Cause Of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research Articles

Unravelling The Cause and Consequences of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Comprehensive Review

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder caused by experiencing or witnessing traumatic or potentially life-threatening events, that has grown in prevalence due to global conflicts, natural disasters, and domestic violence. When a victim experiences trauma such as death or serious injury, three dimensions of PTSD develop: re-experience the event, Symptoms of trauma may include distressing memories, dreams, flashbacks, and physical distress, as well as avoidance of triggers and increased arousal. Traumatic events cause stress, which leads to a variety of psychosocial and physiological outcomes. PTSD has significant psychobiological correlates that can impair a person's daily life and be life-threatening. Given current events (for example, extended combat, terrorism, and exposure to certain environmental toxins), a significant increase in PTSD diagnoses is expected over the next decade. PTSD is a serious public health concern, necessitating the development of new paradigms and theoretical models to gain a better understanding of the condition and develop new and improved treatment interventions. therefore, understanding the specific causes of PTSD and how it affects patients is critical for both clinical practice and scientific research. To treat PTSD, nonpharmacologic interventions such as cognitive behavioural therapy, antidepressants (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors), antianxiety medications, mood stabilizers, and antipsychotics are recommended. This review of PTSD will help readers gain a better understanding of the PTSD condition and probable causes that contribute to PTSD disease and explore the influence on the patient himself after suffering from PTSD. It discusses the ways to improve the ability to recognize and treat it, appreciate the internist's role in managing it, and help to enhance the quality of life of people suffering from PTSD.

Factors associated with prolonged COVID-related PTSD-like symptoms among adults diagnosed with mild COVID-19 in Poland.

COVID-19 has been considered a possible cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or similar conditions. However, what specific disease symptoms may contribute most to prolonged PTSD-like symptoms in COVID-19 survivors is unclear. The study aimed to present the factor structure of COVID-19 symptoms and identify which symptoms of COVID-19 best explain the subsequent presence of PTSD-like symptoms in mild COVID-19 survivors. COVID-positive adults (n = 341) completed online self-report scales at the baseline assessment (T1) and after approximately 4 months (T2), including The Patient Health Questionnaire Anxiety-Depression Scale; The Scale of Psychosocial Experience Related to COVID-19, The Primary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5; and self-designed questionnaires evaluating the severity of COVID-related medical and neurocognitive symptoms and pre-pandemic variables. Exploratory factor analysis revealed five factors of COVID-19 symptoms: flu-like, respiratory, cold, neurological, and neurocognitive. Hierarchical logistic regression showed that besides selected control variables (anxiety and depression, presence of PTSD-like symptoms, COVID-related stigma in T1), neurocognitive symptoms of COVID-19 in T1 but not other symptoms of the disease were a significant predictor of the presence of PTSD-like symptom in T2. Findings suggest a need for a comprehensive neurocognitive assessment of people diagnosed with COVID-19 and prompt interventions targeting the prevention of potential risks for long-term PTSD-like states at the community level.

The Causes and Interventions of PTSD

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex condition that arises in response to individuals experiencing traumatic events. It inflicts profound stress on individuals and detrimentally impacts their psychological and physical well-being. This essay aims to delve deeply into the causes of PTSD and propose relevant interventions from both therapeutic and personal perspectives. The causes of PTSD encompass a range of factors, including biological, psychological, and social influences. The damage wrought by PTSD is primarily due to the re-living of the trauma, leading to symptoms such as heightened anxiety, debilitating panic attacks, and a loss of control. Furthermore, social disengagement and diminished enjoyment in life are exacerbated by avoidance behaviors and emotional numbing reactions. Increased vigilance and arousal contribute to physical health problems, sleep disturbances, and persistent irritability. The overall disruption in one's quality of life profoundly affects their relationships, employment, and self-image. Seeking professional assistance from psychological consultants and receiving support from individuals undergoing the recovery process is crucial in preventing secondary harm to patients.

