Cement Dough Research Articles

Еffect of synthetic calcium hydrosilicate on the hydration of portland cement

The regularities of the synthesis of calcium hydrosilicates of tobermorite composition in the system “amorphous silica – calcium hydroxide – water” were investigated. The effect of calcium hydrosilicates additive on the hydration processes of Portland cement and the nature of changes in the strength of cement stone at different stages of its hardening was studied. The methods of determining the heat of hydration of cement dough during hardening and X-ray phase analysis showed that the addition of calcium hydrosilicates at the initial stages of hardening accelerates the physicochemical processes of hydration of clinker minerals.

МОДИФИЦИРОВАНИЕ СВОЙСТВ ГИДРОТЕХНИЧЕСКИХ БЕТОНОВ ДОБАВКАМИ НА ОСНОВЕ ВЫСОКОМОЛЕКУЛЯРНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ

Ensuring high water resistance, frost resistance and corrosion resistance of hydraulic structures is achieved by creating concrete with a dense structure that can absorb aggressive influences. This is possible by modifying the structure of concrete with polymer additives of new generation. The introduction of polymer additives has a plasticizing effect and contributes to the preservation of technological properties of the concrete mixture, modifies the pore structure of concrete and influences the formation of cement stone strength. The paper presents the results of research on the effect of polymer additive based on polyvinylpyrrolidone on the basic properties of Portland cement binder. It was found that the compressive strength at the age of 2 days increases by 7% at the content of polymer additive in the amount of 0.8%. Also, in-troduction of polymer additive increases the compressive strength at the age of 28 days at its content of 0.6 and 0.8% by 22 and 27%, respectively. The effect of polymer modifier on the formation of the initial structure, manifested in the increase in the time of the beginning and accel-eration of the end of setting has been established. The kinetics of heat release of cement dough in the presence of polymeric modifier in the amount of 0.6 % has been studied. The data on the phase composition of cement stone in the presence of polymer modifier are given. It is established by means of electron microscopic analysis that the introduction of polymeric admixture promotes modification of cement stone microstructure with formation of more dense homogeneous structure. The given research results are taken into account in the development of concrete compositions with a set of specified properties required for the construction of hydraulic structures.

Use of synthetic calcium hydrosilicate in Portland cement compositions

We investigated the patterns of the synthesis of calcium hydrosilicate of tobermorite composition in the "amorphous silica–calcium hydroxide–water" system. The gradual interaction of calcium hydroxide and amorphous silicon(IV) oxide leading to the formation of synthetic tobermorite was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. It was determined that the optimal duration of the synthesis of calcium hydrosilicate was 5 days, which, according to electron microscopic studies, ensured the production of grains with a size of 0.4–4 m. The influence of the synthesized tobermorite on the change in strength characteristics of cement stone during setting was studied using cement-sand mortar mixtures with sands of different particle size distribution. A comparative analysis of the effect of storage conditions of the synthesized product on the structure-forming processes of cement stone was carried out. It was established that the modifying effect of synthetic tobermorite was observed when it was dried after synthesis and stored in a dry state. Conversely, prolonged storage of calcium hydrosilicate in a wet state led to a loss of its activity and a decrease in the strength characteristics of cement stone. The mechanism of the influence of calcium hydrosilicate additive was studied by measuring the change in the rate of heat release of cement dough at the initial stage of hydration. It was shown that the addition of dry calcium hydrosilicate accelerated the physicochemical processes of hydration of clinker minerals, while the addition stored in wet conditions slowed down hydration. Electron microscopic studies of cement stone after 28 days of setting confirmed that the introduction of dry calcium hydrosilicate contributed to the formation of a structure characterized by a higher degree of crystallization and an increase in the strength of the samples.

СТРУКТУРООБРАЗОВАНИЕ ЦЕМЕНТНОЙ МАТРИЦЫ С ВОДОРЕДУЦИРУЮЩЕЙ ДОБАВКОЙ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГИДРОТЕРМАЛЬНОГО СИНТЕЗА

The article presents the results of research related to the possibility of increasing the strength of cement stone based on high-base calcium hydrosilicates synthesized during autoclave processing by reducing the water-cement ratio using superplasticizers. Despite the fact that autoclave stone based on high-base calcium hydrosilicates is inferior in strength to low-base ones, but it allows improving weather resistance. This approach is due to the fact that the effect of diluent additives in silicate mixtures increases with basicity increasing, and concrete samples based on a cement matrix containing C2SN(A) in a compacted state exhibit higher strength. The study shows water-cement ratio reducing in cement dough by 20% with the help of superplasticizers increases the compressive strength of autoclave cement stone samples by 30%. At the same time, the strength growth of similar composition samples hardened for 28 days under normal conditions did not exceed 12%. It is noted that the strength of the matrix is determined not only by the shape and size of the crystals of the highly basic hydrate phases C2SN(A) and C2SN(C), but also by the degree of fusion and the number of contacts between them.

