Cause Of Urinary Tract Obstruction Research Articles

Obstruktive Uropathie bei Erwachsenen

Urinary tract obstruction is a common clinical problem. The obstruction of the urinary flow may be acute or chronic, partial or complete, unilateral or bilateral, and may occur at any site of the urinary tract. The major causes of urinary tract obstruction vary with the age of the patient. Anatomic abnormalities, e. g. ureteropelvic junction obstruction, account for the majority of cases in children. In comparison, calculi are most common in young adults, while prostatic hyperplasia or carcinoma, retroperitoneal or pelvic neoplasms, and calculi are the primary causes in older patients. Urinary tract obstruction results in different pathophysiological changes causing various symptoms. In addition to the aetiology, pathophysiology and clinical presentation of obstructive uropathy in adults, modern diagnostic and therapeutic options are presented in this review.

Fungal Bezoars as a Cause of Renal Insufficiency in Neonates and Infants-Recommended Treatment Strategy

No AccessJournal of UrologyUrological Survey: Abstracts: Pediatric Urology1 Jan 1999Fungal Bezoars as a Cause of Renal Insufficiency in Neonates and Infants-Recommended Treatment Strategy D. Visser, L. Monnens, W. Feitz, and B. Semmekrot D. VisserD. Visser More articles by this author , L. MonnensL. Monnens More articles by this author , W. FeitzW. Feitz More articles by this author , and B. SemmekrotB. Semmekrot More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)62176-1AboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail "Fungal Bezoars as a Cause of Renal Insufficiency in Neonates and Infants-Recommended Treatment Strategy." The Journal of Urology, 161(1), p. 368 Departments of Pediatrics and Pediatric Urology, University Hospital Nijmegen, The Netherlands© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 161Issue 1January 1999Page: 368 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information D. Visser More articles by this author L. Monnens More articles by this author W. Feitz More articles by this author B. Semmekrot More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...

Fungal Bezoars as a Cause of Renal Insufficiency in Neonates and Infants-Recommended Treatment Strategy

Fungal bezoars may be a cause of urinary tract obstruction and acute renal failure in neonates and young infants. We describe a female very low birth weight infant (25+3 weeks, 795 gram) who developed renal insufficiency on the basis of systemic fungal infection with fungal bezoars in both kidneys. The girl was treated by local irrigation of the kidneys and bladder with amphotericin B via percutaneously inserted bilateral nephrostomy catheters, in combination with intravenous fluconazol. Renal function subsequently improved and after 11 weeks of treatment the bezoars had disappeared sonographically. Follow-up of this child and the one we similarly treated for fungal bezoars before, however, shows suboptimal renal function as assessed by the clearance of creatinine and the mercapto acetyl triglycine scan (MAG III). Until now, insufficient data are available yet to assess with certainly the long-term effects of fungal bezoars on renal function. Based on our experience and a review of the recent literature (1980-1996) on systemic candidal infections in premature infants, we recommend to perform regular renal ultrasound in any case of systemic candidal infection in a prematurely born infant. If candidal bezoars are found with pelvic obstruction, we suggest to start treatment by the insertion of bilateral nephrostomy catheters and local irrigation with amphotericin B in combination with systemic antifungal agents, aiming at both the restoration of renal function and the eradication of the fungal infection.

An Unusual Cause of Acute Renal Failure: Bilateral Ureteral Obstruction Due to Candida tropicalis Fungus Balls

Fungus balls have rarely been implicated as a cause of urinary tract obstruction. Approximately 50 cases of fungus balls of the urinary tract have been reported previously; the majority of cases were characterized by unilateral ureteral involvement or bladder involvement, and Candida albicans has been the organism most frequently isolated. We report, to our knowledge, the first case of bilateral ureteral obstruction caused by Candida tropicalis fungus balls.

Urinary Tract Obstruction in Polycystic Renal Disease

The incidence and cause of urinary tract obstruction in 100 consecutive patients with polycystic renal disease are reported. Because of nonspecific symptoms, poor renal function, and calyceal distortion, obstruction may be difficult to detect. A number of patients had infundibular obstruction caused by a calculus, clot, or inflammation and edema of the pelvocalyceal wall.

Anterior urethral diverticulum and hydroureteronephrosis

Congenital anterior urethral diverticulum as a cause of urinary tract obstruction and uremia in a young male adult is presented. Etiology and diagnostic procedures are reviewed.

Ureteral obstruction in patients with uterine prolapse.

Nineteen cases of procidentia with upper urinary tract dilatation of varying degrees are presented. These cases demonstrate the importance of this entity as a cause of urinary tract obstruction. A significant incidence of urinary tract infections (74%) without an increased frequency of hypertension was found. Intravenous urography should be an integral part of the work-up of patients with uterine prolapse and should include views in the prone and erect positions. The caudal displacement of the trigone which can occur in patients with procidentia may be the cause of ureteral obstruction in these patients by increasing the resistance to drainage at the ureteral meati.

Obstructive uropathy secondary to phimosis and balanoposthitis.

Campbell 1 states that congenital phimosis is only preputial anomaly of grave concern and cites five cases of infant death secondary to uremia subsequent to congenital phimosis. Overzier 2 also alludes to severe fibrous phimosis with retention of urine leading to dilatation of the upper urinary tract. However, little emphasis has been placed upon acquired phimosis as etiologic in obstructive uropathy, and one is often guided to the meatus and more proximal structures in the search for the cause of urinary tract obstruction. The present case demonstrates how acquired phimosis and balanoposthitis can be obstructive with resultant stasis of urine, pyelocaliectasis, urinary tract infection, and bilateral acute pyelonephritis. Report of a Case A 16-year-old white boy presented to the Urology Clinic with symptoms of fever, chills, nausea, and difficulty in voiding of three days' duration. He had a history of difficulty in voiding, necessitating straining, which dated back many

Ureterocele – A case report

Congenital ureterocele is an uncommon cause of urinary tract obstruction in the young patient. Though they may be diagnosed in utero, some however present in the first few decades of life. Most are associated with a duplex collection system with complete ureteral duplication. Here we report a case of single system ureterocele associated with only a single ureter. Key words: ureterocele; urinary tract obstruction. DOI: 10.3126/jcmsn.v6i2.3615 Journal of college of Medical Sciences-Nepal, 2010, Vol.6, No-2, 38-41