The Jonas’ Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in The Giver

This study aims analyze the main character’s stress disorder in Lois Lowry's novel, The Giver, using Gerald Davison's Theory of PostTraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). The research focuses on two objectives: (1) identifying the causes of PTSD experienced by Jonas in The Giver and (2) exploring the impacts of PTSD on Jonas in the novel. This research applied a literary criticism. This study used a literary psychology approach with Gerald Davison's post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) theory. The data source of this research was The Giver, a novel written by Lois Lowry, published in 1993 by Houghton Mifflin Company. It consists of 156 pages with 23 chapters. The findings of the study reveal that Jonas developed a mental disorder after undergoing compulsorytraining as the Receiver. His exposure to traumatic memories from The Giver instilled fear, pain, depression, and stress within him. The causes of his PTSD can be attributed to psychological, environmental, and brainstructure factors. Consequently, Jonas displayed negative and antisocial behaviors, frequently plagued by haunting thoughts related to his traumatic experiences. This led to significant changes in his behavior, emotions, and mindset.

Prevention and Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Prevention and treatment of PTSD are carried out through the use of effective practices of modern medical rehabilitation centers and rational state policy aimed at overcoming this mass phenomenon. The article examines modern tools and means that help to overcome post-traumatic stress disorder and its negative consequences for the social environment and the population. The key aim of the article is to provide effective principles for the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder based on international experience. The article presents the current state of development of this disease and characterizes the main trends that contribute to the spread of post-traumatic stress disorder. In particular, the analysis makes it possible to characterize the results of the study from the perspective of the exercise and realization of public power in the field of social protection and health care. Attention is paid to the issue of financing the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as possible practices for overcoming this disease through the development of medical infrastructure. The article examines the main symptoms and root causes of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as possible directions of its development. The analysis of treatment practices and possible prospects for overcoming post-traumatic stress disorder is characterized from the standpoint of ensuring the development of human capital and stabilization of the social environment as a result of the massive spread of post-traumatic stress disorder. The results of the study can be used by specialized institutions, private psychologists, and specialists who aim to treat post-traumatic stress disorder.

Neural correlates of PTSD in women with childhood sexual abuse with and without PTSD and response to paroxetine treatment: A placebo-controlled, double-blind trial

ObjectiveChildhood sexual abuse is the leading cause of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in women, and is a prominent cause of morbidity and loss of function for which limited treatments are available. Understanding the neurobiology of treatment response is important for developing new treatments. The purpose of this study was to assess neural correlates of personalized traumatic memories in women with childhood sexual abuse with and without PTSD, and to assess response to treatment. MethodsWomen with childhood sexual abuse with (N = 28) and without (N = 17) PTSD underwent brain imaging with High-Resolution Positron Emission Tomography scanning with radiolabeled water for brain blood flow measurements during exposure to personalized traumatic scripts and memory encoding tasks. Women with PTSD were randomized to paroxetine or placebo followed by three months of double-blind treatment and repeat imaging with the same protocol. ResultsWomen with PTSD showed decreases in areas involved in the Default Mode Network (DMN), a network of brain areas usually active when the brain is at rest, hippocampus and visual processing areas with exposure to traumatic scripts at baseline while women without PTSD showed increased activation in superior frontal gyrus and other areas (p < 0.005). Treatment of women with PTSD with paroxetine resulted in increased anterior cingulate activation and brain areas involved in the DMN and visual processing with scripts compared to placebo (p < 0.005). ConclusionPTSD related to childhood sexual abuse in women is associated with alterations in brain areas involved in memory and the stress response and treatment with paroxetine results in modulation of these areas.

Knowledge and Perception of Gynecologist Against Sexual Assault-Multi Center Trial