Changing the Technological Properties and Strength Characteristics of Highly Mobile Concrete by Introducing a Complex Modifier

The article considers the effect of a complex modifier consisting of a superplasticizer and cement crystallohydrates on the properties of cement dough, a highly mobile concrete mixture and heavy concrete obtained by hardening the mixture under normal conditions over a different period of time. As an additive of the superplasticizer, Relamix-PK was studied, administered in an amount of 0.6–0.8 wt. % of cement consumption. The authors investigated finely dispersed hydrated cement as additional crystallization centers. With the introduction of this complex modifier, the delamination of a highly mobile concrete mixture decreases (water separation – by 2 times, water separation – by 3.8 times). There is a significant acceleration of hardening in the initial periods of concrete hardening. Thus, in relation to the additive–free composition, the strength of concrete, which hardened for 1 day under normal conditions, increased 3.5 times, 3 days – 2.5 times, 28 days – 2 times. At the same time, it should be noted that when cement crystallohydrates are added, the hardening process is accelerated more in the initial terms of strength gain. The greatest strengthening effect was obtained by adding a complex modifier consisting of 0.8% plasticizer and 2% hydrated cement.

Fine-grained concrete for repair and restoration based on complex modifiers

Nowadays ensuring normal operation of buildings made of monolithic reinforced concrete is of great relevance. Bearing building structures in the process of operation or erection can have defects and damages of various origins. There is a need to develop repair compositions to ensure the durability and reliability of monolithic reinforced concrete buildings. In this paper we have conducted research and developed a repair composition of fine-grained concrete (FGC) on the basis of modification and improvement of its structure. In the composition of complex modifier on the basis of analysis were chosen: microsilica MCU-95 as a highly active pozzolanic mineral admixture; superplasticizer C-3, hydrophobizing component – soapstock. Cements of Novo-Karaganda, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Shymkent cement plants M400 were chosen as binders. In order to study the influence of modifiers on the setting time of cement dough and concrete structure, several concrete compositions were developed. The performance of the developed FGC was improved in terms of basic physical and mechanical parameters. Cement consumption was reduced by 15% (from 450 kg to 382.5 kg). The influence of the main factors and dependence of performance indicators on physical and mechanical properties of cement stone and the studied FGC has been established. Production waste and local construction materials were used to save binder.

THERMAL INSULATION PERLITE CONCRETE GRADES D150 and D200

The article presents the results of research on the development of compositions and the study of the physico-mechanical properties of particularly light perlite concrete. It has been found that the use of foam makes it possible to dramatically increase the volume of cement dough, which makes it possible to mix the solution with brittle, weakly strong grains of expanded perlite sand. As a result of experimental studies, perlite concrete was obtained with an average dry density of 150-200 kg/m3, compressive strength of 0.32-0.43 MPa, thermal conductivity coefficient of 0.048-0.052 W / (m · ° C). The plates are designed for thermal insulation of residential and public buildings. In the conditions of Almaty, with a plate thickness of 10 cm, the required thermal protection of external structures of buildings is provided.

Research of the influence of vibroactivated lime on the hydration of portland cement and its hardening

The influence of vibro-activated lime additive on the hydration processes of Portland cement and the nature of changes in the strength of cement stone at different stages of its hardening were studied. It was established that long-term storage of vibro-activated lime in a wet state does not weaken its properties as a modifying additive. The methods of determining the heat release of cement dough during hardening and X-ray phase analysis show that the addition of vibro- activated lime at the initial stages of hardening accelerates the physicochemical processes of hydration of calcium silicates of clinker minerals.

