Cemetery Land Research Articles

The Influence of Land Scarcity on Funeral Method Preferences in the Chinese Community

Chinese public cemeteries in Malaysia, also known as "Yishan," are dedicated burial sites specifically used by the Chinese community for the interment of their deceased loved ones. These cemeteries adhere to Chinese cultural and religious practices related to ancestor veneration and the afterlife. The cemetery land is mostly provided by the local government, and the local association is responsible for managing the cemetery. Since the Yishan located in the city are already nearing saturation, the government cannot afford to allocate land for new Yishan to the relevant guild members, making many Yishan difficult to find. Additionally, Chinese graves occupy more land than those of other races due to the burial practices. Consequently, the Chinese community faces a shortage of burial land, often having to resort to more expensive private cemeteries. This paper is based on a proposal by the Selangor senior exco member, Datuk Teng Chang Khim, to address the issue of land scarcity for Chinese burials. Teng expressed the Malaysia Funeral Association's intention to promote flower burial in Malaysia, a method that uses less land, to alleviate this problem. Therefore, this research aims to identify the funeral methods preferred by the Chinese community and determine their preferences for these methods. In this study, quantitative analysis was adopted to collect data. Central Malacca was chosen as the research location because it is one of the states in Malaysia with a large Chinese population and may face cemetery land scarcity. A total of 384 respondents were needed for this analysis. The results indicate a high preference for flower burial among the respondents. Other methods, such as sea burial and ice burial, also showed satisfactory preference levels. Thus, this research provides insight to the Malaysia Funeral Association that the Chinese community in Malacca is interested in and prefers alternative funeral methods, such as flower burial, which could help address the issue of land scarcity for cemeteries in the future.

Applying GIS and Markov chain in establishing the land use change map and forecasting land use changes in Thach That district, Hanoi city

The study applied GIS and Markov chains to assess land use changes in the period 2015-2020 and forecast land use change trends in Thach That district, Hanoi city until 2030. Using two maps of the land use status quo map in 2015 and 2020 of Thach That district and 2 period land statistics, the research result has established a land use change map in Thach That district for the period 2015 - 2020 for 16 types of land with a land change rate of 9.63% of the total natural area. During this period, the land types that tend to increase are Perennial crop land; Special-use Forest land; Aquaculture land; Other agricultural land; Residential land; Special-use land; Land for religious establishments; Land for beliefs establishments and Specialized water surfaces with an increased rate of 0.05-2.28%. In contrast, land types with a decreasing trend are Annual crop land; Production Forest land; Protective Forest land; Cemetery land, cemetery, funeral home, crematorium; Land of rivers, streams, canals and streams; Other non-agricultural land, and Unused land which decreased at a rate of 0.02-2.34%. It is forecast that by 2030, agricultural land will have 10,271.28 hectares (accounting for 54.90%), non-agricultural land will have 8,432.22 hectares (accounting for 45.07%), unused land will have 4.76 hectares (accounting for 0.03%). Performing a T-Test (Paired two sample for Means) between the area from the forecast and the planned area until 2030 shows that ρ = 0.979 > 0.05. Thus, it proves that the results of forecasting land use changes to 2030 using the Markov chain compared to the land use planning plan of Thach That district do not have too big a difference. The results of assessing land use changes and making forecasts of land change trends in the Thach That district contribute to helping policymakers have an objective view of land-use planning and economic development sustainably.

Improving the Efficiency of Ground Clearance for Cemetery Land and Cemeteries in Nhon Hoi Economic Area, Binh Dinh Province, Case Study of the Southwest Urban Area Project in Nhon Ly Commune

Improving the Efficiency of Ground Clearance for Cemetery Land and Cemeteries in Nhon Hoi Economic Area, Binh Dinh Province, Case Study of the Southwest Urban Area Project in Nhon Ly Commune

Geospatial Technologies approach for Cemetery Management Solutions: A Review

 The study was first initiated to tackle an issue currently faced by the state religious council in Perlis, Malaysia, towards the oversupply of waqf land specifically for cemetery purposes which would be unsustainable for the current development trend. This study was conducted quantitatively by obtaining data from the urban planning department, PLANMalaysia, and the state religious agencies, MAIPs, Perlis. Two types of GIS software used are QGIS and MapInfo, while the result from the database will be updated into MAIPs’ database, so-called MYGOS, with the most recent data. Therefore, the study finds out that most of the waqf land is not in line with the land use zoning of the local plan, which indicates a lack of two-way communication between the state planning authority and the state religious council. This caused the cemetery land supply in Perlis to exceed the current and future needs until 2035. Consequently, the study will elevate the management system of waqf land in Perlis by adapting the current technology of GIS. Updating the database with the most recent data will ease other related agencies to access and integrate the information related to waqf land and improve data transparency in promoting cooperation between the two agencies. This study demonstrates the uses of GIS in waqf land management, from conventional data storing methods to modern and convenient technologies, and can also show the data inconsistency between the religious institution and urban planning agencies in Malaysia.