Sexual harassment is a global phenomenon. Sexual Assault is highly emotive subject and still reporting of the act is limited. Awareness of women rights has increased reporting of sexual assault requiring forensic evidence. The health care professionals required to document assault are hesitant to report assault largely due to limited knowledge and training to deal with such situations. The objective of this study was to assess knowledge and perception of Gynaecologists working in Tertiary Care Hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan who have been dealing with women with sexual assault. This is a prospective cross sectional study and a questionnaire about knowledge and perception of sexual assault was used for assessment. This prospective study was carried out in Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology in three tertiary care hospitals of Lahore from May to June 2021 by filling a questionnaire, after verbal informed consent and obtained data was&#x0D; analyzed by SPSS 26. 166 doctors working at different levels answered a confidential and anonymous written questionnaire. Out of 166, 63.9% were 25-30years, 94% were females and 62.7% were married. 98.8% were Pakistanis while 72.3% belonged to urban areas of Pakistan. 53% participants had basic medical qualification (MBBS) and 41% were post graduate residents.50.6% strongly disagreed that women who wear certain types of clothing are responsible for their own rape.60.2% disagreed that rape cannot occur within marriage. 42.2% agreed upon victim not knowing the attacker. 47% disagreed that a woman can't be raped by someone she has a sexual relationship with. 30.1% strongly disagreed that a woman should feel guilty while 39.8% strongly agreed that a raped woman should do everything she can do to resist. Only 41.5% knew what to do when someone disclosed their rape. 65.1% felt uncomfortable listening to rape history of patients. 32.5% agreed that rape victim had alcohol prior to rape, 43.3% say rape victims become pregnant and 51.3% agreed that sexual violence is a very common cause of post-traumatic stress disorder while 45.8% said that rape victim may need HIV preventive measures. Laws against sexual violence and workplace harassment are in place in Pakistan but there is limited knowledge and awareness in Gynaecologists reporting sexual assault. Awareness of social rights and laws is necessary to improve diagnosis and management of this pressing problem, so this should be a part of basic medical curriculum in Pakistan.

The Causes and Effects of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

After a particularly traumatic occurrence that leaves the patient with profound mental anguish and long-lasting negative effects, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) typically develops. Therefore, determining the precise causes of PTSD and how it affects patients is of tremendous practical importance as well as scientific research value. This paper aims to analyze the possible factors that lead to PTSD disease and discuss the impact on the patient himself after suffering from PTSD. The results reveal that major negative events, natural and man-made disasters, physical injuries, and psychological harm are the main reasons for people to develop PTSD. PTSD has the possibility of increasing people’s criminal tendency, which will bring self-mutilation and other self-harming behaviors to patients. Additionally, it is often accompanied by many psychological and physical complications during the onset of the disease, which further damage the patient’s health. The paper provides insight into the prevention and intervention of PTSD.

Luteolin reduces fear, anxiety, and depression in rats with post-traumatic stress disorder

ABSTRACT Exposure to severe stress can lead to the development of neuropsychiatric disorders, including post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The cause of PTSD is dysregulation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and an imbalance of monoamines. Fruits and vegetables contain large amounts of luteolin (LU; 3′,4′,5,7-tetrahydroxylflavone), which has various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-allergic effects. We investigated the effects of LU on fear, depression, and anxiety following monoamine imbalance and hyperactivation of the HPA axis in rats exposed to single prolonged stress (SPS). Male rats were dosed with LU (10 and 20 mg/kg) once daily for 14 days after exposure to SPS. Administration of LU reduced fear freezing responses to extinction recall and depression- and anxiety-like behaviors, and suppressed increases in plasma corticosterone and adrenocorticotropic hormone levels. Also, administration of LU restored the increased norepinephrine and decreased serotonin levels in the structures within the fear circuit, medial prefrontal cortex, and hippocampus. Our results showed that administration of LU improved freezing behavior according in a situation-dependent manner, and showed anti-depressant and anxiolytic effects. Thus, LU may be a useful therapeutic agent to prevent traumatic stress such as PTSD.

Cause of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Portrayed in the Movie Cherry by Russo Brothers

The theory used in this research was proposed by Freud, (1921) to analyze Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder found in the movie “Cherry” movie by Russo Brothers. The movie will be the data source to analyze cause of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Mental illness is the main topic that sometime portrayed in the movie or novel. This research will be focused on the cause of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder from the utterances and narrations by the characters in the movie. The research will be used descriptive qualitative method of the research by (Creswell, 2013) to conduct the data. The researchers will be analyzed the utterances and narrations from the characters in the movie “Cherry.” The utterances and narrations discovered in the movie will be classified used theory causes of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder proposed by Davison, (2012) which were genetic, environmental, brain structure and psychological causes. The observational method and non-participatory technique as the methods of collecting data will be used in this research. The result will be discovered that there were 10 utterances, narrations, or actions of cause of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder by the characters in the movie. They are included 3 data discovered as genetic causes and 7 data discovered as environmental causes.

