CC Group Research Articles

Analysis of metabolites associated with ADIPOQ genotypes in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a significant public health problem and it is known that the identification of molecular markers involved in glycemic control can impact disease control. Although the rs266729 polymorphism located in the promoter of the adiponectin gene (ADP) has been shown to be a candidate for involvement in glycemic control, the genotypic groups have never been characterized in terms of metabolomic aspects. Objective: Analyze the metabolites present in the rs266729 genotype groups. 127 diabetic individuals were compared according to the rs266729 genotype groups CC and GC + GG (RFLP-PCR). Blood plasma metabolites were classified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and the metabolic pathways of each group using the MetaboAnalyst tool. Insulin therapy (p = 0.049) was more frequent in the GC + GG rs266729 group. Lactate, alanine, glutamine, aspartate, lipid, lysine, isoleucine, citrulline, cholesterol, and fucose impacted the CC group and aspartate, beta-glucose, glutamate, pyruvate, proline, and 2-oxoglutarate impacted the CG + GG group. The glucose-alanine pathway, malate-aspartate transport, and urea cycle impacted the CC group (D-glucose, glutamic acid, L-alanine, oxoglutaric acid, and pyruvic acid). The glutamine/glutamate ratio is likely to be related to the causes of rs266729 influencing the risk of diabetes.

In vitro analysis of flowable and high viscosity bulk fill composite versus conventional composite in core build up of endodontically treated teeth.

This study aimed to test the load to fracture of flowable and high viscosity bulk-fill composites compared to a convetional (packable) composite used to build up pulpless teeth. 45 endodontically treated premolars were restored with fiber posts then divided into three groups (N = 15) according to the core build-up material. SDR group: (Smart Dentine Replacement), (BF): Filtek One Bulk Fill and (CC) Filtek Z350 packable composite. After core build up the teeth received full coverage crowns. Load to fracture (Newton) was recorded for each specimen. One-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparisons test were used. The highest load at fracture was shown by (CC) group (1067N), followed by (BF) group (879N), and the SDR group (838N). One way ANOVA and Tukey's multiple comparisons test demonstrated no significant differences between CC, SDR, and BF groups (p > 0.05). The three materials showed comparable load to fracture. Further studies with simulation to occlusal forces and oral temperature are required.

Mild Ovarian Stimulation Using the Aromatase Inhibitor Letrozole (LTZ) is a Good Stimulation Protocol for to Obtain Euploid Blastocysts for Advanced Maternal Age Women

Purpose: Mild Ovarian Stimulation (MOS) is an effective form of Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) for Advanced Maternal Age (AMA) women. Taking either Clomiphene (CC) or Letrozole (LTZ) with MOS reduces the amount of gonadotropin that must be used. It has remained uncertain, however, whether LTZ or CC is more effective in combination with MOS. Therefore, we evaluated the choice of combination of either CC or LTZ with MOS and quantified the obtainment of euploid blastocysts for AMA women. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted between January 2020 and April 2021. In this study, we stimulated 286 women with MOS, 153 of these women used CC (CC group) and 133 were given LTZ (LTZ group). All women took either 100 mg of CC or 5 mg of LTZ daily for 7 days between MC 3 and MC 9, and 225 IU of recombinant-FSH were administered on MC 3, MC 5, MC 7, and MC 9. The euploid rates were compared between these two groups. Among them, the women who were ≥ 40 years old were divided into two groups, the CC-O40 group (n = 61) and LTZ-O40 group (n = 54), and the euploid rates were evaluated. Results: For AMA women, the blastocyst formation rate in the LTZ-O40 group (58.5%) was significantly higher than that in the CC-O40 group (46.6%, p < 0.05). The euploid rate in the LTZ group was 53.4%, which was significantly higher than that in the CC group (38.0%, p < 0.05). The AMA euploid rate in the LTZ-O40 group was 40.5%, which also was significantly higher than that in the CC-O40 group (16.7%, p < 0.05). Conclusions: For AMA women, a regimen of LTZ combined with MOS is the most effective ovarian stimulation method for obtaining euploid blastocysts.

Characteristics of Gut Microbiome in the Murine Model of Pancreatic Cancer with Damp-Heat Syndrome.