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF FUNERAL RETRIBUTION PAYMENTS IN DKI JAKARTA

Management of cemetery land is a problem that is currently being experienced in the DKI Jakarta area, for this reason the research aims to analyze the influence of the e-Retribution Payment System, Government Socialization, Compulsory Retribution Literacy on the Effectiveness of Retribution Payments. The research uses a quantitative approach which uses a questionnaire as a data collection technique, processing statistical data using the Smart PLS application. The research population was TPU in the South Jakarta area, with burial samples in a number of TPU, namely: Kampung Kandang, Jeruk Purut, Tanah Kusir and Menteng Pulo. The unit of analysis for this research is the community as the heirs of families buried in the area. The results of the study prove that empirically the electronic levy payment system and outreach carried out by the government have a positive and significant effect on the effectiveness of retribution payments, while levy compulsory literacy has no significant effect on the effectiveness of retribution payments.

Modelling of geospatial data through multi criteria analysis for cemetery land management

The suitability of the new cemetery site selection area is one of the management that needs to be emphasized for sustainable development. Lack of suitable land for burial is a major issue that often arises especially in big cities including Malaysia, even though guidelines have been specified. To overcome this problem, the systematic use of technology needs to be implemented. The aim of this study is to analyze the existing modeling method and the factors involved in obtaining a suitable area for a new cemetery site, which has to meet all the specified guidelines. Along with advancement, the uses of Geographic Information System (GIS) technology and the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in digital form can help speed up the accession to a suitable physical location. This method is expected to help the local authorities and speed up the process of choosing a suitable place for the cemetery. The application of the AHP technique supports the study results through variable weighting values (weightage) according to the suitability of the study area. Evaluation of the weighted value (weightage) is suggested to be done in areas outside of the study area to assess consistency and appropriateness in all places. Proposals related to the location of new cemeteries require a quantitative study of the ratio of racial composition in an area. As a conclusion, the study is able to find a new cemetery location that is suitable and meets the specified guidelines is very crucial. The criteria used depend on the religious followers in a particular area.

PEMILIHAN KELURAHAN CALON LOKASI TPU DI JAKARTA

DKI Jakarta experienced a public cemetery (TPU) land crisis during covid-19 which caused 3 (three) overcapacity TPU lands (DKI Jakarta Provincial Government, 2021). The need for TPU is increasing, causing problems such as a shortage of grave land. In overcoming this problem, a plan for selecting a new TPU location is needed, considering the land crisis can be minimized and the community's need for public burial places is still met. The DKI Jakarta Spatial Planning & Zoning Pattern designates 97 sub-districts to become TPU land developments. In choosing the location of the new TPU, a structured research method is needed, so that among these 97 sub-districts the best location can be chosen, in selecting the right location by using the map overlay analysis method (arcGIS). The stages of selecting the location of the new TPU use criteria, namely, the use of vacant land, the slope of the slope, the radius of the settlement which will be tested simultaneously in 97 urban villages. The results of this study selected 3 sub-districts to be the location of the new TPU, namely Rorotan, Grinding and Rawa Terate Villages. This selected sub-district has an area of +10 ha of vacant land, has a minimum radius of 500m from the settlement and a suitable slope

Reflections on urbanisation, land supply and the Ghanaian physical planning system towards sustaining cemetery land use in Greater Kumasi Metropolitan Area

Urbanisation and land supply are real problems in many urban centres. Due to the concentration of people in towns and cities beyond their capacities and lateral urban expansion into the peripheries, municipal facilities and resources, particularly land, are constrained or overstretched to engender unfavourable competition among land uses. In this way, less economic yielding land use like cemeteries are competed out. This study, therefore, explored the trio of urbanisation, land supply and how the Ghanaian physical planning system contribute to sustaining cemetery land use in the Greater Kumasi Metropolitan Area of Ghana. Having been underpinned by the interpretive research paradigm, the study correspondingly used qualitative research methodological approaches including in-depth interviews, and focus group discussions to collect data through audio tape recording from thirty (30) interviews which were transcribed and analysed. Findings of the study include encroachment on cemeteries primarily by traditional leaders for economic gains, acute shortage of burial spaces in the metropolis’ cemeteries leading to congestion and re-use of old graves with shallow depths in order not to disturb earlier interments. Unfortunately too, the physical planning system does not provide for detailed and conscious planning for cemeteries to sustain them. To help deal with the situation, policy measures have been suggested.