The effect of three-stage ionization on the structure formation of a concrete mixture during shotcrete

The article deals with the problem of reducing rebound and dust formation, as well as increasing the strength of shotcrete. It is known that with “dry” shotcrete, the rebound is especially significant, since the mixture does not have time to acquire sufficient adhesive properties when mixing different phases. As a result, there is an irreparable loss of a significant part of the applied material. The formation of crystal centers that ensure the strength of concrete also occurs slower than with “wet” shotcrete, since the contact of the binder with water in the nozzle of the shotcrete machine is too short. This leads to a decrease in strength characteristics, slowing down the setting of shotcrete. To solve this problem, a method was developed for applying a concrete mixture to enclosing structures using a previously patented experimental nozzle and electrostatic treatment. This method, for a long time, has been successfully used for painting various surfaces, and its modernization will allow the introduction of electrostatics in shotcrete. A systematic ionization of the binder and then the finished mixture is proposed, as a result of which the shotcrete will be attracted to the shotcrete structure along the power lines. To obtain empirical data and confirm theoretical calculations, laboratory tests were carried out, during which the samples of both the initial shotcrete and those exposed to electrostatics were formed. During the application of the mixture, the magnitude of the rebound was recorded at various distances of the nozzle with the nozzle fixed on it from the shotcrete surface. Samples of the resulting concrete were examined on universal testing machines in order to determine the specific heat release, as well as the compressive and bending strength. The experiments showed that electrostatic treatment allows to speed up the time of the initial setting of the cement dough due to faster hydration of the mixture. An improvement in the strength of shotcrete and a significant reduction in rebound were recorded.

New Thermal Insulation Materials from Waste of Mechanical Processing of Wood

The article describes the conditions for obtaining new thermal insulation materials from the waste of mechanical processing of soft hardwood wood. The recommendations for the production of new resource-saving technologies of gypsum-wood and chip-and-glue composites are justified, which makes it possible to dispose of waste from the processing of soft hardwood wood. It was found that the birch pulp extract, along with cellulose and lignin, contains d-erythrosis, which is easily washed out of the wood with water or a solution of "mineralizer" and gets into the cement dough, which leads to a slowdown in hardening and a decrease in compressive strength. It is shown that the existing technological processes for eliminating the negative influence of saccharides on the strength of wood aggregate composites are complex, requiring multi-stage treatment of the aggregate with various chemicals or long-term exposure. A method based on the use of binders that do not interact with extractable substances, such as gypsum or urea-formaldehyde glue, is proposed. By scanning electron microscopy, it was found that the structure of the gypsum-wood composite varies depending on the sequence of input components. The nature of the effect of microcrystalline cotton cellulose on the change in the physical and mechanical properties of the gypsum-particle composite using cavitation-treated sawdust was revealed and its optimal dosage was determined. The regression dependences of the influence of the consumption of wood chips and glue on the compressive strength of the chip-and-glue composite were obtained by the experimental planning method.

Testing of cement stone modified with an additive based on industrial waste

Nowadays under the conditions of intensively developing construction production, hardening time and strength of Portland cement are becoming more and more relevant research issues of this type of binder. The basic requirements to the cement stated in the normative industry documents are considered. The strength limits of Portland cement of normal and fast-hardening are given. Raw materials for the production of fast-hardening and high-strength cement must be homogeneous and provide a high degree of fineness of the binder to increase its surface area. The production of cement with the addition of microsilica will make it possible to obtain concretes with the given characteristics without additional costs. To describe the methodology of testing cement recommendations of the main regulatory documents operating in Kazakhstan are used. Necessary means and equipment used in the testing laboratory and satisfying the existing standards are listed in a sequential manner. The procedure of preparing standard samples of cement dough is described step by step. The prepared specimens were kept in water at the required temperature regime. Determination of bending and compressive strength was carried out on accredited equipment. Processing of test results of cement samples with and without additives is given. Setting times of cement samples of two compositions were carried out according to the requirements. The dependence of the activity of the cement setting process on its temperature has been determined.

Properties of a Composite Cement Binder Using Fuel Ashes

The paper provides a comparative assessment of using four types of fuel ashes from different types of coal combustion as additives to replace part of the cement in producing a composite binder. The authors assessed the effectiveness of the additives by cement dough properties (water-binder ratio, normal density, initial setting) and the strength of the binder at 1, 3, 7 and 28 days of hardening. The ashes are ranked according to their efficiency in the structure of composite binder in the following sequence: acid ash from Reftinskaya power plant → acid ash from Novotroitskaya power plant → basic ash from Nazarovskaya power plant → acid ash from Troitskaya power plant. The research revealed that the most effective mineral additives were basic ash from the Nazarovskaya power plant and acid ash from the Troitskaya power plant. Their use reduced the amount of cement by 15% and 25% respectively, while reducing the strength by no more than 3%.