Murine models of pancreatic cancer with damp-heat syndrome were established based on two methods to explore the differences in the composition of intestinal flora and to seek characteristic genera with potential for model evaluation. In our study, thirty-four C57BL/6J male mice were randomly divided into a control group (Con), a model group (Mod), a classic damp-heat syndrome group (CDHS), and a climate-chamber group (CC). CDHS and CC groups were fed with a high-fat diet and glucose water, while the CDHS group was given 2.4 g/kg alcohol by gavage for 10 days, and the CC group was placed in a climatic chamber with a set temperature of (32 ± 1) °C and humidity of (92 ± 2)% for 10 days. The Mod group, CDHS group, and CC group underwent tumor-building experiments on day 11. Tumorigenicity was then assessed twice a week. After 4 weeks, feces, colon tissue, and tumor tissue were taken from the mice and were tested, and the mice were euthanized afterwards. Mice in the CDHS and CC groups showed symptoms similar to the clinical damp-heat syndrome observed in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), and exhibited a worse general condition and more rapid tumor growth trend than those in the Mod group. The pathological examination indicated that inflammation was prevalent in the CDHS and CC groups. Both groups had a disrupted intestinal barrier and an overgrowth of pathogenic bacteria such as c_Gammaproteobacteria, o_Enterobacteriales, and g_Bacteroides. Their microbiota composition showed greater diversity. Intestinal flora may have a promising future in the discovery of indicators for evaluating a model of damp-heat syndrome in pancreatic cancer.

A retrospective cohort study: dual cannula combined with modified shoelace continuous capsular closure technique versus nonrepair in hip arthroscopic surgery of femoroacetabular impingement

BackgroundOver the years, with the improvement of diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities for hip joint diseases and the advancements in surgical technology, hip arthroscopy has been extensively used. At present, there is ongoing controversy among scholars about whether it is necessary to close the joint capsule after hip arthroscopy. In addition, the clinical effect of repairing the hip joint capsule after hip arthroscopy remains uncertain.PurposeTo evaluate the effect of our modified shoelace suture technique on postoperative hip function and to investigate whether complete closure of the hip capsule is reliable and safe.Study DesignRetrospective study; Levels of evidence: III.MethodsA retrospective review was conducted on patients undergoing hip arthroscopy by a solitary high-volume hip arthroscopic surgeon. The patients were categorized into two groups. The first group consisted of patients who underwent the modified shoelace continuous capsular closure technique. The other group consisted of those who did not receive capsular closure after hip arthroscopy. Patient-reported outcomes including modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Hip Outcome Score of Activities of Daily Living (HOS-ADL), Hip Outcome Score Sport-Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analogue scale (VAS) were obtained at a minimum of 12 months. Any complications during follow-up were identified and recorded.ResultsA total of 100 patients were followed up for 12–15 months, with an average of (12.3 ± 5.3) months in the study. There were 50 patients in the shoelace capsular closure group (CC group) and 50 patients in the non-capsular closure group (NC group). The surgical time in the suture group was significantly longer than that in the non-suture group. However, there was no statistically significant disparity in the length of hospital stay between the two groups. The mHHS, HOS-SSS, HOS-ADL, and VAS of the CC and NC group were significantly improved compared to preoperative scores at 6 and 12 postoperative months (P < 0.001). Compared with the NC group, the CC group showed a significant improvement in the mHHS, HOS-SSS, HOS-ADL, and VAS at 6 postoperative months (t = 4.885, P<0.001; t = 5.984, P<0.001; t = 4.279, P<0.001; t = 3.875, P<0.001). The mHHS, HOS-SSS, HOS-ADL, and VAS at 12 postoperative months were significantly better in the CC group than in the NC group (t = 5.165, P<0.001; t = 3.697, P<0.001; t = 4.840, P<0.001; t = 3.579, P = 0.001). There were no serious complications during the perioperative period.ConclusionThe modified shoelace continuous capsular closure technique is a reliable and secure method that can be used as an alternative to the conventional capsular closure. It is recommended to perform routine intraoperative repair of the articular capsule at the end of hip arthroscopy, as this has a positive influences on the functional results at short-term follow-up.

