Species Of Celosia Research Articles

Sarwālī (Celosia cristata): Medicinal Importance in Perspective of Unani Medicine and Pharmacological Studies

Celosia cristata, commonly known as 'cockscomb,' is an annual erect herb belonging to the Amaranthaceae family. Locally referred to as 'Mawal,' it is cultivated in Kashmiri gardens for ornamental purposes and can be found growing naturally in the plains and up to an altitude of 5,000 ft. in the Himalayas. In traditional Unani Medicine, the seeds and inflorescence of Celosia cristata are utilized for treating various health conditions, including sexual weakness, leucorrhoea, haemorrhoids, haematuria, diarrhea, urinary tract infections, wounds, diabetes, and dysuria. Celosia species, including Celosia cristata, contains a diverse array of phytoconstituents such as phytosterols, saponin, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and steroids. Numerous pharmacological studies have been conducted on this plant, revealing its hemostatic, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anti-nociceptive, antiviral, and antimicrobial properties. This paper aims to shed light on the therapeutic applications of Celosia cristata based on both traditional Unani literature and scientific studies conducted on different parts of the plant.

Spectroscopic Analysis of Lagos spinach- seed (Celosia argentea Linn.)

Background: Celosia argentea Linn. (C. argentea) commonly known as Cock’s Comb. It’s a leading leafy vegetable used for treatment of antiinflammatory, antioxidant and possessing immunostimulating activities. This species contains a surplus of phytochemicals including terpenoids, glycosides, flavonoids and tannins. The full complement of bioactive chemicals has yet to be identified, which is a critical step in explaining its medical use. The Celosia genus contains around 30 species, the majority of which have had little phytochemical or pharmacological research done on them. The aim of this study is to get a better chemosemantics of Celosia species, large-scale multi-targeted metabolic profiling and fingerprinting approaches was used. Methods: FTIR, GC-MS and LC-MS spectra of extracted components were analyzed with multivariate data from C. argentea. The crude extract was examined at different wavelengths from 4000 cm-1 and 400 cm-1 by using Shimadzu 8400 Spectrophotometry system and the distinctive peaks were detected. For GC-MS analysis, sample was extracted with methanol (as per API procedure), filtered in ashless filter paper and extract was concentrated. The NIST Ver. 2.0 - Year 2005 library was used for chemical detection. Results: The FTIR profile showed different peaks ranging from 4000 cm-1 and 400 cm-1 and spectrum with confirmed presence of alcohols and phenols, amines, alkanes, alkynes aldehydes and ketones, carboxylic acids functional groups in methanol extract of C. argentea. Analysis of the mass spectrum GC-MS analysis provides different peaks determining presence of Pentadeconic acid, n-Hexadecoic acid, 9-12-Octadecadienoic acid, Cis-vaccenic acid, Octadecanoic acid. The results of LC-MS analysis provide specific data of bioactive components which may suggest the Butralin, Fulvine, Dihydrocapsaicin, Lisinopril, 9Z-Octadecen-12-yonic acid, N-Hexadecanoylpyrrodine etc. The phytoconstituents may use to treat diseases and further insight in future researches on Celosia argentea. Conclusion: The molecules reported through above exploration of spectral techniques may justify traditional therapeutic manifestation of C. argentea and useful in activity guided isolation.

PHYTOCHEMICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL OVERVIEW ON CELOSIA CRISTATA LINN

Medicinal plants have been used basically in all cultures as a source of medicine. Medicinal plants play an important role in public health, especially in developed and developing countries, and leads to examination for therapeutic and pharmacological applications. Medicinal Plants have been used for thousands of years to flavor and conserve food, to treat different health issues, and to prevent diseases including epidemics. Active compounds produced during secondary metabolism usually possess the biological properties of plant species used throughout the globe for various purposes, including the treatment of infectious diseases. Based on the medicinal values, the Celosia cristata has been chosen for this review. Celosia cristata is a variety of species Celosia argentea (Celosia argentea var. cristata) plays an important role in traditional medicine to cure several disorders such as fever, diarrhea, mouth sores, itching, wounds, jaundice, gonorrhea, and inflammation. A variety of phytoconstituents are isolated from the Celosia species which includes triterpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, phytosterols, and phlorotannins. The plant has potential pharmacological values screened for its various pharmacological activities, namely, anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, wound healing, antidiabetic, antinociceptive effect, and antibacterial activities which are reported in the extracts of different parts of the plant. The objective of this study was to provide an overview of the ecology, phytoconstituents, pharmacology of Celosia cristata and to confess their therapeutic potentials, and secure an evidence base for further research works on Celosia cristata.