Properties of Orthopaedic Cements Biomechanically Little Affected by Exceptional Use of Liquid Antibiotics.

ObjectivesTo specify the concentration of the liquid antibiotics to be added to polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and its impact on the quality of the spacer is the purpose of this study with liquid clindamycin added to different cements.MethodsIn the present study, eight different cement mixtures were prepared and investigated. In the following, number 1 indicates the references, 2 all cements after liquid clindamycin was added to the liquid cement compound, 3 all cements after liquid clindamycin was added to the cement powder, and 4 all cements after liquid clindamycin was added to the cement dough. After curing, cements were filled into metal moulds and a pressure of 3 bar was maintained for 30 min. Mechanical investigations were carried out according to ISO 5833 (2002) and DIN 53435 (2007). For microbiological tests, standardized cylindrical mouldings (diameter: 25 mm, height: 10 mm) were produced and incubated in 10 ml buffer solution at room temperature for 24 h. All eluates were generated by spreading previously established suspensions of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Cutibacterium acnes and methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with a 0.5 McFarland turbidity standard.ResultsApparently, we found that in all investigated cases, the admixture of liquid antibiotic negatively affected the mechanical characteristics of the cement mould. Among the various test groups, the influence on the ISO compression strength and ISO flexural modulus of the investigated test groups was only minimal when liquid clindamycin was added to cement liquid. Compared to admixing of liquid clindamycin into cement powder or dough ISO compression strength and ISO flexural modulus and flexural strength showed the maximum reduction. The efficacy against chosen germs was reduced as well when liquid antibiotic was admixed instead of powder. This admixture of liquid anti‐infective agents resulted in a 234% enhanced elution after 10 days 29 a negative effect on the inhibition zones were detected during the previous period.ConclusionThe admixture of powdery antibiotic is preferable to liquid antibiotics. If no powdery antibiotic is available, we can recommend the admixture of liquid antibiotic to liquid cement prior to dough production in case powdery antibiotics cannot be used. However, we discourage the admixture of liquid antibiotic to cement powder or cement dough during early low viscose phase.

Study of the Hydration Kinetics of Cement Paste by Measuring Electrical Conductivity

The hardening cement paste is a highly concentrated polyelectrolyte that changes over time. From this point of view, the main electrochemical characteristics of the hydration process of cement paste can be the electrical conductivity and electrode potentials of metals lowered into cement pastes. In the process of setting and hardening of cement dough, complex physical and chemical processes of interaction of clinker minerals with water occur. In this case, new chemical compounds are formed, the concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+, A13+, Si4+, Na+, H+, OH− ions in the liquid phase changes, and the amount of free water decreases. Therefore, the electrical conductivity of the cement paste will change during the hydration of Portland cement minerals. The kinetics of hydration of cement paste is studied by measuring the electrical conductivity depending on the water-cement ratio and in the presence of additives SP C-3 and PDO-M. The parameter of electrical resistance of cement paste was studied using a digital voltmeter of type B7-27A/1. In experimental studies, we used additive-free sulphate-resistant Portland cement with an activity of 41.0 MPa with a normal density of 0.24 and pure clinker minerals – C3S и β-C2S. After preparation, the cement paste was placed in the assembled cell and compacted by vibration. Graphs of changes in the complex electrical resistance of cement pastes are obtained, which show that the curves have an oscillatory character. It was found that with an increase in the water-cement ratio, the vibrational nature of the interaction of water with Portland cement minerals weakens. When the water-cement ratio is equal to 0.42, there are no fluctuations in electrical conductivity. This can be explained by the fact that when the amount of water in the cement paste increases, the influence of cations on the degree of its ordering decreases. Curves of changes in the electrical conductivity of cement pastes obtained at W/C=0.26, without additives, as well as in the presence of SP C-3 and PDO-M additives. It can be seen that in the presence of SP C-3, fluctuations in electrical conductivity are weakly expressed. It can be assumed that SP C-3 has a disordering effect on the water in the cement paste. The addition of PDO-M, on the contrary, orders the structure of water, there are fluctuations in electrical conductivity. It is shown that in the CaO–SiO2–H2O system, a state of instability develops at certain ratios of the rate constants of individual stages of the hydration process. SP C-3, adsorbed on the adsorption centers of polysilicon acid, slows down some processes, which accelerates others, and the difference between the speed constants of individual stages increases.