INFLUENCE OF TPU CIBARUNAI SERVICES ON MANAGEMENT OF BURIAL GROUND BANDUNG CITY

This study aims to find out how the role of the Bandung City Government regarding services at Cibarunai TPU in Managing Cemetery Land. This study uses a quantitative method through a descriptive approach as part of the response research of an employee at TPU Cibarunai. This study also uses a non-probability sampling technique with a total of 10-15 informants. The results of this study aim to determine the role of the Bandung City government in Cibarunai TPU services in managing Cemetery Land. which is still not optimal in carrying out the division of existing land and officers who are still lacking in socializing directly with the surrounding community so that there are many problems or obstacles that exist. The role of the Regional Government of the City of Bandung as a provider of land is not only as a community service institution but in a democratic society it has a main role, namely providing infrastructure and facilities.

Public Cemetery Land Management Policy in Sidoarjo Regency

This research aims to analyze and describe the implementation of public burial land management policies for villagers in Ban Village as well as factors that affect the implementation of public burial land management policies for villagers in Ban Village. This study is a qualitative descriptive study using purposive sampling techniques in determining informants. Data collection techniques with observations, interviews, and documentation. Data analysis techniques use an interactive approach from Miles and Hubeman consisting of four components of analysis namely; data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion withdrawal. The dimension of the organization's activities has not been maximized even though the coordination of each implemtator exists but there are still people who are not aware of this policy. The behavioral dimensions of policy implementing agents are in accordance with the concept of Van Meter and Van Horn which has procedural performance for the successful implementation of this public burial land management policy. Economic, social, cultural dimensions see the need for a review of the policy of managing public burial land this looks at the condition of rural communities that have changed in terms of economy, habits, lifestyle. Factors that influence the implementation of this policy are encountered by researchers on the age and type of education, gender, and knowledge and understanding that points to each individual in determining the preferences taken as a basis for determining attitudes on existing policies.

Politics of Cemetery: Religious Minority in Local Indonesia

In post-authoritarian Indonesia, although the position of followers of belief (kepercayaan) before the state has relatively positive progress, some still face problems related to their religious identity. One of the followers of belief groups that still receive religious discrimination is the Sapta Darma community in Brebes, Central Java, Indonesia. For example, the followers of Sapta Darma in this region face problems of the availability of cemetery for their deceased members, while just like some other religions; a burial ground is an important part of their religious ritual and identity. This article attempts to explain what restrictions prevent the Sapta Darma community from obtaining cemetery land for their members and what the Sapta Darma community has conducted to settle the problem. This article is based on qualitative research that was conducted in Brebes. This article shows that the availability of Public Cemetery (TPU) and some people’s acceptance of this community serve as the main restriction for the Sapta Darma community to fulfill their need for cemetery land. To settle this problem, they have made some attempts, including seeking the state’s recognition and solution independently.

Analisis Kebutuhan Pembangunan Tempat Pemakaman Umum di Perkotaan Tuban

The land availability in public cemeteries in Tuban currently under pressure towards the land capacity which is getting limited due to the population growth and inadequate facilities. This study, using the calculation to get the estimated area and the land capacity of the public cemetery in Tuban. The data compilation steps consists of primary survey and secondary survey. The primary survey activities carried out included field surveys and community aspirations which were carried out through in-depth interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGD). Meanwhile, the secondary survey was conducted to find data, namely basic data on laws and policies, and data on social demographic conditions. The analytical method used is the analysis of grave needs by analyzing the projection of the mortality rate, calculating the need for cemetery land area per year, calculating the remaining land area for the cemetery, calculating the remaining land capacity of the cemetery, and calculating the remaining capacity of the cemetery with a one-time overlapping system. From the results of the analysis, it is obtained that the remaining capacity of the burial ground in Tuban District will be filled in 2021 and will require an additional land area of 617,945 m2 (61 Ha) in 2030. Semanding and Merakurak Districts are projected to be full in 2025 with a land area requirement of 81,589 m2 (8.1 Ha) and 113,875 m2 (11 Ha) in 2030 Palang District will be full in 2026 and Jenu District will be full in 2028.

