Cells In Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats Research Articles

Transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a chronic metabolic disease caused by the destruction of pancreatic β-cells. Human dental pulp stem cells represent a promising source for cell-based therapies, owing to their easy, minimally invasive surgical access, and high proliferative capacity. It was reported that human dental pulp stem cells can differentiate into a pancreatic cell lineage in vitro; however, few studies have investigated their effects on diabetes. Our study aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of intravenous and intrapancreatic transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells in a rat model of streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes. Forty Sprague Dawley male rats were randomly categorized into four groups: control, diabetic (STZ), intravenous treatment group (IV), and intrapancreatic treatment group (IP). Human dental pulp stem cells (1 × 106cells) or vehicle were injected into the pancreas or tail vein 7days after streptozotocin injection. Fasting blood glucose levels were monitored weekly. Glucose tolerance test, rat and human serum insulin and C-peptide, pancreas histology, and caspase-3, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Ki67 expression in pancreatic tissues were assessed 28days post-transplantation. We found that both IV and IP transplantation of human dental pulp stem cells reduced blood glucose and increased levels of rat and human serum insulin and C-peptide. The cells engrafted and survived in the streptozotocin-injured pancreas. Islet-like clusters and scattered human dental pulp stem cells expressing insulin were observed in the pancreas of diabetic rats with some difference in the distribution pattern between the two injection routes. RT-PCR analyses revealed the expression of the human-specific pancreatic β-cell genes neurogenin 3 (NGN3), paired box 4 (PAX4), glucose transporter2 (GLUT2), and insulin in the pancreatic tissues of both the IP and IV groups. In addition, the transplanted cells downregulated the expression of caspase-3 and upregulated the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and Ki67, suggesting that the injected cells exerted pro-angiogenetic and antiapoptotic effects, and promoted endogenous β-cell replication. Our study is the first to show that human dental pulp stem cells can migrate and survive within streptozotocin-injured pancreas, and induce antidiabetic effects through the differentiation and replacement of lost β-cells and paracrine-mediated pancreatic regeneration. Thus, human dental pulp stem cells may have therapeutic potential to treat patients with long term T1DM.

Glycine increases glyoxalase-1 function by promoting nuclear factor erythroid2-related factor2 translocation into the nucleus of kidney cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

Aims/IntroductionWe have previously reported that glycine suppresses the advanced glycation end‐products signaling pathway and mitigates subsequent oxidative stress in the kidneys of diabetic rats. In the present study, we investigated whether this beneficial effect was associated with upregulation of glyoxalase‐1 (Glo1) and activation of the nuclear factor erythroid 2‐related factor 2 (Nrf2).Materials and MethodsBoth healthy rats and streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats were administrated with glycine (1% added to the drinking water) for 12 weeks. The function of Glo1, messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expressions of Nrf2, and markers of oxidative status were measured in the kidneys. The mRNA expressions of other downstream signaling molecules of the Nrf2 pathway were also determined.ResultsThe mRNA and protein expressions, as well as the activity of Glo1, were decreased in the kidneys of diabetic rats, accompanied by diminished glutathione levels. After glycine treatment, these parameters of Glo1 function were markedly increased. Compared with the control group, the levels of Nrf2 mRNA and protein in the total kidney lysis were both markedly elevated in the diabetic group and glycine‐treated group. However, the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 was significantly increased in the glycine‐treated group than in the diabetic group. In addition, the anti‐oxidant capacity and the expressions of other downstream molecules of the Nrf2 signaling pathway were significantly increased after glycine treatment.ConclusionsThe present study shows that glycine might enhance the function of Glo1 and restore anti‐oxidant defense by promoting the nuclear translocation of Nrf2, thus inhibiting advanced glycation end‐products formation and protecting against renal oxidative stress.

