Concept Of Cellular Automata Research Articles

Opinion formation model with strong leader and external impact: a mean field approach

We study a model of opinion formation based on the theory of social impact and the concept of cellular automata. The case is considered when two strong agents influence the group: a strong leader and an external social impact acting uniformly on every individual. There are two basic stationary states of the system: cluster of the leader's adherents and unification of opinions. In the deterministic limit the variation of parameters like the leader's strength or external impact can change the size of the cluster or, when they reach some critical values, make the system jump to another phase. For a certain range of parameters multistability and hysteresis phenomena are observed. In the presence of noise (social temperature) the rapid changes can be regarded as the first-order phase transitions. When both agents are in a kind of balance, a second-order transition and critical behaviour can be observed. Another kind of noise-induced transitions are the inverses (flips) of the unified group opinion due to random flips of the leader's opinion. Analytical results obtained within a mean field approximation are well reproduced in computer simulations.

Structural Optimization Based On CA

This paper presents the structural optimization method based on the concept of cellular automata (CA). An initial design domain is divided into small square cells, and then the cell thickness is taken as the design variable for the optimization. The stress analysis of the structure is performed by the local rule with stress distribution. In this paper, the local rule is derived from vanishing the first variation of the objective function. The present scheme is applied to the two-dimensional elastic problem.

Simulation of arbitrary deformations of polycrystals by the method of cellular atomata

A computer model for the deformation of polycrystals is developed, based on the concept of cellular automata. The model is used to investigate a polycrystal by treating it as a multilevel hierarchical system, and to study the peculiarities in the behavior of this system as a function of the material structure, mechanisms of low-level deformation, history of loading and/or deformation at the top hierarchical level, the temperature, and other parameters.

Socio-economic typologies of bureaucratic corruption and implications

Corruption all over the world is an ancient, but it seems very topical too, concern in politics and in the media. This paper investigates spatial and dynamic aspects of corruption using cellular automata. Although cellular automata are very simple, deterministic machines and thus crude approximations of real, economic situations, they are capable of describing self organization and complex patterns (of corruption). It is shown that neither social pressure nor pure economic incentives allow for complex patterns, although social pressure may lead to clusters of corrupt and uncorrupt segments within a bureaucracy. However, blending both above characteristics is capable explaining complex behavior. Extending the concept of cellular automata through mixing rules – across space (= bureaucrats) and time (accounting for global effects) – does not affect the fundamental properties.

A DTCNN universal machine based on highly parallel 2-D cellular automata CAM/sup 2/

The discrete-time cellular neural network (DTCNN) is a promising computer paradigm that fuses artificial neural networks with the concept of cellular automaton (CA) and has many applications to pixel-level image processing. Although some architectures have been proposed for processing DTCNN, there are no compact, practical computers that can process real-world images of several hundred thousand pixels at video rates. So, in spite of its great potential, DTCNNs are not being used for image processing outside the laboratory. This paper proposes a DTCNN processing method based on a highly parallel two-dimensional (2-D) cellular automata called CAM/sup 2/. CAM/sup 2/ can attain pixel-order parallelism on a single PC board because it is composed of a content addressable memory (CAM), which makes it possible to embed enormous numbers of processing elements, corresponding to CA cells, onto one VLSI chip. A new mapping method utilizes maskable search and parallel and partial write commands of CAM/sup 2/ to enable high-performance DTCNN processing. Evaluation results show that, on average, CAM/sup 2/ can perform one transition for various DTCNN templates in about 12 microseconds. Also it can perform practical image processing through a combination of DTCNNs and other CA-based algorithms. CAM/sup 2/ is a promising platform for processing DTCNN.

Structural Design Using Cellular Automata. A Consideration on Derivation of Local Rule.

This paper presents the structural design scheme by using the concept of cellular automata. A design domain is divided into small square cells and then, thickness of each cell is taken as the design variable. Considering the cells as the finite elements, the stress analysis is performed by the finite element method. The thickness of the cell is modified by the local rule with the states of the cell and the neighboring cells. The present scheme is applied to the two-dimensional elastic problem in order to confirm the validity.

Designer®—Intelligent expert system for intelligent manufacturing systems design

This survey on expert systems activities and trends in Yugoslavia offers some results already obtained in the domain of manufacturing science and technology. In the scope of a long-term research project “Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS)—Theory and Application” a Designer® Intelligent Expert System for mafacturing engineering has been proposed and partially developed. Designer® IES is based on new developed knowledge automata theory enhanced with cellular automata concept. Induction learning by analogy and Quasimorphism knowledge mapping from real world to model world is used to generate a reasoning structure. The Intelligent Expert System is divided into three main subsystems, with a very large knowledge base: • Product designer • Process Designer, and • Production Planning and Control Designer. All these segments were developed in pilot versions of expert systems for specific groups of activities inside each of these three domains.

A self‐recovering communication buffer based on the concept of cellular automaton

AbstractThis paper presents a self‐recovering buffer memory for communication systems based on the concept of cellular automaton. The model proposed is a FIFO‐type (First‐in, First‐out‐type) memory which meets the conditions for a communication buffer and incorporates the principles of cellular automaton. By binding together a number of cells which can perform basic FIFO operations, it is found that each cell is capable of determining whether or not it is holding the first valid data in a queue based on information about its own status and it s neighboring cell.It also is observed that this model possesses a capacity for self recovery which always enables the buffer to return to a normal state in the event of an internal transient fault. Furthermore, by representing each cell with a sequential circuit, this buffer memory is prototyped with a gate array and its applicability is verified comparing it with existing FIFO design methods.

The Design of a Solid State Trip System for Nuclear Power Plants

In this paper, a new nuclear safety system has been devised that promises a great reduction in the unavailability of conventional systems of compatible arrangement. Four principal design approaches are combined to realize this improvement. The first is the employment of solid state devices throughout the system for achieving not only a much faster system response, but also a better reliability. The second involves the application of sequential redundancy, so that the effective system operation can be maintained by a standby unit in the event of a failure in the principal system. The third approach employs the concept of cellular automata in failure detection and switching functions. Finally, the fourth design approach provides an automatic shift from 2 out of 3 to 2 out of 2, whenever a channel is rejected.

ON A SIMPLE COMBINATORIAL STRUCTURE SUFFICIENT FOR SYBLYING NONTRIVIAL SELF-REPRODUCTION

Abstract An abstract research on self-reproduction from the viewpoint of systems theory is made, investigating the problem of how simple the combinatorial laws of formal systems can be chosen and to still ensure nontrivial self-reproduction. We take as a base the heuristic of the theory of cellular automata in the sense of von Neumann. We operate in a formal, microscopic, submolecular world as our patterns of cells shall represent some kind of artificial molecules. Computation- and construction-universal, self-reproducing systems are regarded as artificial living beings according to the common heuristic. A simple combinatorial system M of only four very simple dynamic laws is introduced and it can be shown that even in a world governed by this system M nontrivial self-reproduction can be established, thus illuminating what simple combinatorial structures allow for the handling of such logical somewhat difficult phenomenas as self-organization, self-reproduction, etc. To receive a model slightly more adapted to nature than the concepts of cellular automata our system M obeys the law of microscopic reversibility, allows concurrent activities, and needs no regulation by a synchronizing device.