan media industry like, improvement in recruitment system, equal opportunities for development, recognition of genuine work.

Competitive Strategies and Performance of Selected Large Supermarkets in Nairobi City County, Kenya

A company's success is significantly influenced by its competitive response strategy. Competitive response strategies essentially aim to steer a business through its uncertain and erratic external environment while enabling it to keep order and efficiency in its internal operations. The COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected Kenya's retail industry and the economy. Due to a fall in economic productivity and consumer spending, many shops have struggled with smaller sales margins. Due to declining sales, companies have also been forced to lay off employees and close some branches. There is plenty of research on competitive response methods in other industries. However, few studies have focused on supermarkets, and no studies exist on whether or not these strategies were effective during the Covid-19 epidemic. Therefore, this study aimed to establish how competitive response strategies affected certain supermarkets' performance during COVID-19 in Nairobi. The research examined the effect of supermarkets' cost leadership, focus strategy, and differentiation on their operations during the COVID-19 crisis in Nairobi, Kenya. Specific research questions guided the overall study aims. The study employed a descriptive research design to address the research questions. The population of interest included the top, middle, and lower-level management staff from supermarkets participating in this study. The target population comprised 204 workers from various stores within the chosen supermarkets. In this investigation, the census approach of data collection was employed. Semi-structured and closed-ended questionnaires were the data collection instruments. The equipment used to perform the study was checked to confirm its accuracy and validity before it was set up for use. The data was then processed and categorized, and ready for analysis. Descriptive analysis was used to interpret the findings using average, frequency, and confidence interval statistics. The research only used inferential analysis inside the multi-regression paradigm. The model showed the level of correlation between the research variables. For inferential analysis, the correlation showed the significance of the linkages underpinning firm performance, cost leadership, and differentiation. Additionally, regression analysis showed the significance of the relationships underpinning dependent and independent variables. Lastly, the research complied with the required ethical standards and guidelines.

PENGARUH KEPEMIMPINAN TRANSFORMASIONAL DAN BUDAYA KERJA TERHADAP KINERJA PERANGKAT DESA SE-KECAMATAN CIKALONG KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA

The research conducted aims to determine the simultaneous and partial influence of Transformational Leadership and Work Culture on the Performance of Village Officials in Cikalong District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The research method used is quantitative research with associative descriptive method (causality) and census approach. The population in this study was 186 employees who were village officials in Cikalong District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The sample determination technique used is Non Probability Sampling (Saturated Sampling). The type of data used is primary data obtained through the distribution of questionnaires to respondents. Data testing in this study includes validity tests, reliability tests, and classical assumption tests. The data analysis tools used are multiple linear regression, correlation coefficient, and coefficient of determination using IBM SPSS (Statitical Product and Service Solution) software Windows version 25. Based on the results of the study, it can be seen that Transformational Leadership and Work Culture simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on the Performance of Village Officials in Cikalong District, Tasikmalaya Regency. Transformational Leadership partially has a positive and significant effect on the Performance of Village Officials in Cikalong District, Tasikmalaya Regency. Work Culture partially has a positive and significant effect on the Performance of Village Apparatus in Cikalong District, Tasikmalaya Regency.

Optimizing the Role of Higher Education in Increasing the Response Rate of the Online Population Census 2020 in Semarang

The online population census was first launched in 2020. The purpose of the online population census 2020 is to provide data on the number, composition, distribution, and characteristics of the Indonesian population towards one Indonesian population data and provide demographic parameters and population projections and other population characteristics for population projections and SDGs indicators. These data are needed by the government as one of the bases for making decisions or policies in order to be able to accommodate all existing interests. This innovation with an online census approach is undoubtedly inseparable from social problems or constraints. Social, economic, and geographic factors affect the literacy of information and communication technology in society. The factual conditions in the field encouraged the team community service to take a strategic role by carrying out community service activities in Kecamaran Pabelan, Semarang Regency, in the form of online population census 2020 assistance activities. Mentoring methods are carried out by providing counseling, socialization, and technical guidance to the Public. The results achieved from this assistance to partners were an increase in the community response rate in Semarang Regency, more partners could participate and it was easier to fill data in the online population census 2020.