Forecast of COVID-19 cemetery land needs with system dynamics modeling

As of June 30, 2021, Indonesia ranks third in Asia with the highest number of deaths due to COVID-19. One of the provinces in Indonesia, Central Java, is ranked third nationally in the accumulation of positive cases, recoveries, and deaths. Fulfilling the need for burial grounds for COVID-19 positive bodies needs attention because several countries and regions in Indonesia were experiencing a COVID-19 public cemetery land crisis. Sragen Regency is one area in Central Java designated as a red zone. The number of death cases is relatively high needs to ensure the availability of COVID-19 burial grounds. Therefore, this study aims to model the forecast for COVID-19 burial grounds. The approach used in this research is systems thinking, while the method used is system dynamics with Powersim software. Reference data for modeling is obtained from the http://corona.sragenkab.go.id page. The simulation results show the AME value of 4.7% or less than 5% so that the model is declared valid. Based on the Business as Usual (BAU) simulation, in the 20th week, it is estimated that there will be 320 deaths with a burial area of 961.13 m². Until the 20th week, the increase in COVID-19 Positive Population, Death, and Cemetery Land Needs on the graph of the BAU simulation results shows an exponential growth trend.

The Waqf Cemetery Information System

The Waqf cemetery information system is a web-based system that purpose is to create a complete and accurate database describing the real conditions of the Waqf cemetery land in Karees, Cibeunying, Bojonegara and Tegallega area, The method of research is the waterfall model that carried out through literature study on the legislation related to the Waqf data collection, basic database, and system development theory, the previous data survey as the basic information in the collection of Waqf land mainly at Gedebage and Ujung Berung areas, a primary survey conducted with a direct review in the field to record the waqf land in Karees, Cibeunying, Bojonegara and Tegallega areas, the design phase of designing Waqf cemetery information system. The results of a field survey obtained of the Waqf cemetery land 36.547 m2 with extensive details of the cemetery land that has been certified are 19.751 dan 16.796 not yet certified, status of the legality of the Waqf land are 22 Cemetery locations scattered in nine sub-districts, 19.571 m2 area. The waqf cemetery information system that has been built has advantages in accelerating the search process, report and statistical information data of Waqf/individual/private cemetery land, to save time and eliminate human mistakes and to improve services to the community.

ANALISIS TERHADAP PERMASALAHAN HUKUM PENGUASAAN TANAH DENGAN HAK GUNA USAHA DI KALIMANTAN (STUDI PUTUSAN: PUTUSAN MAHKAMAH AGUNG NOMOR 121 K/TUN/2017)

The law of the land Indonesia in the act of no. 5 1960 basic provisions concerning this agrarian law based on article 33 paragraph 3 constitution of the Republic of Indonesia 1945. In long-term development the role of land to meet various purposes will increase, good as a live and for business activities. The high level of demand will ground , present us on various problems quaint and still unsolved in an unsatisfactory manner for all parties. Usage rights business have had the use as agricultural land, fisheries, or farmers usage rights a business are also was in directly controlled by the state with a term 25 years or 35 years old and if necessary it could be prolonged 25 years, the broad at least usage rights business at least 5 acres. The various kinds of problems land around land and land together have a Cultivation Rights Title itself such a delicate and complicated it feels conflict land that is just keep on coming from the opening of the land and forest , damage to the customary overlapping permission and many other conflict certain harming other parties. The results of the investigations and analysis Forest Watch Indonesia has indicated the occurrence of violations of related to the licensing of some companies by the district government Long Bentuq area. Forest watch indonesia found the existence of overlapping permission between companies the oil palm with a company from various sectors which are all active operating in the same location but it happened to the forest customary, eviction cemetery land and sengon and cocoa plantations belonging to society is in the village Long Bentuq. The approach used by the writer among others is the approach comparative and law.

Soil characteristics in an exhumed cemetery land in Central Singapore.