Antioxidant Activity of Spirulina platensis and Sea Cucumber Stichopus hermanii in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats


 Uncontrolled blood glucose level of diabetic people can lead to the production of excessive Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) as the trigger of lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant can defend the human body from overreacting to lipid peroxidation. The study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity of Spirulina platensis and sea cucumber Stichopus hermanii based on the number of blood serum and liver malondialdehyde (MDA) levels as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) enzymes’ activity of red blood cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. A group of Sprague Dawley rats (n=3) were the normal group (aquadest 2 mL/day, p.o.) and group of DM, Sp (S. platensis 81 mg/kg body weight; p.o.), Tr (S. hermanii 284 mg/kg body weight; p.o.), (Combination S. platensis 81 mg/kg + S. hermanii 284 mg/kg body weight; p.o.) prior to a single dose of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg body weight; i.p.). The results showed that S. platensis, sea cucumber (S. hermanii), and the mixture could suppress rats’ body weight by 2–7%. The MDA concentration of liver organ of rats prior to STZ administration increased. However, the STZ administration did not significantly increase MDA concentration of blood serum and decreased activity SOD and CAT of red blood cells in the normal group for 14 days. This study concluded that Spirulina platensis demonstrated antioxidant activity indicated by the reduction of MDA level in the liver of diabetic rats induced by STZ (50 mg/kg body weight; i.p.).

Urtica Dioica Distillate Regenerates Pancreatic Beta Cells in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats.

Urtica dioica is known as an anti-hyperglycemic plant. Urtica dioica distillate (UD) is a traditional Iranian drink, locally known as "aragh gazaneh". In spite of its widespread consumption in Iran, according to traditional Iranian medicine, there is no scientific report on the usefulness of UD for diabetic patients. This survey was designed to evaluate its protective effects for the recovery from diabetes by determining the serum insulin, blood glucose, volume of pancreatic islets, and the number and volume of β-cells in diabetic rats. A total of 48 Sprague-Dawley male rats (200-250 g) were randomly distributed into 6 groups (n=8), including non-diabetic plus distilled water (DW), non-diabetic plus UD, diabetic plus DW, diabetic plus UD, diabetic plus insulin, and diabetic plus glibenclamide. DW, UD, and glibenclamide were administered via intragastric gavage and insulin was injected subcutaneously. After four weeks of experiments, blood samples were collected for serum insulin and blood glucose assay. Pancreas was also evaluated using stereological method. The SPSS software was used for statistical analysis. Kruskal-Wallis, repeated measurements, and Mann-Whitney U test were applied for comparisons between the groups. The treatment of diabetic rats with UD reduced the blood glucose dramatically (P<0.001) and increased serum insulin levels significantly (P=0.03) in comparison to the diabetic plus DW rats. Treatment with UD did not affect the mean β-cell volumes in the diabetic rats when compared to the diabetic plus DW rats, but the islet volumes and β-cell numbers were significantly recovered. UD treatment in diabetic rats improves hyperglycemia by partially restoring plasma insulin levels. The data suggest that UD prevents islet atrophy and/or regenerate pancreatic β-cells.

The Effect of Alcoholic Extract of Ginger on Apoptosis and Inflammation of Germ Cells in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Rats

Background: Herbal drugs have been used to treat several diseases from liver and neural disorders to diabetes. Our study was aimed to find out the effects of alcoholic ginger extract on testis/body weight and apoptosis of sperm germ cells of chronic diabetic rat. Methods: In this experimental study, sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: nontreatment normal (group 1), non-treatment diabetic (group 2), ginger treatment diabetic (group 3), insulin treatment diabetic (group 4) and ginger plus insulin treatment diabetic (group 5). Ginger alcohol extract was injected intraperitoneally at the dose of 200 mg/kg for 6 weeks. TUNEL method was employed to evaluate the germ cells apoptosis. Expression of Bax, Bcl-2, CyclinD1, TRPV1, TLR2 and TLR4 was evaluated using Real-Time PCR technique. Results: Results revealed a significant decrease in the apoptosis index in the group 5 with respect to the group 2 (P<0.05). The expression of BAX, BCL2, TRPV1, TLR2 and TLR4 significantly decreased, while CYC D1 was increased in the group 5 in comparison to group 2. Conclusions: These results suggest ginger has a potentially beneficial role in reducing apoptosis and inflammation in testicular germ cells in chronic diabetic adult rats.

