Cause Of Neck Swelling Research Articles

Internal Jugular Vein Phlebectasia with Situs Inversus Totalis: A Rare Association in a Child

Background: Phlebectasia is a term used for the dilatation of a vein without tortuosity. Rarely, the condition may affect the internal jugular vein (IJV), causing prominence in the neck, which may be confused with other neck swellings. Clinical Description: A 6-year-old boy presented with bilateral episodic swelling in the neck noticed since 2 years of age and a hoarse voice since 3 years of age. On examination, the neck swelling was soft, cystic, compressible, nontender, and nonpulsatile, increasing in size by all maneuvers increasing intrathoracic pressure. Systemic examination revealed the apex beat was on the right side, and the liver was palpable below the left subcostal margin. Management and Outcome: The workup for tuberculosis was negative, and direct laryngoscopy was normal. X-ray of the chest with abdomen showed dextrocardia and stomach shadow on the right side. Color Doppler revealed nontortuous dilatation of both IJVs. Dynamic computed tomography venography confirmed the diagnosis of bilateral IJV phlebectasia (IJVP). The child was started on speech therapy. The mother was counseled regarding the benign nature of the disease and advised regular follow-up. The child had no complications, and his voice improved with speech therapy at 1-year follow-up. Conclusion: Pediatricians should be aware that IJVP may rarely be the cause of neck swelling associated with hoarseness of voice. Increase in the size of the swelling with Valsalva maneuvers and color Doppler ultrasound helps to confirm the diagnosis.

A rare cause of neck swelling: Spontaneous bleeding of the bronchogenic cyst

Neck swellings can be caused by a variety of conditions, such as hemorrhage, congenital lesions, reactive lymphadenopathies, and cancer. Bronchogenic cyst is one of the congenital lesions of the lower airway. Bronchogenic cysts could expand and result in pain, compressive symptoms, and respiratory difficulty. A 45-year-old female presented to the emergency department with neck swelling, breathing abnormality, and pain. It was noted in the medical history that the patient regularly used aspirin. In the patient’s examination and imaging studies, a 45¥40¥56 mm, well-contoured, nonenhancing cystic lesion was observed in the right paratracheal area extending to the neck. The lesion deviated the trachea to the left. During inpatient follow-up, the patient’s complaints became markedly worse, and the patient had increased shortness of breath. Surgery was planned to remove the cyst, and the cyst was excised with the help of the thoracic surgery department. The pathology confirmed a bronchogenic cyst. In a patient experiencing neck swelling and respiratory distress, lesions spontaneously bleeding due to aspirin should be kept in mind. A fatal outcome may occur due to pressure on the airway.

Right internal jugular vein phlebectasia-a rare cause of neck swelling in paediatric population

<p>Reporting a case of an 8-year-old boy presenting with a right neck swelling appearing on straining which otherwise not seen with a diagnosis of right internal jugular vein phlebectasia. Paediatric population with neck swellings more commonly misdiagnosed clinically and hence with non-invasive radiological investigations like Ultrasonography with colour doppler and contrast enhanced computed tomography was done to confirm the diagnosis. Phlebectasias are at times incidental findings and stay asymptomatic, hence proper diagnosis with radiological investigations is needed as they are misdiagnosed with other neck swellings. Only few cases of internal jugular vein phlebectasias have been reported and approximately 20 cases have undergone surgery for cosmetic purposed and majority were managed conservatively like in our case report. This needs to be kept as a differential diagnosis in a paediatric patient presenting with neck swelling.</p>

Hydatid disease as a rare cause of neck swelling: Two cases report.

IntroductionDespite the fact that hydatid disease is endemic in some countries, its cervical location remains very rare.Presentation of caseWe report two cases of primary cervical hydatid disease in two children from rural areas. The imaging was not specific, since the location is rare; the diagnosis was only confirmed after surgery.DiscussionHydatid cyst is a rare pathology. Thus clinical presentation, radiological examinations, fine needle aspiration and serology can be useful to suspect the diagnosis.ConclusionHydatid disease should be considered when dealing with slow-growing renitent neck swelling in endemic countries.