Potential of Celosia species in alleviating micronutrient deficiencies and prevention of diet-related chronic diseases: a review

Dietary deficiencies have become significant in public health challenge globally. This is attributed in part to the pitiable quality of customary diets and the absence of variety in meals. Nutrition and health are closely related, and micronutrient deficiencies are one of the major culprits responsible for the positive correlation between diet and various diseases. Green leafy vegetables are important sources of micronutrients in most African rural communities where they have been used as an accompaniment for staple cereals and root-based diets for many years. Green leafy vegetables from Celosia species are good examples that could contribute to the prevention and management of micronutrient deficiencies and also provide food security. The main objective of this review is to highlight and bring to fore, the suitability of Celosia vegetables in preventing malnutrition and chronic diseases. Various electronic search databases including PubMed, ISI, Web of Science and CNKI were used to review existing literatures. Findings showed that Celosia species are good sources of nutrients that could prevent dietary deficiencies and chronic diseases. Also, the possible use of Celosia spp. in the development of functional foods has the potential to reduce malnutrition and foster complementary plans for the prevention and management of diseases. Therefore, further studies on formulations of food products using vegetables from Celosia species could contribute to the prevention and management of micronutrient deficiencies, chronic diseases and also provide food security.

Envelhecimento acelerado de sementes de Celosia argentea e Celosia cristata

Celosia argentea L. and Celosia cristata L. are plants that are differentiated by the intensity and color of their flowering, and can be used as garden or cut-flower, with characteristic propagation by seeds produced in large quantities. The present study aimed to evaluate the physiological and sanitary quality of Celosia argentea and Celosia cristata seeds subjected to the accelerated aging test. The experiment was carried out in October 2016, using a completely randomized design, in a 2 × 6 factorial scheme (two temperatures: 41 and 45 oC and six periods of heat exposure: 0 (control), 24, 48, 72, 96 and 120 h), with four replicates of 50 seeds, for the two species of cockscomb (C. argentea and C. cristata). The seed lots of the two species of celosia are from the crops in the year 2012 and were stored in a cold chamber (15 oC and 40% RH), with an average moisture content of 11% and a mean germination of 98%. After the accelerated aging test, the physiological and sanitary qualities of the seeds of the two species of celosia were evaluated. We conclude that the accelerated aging proved to be effective for the evaluation of vigor, germination and emergence in the species field, when submitted to temperatures of 41 and 45 oC up to 120 h.

Phytochemical and Phytotherapeutic Properties of Celosia species- A Review

Medicinal plants have been used basically in all cultures as a source of medicine. Medicinal plants play an important role in public health, especially in developed and developing countries and leads to examination for therapeutic and pharmacological applications. Medicinal Plants have been used for thousands of years to flavor and conserve food, to treat different health issues and to prevent diseases including epidemics. Active compounds produced during secondary metabolism are usually posses the biological properties of plant species used throughout the globe for various purposes, including treatment of infectious diseases. Based on the medicinal values, the Celosia species has been chosen for this study. Celosia species plays an important role in traditional medicine to cure several disorders such as fever, diarrohea, mouth sores, itching, wounds, jaundice, gonorrhea, and inflammation. A variety of phytoconstituents are isolated from the Celosia species which includes triterpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, phenols, tannins, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, steroids, phytosterols, and phlobatannins. The plant having potential pharmacological values screened for its various pharmacological activities, namely, anti-inflammatory, immune-stimulating, anticancer, hepatoprotective, antioxidant, wound healing, antidiabetic, antinociceptive effect and antibacterial activities which are reported in the extracts of different parts of the plant. The objective of this study was to provide an overview of the ecology, phytoconstituents, pharmacology of Celosia species and to confess their therapeutic potentials and secure an evidence base for further research works on Celosia.