Soils in urban landscape act as a component for various ecological functions. For sustainable urban greenery and effective management of urban ecosystems, evaluation of soil quality is of paramount importance. A study was undertaken to assess the existing soil quality and determine spatial soil variability of an exhumed cemetery land in central Singapore, so that systematic and sustainable soil management practices could be implemented for its conversion into an urban park. A stratified sampling method was followed to collect the soil samples from three depths: 0-30, 30-50, and 50-100cm. An integrated soil quality index (SQI) approach was undertaken to monitor the changes in soil properties. The visual assessment showed the uniformity of horizon distribution of the soil profiles across the park and the soils had acidic pH ([Formula: see text] 5.2) and moderately high bulk density ([Formula: see text] 1.6gcm-3). Considering the soil depths, top layer had higher organic carbon content ([Formula: see text] 1.03%) and it was significantly lower in deeper layers ([Formula: see text] 0.71%). Detailed soil analysis results indicated that the soils of the proposed park area were in low fertility status, devoid of macro nutrients (available nitrogen: [Formula: see text] 486.1, phosphorus: [Formula: see text] 8.5 and potassium: [Formula: see text] 9.2mgkg-1) and high in iron content ([Formula: see text] 114.8mgkg-1), and can be classified as "Ferric Acrisol" (FAO WRB) or "Ultisol" (USDA). The SQI map of total soil (0-100cm) was different from surface soil, indicating impact of human activities on overall changes in soil quality distribution.

Radiokarbon Bagi Penentuan Umur Candi Bojongmenje di Rancaekek, Jawa Barat

AbstractThe finding of the temple in Bojongmenje, cangkuang, bandung is a historic event for west java community. Bojongmenje temple site on cemetery land located between the factories, houses and plantation. The visible condition of the archaelogical objects consists of a stone structure which is in west side of the temple building. The discovery of the remains of the temple in Rancaekek must be addressed as a chalenges phenomenon. In west java that there only has a few heritage which is seriously handled. An archaelogical excavation has not been implemented systematic and planned so that the conclusion cannot be made scientifically and rationally. In addition to archaelogicy, to reveal the history it is necessary using other sciences such as palaentology, anthropology, geocronology. One method used to determined the geological and archaelogical events, especially those the occur on period of geological quarter is radiocarbon method.

Penerapan Metode Weighted Product Untuk Pemilihan Lokasi Lahan Baru Pemakaman Muslim Dengan Visualisasi Google Maps

Abstract—Difficulty to find space for graveyard for Muslim causes the old cemetery getting crowded. The determination of the land suitability is very crucial for involved decision makers in this case the Regional Government. If not done properly and presicely, an error in land allocation will often cause various problems. Decision Support System can be used to help people to make decisions. Weighted Product Method is a very effective method because the required time for the calculation is much shorter. The purpose of this research is to make the electoral system of prospective new cemetery land for Muslim in Samarinda. It is hoped the system can help the Department of Hygiene and gardening of Samarinda in the process of determining the location of a new cemetery land in Samarinda. Has produced a new system of cemetry land site selection for Muslims using the Weighted Product is supported with visualization google maps. Google maps with visualization make it easier for users to find out information on the location of prospective new cemetery land.

The Chinese Cemeteries in the Philippines: Immobile Spaces?

The second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries were characterized by high-speed urban development that resulted in the encircling of the old Chinese cemeteries by new settlements. In many cities, especially in Manila, Jakarta and Surabaya, incoming migrants squatted on cemetery land. Some municipal authorities issued new regulations intended to close old Chinese burial sites and eventually to demolish them. It is in the context of this grave burial crisis that the private sector came in. The first private-led initiative into the memorial park business appeared in 1964 when the multinational Castle and Cooke taking advantage of American models, founded Manila Memorial Park which opened the era of a new concept of deathscape in Insular Southeast Asia. This new concept of memorial park located at the periphery of cities was introduced in Malaysia in 1990-1991, and in Indonesia in 2002-2003. In both cases, the initiative came from local entrepreneurs. In this article we look at pioneers in the memorialization industry, development of memorial parks as gardens of dreams, new cemeteries as mirrors of cultural identities, legal frameworks, the memorialization industry, and finally marketing strategies.

From Cemeteries to Luxurious Memorial Parks

The second half of the 20th and the beginning of the 21st centuries were characterized by high-speed urban development that resulted in the encircling of the old Chinese cemeteries by new settlements. In many cities, especially in Manila, Jakarta and Surabaya, incoming migrants squatted on cemetery land. Some municipal authorities issued new regulations intended to close old Chinese burial sites and eventually to demolish them. It is in the context of this grave burial crisis that the private sector came in. The first private-led initiative into the memorial park business appeared in 1964 when the multinational Castle and Cooke taking advantage of American models, founded Manila Memorial Park which opened the era of a new concept of deathscape in Insular Southeast Asia. This new concept of memorial park located at the periphery of cities was introduced in Malaysia in 1990-1991, and in Indonesia in 2002-2003. In both cases, the initiative came from local entrepreneurs. In this article we look at pioneers in the memorialization industry, development of memorial parks as gardens of dreams, new cemeteries as mirrors of cultural identities, legal frameworks, the memorialization industry, and finally marketing strategies.