Modern specificity of non-psychotic mental disorders in internally displaced persons

Internally displaced persons are persons who, due to certain life circumstances, were forced to leave their permanent place of residence. Such circumstances include: the threat to one's life caused by war, the threat of violence, terrorism, violation of human rights, and such persons are forced to seek refuge in other regions of the country. Nowadays, military operations are a significant cause of post-traumatic stress disorder in 80% of those who survived them, with a high risk of depression, self-destructive behavior, anxiety disorders, and addictive behavior. According to the results of the study, the clinical structure of non-psychotic mental disorders in the examined patients was represented by: a moderate or severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms, panic disorder, mixed anxiety-depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder and adaptation disorders. According to the data of the psychodiagnostic study on the scale for assessing the impact of a traumatic event, we obtained the following indicators: (36.2±1.3)% of the examined have severe clinical manifestations of PTSD, while a high level of impact of the traumatic event was noted on all scales: intrusion, avoidance, and physiological excitability. According to the scale of severity of traumatic stress, (66.5±1.6)% have a full manifestation and (31.3±1.3)% have a clear manifestation of stress disorder. At the same time, the average value of the degree of expressiveness of post-stress disorders according to the Mississippi scale in the examined patients exceeded its normative value and amounted to (96.8±2.2) points, and their symptoms were ranked as follows: prevention, intrusion, hyperactivity, guilt. In (59.3±1.5)% of the examined, the presence of an extremely high level, in (31.1±1.3)% of an increased level of social frustration, which is caused by factors of forced resettlement and is a factor of significant social difficulties of forcibly displaced persons, was noted. Keywords: forcibly displaced persons, anxiety, depression, adjustment disorders, PTSD.

What is the association between post-traumatic stress disorder and unemployment after a disaster?

The problem is to determine whether, after a disaster, unemployment is a possible cause of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) - the classic model, or whether PTSD is a possible cause of unemployment - the alternative model. The study was conducted on a probabilistic sample of 26 213 adults who provided responses using the Davidson Trauma Scale and lived in regions near or far from the epicenter (Cobquecura, the coast of Chile) of the earthquake and tsunami of February 27, 2010. Independent of the proximity to the epicenter, there is an association between PTSD, unemployment, female sex and the poverty line. For regions close to the epicenter, the alternative model has better adjustment indicators than the classic model. Given the adjustment of the alternative model, the occurrence of PTSD cases is more likely to explain the unemployment condition. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2021;34(6):755-66.

Causes and Risk Factor of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Adult Asylum Seekers and Refugees

Objectives: To assess the causes and risk factors of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adult asylum seekers and refugees. To explore whether the causes and risk factors of PTSD between male and female adult refugees/asylum seekers are different. Study design: Systematic review of current literature. Data Sources: PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Google Scholar up until February 2019. Method: A structured, systematic search was conducted of the relevant databases. Papers were excluded if they failed to meet the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Afterwards, a qualitative assessment was performed on the selected papers. Results: 12 Studies were included for the final analysis. All papers were either case studies/reports or cross-sectional studies. Traumatic events experienced by refugees/asylum seekers are the most frequently reported pre-migration causes of PTSD development, while acculturative stress is the most common post-migration stressor. There were mixed reports regarding the causes of PTSD between both genders of refugees/asylum seekers. Conclusions: This review’s findings have potential clinical application in terms of helping clinicians to risk stratify refugees/asylum seekers for PTSD development and thus aid in embarking on earlier intervention measures. However, more rigorous research similar to this study is needed for it to be implemented into clinical practice.

SPECIFICITY OF LIVING WITH PTSD IN ADOLESCENTS 12 – 16 YEARS DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

In this article, the authors consider post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), its specificity of manifestation in adolescents aged 12-16 years. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescents with PTSD is considered. The authors emphasize that the cause of post-traumatic stress disorder is mental injuries of varying severity. The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the factors favorable for the occurrence of PTSD in adolescents. To study this topic, the authors analyzed the articles of domestic and foreign specialists.

Incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder in survivors of traumatic fracture: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is prevalent in traumatic events. It is a great hazard of physical and mental health due to their severity and frequency. Traumatic fractures are one of the major causes of PTSD. The incidence of traumatic fractures has been high in recent years, which will directly or indirectly result in PTSD. Our target is to estimate the pooled incidence of PTSD in fracture patients after traumatic events and to explore possible influencing factors by a meta-analysis. The systematic searches in the electronic bibliographic databases of Web of Science, ScienceDirect, Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), Wangfang , and Veipu Databases. Not only were heterogeneity and 95% confidence interval (CI) used for comprehensive assessing each pooled, but also was the P value. Subgroup analyses for some sample characteristics were calculated the pooled incidence of PTSD among patients suffered from fractures. In total, 2619 patients suffered from fracture, and were assessed PTSD in the 12 eligible studies. The heterogeneity was not low (I2 = 97.6%, P < 0.001) in the 12 eligible studies. The pooled incidence of PTSD in fracture patients was 29% (95% CI, 20% to 39%) using random-effects model. Subgroup analyses revealed that the pooled incidence of PTSD among patients after traumatic fracture was statistically significant differences according to the study design, the study location, tools to assess the symptoms of PTSD, the mean age and injury mechanism (all P < 0.001). Fracture sites, injury mechanism and pain were the main influencing factors of PTSD in fracture patients. Our results highlight the phenomenon that high incidence of PTSD in patients after fracture and they should be followed up regularly and be provided effective interventions. Future efforts to improve and control the main influencing factors of PTSD for this population still needed.

A formal support group for esophageal atresia and/or tracheoesophageal fistula in South Africa may improve the outcome of these children and their families

The psychosocial aspect of various congenital anomalies like esophageal atresia (EA) with/or without a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF) being the cause of Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), depression, and anxiety in parents of these children, is often overlooked by medical professionals. Support groups may be useful to address a part of this problem and form an important aspect of emotional support for any rare or congenital disease. A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to assess the need for a formal support group for parents of patients born with EA and to emphasize the role of emotional support for these parents and children. A questionnaire was sent to members of an informal WhatsApp group which included participants with diverse demographics across private and public platforms, across South Africa. The questions focused on 3 main areas: demographic data, diagnosis and the surgery, and information about the participant’s emotional support. All the data were inserted in an excel datasheet and descriptive statistical analysis was used. Questions were sent to 14 members of an informal WhatsApp group. Eight were included in the study. All 8 participants were mothers of children born with an EA with a TEF. The questions about the need for emotional support focus on the time after the baby was born. The majority (87.5%) of the mothers felt that they could bond with their babies during pregnancy, but in contrast, 75% felt that they missed an opportunity to bond with their babies after birth, mainly because they were not allowed to hold their babies for up to 11 days after birth. Only 1 of the mothers were in contact with other families with children born with EA, and 6 of the remaining 7 agreed that this would have helped them during this emotionally challenging time. All 8 thought that sharing their stories with others could have helped them emotionally and all agreed that an EA/TEF support group was a good idea. The family, as another patient, ought to be treated and included in the overall treatment plan if we aim to improve the quality of life for both the patients and their families. Disease-specific support groups can play a major role in the emotional well-being of both the children born with EA and their families.

Will the Emergence of the More Highly Infective Mutant Strains of SARS‐Cov‐2 Impose a Greater Strain on Health Care Professionals in 2021?