Comparative Study on the Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Properties and HPLC Fingerprinting of Three Varieties ofCelosiaSpecies

In this study, the phenolic content, characterization and antioxidant properties of aqueous extracts of three varieties of Celosia species were assessed. Celosia laxa had significantly (P < 0.05) higher total phenol and flavonoid contents than Celosia argentea (red variant) and Celosia argentea (green variant). Gallic acid, caffeic acid, quercetin and rutin were found in the three species of Celosia investigated. Rosmarinic acid and phenol glycoside were the two major compounds identified by high-performance liquid chromatography–diode-array detector in C. laxa, rutin and epigallocatechin were the prominent phenolics present in C. argentea (green variant) while C. argentea (red variant) had epigallocatechin as the most abundant phenolic compound. The extracts showed strong antioxidant actions as revealed by their 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical, 2,2′-azinobis-3-ethylbenzo-thiazoline-6-sulfonate, nitric oxide radical-scavenging abilities and reducing power. These findings indicate that the aqueous extracts from Celosia species are potential sources of natural antioxidants. Practical Application Celosia laxa and Celosia argentea (green and red variants) are green leafy vegetables commonly consumed as food and serve as important ingredients in traditional medicine in Africa and Asia. The assessment of the antioxidant properties, phenolic content and composition of the three Celosia species may give insight into their applications in functional foods and nutraceuticals development.

Yield and Quality of Field-grown Celosia and Globe Amaranth Cut Flowers at Four Plant Densities

Field-grown cut and dried flowers could provide a high-value crop selection for New Mexico. We conducted a 1-year field study to evaluate flower yield and quality characteristics of common globe amaranth (Gomphrena globosa), ‘Strawberry Fields’ globe amaranth (Gomphrena haageana), cockscomb celosia (Celosia argentea var. cristata ‘Chief Mix’), and wheat celosia (Celosia spicata ‘Pink Candle’). Within-row spacing of 15 or 20 cm combined with two-row or three-row per bed plantings resulted in field planting densities ranging from 66,670 to 120,010 plants/ha of common globe amaranth and ‘Strawberry Fields’ globe amaranth, and 100,005 to 200,010 plants/ha of cockscomb and wheat celosia. All but cockscomb celosia produced four harvests that began 22 May and ended 18 Oct., depending on species. Both globe amaranth species had a 5- to 6-month harvest season, two to three midseason to late-season peak harvests, and over 1000 harvested stems totaling 1.4 to 1.8 kg dry weight per 1.5-m2 plot across the season. Both celosia species had a 4.5-month harvest season, one early summer peak harvest, and fewer than 300 harvested stems totaling 0.6 to 0.7 kg dry weight per plot for the year. Seasonally progressive increases in flowering stem length of both globe amaranth species and wheat celosia, and in flowering stem diameter of both globe amaranth species and cockscomb celosia, were observed. Flowering head size of both globe amaranth species and of wheat celosia varied little with harvest season, whereas the head diameter of cockscomb celosia increased with the season. Postharvest flower retention after mechanical impact was about 2% higher for common globe amaranth than it was for ‘Strawberry Fields’ globe amaranth, decreased by about 6% from early to later harvests for both celosia species, and was inversely related to the head size of both globe amaranth species and cockscomb celosia. Despite the wide range in planting density, the density effect was largely limited to cockscomb celosia. For that species, three-row planting (high density) increased the total number of spray flower (multiple head) stems, provided longer stems later into the season and wider heads midway into the season, and prolonged the production of spray stems (15-cm spacing only). Results demonstrate that these four species are excellent candidates as new specialty crops in semiarid conditions.

HPLC Characterization of Betalains from Plants in the Amaranthaceae

HPLC characterization of reversed-phase (RP) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been widely used in separation and identification of plant pigments. An effective RP-HPLC-based method is established to systematically isolate, identify, and quantitate the betalain pigments in the plants of 37 species of eight genera in the Amaranthaceae. A total of 16 betacyanins and three betaxanthins are characterized mainly using the RP-HPLC method and also with the aid of mass spectroscopy. The identified betacyanins include eight amaranthine-types, six gomphrenin-types, and two betanin-types. They are also divided into six simple (nonacylated) betacyanins and 10 acylated betacyanins. Acylated betacyanins are identified as betanidin 5-O-beta-glucuronosylglucoside or betanidin 6-O-beta-glucoside acylated with ferulic, p-coumaric, or 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric acids. Three betaxanthins were separated from Celosia species in the Amaranthaceae and identified to be immonium conjugates of betalamic acid with dopamine, 3-methoxytyramine, and (S)-tryptophan; the latter two are found to be new betaxanthins from plants.