Effect of Medicinal Mushrooms on L-arginine/NO System in Red Blood Cells of Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats

Increase of nitric oxide production resulted in the development of oxidative-nitrosative stress that is considered to be an etiological cause of many diseases, including diabetes mellitus (DM). Recently, it was found that red blood cells (RBCs) are able to produce nitric oxide (NO), and due to the ability of hemoglobin to bind to nitric oxide, are the main depot of NO. Medicinal mushrooms are widely used in the correction and treatment of many diseases, including diabetes. Our previous results showed that Agaricus brasiliensis and Ganoderma lucidum have hypoglycemic effects and improve the functional state of RBCs. In this study, the influence of submerged cultivated mycelium powder (SCMP) of the abovementioned mushrooms on the red blood cells L-arginine/NO system of streptozotocin-induced DM rats was investigated. Wistar outbread white rats were used in the study. Streptozotocin was intraperitoneal injected one time at a dose of 50 mg/kg body weight. Mushroom preparations were orally administered at a dose of 1 g/kg/day for 14 days. We showed that administration of medicinal mushrooms SCMP to diabetic animals caused restoration of NO-synthase activity, normalized nitrite content (in case of A. brasiliensis), and led to nitrate growth. Therefore, treatment with mushroom mycelia normalizes the production of nitric oxide to physiological values.

Expression of receptor advanced glycation end products (RAGE) and histological picture of pancreatic -cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats after yellow soybean powder suspension (Glycine max) administration

Diabetes mellitus is a multisystemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to defects in insulin secretion and action, or both. Hyperglycemia is the most important factor in the onset and progress of diabetic complications. Hyperglycemia increases the expression of receptor for advanced glycosylation end products (RAGE) which leads to pancreatic -cells damage. Yellow soybean (Glycine max) is reported to contain isoflavones which have various biological properties including antidiabetes. Dietary soybean can prevent the progression of diabetic complications. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of yellow soybean powder suspension on expression of RAGE and pancreatic -cells damage of diabetic rats. Thirty streptozotocin (STZ)- induced diabetic Sprague Dawley male rats aged 11-12 weeks with body weight 200-250 g were used in this study. The rats were divided into 5 groups with 6 rats in each group. Group 1 was non diabetic rats. Group 2 was diabetic rats without treatment. Group 3-5 were given yellow soybean powder suspension of 400, 800 and 1600 mg/kg BW for four weeks, respectively. At the end of the experiment, pancreases tissues were removed for examination of RAGE expression and pancreatic -cells. The results showed that yellow soybean powder suspension ingestion signifantly decreased blood glucose level of diabetic rats toward normality (p&lt;0.05). Moreover, the percentage of RAGE expression on Group 3 (50.01±2.75%) and Group 2 (53.03±4.02%) were not significantly different (p&gt;0.05). Meanwhile, the percentage of RAGE expression on Group 4 (42.43±4.08%) and Group 5 (40.62±3.42%) were significantly lower than Group 2 (p&lt;0.05). The percentage of pancreatic -cells on Group 2 (10.04±1.56%) was not significantly different compared to Group 3 (8.61±0.81%) (p&gt;0.05), whereas the percentage of pancreatic -cells in Group 4 (16.78±7.79%) and in Group 5 (22.03±11.51%) were significantly higher than Group 2 (p&lt;0.05). In conclusion, yellow soybean powder suspension can decrease RAGE expression and prevent pancreatic -cells damage on STZ-induced diabetic rats. Keywords: pancreatic cells - Langerhans islets - streptozotocine - diabetic rats - soybeans

High Glucose-induced O-GlcNAcylated Carbohydrate Response Element-binding Protein (ChREBP) Mediates Mesangial Cell Lipogenesis and Fibrosis: THE POSSIBLE ROLE IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY

Carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) is a transcription factor responsible for carbohydrate metabolism in the liver. However, the role of ChREBP in diabetic nephropathy has not been elucidated. Thus, we investigated the role of ChREBP in mesangial cells in diabetic nephropathy. Treatment with 25 mM glucose (high glucose; HG) increased cellular O-GlcNAc and O-GlcNAcylated ChREBP in mesangial cells compared with normal 5.5 mM glucose. O-(2-acetamido-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranosylidene) amino N-phenylcarbamate (PUGNAc), a drug that increases O-GlcNAc, augmented the expression of ChREBP targets, whereas DON, a drug that decreases O-GlcNAc and O-GlcNAcase overexpression, mitigated the increase with HG. O-GlcNAc augmented the protein stability, transcriptional activity, and nuclear translocation of ChREBP. HG treatment also stimulated lipid accumulation and the contents of triglyceride and cholesterol in mesangial cells. In addition, HG triggered expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1-α, vascular endothelial growth factor, and extracellular matrix components related to nephrosclerosis. The ChREBP mutant, W130A, did not exhibit HG-induced lipid accumulation and fibrotic proteins, suggesting that the Trp-130 residue in the MCR3 domain is important in the development of glomerulosclerosis. O-GlcNAcylated ChREBP was elevated in mesangium cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. In conclusion, HG increased the O-GlcNAcylated ChREBP level, which resulted in lipid accumulation and up-regulation of fibrotic proteins in mesangial cells. These effects may lead mesangial cells to an ultimately pathological state.

Decreased level of albumin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats.

ABSTRACTWe investigated the phenotypic level of albumin in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. A specific reduction of albumin was identified by 2-dimensional electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. Decreased albumin content was also confirmed by immunoblotting and quantitative real-time PCR. Since albumin is a major and predominant antioxidant in plasma, the PBMC albumin may also contribute to their antioxidant activity. By measuring the amount of H2O2, lipid peroxidation and the redox form of glutathione, it was found that the production of the oxidative stress was elevated in STZ-diabetic rats compared to that of normal control. We suggest, therefore, that decreased albumin content may lead to the decreased antioxidant activity in the PBMC of type 1 diabetic rats.

Comparative investigation of kidney mesangial cells from increased oxidative stress-induced diabetic rats by using different microscopy techniques

High glucose and increased oxidative stress levels are the known important mediators of diabetic nephropathy. However, the effects of these mediators on tissue damage basically due to extracellular matrix expansion in mesangial cells have yet to be fully examined within the context of early stage diabetic nephropathy. In this study, we attempted to characterize changes in mesangial cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats with a comparative investigation of kidney tissue by using different microscopy techniques. The serum levels of urea and creatinine of diabetic rats, as biomarkers of kidney degeneration, decreased significantly compared to those of age-matched controls. In diabetic rats, there are increased malondialdehyde and oxidized-glutathione levels as well as reduced-glutathione and glutathione-peroxidase activity levels in renal tissue compared to those of the controls. By using light and electron microscopies, we showed that there were marked thickening in Bowman's membrane and glomerular capillary wall, increased amount of extracellular matrix often occupying Bowman's space, degenerations in tubules, an increased number of mesangial cells in the network of glomerular capillary walls, and increased amount of lipid accumulation in proximal tubules in the renal tissue of diabetic rats. Our confocal microscopy data confirmed also the presence of irregularity and widened in glomerular capillaries, their attachment to the Bowman's capsule, degenerated heterochromatin, thickening in foci of glomerular basement membrane, and marked increase in mesangial cells. These results suggest that a detailed structural investigation of kidney tissue provides further information on the important role of mesangial cells in pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy.

Stereological study of the effects of orally administrated Otostegia persica extract on pancreatic beta cells in male diabetic rats

Otostegia persica extract was used as a traditional medicine for the management of diabetes mellitus in humans in some parts of Iran. This study investigated the effects of O. persica oral extract on pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats by stereological methods. Thirty-two matured normoglycemic male Sprague–Dawley rats, weighing 180–220 g, were selected and randomly divided into four groups: Control group consists of normal rats which did not receive the extract during the study. Diabetic group comprises diabetic rats but did not receive any extract. Treated control group rats were normal but received the extract at a dose of 500 mg/kg/day. Treated diabetic group (TD) was made up of diabetic rats and received the extract (500 mg/kg/day). Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of 50 mg/kg of streptozotocin. After 1 month, all the rats received deep anesthesia with ether, and then, the pancreas was dissected and processed. Isotropic uniform and random sections were obtained by orientator method. Volume of pancreatic beta cells and also volume density of pancreatic island were studied, using stereologic and ultrastereological methods. Blood glucose level (BGL) and blood insulin level (BIL) were measured in different phases during the investigation. Statistical analysis by one-way analysis of variance test showed the presence of hypertrophic changes in the volume of the remaining beta cells in diabetic group, not in the controls. But such changes reduced significantly (P < 0.05) in the TD group which received the extract. Also, a significant reduction in pancreatic islet volume in diabetic and TD groups was seen, in comparison with the controls (P < 0.01). BGL decreased significantly in TD group, compared to the diabetic group (P < 0.001). BIL decreased in diabetic and TD groups in comparison to the controls (P < 0.05). This study demonstrated that O. persica oral extract can play an effective role in the management of diabetes and probably by controlling the hyperglycemic condition and not stimulating the beta cell to increase insulin secretion can help prevent to a large extent the entering of the remaining beta cells to some pathologic changes, like hypertrophy.