Effects of Trichoderma harzianum Fertilizer on Growth and Rhizosphere Microbial Community of Continuous Cropping Lagenaria siceraria

This study analyzed the effects of Trichoderma harzianum fertilizer on the growth of continuous cropping Lagenaria siceraria and the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil and microbial community structure, using Illumina Miseq (PE300) high-throughput sequencing technology along with physiological and biochemical detection. The results indicated that after applying T. harzianum fertilizer, the growth of L. siceraria was significantly promoted, with increases in plant height, fresh weight, and dry weight of 21.42%, 24.5%, and 4.5%, respectively. The pH of the rhizosphere soil decreased from 7.78 to 7.51, while the electrical conductivity (EC), the available phosphorus (AP), the available potassium (AK), and the total nitrogen (TN) were markedly higher compared to the CC group and increased by 13.95%, 22.54%, 21.37%, and 16.41%, respectively. The activities of catalase and sucrase in the rhizosphere increased by 18.33% and 61.47%, and the content of Soil Organic Carbon (SOC) elevated by 27.39%, which indicated that T. harzianum fertilizer could enhance soil enzyme activity and promotes the transformation of organic matter. Among them, the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Pseudomonas increased, while the relative abundance of harmful fungi such as Fusarium and Podosphaera decreased significantly. This study clarified that T. harzianum fertilizer promoted the growth of continuously planted L. siceraria plants by improving soil physical and chemical properties and microbial community structure and was an effective microbial agent to alleviate the adverse effects of continuous cropping of L. siceraria.

Mood, Anxiety, and Cognitive Alterations in Cancer Patients.

To analyze the cytokine profile in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), as well as mood, anxiety, and cognition profiles in patients with CC. One hundred and nine individuals were evaluated, 37 controls, 18 CWC, and 54 CC patients. Assessments included BDI, HADS, Digit Span, FAS-verbal, Animals/WMS-R, Matrix Reasoning and Vocabulary (WASI), and QLQ-C30. The CC group exhibited 62.96% depression and probable anxiety/depression, with 75.92% showing attention deficits. The CC and CWC groups demonstrated significant cognitive impairment on the WASI-Vocabulary test (CWC: 13.4 ± 2.2; CC: 15.9 ± 1.1) compared to the control group (Ct: 22.8 ± 1.6; p = 0.0002). In the QLQ-C30 scores, the CC group reported a greater perceived loss of quality of life and health deterioration (score of 17.5 ± 2.6) and lower scores on the Functional Scale (49.8 ± 4.5). The CC group had 18.52% illiteracy, 18.52% incomplete higher education, and 22.22% complete elementary education. The CC group also had lower weight (Ct: 67.8 ± 1.4; CWC: 61.7 ± 3.1; CC: 59.6 ± 1.7; p = 0.0023) and BMI (CC: 21.5 [18.3; 24.8]; Ct: 24.9 [23; 25.8]; p = 0.0021) compared to controls. Cytokines detected in the CSF were MCP-1, VEGF, IL-8, IP-10, and MIP-1β. Higher concentrations of MCP-1 were found in cancer patients (CSC: 571.2 ± 105.8; CC: 399.5 ± 65.9; Ct: 1477 ± 0.1; p < 0.0001), along with lower levels of MIP-1β (CC: 4345 [3060; 7353]) and VEGF (CC: 48.3 ± 2.0; CWC: 49.8 ± 3.8; Ct: 64.8 ± 3.2; p < 0.0001). The level of mental impairment (mood, anxiety, and cognitive deficits) correlated with cancer-associated and cachexia-associated inflammation, weight loss, low BMI, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), leukocytosis, lymphopenia, anemia, hypoalbuminemia, and low scores on the QLQ-C30 questionnaire (Global Health Status, Functional Scale, Symptom Scale). The CC group exhibited a higher prevalence of depression/anxiety, a stronger correlation between depression and inflammation, and greater cognitive impairment in attention, reasoning, and language, alongside lower average educational attainment. The low concentration of certain cytokines in the CSF combined with elevated systemic CRP in cancer and cachexia, associated with mental disorders, presents a paradox that requires further investigation. Higher concentrations of the cytokine MCP-1 in cancer patient groups indicated a positive correlation with the preservation of language abilities in these patients.