Phytoplasmas as Causal Agents of Celosia Disease in Israel

Recently, yellows diseases have become more common in Israel, and phytoplasmas have been detected in some of these diseased crops. Commercial fields of two celosia species (Celosia plumosa L. and C. cristata L.) also have exhibited yellows symptoms and total crop failure. Typical mycoplasma-like bodies were observed in infected but not in healthy plants. The same plants were analyzed for the presence of phytoplasma by polymerase chain reaction (PCR), using the universal oligonucleotide pair r16SF2/r16SR2, followed by nested PCR using group-specific primers. Restriction analyses performed with these products indicated that two different types of phytoplasmas are infecting celosia. PCR-RFLP analysis of one type revealed a restriction pattern typical of aster yellows. Similar analysis of the second type indicated possible relatedness, though not identity, to the pattern of phytoplasmas of the Western-X group. This is, to our knowledge, the first report of phytoplasma infection in celosia.

048 Collection and Evaluation of Four Varieties of Celosia trigna

Celosia trigyna has become an underutilized species of Celosia in Nigeria, it is known to be medicinal and very nutritive. It is therefore intended that with their collection and evaluation, they could be domesticated. So far four varieties have been identified and described. All of them have a high tendency of shattering of the seeds from the inflorescence. The plant structure for all of them is prostrate, the varieties described are: NHcta01, NHcta03, NHcta4, and NHcta7. It was dicovered that compared with C. argentea, they branch profusely and the leaves are smaller and ovate rather than lancolate.

Seed protein electrophoresis of wild and cultivated species of Celosia (Amaranthaceae)

Total seed storage proteins of five species of Celosia (14 taxa) have been compared by sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Relative similarities between the taxa were estimated by Jaccard's similarity index and cluster analysis was performed to produce a UPGMA dendrogram which divides 14 taxa into two groups while C. trigyna holds an isolated position. One group includes 4x C. cristata and C. plumosa, wild 8x C. argentea and 12x C. whitei and the other separates four accessions of 4x C. argentea. This raises a doubt regarding 4x types of C. argentea being the direct progenitors of the cultivated types.

Composition and variation in vitamin C, carotenoids, protein, nitrate and oxalate contents in Celosia leaves.

Twenty two lines/accessions belonging to 5 species of Celosia were analysed for their nutritional and antinutritional composition. The nutrient contents, vitamin C varied from 18.8 to 53.6 mg/100 g, carotenoids 9.1 to 15.1 mg/100g, protein 2.1 to 5.9%, while the antinutritional factors, nitrate 0.18 to 0.46% and oxalate 0.98 to 3.93%. Moisture ranged 81 to 89%. Variation of these parameters with leaf position and the amino acids profile of some promising lines was also evaluated.

Foliar epidermis and petiole anatomy of four species ofCelosia L. in Nigeria

Foliar epidermis and petiole anatomy of four species ofCelosia L. in Nigeria

Foliar epidermis and petiole anatomy of four species of Celosia L. in Nigeria

AbstractThe foliar anatomy of four Celosia species occurring in southwestern Nigeria is described. The distinguishing characteristics of taxonomic value include the petiole shapes in distal, median and proximal regions, arrangement of vascular supply to the petioles, presence or absence of protuberances on the polar ends of the stomata and size as well as the arrangement of crystals in the leaf blade. The use of anatomy in distinguishing two closely related species C. argentea and C, cristata is discussed.

Nuclear DNA content inCelosia (Amaranthaceae)

Nuclear DNA amount of five species ofCelosia ranging from 2x to 12x varies from 3.26 (2x) to 9.70pg (12x). The diploidC. trigyna has twice as much DNA/basic genome as other taxa, which is commensurate with its taxonomic position and genetic isolation. There is insignificant variation in DNA/basic genome among 4x, 8x, and 12x taxa. Therefore, DNA/nucleus shows a strong positive correlation with ploidy level. The different accessions of 4x taxa show constancy of DNA amounts. There is no correlation of seed weight with DNA amount.

SPECIATION AND BASIC CHROMOSOME NUMBER IN THE GENUS CELOSIA

A new allopolyploid species of Celosia, namely, C. whiteii, collected in Malaya and originating from a natural cross between C. argentea L. (2n = 72) and C. cristata L. (2n = 36), has been described and the somatic chromosome number determined as 2n = 108. A somatic chromosome number of 2n = 18 has been determined for another species of Celosia, namely, C. trigyna L. The basic chromosome number for the genus has been determined as nine. Of the four species of Celosia so far studied cytologically, each represents a different level of ploidy, from diploid (2x) to dodecaploid (12x).