КОМПОЗИЦИОННЫЕ ВЯЖУЩИЕ НА ОСНОВЕ БЕТОННОГО ЛОМА

The object of research is composite binders obtained from concrete scrap of destroyed buildings and structures for the production of various construction products and structures. Fractions of concrete scrap of 0,0–0,16 mm and 0,16–0,315 mm are used, since x-rayphase analysis of various fractions of concrete scrap shows that these fractions have the highest content of non-hydrated particles of alite and belite. The influence of the specific surface area on the normal density of cement dough and the setting time of binders is established. Comparative physical and mechanical indicators of hardening of binders with different specific surfaces indicate that the most stable results with a uniform increase in strength is the composition of a binder with a specific surface of 964 m2 / kg, with an increase in strength from 2 to 7 days – 27 % and from 7 to 28 days – 21 %. This binder is characterized by optimal strength at the age of 28 days – 25,5 MPa. With a specific surface of 964 m2/kg, the best conditions are created for the formation of the primary frame and its further fouling with various calcium crystalline hydrates, which ensure optimal density and strength. This composite binder has a specific surface area of 964 m2/kg and is more energyefficient. Composite binders obtained in a vibration mill from concrete scrap fractions (0,0–0,16 and 0,16–0,315 mm) meet the requirements of normative documentation on setting time and physico-mechanical parameters, which allows to recommend them for use as binders in the production of construction products and structures for various purposes.

Non-Autoclaved Aerated Concrete Porosity and Factors Affecting it

The total volume of cellular porosity, which comprises pores, interpore partitions, and air-entrained pores, depends on the spatial packing of pores, size distribution, maximum and average size, their shape, and the thickness of interpore partitions. Interpore partitions contain gel and capillary pores, which have a significant impact on the total porosity, thus affecting the operating properties of aerated concrete. This paper presents the calculations of gel, capillary, air, and total porosity in non-autoclaved aerated concrete of average-density grades D100...D1200 for different cement hydration degrees (0.6; 0.8, and 1) and water-cement ratios (0.5; 0.6, and 0.7); calculations use the author-developed methodology. Cement consumption depends on the average-density grade as well as on cement hydration degree. Reducing the latter from 1 to 0.6 in D500 concrete raises cement consumption by 7.4 %; other grades have similar patterns. This is why aerated concrete should be conditioned to maximize the utilization of the binder by enabling its complete hydration. The amount of water in the mixture is what determines the cement consumption and the water-cement ratio, whereby the density of cement dough will not depend on the average-density grade provided that the hydration degree and the WC ratio are constant. The finding is that the ability of cement to form its own pore structure is crucial to D500 and D400 aerated concrete if the mixture has high initial water content.

ПОВЫШЕНИЕ КОРРОЗИОННОЙ СТОЙКОСТИ ЦЕМЕНТНЫХ КОМПОЗИТОВ АКТИВНЫМИ ДОБАВКАМИ

The object of the study is cement composites with active mineral additives. Additives promoting corrosion resistance of composites are considered. Some are active to cement dough, others - to aggressive environments. Additives active to aggressive media can crop out to the surface of composites and react with penetrating media. The results of the research revealed possible mechanisms of physical and chemical interaction of additives with aggressive media. The samples were cured by steaming and under normal conditions. Examples of results of acid resistance study of cement composites with additives are given. The acid resistance of cement stone with the product of cement decay in sulfuric acid was compared with the results obtained in the test of cement stone with 10% marshalite content. And the index of resistance of fine-grained concrete with aggressive additives, with barium chloride and stroncium, was compared with the results of testing concrete without additive and containing diatomite. According to the studies carried out cement stone with marshall has higher initial strength. However, cement stone with the addition of corrosion product has higher strength and resistance after exposure in aggressive media. It has been shown that the corrosion resistance of the steamed cement stone in 2% sulfuric acid solution, both with and without additive, is significantly higher than that of the normal hardening stone.