Notice of disputed authorship to: Vitamin C supplementation reconstitutes polyfunctional T cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

European Journal of Nutrition and its editorial staff are deeply committed to publishing integrity and follow the guidelines of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) and therefore are obliged to inform the readership about the continuous authorship dispute pertaining this article. Specifically, Dr. Saleh Alwasel’s name was excluded at the proof correction stage by the corresponding author, Dr. Gamal Badr. Dr. Alwasel contacted the publisher when he found the article published online first without his name on it. The publisher asked the authors to solve this dispute and included the COPE recommendations on settling author disputes for their advice, but unfortunately, an amicable agreement could not be reached until now. The publisher and editorial staff of the European Journal of Nutrition are not in a position to settle this conflict, but feel impelled to inform the readers about the status quo.

Sp1 and VEGF mRNA expression in the retina micrangium endothelial cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

The aim of this study is to evaluate the Sp1 and VEGF mRNA expression in the retina micrangium endothelial cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. At the end of our study, we determined that SP1 positive expression rate and the Sp1, VEGF mRNA and protein expression in the retina micrangium endothelial cells in isolated rat eyes of diabetic rats were significantly increased compared to normal animals. The ERK, Sp1 and VEGF protein expression in the retina micrangium endothelial cells of diabetic rats was significantly decreased in high-surcose (Sp1 specific inhibitor Mithramycin A or ERK specific inhibitor PD98059) culture group in comparison to normal (vechile PBS) culture group. These findings suggest that ERK, Sp1 and VEGF protein expression is an important factor to affect the occurrence and development of vision diseases in diabetic patients. Key words: Sp1, VEGF, PCR, Retina, Immunohistochemistry

Effects of &lt;I&gt;Tongluo&lt;/I&gt; recipe on injury of glomerular visceral epithelial cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Effects of &lt;I&gt;Tongluo&lt;/I&gt; recipe on injury of glomerular visceral epithelial cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Vitamin C supplementation reconstitutes polyfunctional T cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Studies have demonstrated that vitamin C supplementation enhances the immune system, prevents DNA damage, and decreases the risk of a wide range of diseases. Other study reported that leukocyte vitamin C level was low in diabetic individuals compared with nondiabetic controls. To study the effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress, blood lipid profile, and T-cell responsiveness during streptozotocin (STZ)-induced type I diabetes mellitus. Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly split into three groups. The first served as a control group (n = 10) in which rats were injected with the vehicle alone. The second (n = 10) and the third groups (n = 10) were rendered diabetic by intraperitoneal (i.p.) injection of single doses of STZ (60 mg/kg body weight). The third group was supplemented with vitamin C (100 mg/kg body weight) for 2 months. T lymphocytes from the diabetic rats were found to be in a stunned state, with a decreased surface expression of the CD28 costimulatory molecule, low levels of phosphorylated AKT, altered actin polymerization, diminished proliferation and cytokine production, and, eventually, a marked decrease in abundance in the periphery. Vitamin C was found to significantly decrease the elevated levels of blood hydroperoxide, glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in diabetic rats. Furthermore, it was found to restore CD28 expression, AKT phosphorylation, actin polymerization, and polyfunctional T cells (IFN-γ- and IL-2-producing cells that exhibit a high proliferation capacity). Vitamin C treatment restores and reconstitutes polyfunctional, long-lived T cells in diabetic rats.