Provision of responsible healthcare to patients by healthcare professionals (HCP) during the COVID‐19 pandemic has lead to the development of symptoms of stress, anxiety, fear, and other strong emotions that has predisposed HCP to significant potential for mental health diagnosis including Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). In a metanalysis, Mealer et al (2009) and others reported that how one copes with these emotions and stressful conditions may affect the quality of healthcare provided to others, and the well‐being of the people they care about both within and outside of their work environment. The recent emergence of more highly infective mutations of SARS‐CoV‐2 [COVID‐19], identified as SARS‐CoV‐2 VUI 202012/01 in the USA with a reportedly 50‐70% greater contagious potential than the novel strain has sparked great concern throughout Europe, the United Kingdom and the USA, resulting in both International and Domestic travel limitations attempts to slow the continued spread of the coronavirus pandemic in attempts to contain the mutations, albeit it unsuccessful so far. PTSD and other mental health disorders may develop in individuals following exposure to a traumatic event or ongoing circumstances as has occurred among healthcare workers in the current pandemic as well as among returning combat veterans and disaster stricken regions and may be a precipitating cause of PTSD among HCPs and may contribute to their symptoms following prolonged exposure to their seemingly unending and highly stressful patient care responsibilities, and which symptoms may escape observation by others similarly affected in the treatment chain. The results of this metanalysis study indicate that according to Tang et al (2017), healthcare providers that were exposed to Avian Influenza virus (H7N9) patients were significantly prone (p=<0.05) to developing severe anxiety, PTSD stress and burnout symptoms, indicating a need for greater pre‐exposure training in traumatic illness stress management to better prepare them for early‐stage career management, particularly during the early stages of their careers. The recent emergence of SARS‐CoV‐2 VUI 202012/01 and more recent variants, potentially 50% or more contagious strains of the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus with as yet unknown risks for morbidity and mortality particularly among smokers may pose such a threat among the general population and the among the HCP who may be tasked for their healthcare, wellbeing, and all to often, palliative supportive care, despite the best efforts of epidemiologic surveillance and containment via application of conventional public health measures and available resources.

What Is PTSD? Diagnosis, Treatment, and Challenges

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) can occur when someone experiences a scary event or serious injury. This disorder can affect multiple parts of a person’s life, from relationships with loved ones to performance at work. Unfortunately, PTSD is not understood well. It is considered an invisible disability, which means it can be difficult to determine if someone has PTSD just by looking at them, since they have no visible symptoms. Because of the difficulty of diagnosing PTSD, healthcare professionals are working toward checklists that can be used by all doctors for PTSD diagnosis and treatment, which will hopefully improve the care of PTSD patients. Similarly, disability activists continue to raise awareness and educate the public on PTSD. In this article, we will discuss the causes of PTSD, its effects on daily life, diagnosis, treatment, and the importance of showing kindness toward people with this invisible disability.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): theory, diagnosis and practical aspects of psychotherapy

The article analyzes the main aspects of defining the concept of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in terms of different scientific approaches. The authors analyzed and described the main causes of post-traumatic stress disorder, its epidemiology, symptoms, theoretical background of the study of PTSD and diagnostic criteria according to the International Classification of Diseases (ICD) –10. The authors conducted a historical review of the study of post-traumatic stress disorder. They presented a diagram of the main directions of psychotherapy in working with PTSD based on their own analysis. In addition, the researchers developed and described an algorithm for psychotherapeutic work with post-traumatic stress disorder, which shows the main goals and stages of psychotherapy; they developed a model for the analysis and recognition of post-traumatic stress disorder.

A Soldier’s Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Kevin Power’s The Yellow Birds

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) develops in some individuals who have real-life experience with psychological problems such as shocking, scary, or dangerous events (Davison, 2006). This paper aims at uncovering PTSD in Kevin Powers' The Yellow Birds novel that underlies the behavior of the main characters, Private John Bartle. In the context of war, soldiers often face deadly situations in the middle of warfare. This experience is a kind of horrible death, such as the worst experiences that can be made these people vulnerable and psychologically affected, such as psychosis. This research discusses the causes, symptoms, and the impact of PTSD that occur to the Private John Bartle, the main character. The researcher uses the theory of post-traumatic stress disorder development by Gerald C Davison. The results of the analysis show that: (1) The main cause of post-traumatic stress disorder suffered by Bartle is the tragic death of his best friend on the battlefield, the adverse effects of the war occurred recently; (2) The process of re-experiencing the symptoms experienced by the main character of the novel The Yellow Birds began when Bartle finished his service as a service member who served in the Iraq war; (3) The effect of post-traumatic stress disorder was finally found after the post-traumatic stress disorder suffered by Private John Bartle ended his deployment in the Iraq war. For further studies, it is suggested a comprehensive viewpoint in implementing this approach for the new researcher who has been engaging in related fields of post-traumatic stress disorder. The Yellow Birds novel by Kevin Powers can be used as an illustration of how a post-war soldier struggling with his post-traumatic stress disorder when he comes home.