Technology and Physico-Mechanical Properties of Claydite Foam Concrete for Monolithic and Prefabricated Construction

Theoretical and experimental investigations have resulted in obtaining an effective insulating and structural material (claydite foam concrete) that is not subjected to slump and shrinkage in the range of main grades used in construction in terms of average density D300–D700, characterized by 5–31 % greater strength and 8–27 % elasticity modulus, as well as a higher (£30.7 %) level of vapor permeability and moisture return (by 17.4–46.7 %) with lower values (by 10.0–83.2 %) of water absorption, sorption moisture and thermal conductivity in comparison with aerated concrete of autoclave hardening and foam concrete of equal density. A three-stage technology has been developed for preparing claydite foam concrete. At the first stage cement dough is prepared and if it is necessary an optimum amount of hardening accelerator (1 % CaCl2 from cement mass) and additives condensing cement stone structure (1 % Al2SO4 from cement mass ) are introduced into it, they prevent slump of a binder (foam concrete) during the subsequent hardening, and in combination with 0.5 % from cement mass “Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose УСК-200 TT” – and shrinkage of foam and claydite foam concrete during the subsequent drying. At the second stage, the binder is aerated while introducing protein-based foam agent (Laston) into the cement dough in an optimal amount (depending on the given density) 0.5–1.3 % from the cement mass; and at the third stage, expanded clay gravel is introduced into prepared foam concrete mixture (in rational amount of approximately 0.7–0.8 m3 per 1 m3 of claydite foam concrete) with continuous mixing for 60–90 seconds. Methodologies for calculation of foamand claydite foam concrete compositions have been developed; molding modes of expanded clay foam concrete with high degree of homogeneity (variation coefficient of density and strength uk £ 6.2 % in the process of manufacturing molding with layer height up to 1500 mm) have been justified that confirms efficiency of the proposed technology.

Regulation of the influence of the structure of inorganic binders on their properties

The object of research is the interaction of the cement paste with siliceous aggregates and fillers that contain iron ions. Under normal conditions of hardening, mainly calcium hydrosilicates, CSH(B), CS 2 H and hydrogarnets are formed in the contact zone. One of the most problematic areas is the interaction of the hardening cement test from aluminosilicate and the iron silicate filler. At the same time, an increased amount of hydrosilicates of different degree of basicity, hydroaluminates, hydrogarnets with a different ratio of SiO 2 , Fe 2 O 3 , H 2 O appears in the contact zone. In the course of the study, a contact layer was studied, resulting from the interaction of the hardening cement dough with the surface of aggregates of the mixture, represented by an adhesive. This substance provides, in varying degrees, the adhesion of the aggregate to the overall monolith. Cement contributes to the restoration and extension of conventional hydration processes. This is due to the fact that the proposed method is an active way to strengthen the microdispersed material by introducing additional substances into the inorganic binders into the contact zone or into the cement paste. Thanks to this, it is possible to increase adhesion due to water accumulation, blockage of pores and cracks, increase in wettability and solubility of cement minerals, the emergence of new complex crystalline formations, and the like. Microfillers contribute to reducing deformation shrinkage and swelling, characteristic of hardening the highly dispersed clinker part of cement. They can also increase the resistance of the cement stone to the action of aggressive factors, reducing the consumption of cement and the cost of concrete. Thus, by various methods, the structure of the resulting substances based on inorganic binders can be regulated, influencing their properties in the desired directions.

PECULIAR PROPERTIES OF STRUCTURAL FORMATION OF CEMENT COMPOSITES IN THE PRESENCE OF FUELEROID TYPE CARBON NANOPARTICLES

The paper deals with the application of fulleroid carbon nanoparticles (FCN) for the cement com-posites modification. In particular, the thermokinetic analysis was performed to assess the change in the rate and completeness of the cement hydration when the nanomodifier was introduced into it. The study of exothermic heterogeneous interactions and thermal effects in the binder - water - nanomodifier system allows one to estimate the hydration rate and depth and to assess the degree of nanomodifier’s influence. The conducted studies revealed the increase in the hydration temperature when carbon nanoparticles are introduced into the cement dough, while the induction period is prolonged, that indicates a more complete course of the reactions. It is confirmed by the results of qualitative X-ray structural analysis. The dynamics of decrease in calcium silicate peaks characterizes the completeness of hydration and binding of portlandite, that explains the increase in the modified cement stone strength. Microstructural analysis allows to detect the structure characteristic of control samples with a large number of large chaotically located crystals, the bulk of which is formed on the first day of solidification. Under the same conditions, the modification of the cement stone contributes to the creation of the more dense spatial structure consisting of small crystalline hydrate formations. All that process positively influences the formation of the rigid matrix with a smaller number of pores, which determines the in-crease in strength and durability of cement stone and concrete on its basis.