Citral: A potent inhibitor of advanced glycation end products

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), which are produced during food processing, pose health risks to humans. This study found that citral (Cit) effectively inhibited the formation of both fluorescent and non-fluorescent AGEs in the bovine serum albumin (BSA)-glucose (Glc) system. Cit achieved an average inhibition rate of over 80 % for fluorescent AGEs and reduced the levels of N-ε-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and N-ε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL) by up to 45.85 % and 59.32 %, respectively. The comprehensive characterizations and high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis demonstrated that the carbonyl group and CC group present on Cit could compete with Glc for the amino groups on BSA, thereby reducing the formation of AGEs. Additionally, the cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the BSA-Cit adducts were non-toxic. This research indicated that Cit was a potent and safe inhibitor of AGEs.

RAP1-GTPase immunostaining is altered in human precancerous and cancerous cervical lesions.

Aim: This study investigated RAP1 immunostaining variation in different cell types during CC progression.Methods: Paraffin-embedded cervical tissues from 101 patients were categorized into control, pre-neoplastic and neoplastic groups. RAP1 immunolocalization, HPV detection and genotyping were performed. A semiquantitative immunoreactive score was employed to compare labeling intensity, cellular localization, nuclear labeling, percentage and distribution of reactive cells.Results: 73% (72/99) of cervical specimens were HPV+. RAP1 was localized in the nucleus and cytoplasm of all samples. Cytoplasmic RAP1 immunoscore was higher than nuclear score in all CC groups. RAP1 intensity increased with lesion severity. SCC samples exhibited predominantly intense RAP1 immunostaining.Conclusion: RAP1 is an efficient biomarker for detecting invasive CC lesions but has limited utility in distinguishing SCC grades.

The use of soapy water and freezing as secondary steps for euthanasia in cave (Blaberus giganteus) and Madagascar hissing (Gromphadorhina portentosa) cockroaches.

To evaluate methods for euthanizing cave cockroaches (CCs; Blaberus giganteus) and Madagascar hissing cockroaches (MHCs; Gromphadorhina portentosa). It was hypothesized that both suggested methods would be effective for humane mass euthanasia of both species. Approximately 800 CC. The CCs were separated into replicate groups of 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 grams and placed into 3.8-L plastic bags. Twenty-seven MHCs were divided into groups of 2 to 3. The study took place from January to March 2023. All CC groups were exposed to 100% carbon dioxide (CO2) at a rate of 4 L/min until the bag was full. Madagascar hissing cockroaches were similarly anesthetized using either CO2 or 2 mL of isoflurane on a cotton ball in a 1-L container or a combination of CO2 and isoflurane. Once cockroaches were immobile, secondary euthanasia steps were performed. One bag of CCs per weight category was exposed to soapy water (5% Dawn dishwashing liquid), and the second was placed into a -80 °C freezer. The containers of MHCs were evenly exposed to the 2 euthanasia methods. Individuals remained in their secondary euthanasia method for 30 minutes. Regardless of the weight of the CCs within each bag, there was no impact on time (1.8 ± 0.4 minutes [mean ± SD]) to immobility. The failure rates for both species were 0.2% CI (-0.1% to 1.5% [1/413]) for soapy water and 0.5% CI (0.005% to 1.9% [2/414]) for the freezer method. These results support the use of both 2-step euthanasia methods in CCs and MHCs. These methods will serve as an evidence-based alternative for humane mass euthanasia in cockroaches.

Association Study Between DRD2, DRD3 Genetic Polymorphisms and Adverse Reactions in Chinese Patients on Amisulpride Treatment.