Pancreatic Islet Beta Cell Protective Effect of Oral Vanadyl Sulphate in Streptozotocin-induced Diabetic Rats, an Ultrastructure Study

We sought to determine the ultrastructure of pancreatic islet beta cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats treated with oral vanadyl sulphate. Diabetes was induced in male Wistar rats by intravenous injection of 40 mg kg(-1) streptozotocin. The same volume of normal saline was injected in sham animals. Animals were divided into treated and control groups. Vanadyl sulphate was added to the drinking water of the treated animals at a concentration of 1 mg mL(-1) up to three months. Two months after vanadyl sulphate withdrawal animals were killed. Ultrastructure of islet beta cells were studied by transmission electron microscope. In diabetic treated rats plasma glucose and fluid intake returned to normal levels within three months while control animals remained diabetic. Well granulated cytoplasm, well developed endoplasmic reticulum, increase in the number of immature granules in the cytoplasm with no clear signs of cell injury were found in the islet beta cells of diabetic treated rats. Lymphocyte filteration, nuclear picnosis, cytoplasmic vacuolization were found frequently in the islet beta cells of untreated diabetic rats. In conclusion as was evident in thin sections of panceatic islet beta cells of treated diabetic rats in this study, vanadyl sulphate through preserving islet beta cells structure and ultrastructure contributes in reversing diabetic signs and symptoms in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.

Antidiabetic effects of chitooligosaccharides with different molecular weights on pancreatic islet cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Antidiabetic effects of chitooligosaccharides with different molecular weights on pancreatic islet cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Effect of coriander seed (Coriandrum sativum L.) ethanol extract on insulin release from pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin‐induced diabetic rats

Coriander (Coriandrum sativum L.) is grown as a spice crop all over the world. The seeds have been used to treat indigestion, diabetes, rheumatism and pain in the joints. In the present study, an ethanol extract of the seeds was investigated for effects on insulin release from the pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Blood samples were drawn from the retro-orbital sinus before and 1.5, 3 and 5 h after administration of the seed extract. Serum glucose levels were determined by the glucose oxidase method. To determine the insulin releasing activity, after extract treatment the animals were anaesthetized by diethyl ether, the pancreas was excised, fixed in 10% formaldehyde and embedded in paraffin for sectioning. Pancreatic sections of 5 microm were processed for examination of insulin-releasing activity using an immunocytochemistry kit. The results showed that administration of the ethanol extract (200 and 250 mg/kg, i.p.) exhibited a significant reduction in serum glucose. Administration of streptozotocin decreased the number of beta cells with insulin secretory activity in comparison with intact rats, but treatment with the coriander seed extract (200 mg/kg) increased significantly the activity of the beta cells in comparison with the diabetic control rats. The extract decreased serum glucose in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats and increased insulin release from the beta cells of the pancreas.

A quantitative study of sodium tungstate protective effect on pancreatic beta cells in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

Diabetes is a major public health problem. Development of new therapies that are able to improve glycemia management, cure diabetes, and can even protect from it, are of great interest. This study investigated the protective effect of sodium tungstate against STZ-induced beta-cell damages by means of stereological methods. Sixty rats were divided into six groups: control (C), tungstate-treated control (TC), STZ-induced diabetic (D), STZ-induced diabetic rats were treated by sodium tungstate from 1 week before STZ injection (TDB), food-restricted diabetic (FRD), and diabetic rats treated with sodium tungstate 1 week after STZ administration (TDA). Stereological estimation of pancreas volume, islets volume density, volume-weighted mean islets volume and mass of beta cells, islets, and pancreas and total number of islets were done. Islets volume density, volume-weighted mean islets volume, and mass of beta cells, islets, and pancreas of TDB group was significantly higher than D, FRD and TDA groups ( P < 0.001) and was comparable to controls (C and TC groups). Total number of islets, pancreas wet weight and volume did not show any significant changes between these groups ( P > 0.05). Results suggested that sodium tungstate preserves pancreatic beta cells from STZ-induced damages and diabetes induction in rats.

P-146 Ethanolic extract of Morus alba Linn. leaf increases glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 translocation in adipose cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats

P-146 Ethanolic extract of Morus alba Linn. leaf increases glucose uptake and glucose transporter 4 translocation in adipose cells of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats