You have accessJournal of UrologyBladder Cancer: Detection and Screening1 Apr 20111239 ELEVATED URINE LEVELS OF RANTES AND HIGH EXPRESSION LEVELS OF THE RANTES RECEPTOR (CCR5) IN BLADDER CANCER Hiroshi Tsuruta, Yohei Horikawa, Shintaro Narita, Takamitsu Inoue, Takashi Obara, Kazuyuki Numakura, Shinya Maita, Shigeru Sato, Norihiko Tsuchiya, and Tomonori Habuchi Hiroshi TsurutaHiroshi Tsuruta Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Yohei HorikawaYohei Horikawa Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Shintaro NaritaShintaro Narita Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Takamitsu InoueTakamitsu Inoue Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Takashi ObaraTakashi Obara Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Kazuyuki NumakuraKazuyuki Numakura Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Shinya MaitaShinya Maita Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Shigeru SatoShigeru Sato Akita, Japan More articles by this author , Norihiko TsuchiyaNorihiko Tsuchiya Akita, Japan More articles by this author , and Tomonori HabuchiTomonori Habuchi Akita, Japan More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2011.02.910AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookTwitterLinked InEmail INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES It has been suggested that expression of the inflammatory chemokine CCL5 (RANTES; regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed and secreted) by tumor cells is associated with tumor progression in several types of cancer. The aim of this study was to determine if RANTES and CCR5, its main receptor, are produced locally in patients with bladder cancer, whether urine RANTES level is a tumor marker, and whether there is a correlation between tumor progression and the expression levels of RANTES or CCR5. METHODS Urine RANTES level was measured using a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 84 patients with bladder cancer and 35 healthy control subjects, and CCR5 expression was determined using immunohistochemical staining in paraffin-embedded sections of primary tumors from 39 patients with bladder cancer. Tumors were classified according to CCR5 protein expression levels in both cytoplasm and nucleus. The correlation between clinicopathological variables such as tumor stage/grade and urine RANTES or CCR5 expression level was assessed. RESULTS The mean urinary RANTES level in patients with bladder cancer was significantly higher than that in healthy control subjects (patients, 63.1 ± 12.7 pg/mL; control subjects, 22.4 ± 3.8 pg/mL; P<0.001, Mann-Whitney U test). The AUC-ROC was 0.696 (95%CI: 0.593–0.799). When the cutoff value was set as 20.0 pg/mL, sensitivity and specificity were 67.5% and 62.9%, respectively. There was a significant correlation between urinary RANTES level and tumor stage (Ta vs T1–2; P=0.02), but there was no significant correlation between urinary RANTES level and tumor grade. By immunohistology, there was a statistically significant association between increased CCR5 expression in the cytoplasm of primary bladder tumors and tumor stage or grade. High-grade or high-stage tumors had a significantly higher expression level of CCR5 (grade 1–2 vs grade 3, P<0.001; Ta–1 vs T2–4, P=0.01; Mann-Whitney U test). CONCLUSIONS A high urinary RANTES level may be a candidate novel tumor marker not only for bladder cancer but also for disease progression. Furthermore, increased CCR5 expression in the cytoplasm of bladder cancer cells may be associated with aggressive bladder cancer. Further molecular and clinical studies are warranted to delineate the role of the RANTES/CCR5 system in carcinogenesis of bladder cancer and to apply urine or tissue expression levels as clinical markers. © 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 185Issue 4SApril 2011Page: e496 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2011 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Hiroshi Tsuruta Akita, Japan More articles by this author Yohei Horikawa Akita, Japan More articles by this author Shintaro Narita Akita, Japan More articles by this author Takamitsu Inoue Akita, Japan More articles by this author Takashi Obara Akita, Japan More articles by this author Kazuyuki Numakura Akita, Japan More articles by this author Shinya Maita Akita, Japan More articles by this author Shigeru Sato Akita, Japan More articles by this author Norihiko Tsuchiya Akita, Japan More articles by this author Tomonori Habuchi Akita, Japan More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...