To determine if the cardiac function and "endocrinium" of Chinese patients are associated with dopamine D2 (DRD2) (rs6276) and DRD3 (rs6280, rs963468) genetic polymorphisms when treated with amisulpride. This study enrolled 148 patients with schizophrenia who took amisulpride orally for 8 weeks. DRD2 (rs6276) and DRD3 (rs6280, rs963468) genetic polymorphisms were detected with TaqMan-MGB allelic discrimination. Analysis by multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) showed that after adjusting for age, gender, and the baseline level, the increase in the level of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) in the rs6276 AG group was higher than that in the AA and GG groups. Similarly, the changed estradiol (E2) level in rs6276 GG and rs963468 GG groups was higher than that in the other two groups. Adjusting for covariates, the increased triglyceride (TG) level in rs6276 GG and rs963468 GG groups was the highest among their different genotype groups. The increase in the level of "AST" in the rs6280 TT group was higher than that in the CC and CT groups upon adjusting for covariates. Similarly, MANCOVA showed that the increase in the level of "CK" in the rs6280 CT group was higher than that in the CC and CT groups. Besides, the increased level of "PRL" in the rs6280 CC group and rs963468 GG group was higher than that in their other two genotypes groups. DRD2 (rs6276) and DRD3 (rs6280, rs963468) polymorphisms can affect amisulpride tolerability since they are associated with the observed adverse reactions, including cardiac dysfunction and endocrine disorders in Chinese patients with schizophrenia.

Hydrophobic and porous Fe-Pdb coordination framework structure supported Pt-Fe nanoparticles catalyst for enhanced chemoselective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde

The selective hydrogenation of cinnamaldehyde to cinnamyl alcohol has remained a ponding challenge due to competitive hydrogenation reactions between CC and CO groups. In this work, a hydrophobic and porous Fe and 3,3′-(pyridine-3,5-diyl)-dibenzoic acid coordination framework structure (Fe-Pdb(CFs)) was employed to support Pt-Fe nanoparticles and synthesize a high-performance Pt-Fe/Fe-Pdb(CFs) heterogeneous catalyst. The reactivity activity could be greatly improved by introducing electrophilic sites and enhancing the enrichment effect of Fe-Pdb(CFs) material. Thus, the optimal cinnamaldehyde conversion reached approximately 88.9%, with a better selectivity of 85.8% towards cinnamyl alcohol at 60°C.

RISK OF PERIPROSTHETIC FRACTURE AFTER PRIMARY TOTAL HIP ARTHROPLASTY USING A COLLARED CEMENTLESS (CC) OR TAPER-SLIP CEMENTED STEM (PTS)

A: - determine the incidence of intraoperative periprosthetic femoral fracture (PFF)B: - determine the incidence of, and the reoperation rate for postoperative PFFWhen using either CC or PTS femoral components.Retrospective review of a consecutive series of 11,018 THAs over a ten-year period. All PFFs were identified using regional radiograph archiving and electronic care systems.Of the 11,018 THAs 4,952 were CC and 6,066 were PTS. Between groups, age, sex, and BMI did not differ.A: - 55 (0.5%) had an intraoperative PFF. 44 CC and 11 PTS (p&lt;0.001). 3 patients in each group had a femoral shaft fracture, remaining fractures were either the calcar (20 CC and 2 group) or the greater trochanter (11 CC and 6 PTS).B: - 91(0.8%) sustained a postoperative PFF. Of those 15 were managed conservatively, 15 were revised and 61 (80.3%) had an ORIF. The CC group had both a lower overall rate of postoperative PFFs (0.7% (36/4,952) vs 0.9% (55/6,066); p = 0.341), and a lower rate of return to theatre (0.4% (22/4,952) vs 0.9% (54/6,066); p = 0.005). 1.3% of male PTS (36/2,674) had a reoperation compared to 0.3% of male CC (7/2,121) (p&lt;0.001).With regard to stem fracture there were none in the Corail group and 5 in the Exeter group. Of these 2 were sub trunnion and 3 were basal neck.A: - There were significantly more intraoperative PFFs with CC 44 (0.8%) than PTS 11 (0.2%). However, the majority of fractures were either of the calcar or greater trochanter with no impact on early recovery or one year Oxford scores.B: - Male PTS were five times more likely to have a reoperation for postoperative PFF. Females had the same incidence of reoperation with either component type.There were 5 stem fractures in the Exeter group and none in the Corail.These results represent robust estimates, which are likely to be more accurate than revision only studies typically generated from registry data.

Seating accuracy of removable partial denture frameworks fabricated by different digital workflows in comparison to conventional workflow.