Thyroglossal Duct Anomalies in Pediatric and Adult Population: A 10-Year Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital

Introduction: Thyroglossal duct cyst is a well-recognized congenital midline neck swelling observed in early childhood and rarely in adults. It may reveal itself as a painless cyst, abscess, or as fistula. Several studies have been conducted across the world, but the literature is scarce on its presentation and complications in the Middle East. This indexing study aims to report a 10-year experience with thyroglossal duct cyst (TGDC) presentation, excision, and recurrence at a teaching hospital in Saudi Arabia (KSA). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted at the Armed Forces Hospital Southern Region, KSA from December 2008 to December 2018. Data were retrieved from the electronic medical record system of the hospital and validated with the histopathology records. A total of 48 patients diagnosed as TGDC, sinus or fistula were identified. Stata ver. 16.1 was used to analyze the data and results formulated using regression model and Pearson’s chi-square test. Results: The majority of our patients were female (60.4%), and the most common presentation was a midline neck swelling which moved with tongue protrusion. Surgical excision via Complete Sistrunk procedure was the operation of choice in 60.5% followed by excision of the cyst with tract and sinus tract. Previous infection and surgical history contributed to complications in our patients, but no association of age or gender was observed. Patients presenting with infected and discharging cysts were found to be much more likely to develop a recurrence (9 patients). Cysts deep to the hyoid showed more recurrence [n = 7 (78%)] compared to superficial cysts [n = 2 (22%)] and posterior and multi-tract lesions also showed significant recurrence. Conclusion: Despite being a common cause of neck swelling, thyroglossal duct cyst is often missed on physical exams. To reduce complications, timely diagnosis and treatment are necessary.

Etiopathological study of pediatric neck masses in a rural population

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Neck mass in pediatric age group is a common clinical condition encountered by an ENT Specialist. Detailed clinical examination and knowledge of the common neck masses in children, which differ from those in adults is vital in early diagnosis and treatment. Diagnostic modalities such as Ultrasonography, Computerised Tomography, Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and histopathological examination aids in the diagnosis of superficial neck masses. The majority of neck masses in the pediatric population are congenital or inflammatory in origin and some are neoplastic. This study was conducted to establish the various causes of neck masses and the site of origin of neck masses in pediatric patients attending ENT OPD.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> 50 patients in the age group of 1 month to 18 years presenting with neck masses to the ENT OPD of Vinayaka Mission’s Medical College and Hospital, Karaikal were included in the study. This was a prospective study conducted for a period of 2 years. All the cases underwent FNAC. Biopsy and histopathological examination was done in cases where the cytological diagnosis was inconclusive. </p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> Of the 50 cases clinically evaluated, 24 were lymph node swellings, 7 were thyroid swellings, 8 were salivary gland swellings, 10 were congenital neck swellings, with 1 swelling being due to other cause.</p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> Inflammatory swelling arising from the Lymph nodes were the commonest cause of neck swelling in pediatric patients. Neck swellings were located most commonly in the Submandibular triangle in the study.</p>

Unicentric Castleman's disease: An unusual cause of neck swelling

Introduction: Castleman’s disease is a rare disorder in which there is a benign proliferation of lymphoid tissue. There are two clinical entities namely, unicentric Castleman’s disease with the disease confined to a single anatomic lymph node and a multicentric Castleman’s disease characterized by generalized lymphadenopathy, constitutional symptoms, a more aggressive clinical course and relatively poorer prognosis. The most common histopathological subtype is the hyaline vascular variant. Case Report: We present the case of an 18-year-old female presented with a painless right-sided neck swelling which was completely excised and diagnosed to have hyaline vascular variant of unicentric Castleman’s disease. This disorder carries an excellent prognosis and does not

Rosai-Dorfman Disease

ABSTRACTRosai-Dorfman disease also known as sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy is a rare benign disorder of unknown etiology, which present most commonly as bilateral massive lymphadenopathy of neck associated with fever. These cases are frequently misdiagnosed as lymphoma, and thus it is important to distinguish Rosai-Dorfman disease from other causes of neck swelling because of different treatment modalities.We report here a case of Rosai-Dorfman disease presenting with massive right cervical lymphadenopathy.How to cite this articleJoshi S. Rosai-Dorfman Disease. Int J Otorhinolaryngol Clin 2014;6(3):121-122.

Unusual cause of neck swelling in two siblings

The neck swellings are common in children and are usually reactive lymph nodes. In developing countries the tuberculous cervical lymphadenopathy remains an important differential of a neck swelling. Cysticercosis cellulose is a parasitic infection commonly causing neural involvement. Neck is very rarely involved and is confused with lymphadenopathy and thus poses diagnostic dilemma. We have managed a child with a small neck swelling which failed to settle with antibiotics (amoxicillin and clavulanic acid) and the eventual diagnosis turned out to be subcutaneous cysticercosis cellulae. On screening of the family members, the sibling of the child also had subcutaneous cysticercosis cellulae in neck. Our case highlights about the importance of screening in the family members. Cysticercosis should be kept as a differential diagnosis in the neck swelling.

Acute presentation of a plunging ranula causing respiratory distress: case report

A plunging ranula is an uncommon cause of neck swelling which typically presents in a gradually progressive fashion. This report describes a rare case of acute presentation of a plunging ranula. The condition progressed rapidly to respiratory distress, requiring urgent surgery. A 14-year-old male student presented with a rapidly enlarging neck swelling associated with a sublingual swelling. Computed tomography suggested the diagnosis of plunging ranula. Several hours after admission, the neck swelling became very tense and the sublingual swelling enlarged dramatically. The tongue was pushed upwards and backwards by the sublingual swelling, causing respiratory embarrassment and requiring urgent surgery. Four months after surgery, there was no evidence of recurrence. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first case report of a plunging ranula progressing acutely and rapidly to cause respiratory compromise. The literature is reviewed and pertinent features concerning the diagnosis and management of plunging ranula are presented.

External jugular vein aneurysm: A rare cause of neck swelling. A report of three patients

Venous aneurysms are a relatively rare pathology, far less common than arterial aneurysms. Unrelated to either age or gender, they can affect any vein, including cervical, thoracic, visceral, and lower limb veins. Aneurysmal dilatations in cervical veins are rare due to low pressure in the vena cava system; they can involve any vein but most frequently are observed on the internal and external jugular veins. This report of three patients highlights some of the specific diagnostic and therapeutic features of this pathology.

Huge Plunging Ranula

Ranula is a form of mucocele which specifically occurs in the floor of the mouth in association with the ducts of the submaxillary or sublingual gland. The term Ranula is derived from the Latin word Rana which means ‘Belly of frog’, because the lesions in the floor of the mouth resemble the bulging underbelly of a frog. The formation of ranula is thought to be due to the excretory duct rupture followed by extravasation and accumulation of saliva into the surrounding tissue. The accumulation of mucous in the surrounding connective tissue forms a pseudocyst that lacks an epithelial lining. Ranulas have classically been divided into simple and diving/plunging/cervical. Simple ranulas remain confined to the sublingual space, whereas diving ranulas extend beyond it [1]. Plunging ranula though rare are well documented causes of neck swelling. It is accepted that they arise as a result of extravasation of saliva from the sublingual gland through a hiatus in the mylohyoid muscle. If the only presentation is a cervical swelling, diagnosis can be difficult and advanced diagnostic technique like CT plays an important role in diagnosis.

Jugular phlebectasi: A cause of neck swelling - Case report

Jugular phlebectasi: A cause of neck swelling - Case report

Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitor-induced Angioedema following Carotid Endarterectomy Misdiagnosed as Cervical Hematoma

Angioedema is a localized swelling of sudden onset, often associated with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor use, that most commonly occurs in the face and neck. We present the case of a patient on long-term ACE inhibitor therapy for hypertension, who developed postoperative angioedema after carotid endarterectomy (CEA). The patient was initially misdiagnosed with an expanding cervical hematoma and underwent a surgical wound reexploration. Angioedema is a rare cause of neck swelling and upper airway distress occurring after CEA in patients treated with ACE inhibitors and should be considered in the differential diagnosis.