To evaluate the seating accuracy of removable partial denture (RPD) frameworks fabricated by two digital workflows involving selective laser melting (SLM) in comparison to the conventional workflow. A Kennedy class III modification 1 partially edentulous mandibular arch was used as a master model. Three RPD framework groups were included: (1) a conventional workflow group with conventional impression and casting (CC), (2) a partial digital workflow group with conventional impression and digital fabrication (CD), and (3) a complete digital workflow group with digital impression and digital fabrication (DD). A total of 10 frameworks were produced for each group. The marginal gaps at the occlusal rests, retention arms, and reciprocating arms were measured by a traveling microscope. The data were analyzed with the one-way analysis of variance test. At the framework level, the most superior fit was observed for the CD group (79.5µm) followed by DD (85.3µm) and CC (114.2µm) groups. The CD and DD groups were significantly superior to CC (p<0.001). This fit pattern was consistent for the retention and reciprocating arms, while the occlusal rest fit was similar among all the groups. The SLM frameworks had a promising seating accuracy in comparison to conventional frameworks. The type of impression, conventional or digital, did not affect the accuracy of SLM frameworks. The differences observed in the present study are likely to be of minimal clinical significance.

Comparing open and closed cell stents in idiopathic intracranial hypertension: A comprehensive meta-analysis of clinical outcomes.

Background: Open cell stents (OC) and closed cell stents (CC) each offer unique advantages and potential drawbacks in the context of idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) treatment. We aim to investigate the safety and efficacy of using OC and CC for IIH.Methods: We conducted a systematic review in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases following the PRISMA guidelines. Eligible studies included ≥4 patients with IIH treated by OC or CC. Primary outcomes were headache, visual acuity, and papilledema status before and after the procedure. Additionally, failure rate, minor complications, major complications, and total complications were assessed. Pooled analysis of the OC group and CC group were done separately and then compared.Results: Twenty-four studies were included. Of these, 20 reported on OC and 6 reported on CC. Pooled analysis of failure rate was 8% (4%-12%) in OC and 5% (0%-11%) in CC. For headache improvement rate: 78% (70%-86%) in OC and 81% (66%-69%) in CC. For visual acuity improvement: 78% (65%-92%) in OC and 76% (29%-100%) in CC. For papilledema improvement: 88% (77%-98%) in OC and 82% (67%-98%) in CC. For minor complications: 0% (0%-1%) in OC and 0% (0%-2%) in CC. For major complications: 0% (0%-1%) in OC and 2% (0%-6%) in CC. Total complications: 0% (0%-1%) in OC and 2% (0%-6%) in CC.Conclusion: Low failure and complication rates were found in both OC and CC, with no significant difference between them in effectiveness. The CC showed a slight but significant increase in major and total complications compared to the OC. Additionally, a subtle yet significantly lower failure rate was identified in the CC.

The feasibility and accuracy of the method for selecting the optimal size of double-lumen tube in thoracic surgery: a prospective, randomized controlled trial

Double-lumen tubes (DLTs) are commonly used for one-lung ventilation (OLV) in thoracic surgery and the selection of an optimal size of DLTs is still a humongous task. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility and accuracy of the method for selecting an optimal size of DLTs in thoracic surgery. Sixty adult patients requiring a left side double-lumen tube (LDLT) for elective thoracoscopic surgery were included in this study. All patients were randomly allocated to the following two groups: Cuffs Collapsed group (CC group, n = 30) and Cuffs Inflated group (CI group, n = 30). In the Cuffs Collapsed group, the outer diameter of LDLT (the outer diameter of the tracheal and bronchial cuffs when they were collapsed as the outer diameter of the LDLT) matched with the inner diameter of the trachea and bronchus measured by the anesthesiologist on the chest CT slice; In the Cuffs Inflated group, the outer diameter of LDLT (the outer diameter of the tracheal and bronchial cuffs when they were inflated as the outer diameter of the LDLT) matched with the inner diameter of the trachea and bronchus measured by the anesthesiologist on the chest CT slice. The primary outcomes were the incidences of airway complications postoperative such as hoarseness and sore throat. The time of intubation and alignment, the incidences of LDLT displacement and adjustment, the peak airway pressure, the plateau airway pressure and the end-tidal carbon dioxide were also recorded. The incidences of airway complications postoperative such as sore throat and hoarseness were lower in the CI group than the CC group (P < 0.05), the intubation times was shorter in the CI group than the CC group (P < 0.05), while the peak airway pressure, the plateau airway pressure and the end-tidal carbon dioxide during two-lung ventilation and one-lung ventilation were no significant difference between two groups (P > 0.05). The method which matched the inner diameter of the trachea and bronchus measured on chest CT slice with the outer diameter of the tracheal and bronchial cuffs when they were inflated to select an appropriate size of LDLT can reduce the incidence of airway complications.Trials registration: Clinical Trials: gov. no. NCT05739318. Registered at https://classic.clinicaltrials.gov 22/02/2023.

Quantitative analysis of molecular structure characterization of different liptinite-rich coals using FTIR spectroscopy

As one of the important components in low-rank coals, liptinite plays an indispensable role in the formation and utilization of coal, thus, understanding the occurrence and structures of liptinite-rich coals provides a theoretical basis for the origin and clean utilization of coals. In this study, the occurrence of liptinite and the functional groups and molecular structure of different liptinite-rich coals were quantitatively characterized by using optical microscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), respectively. The results showed that the sample JS-7 from Yunnan Province mainly enriched sporinite and bituminite, the sample JS-15 from Yunnan Province is rich in dispersed resin and the amber-rich coal from Liaoning Province mainly contains bulk resin. The FTIR results indicated that the amber-rich coal, the sample JS-7 and pure amber (Liaoning Province) consist mainly of trisubstituted benzene. The sample JS-7 has the highest content of trisubstituted benzene (63.4%) due to the high content of sporinite and bituminite. The sample JS-15 is mainly composed of tetrasubstituted and pentasubstituted benzene, which may be relevant to the cyclization of aliphatic chains and the decarboxylation reaction of benzene rings. The CC group has not been detected in the sample JS-7 and pure amber. The FTIR structural parameters indicate that the pure amber has the lowest maturity, the lowest degree of aromatization, but the highest hydrocarbon generation potential. The highest CH2/CH3 group value (14.69) and the lowest A factor value (0.36) of the sample JS-15 indicate a well-developed aliphatic chain structure and lowest hydrocarbon generation potential, respectively, which probably caused by the low content of CO group.

Pre-housing fasting and diet physical form impact broiler chicks’ gastrointestinal development along the first week of housing

This study aimed to evaluate body and gastrointestinal development in broilers chicks subjected or not to pre-housing fasting and different diet physical forms during the first week of housing. Nine hundred chicks were distributed into a completely randomized design in a 3×3 factorial arrangement: 0, 24 and 48 hours(h) of fasting; mashed (MM), crushed (CC) and micropelletized (MP) physical forms. For each fasting period, 300 animals were housed in protection circles with 100 chicks each. On days 1, 3, 5 and 7 of feeding, six animals were randomly selected, previously weighed and euthanized to obtain organs biometrical and histological data. Chicks fasted for 24 h and 48 h were lighter compared to the 0 h group and the 24-h fasting x MP interaction had a positive impact on body weight at d7 (P<0.05). Although fasted chicks presented lower body weight, small intestine, liver and gizzard were heavier, and presented greater yolk sac consumption (YSC; P<0.05). There were no alterations in the duodenal mucosa (DM) in pre-housing fasting animals (P>0.05). Despite the diet physical form and pre-housing fasting interactions for villus height (VH) and absorptive area (AA) on d1, only diet physical form affected DM, where greater VH and AA on d7 were observed in CC and MP groups (P<0.05). Animals fed MP after 48 h fasting presented smaller VH and AA compared to chicks fed the same diet after 24 h and were similar to the 0 h group (P<0.05). On d1, YSC was similar among groups of the same diet, but for those fed with MP(P<0.05). The 48 h-fasted group presented heavier intestines relative weights (IRW) at d1(P<0.05). Furthermore, the 0 h group fed with CC presented higher IRW, whereas MP showed the lowest IRW over the first week (P<0.05). The DM development (kinetics) showed an increase in VH and AA overtime in all groups, which was more pronounced in 48 h-fasting chicks throughout the first week, showing the highest increase in VH when fed with MP (P<0.05). VH:CD ratio was similar along the first week in MP groups, regardless of the fasting period but more pronounced in the 24 h group fed MM and CC (P<0.05). Therefore, 24 h fasting associated to MP diet may be the most efficient management practice. Collectively, these findings suggest pre-housing fasting is strongly associated with diet physical form at the first week of housing and should be considered to achieve greater performance in broilers.

CC vs. CC-Plus: A Comparison between Two Cranial-to-Caudal Approaches for Laparoscopic Right Hemicolectomy: A Single-Center Retrospective Study.

Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, with approximately 1.9 million new cases and over 935,000 deaths in 2020. Right-sided colon cancer, a subset of colorectal cancer, represents a significant health burden. Laparoscopic colon surgery has significantly improved postoperative recovery. The superiority of one approach or landmark over another is still argued about due to the lack of large-scale prospective studies. However, deep understanding both of the anatomical variation and characteristics of each approach is of extreme importance to minimizing adverse effects and maximizing patient benefit after laparoscopic right hemicolectomy. Among these, the cranial-to-caudal approach offers advantages such as reduced intraoperative blood loss, shorter operation time, and decreased risk of vascular injury. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of two cranial-to-caudal approaches for laparoscopic right hemicolectomy (LRH). Specifically, the study aims to evaluate the differences between the conventional cranial-to-caudal approach with medial ligation of the middle colic vein (MCV), and the cranial-to-caudal approach with cranial MCV ligation and surgical trunk sheath opening (CC-plus). The goal is to determine which method offers superior outcomes in terms of intraoperative blood loss, operation time, and overall patient recovery. This single-center retrospective study compared two cranial-to-caudal approaches for LRH. The study included 51 patients who underwent LRH between January 2021 and November 2023 at the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine. Patients were divided into two groups: Group A (26 patients) used the cranial-to-caudal approach with medial ligation of the middle colic vein (MCV), and Group B (25 patients) used the cranial-to-caudal approach with cranial MCV ligation and surgical trunk sheath opening (CC-plus). General characteristics, intraoperative parameters, and postoperative outcomes were compared. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0, with significance set at p < 0.05. There were no significant differences between the groups regarding age, gender, tumor location, or clinical staging. All patients achieved R0 resection with no perioperative deaths. The CC-plus group had significantly reduced intraoperative blood loss and shorter operation time compared to the CC group (p < 0.05). No significant differences were found in first postoperative exhausting time, first postoperative defecation time, and postoperative hospital stay between the two groups. Furthermore, no significant differences were evaluated in postoperative complications (surgical site infection (SSI), ileus or bowel obstruction, refractory diarrhea, anastomotic leakage, deep vein thrombosis (DVT), hemorrhage) between the two groups on a median follow up of 12.6 months. Pathological examination showed no significant differences in total lymph nodes dissected and tumor stage. The cranial-to-caudal approach with MCV ligation via the cranial approach (CC-plus) is a safe and effective method for LRH, offering advantages in terms of reduced operation time and intraoperative blood loss. This study's findings suggest that the CC-plus approach may be superior to the conventional cranial-to-caudal approach.

Strategies for preparation of chitosan based water-soluble fluorescent probes to detect Cr3+ and Cu2+ ions

The low solubility of chitosan (CS) imposes adverse effects on its application. In this work, one of the aims is to improve the water solubility of CS. By introducing water-soluble side chains to CS, this aim was achieved. Besides, fluorescent moieties were incorporated into the side chains, the fluorescent copolymers were endowed with Cr3+ and Cu2+ ions recognition ability. Firstly, a reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer polymerization (RAFT) reagent with naphthalimide units and CC groups was prepared. Water-soluble monomer methyl acrylic acid (MAA) was employed in the RAFT polymerization. Thus, water-soluble polymer with fluorescent unit and -C ≡ C on both ends of the polymer was obtained. They were introduced into CS, and the CS-based fluorescent copolymers were obtained eventually. The amount of MAA introduced could be tuned to obtain three side chains of different lengths. It was found that the more MAA was introduced, the better the solubility of CS-TP was. The detection limits (LOD) of Cr3+ and Cu2+ were 44.6 nM and 54.5 nM, respectively. The detection of Cr3+ and Cu2+ ions is further combined with a mobile APP to realize real-time, portable, and visual detection. And the application in the logic gate, a new detection platform, is prepared.